By BILL FIANDER Insight Kansas

Poor Elbridge Gerry. He wasn’t even a fan of this. Toeing his party’s line, he approved a newly drawn Boston district that was <a href="https://blogs.loc.gov/loc/2024/07/gerrymandering-the-origin-story/">lampooned</a> as a mythological menacing-winged dragon, or salamander.

While a salamander-shaped district helped his party hold onto the legislature, this Bill of Rights father lost his governor’s seat, and forever lent his name to unsavory contorted lines re-drawn for partisan political gain

Thus, gerry-mandered maps were born. Power, perils, and all.

Two hundred thirteen years later, partisan gerrymandering is having another moment. No less than nine Republican-led and Democrat-led states, <a href="https://www.kcur.org/politics-elections-and-government/2025-09-04/kansas-republicans-might-redistrict-to-help-defeat-the-states-only-democrat-in-congress">including Kansas</a>, are actively contemplating <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2025/08/28/redistricting-between-censuses-has-been-rare-in-the-modern-era/">rare</a> mid-census map changes to congressional districts ahead of next year’s elections; salamanders, pinwheels, Zorros, inkblots, and other odd shapes that only a Rorschach test giver could love will determine control of the U.S. House.

While partisan politics is gratuitously on display in today’s efforts, what is less apparent is what line on a map best serves a representative democracy.

Creation of districts for the House of Representatives was fueled by a fear of tyranny under the constitution; a compromise in our federalist framework that ensured local voices could check the power of a new centralized federal government and president.

But it wasn’t just about the fear of a king’s tyranny or an elite few. Just as important was to prevent a tyranny of the majority. Minority rights in religion, political parties, property, press, commerce, ancestry, etc. had to withstand a majority’s trampling if the newfound freedoms were to mean anything.

To that end, lines on House maps reflected non-partisan coherent geographies of common interest that could elevate the influence of minority groups politically. They represented fisherman, farmers, coalminers, mountain regions, religions, racial/ethnic neighborhoods, and any sub-set of population geography brought together.

Natural boundaries – city/county limits, rivers, major roads, rail, mountains, public universities, etc. – bonded those interests instead of political party. Within those geographies of common interests, political parties vied to become the voice of those interests through ideologies and lawmaking.

But we don’t live in that world anymore, do we?

Unless states say otherwise, splitting geographies of common interest for pure partisan gain is legal after <a href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/18pdf/18-422_9ol1.pdf">Rucho v. Common Cause </a>(2019). Most states, including Kansas, do not prohibit the practice.

AI mapmaking algorithms can spit out thousands of district options in the blink of an eye. Flipping 10%-20% (25% in Kansas) of a state’s congressional seats at the touch of a button is an intoxicating power unlike any other tool available that stacks the partisan deck.

In this world, parties have become the common interest; not people, natural resources, schools, local economies, drinking water, or air sheds. The political tail wagging the proverbial geographic dog. A shape that ironically comes to mind when looking at the gerrymandered Kansas congressional district 1 barking from Lawrence to Colorado.

Left to current devices, it doesn’t. Johnson County beware. In Kansas, state voters are not in charge. Legislators are. Courts to a degree. Even the last protected domain under the Voting Rights Act – racial gerrymandering – has a target on its back (<a href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/24pdf/24-109_l53m.pdf">Louisiana v. Callais</a>).

What do we really want out of re-districting? Competitive races? Partisan fairness? Respect for common geographies? All three? Technology can map whatever weighted parameters “we” want.

But until voters in Kansas and other states send a message, “we” are all racing to the bottom lampooning the very foundations of a representative democracy.

Bill Fiander is a university lecturer at Washburn University, Topeka, specializing in public administration, urban planning, and state/local government.&nbsp;&nbsp;

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2025/9/1757520322866.jpeg" alt="Bill Fiander. Photo by Megan Martin" />
 <figcaption>Bill Fiander. Photo by Megan Martin</figcaption>
 </figure>By BILL FIANDER Insight KansasPoor Elbridge Gerry. He wasn’t even a fan of this. Toeing his party’s line, he approved a newly drawn Boston district that was <a href="https://blogs.loc.gov/loc/2024/07/gerrymandering-the-origin-story/">lampooned</a> as a mythological menacing-winged dragon, or salamander.While a salamander-shaped district helped his party hold onto the legislature, this Bill of Rights father lost his governor’s seat, and forever lent his name to unsavory contorted lines re-drawn for partisan political gainThus, gerry-mandered maps were born. Power, perils, and all.Two hundred thirteen years later, partisan gerrymandering is having another moment. No less than nine Republican-led and Democrat-led states, <a href="https://www.kcur.org/politics-elections-and-government/2025-09-04/kansas-republicans-might-redistrict-to-help-defeat-the-states-only-democrat-in-congress">including Kansas</a>, are actively contemplating <a href="https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2025/08/28/redistricting-between-censuses-has-been-rare-in-the-modern-era/">rare</a> mid-census map changes to congressional districts ahead of next year’s elections; salamanders, pinwheels, Zorros, inkblots, and other odd shapes that only a Rorschach test giver could love will determine control of the U.S. House.While partisan politics is gratuitously on display in today’s efforts, what is less apparent is what line on a map best serves a representative democracy.Creation of districts for the House of Representatives was fueled by a fear of tyranny under the constitution; a compromise in our federalist framework that ensured local voices could check the power of a new centralized federal government and president.But it wasn’t just about the fear of a king’s tyranny or an elite few. Just as important was to prevent a tyranny of the majority. Minority rights in religion, political parties, property, press, commerce, ancestry, etc. had to withstand a majority’s trampling if the newfound freedoms were to mean anything.To that end, lines on House maps reflected non-partisan coherent geographies of common interest that could elevate the influence of minority groups politically. They represented fisherman, farmers, coalminers, mountain regions, religions, racial/ethnic neighborhoods, and any sub-set of population geography brought together.Natural boundaries – city/county limits, rivers, major roads, rail, mountains, public universities, etc. – bonded those interests instead of political party. Within those geographies of common interests, political parties vied to become the voice of those interests through ideologies and lawmaking.But we don’t live in that world anymore, do we?Unless states say otherwise, splitting geographies of common interest for pure partisan gain is legal after <a href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/18pdf/18-422_9ol1.pdf">Rucho v. Common Cause </a>(2019). Most states, including Kansas, do not prohibit the practice.AI mapmaking algorithms can spit out thousands of district options in the blink of an eye. Flipping 10%-20% (25% in Kansas) of a state’s congressional seats at the touch of a button is an intoxicating power unlike any other tool available that stacks the partisan deck.In this world, parties have become the common interest; not people, natural resources, schools, local economies, drinking water, or air sheds. The political tail wagging the proverbial geographic dog. A shape that ironically comes to mind when looking at the gerrymandered Kansas congressional district 1 barking from Lawrence to Colorado.Where does this end?Left to current devices, it doesn’t. Johnson County beware. In Kansas, state voters are not in charge. Legislators are. Courts to a degree. Even the last protected domain under the Voting Rights Act – racial gerrymandering – has a target on its back (<a href="https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/24pdf/24-109_l53m.pdf">Louisiana v. Callais</a>).What do we really want out of re-districting? Competitive races? Partisan fairness? Respect for common geographies? All three? Technology can map whatever weighted parameters “we” want.But until voters in Kansas and other states send a message, “we” are all racing to the bottom lampooning the very foundations of a representative democracy.Bill Fiander is a university lecturer at Washburn University, Topeka, specializing in public administration, urban planning, and state/local government.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Insight Kansas: Lines on a map: A race to the gerrymandered bottom

By KAREN MADORIN Hays Post

You’d think a gal who’s celebrated 70 summers would know bumble and honey bees are very different creatures. 

Both are bees but live entirely different lifestyles. Compare them to city and rural residents or people from Alaska and Florida. Until recently, I never considered their differences other than to note one was fuzzier and bigger.

Because we planted more flowers this year, scores more bumble bees zip through our airways, flitting from one blossom to another. Numbers increased enough we may need bee traffic control to prevent wrecks. 

That observation awakened the one time four-year-old-me full of questions needing answers. What do they eat, where do they live, are they like honey bees only bigger, and so on. Once my curiosity fired up, I scoured one article after another to learn these unique creatures are very different from honey bees that share their territory.

Honey bees are smaller with lighter coloring. Often, over a thousand live year-round in above ground hives either man-made or bee-constructed and filled with complex hexagonal wax combs designed to store honey. This labor-intensive lifestyle ensures colonies survive winters to emerge each spring. 

Workers and drones specialize in collecting pollen and nectar, organizing tidy hives and combs, and nurturing expanding populations. It can take seven or more honey bees to harvest nectar from one flower. To succeed, colonies must function as a fine-tuned organization.

Bumble bees, larger, fuzzier, and more intensely colored than honey bees operate with an entirely different mindset. Their colonies are much smaller than honey bees’. As few as 20 to possibly 400 share a hive. Drones and workers live only one season and die before winter. Only the queen survives 'til the next year so bumble bee hives exist for only one season. 

The queen doesn’t over-winter at that site. She scouts a sheltered location where she hibernates and incubates fertilized eggs 'til emerging the following spring. She then establishes a new hive in either a log or tree cavity or in an abandoned animal hole in the ground, lays eggs, and collects enough pollen to get that first hatch started.

The initial emergents are all female and once mature, care for the following hatches which turn into drones and worker bees. Bumble bees make honey, but since they don’t live through the winter, they don’t store it. They produce enough to survive from week to week, tucking it in little wax pots stashed around comb-less, disorganized hives.

Only females sting, and unlike honey bees, they don’t lose their stinger after they use it so they can wreak havoc again. 

Males have no stinger so outdoor-lovers who can identify carriers of XY chromosomes can relax when sizable, fuzzy, yellow and black dudes do a fly-by. No squealing or evasive tactics necessary.

Where it takes multiple honey bees to harvest pollen and nectar from a flower, bumble bees are more efficient. One latches onto a blossom’s anther and flaps its wings. The resulting vibration loosens pollen so the bee can harvest it, or it pollinates nearby blossoms. One researcher mentioned greenhouses utilize bumble bees to increase tomato production.

Some humans earn specialized degrees to learn everything possible about bumble bees. I prefer to watch them vibrating my flowers. 

That said, I enjoyed the time I spent unearthing facts I should have known years ago.

Karen Madorin is a retired teacher, writer, photographer, outdoors lover, and sixth-generation Kansan.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/7/1658158626307.png" alt="Karen Madorin. Courtesy photo" />
 <figcaption>Karen Madorin. Courtesy photo</figcaption>
 </figure>By KAREN MADORIN Hays PostYou’d think a gal who’s celebrated 70 summers would know bumble and honey bees are very different creatures. Both are bees but live entirely different lifestyles. Compare them to city and rural residents or people from Alaska and Florida. Until recently, I never considered their differences other than to note one was fuzzier and bigger.Because we planted more flowers this year, scores more bumble bees zip through our airways, flitting from one blossom to another. Numbers increased enough we may need bee traffic control to prevent wrecks. That observation awakened the one time four-year-old-me full of questions needing answers. What do they eat, where do they live, are they like honey bees only bigger, and so on. Once my curiosity fired up, I scoured one article after another to learn these unique creatures are very different from honey bees that share their territory.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2025/9/1757439651483.jpeg" alt="Photo by Karen Madorin" />
 <figcaption>Photo by Karen Madorin</figcaption>
 </figure>Honey bees are smaller with lighter coloring. Often, over a thousand live year-round in above ground hives either man-made or bee-constructed and filled with complex hexagonal wax combs designed to store honey. This labor-intensive lifestyle ensures colonies survive winters to emerge each spring. Workers and drones specialize in collecting pollen and nectar, organizing tidy hives and combs, and nurturing expanding populations. It can take seven or more honey bees to harvest nectar from one flower. To succeed, colonies must function as a fine-tuned organization.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2025/9/1757439614520.jpeg" alt="Photo by Karen Madorin" />
 <figcaption>Photo by Karen Madorin</figcaption>
 </figure>Bumble bees, larger, fuzzier, and more intensely colored than honey bees operate with an entirely different mindset. Their colonies are much smaller than honey bees’. As few as 20 to possibly 400 share a hive. Drones and workers live only one season and die before winter. Only the queen survives 'til the next year so bumble bee hives exist for only one season. The queen doesn’t over-winter at that site. She scouts a sheltered location where she hibernates and incubates fertilized eggs 'til emerging the following spring. She then establishes a new hive in either a log or tree cavity or in an abandoned animal hole in the ground, lays eggs, and collects enough pollen to get that first hatch started.The initial emergents are all female and once mature, care for the following hatches which turn into drones and worker bees. Bumble bees make honey, but since they don’t live through the winter, they don’t store it. They produce enough to survive from week to week, tucking it in little wax pots stashed around comb-less, disorganized hives.Only females sting, and unlike honey bees, they don’t lose their stinger after they use it so they can wreak havoc again. Males have no stinger so outdoor-lovers who can identify carriers of XY chromosomes can relax when sizable, fuzzy, yellow and black dudes do a fly-by. No squealing or evasive tactics necessary.Where it takes multiple honey bees to harvest pollen and nectar from a flower, bumble bees are more efficient. One latches onto a blossom’s anther and flaps its wings. The resulting vibration loosens pollen so the bee can harvest it, or it pollinates nearby blossoms. One researcher mentioned greenhouses utilize bumble bees to increase tomato production.Some humans earn specialized degrees to learn everything possible about bumble bees. I prefer to watch them vibrating my flowers. That said, I enjoyed the time I spent unearthing facts I should have known years ago.Karen Madorin is a retired teacher, writer, photographer, outdoors lover, and sixth-generation Kansan.

MADORIN: Things I ought to know

By MARK R. JOSLYN Insight Kansas

West of Salina, on the way to Colorado, I saw them for the first time, towering over the plains, their immense blades turning in slow rhythmic circles. I was excited to see them, their sheer size awe inspiring.

My excitement, however, mixed with concern as the giant machines changed the quiet vastness of the open prairie into something commercial, even industrial.

Twenty years later, having passed by hundreds more – they’ve multiplied at a startling pace – my feelings about them haven’t settled.&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://cleanview.co/wind-farms/kansas">Fifty-one</a>&nbsp;utility scale windfarms are now scattered across 36 counties, most&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/f37701d386824345951016dc61859057">west</a>&nbsp;of Wichita but more appearing in the northeast and southeast regions.&nbsp;

Wind developers require forty to seventy&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://todayshomeowner.com/eco-friendly/guides/how-much-space-does-a-wind-turbine-need/">acres</a>&nbsp;per turbine. &nbsp;Farms with a hundred or more turbines thus span thousands of acres.&nbsp;There are nearly&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.chooseenergy.com/data-center/wind-generation-by-state/">4,500 turbines</a>&nbsp;ranging from 213 ft. tall to the hub, 323 ft. with blades 323 ft., at the state’s first wind farm in Gray County, to newer models reaching 374 ft. to the hub, 514 ft. with blades, at Prairie Queen in Allen County.&nbsp;

For reference, the Kansas State Capitol Building is 304 ft., the Statue of Liberty 305 ft.&nbsp;

Wind power accounts for&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://windexchange.energy.gov/states/ks#capacity">47 percent</a>&nbsp;of the state’s electricity, a dramatic rise from less than 20 percent a decade ago.&nbsp;More wind power means less coal and natural gas.&nbsp;It also means&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://energiesmedia.com/why-kansas-wind-farms-are-changing-the-face-of-rural-farming-2025-guide/">compensation</a>&nbsp;for landowners and employment opportunities for area residents. Plus, wind farms support local communities through taxes, supplying counties with steady income to improve infrastructure and fund schools. And compared to traditional sources, wind energy delivers cheaper electricity.

Wind farms divide communities, separating those who profit from those that do not. They cause heated disputes over zoning laws, especially setback requirements, noise levels, and environmental compliance. Other concerns include light pollution, property values, shadow flicker, transmission lines, and rural aesthetics.&nbsp;

I get it, renewable energy takes on a different meaning with a turbine whirling nearby. To paraphrase a Douglas County&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cp1xzMt5vOM">resident</a>: “I’m for clean power projects, just put them somewhere else.”&nbsp;

NIMBYism (not in my backyard) is a real barrier to wind expansion, especially in the populated eastern counties. 

In response to a permit request, Franklin County enacted a temporary moratorium on wind development. Douglas County residents successfully&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://kaninfo.com/news/tougher-proposed-wind-farm-regs-but-douglas-county-opponents-say-deck-still-stacked-against-them/">lobbied</a>&nbsp;for more stringent regulations that stalled a windfarm proposal. Shawnee, Harvey, and Linn counties have recently banned wind projects. About a fifth of Kansas&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.kcur.org/news/2025-01-13/ku-research-suggests-wind-power-isnt-a-red-vs-blue-issue-in-kansas">counties</a>&nbsp;prohibit new wind installations, many in sensitive areas of the Flint Hills. Governors from both parties have issued executive orders to protect Flint Hills from wind developers.

The Trump administration’s recent efforts to&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.politico.com/news/2025/07/16/interior-requires-burgum-sign-off-for-solar-wind-projects-00458999">slow</a>&nbsp;wind power introduces further complications, likely politicizing what had been a&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://lawrencekstimes.com/2025/01/15/ku-research-wind-divide/">nonpartisan</a>&nbsp;issue in Kansas.

Currently, the fragmented system of local regulations enables developers to capitalize on the financial vulnerabilities of&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.khi.org/articles/how-rural-counties-can-shape-wind-energy-and-emerging-role-of-public-health/">counties</a>&nbsp;and landowners.

Perhaps statewide standards could lead to a more equitable distribution of wind power’s impacts. Yet limiting local control raises its own set of thorny issues. 

I am still awed by the turbines and still unsettled. I wonder how many is enough. How tall will they get? Where will they go? Chances are development stays west, and in places Kansans rarely visit but where in fact the burdens of wind energy are felt the most.

Dr. Mark R. Joslyn is a professor of political science at the University of Kansas.&nbsp;

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2024/3/1709742204657.jpeg" alt="Buckeye wind turbines. File photo" />
 <figcaption>Buckeye wind turbines. File photo</figcaption>
 </figure>By MARK R. JOSLYN Insight KansasWest of Salina, on the way to Colorado, I saw them for the first time, towering over the plains, their immense blades turning in slow rhythmic circles. I was excited to see them, their sheer size awe inspiring.My excitement, however, mixed with concern as the giant machines changed the quiet vastness of the open prairie into something commercial, even industrial.Twenty years later, having passed by hundreds more – they’ve multiplied at a startling pace – my feelings about them haven’t settled.&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://cleanview.co/wind-farms/kansas">Fifty-one</a>&nbsp;utility scale windfarms are now scattered across 36 counties, most&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/f37701d386824345951016dc61859057">west</a>&nbsp;of Wichita but more appearing in the northeast and southeast regions.&nbsp;Wind developers require forty to seventy&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://todayshomeowner.com/eco-friendly/guides/how-much-space-does-a-wind-turbine-need/">acres</a>&nbsp;per turbine. &nbsp;Farms with a hundred or more turbines thus span thousands of acres.&nbsp;There are nearly&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.chooseenergy.com/data-center/wind-generation-by-state/">4,500 turbines</a>&nbsp;ranging from 213 ft. tall to the hub, 323 ft. with blades 323 ft., at the state’s first wind farm in Gray County, to newer models reaching 374 ft. to the hub, 514 ft. with blades, at Prairie Queen in Allen County.&nbsp;For reference, the Kansas State Capitol Building is 304 ft., the Statue of Liberty 305 ft.&nbsp; Wind power accounts for&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://windexchange.energy.gov/states/ks#capacity">47 percent</a>&nbsp;of the state’s electricity, a dramatic rise from less than 20 percent a decade ago.&nbsp;More wind power means less coal and natural gas.&nbsp;It also means&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://energiesmedia.com/why-kansas-wind-farms-are-changing-the-face-of-rural-farming-2025-guide/">compensation</a>&nbsp;for landowners and employment opportunities for area residents. Plus, wind farms support local communities through taxes, supplying counties with steady income to improve infrastructure and fund schools. And compared to traditional sources, wind energy delivers cheaper electricity. Even so, resistance is building.&nbsp;Wind farms divide communities, separating those who profit from those that do not. They cause heated disputes over zoning laws, especially setback requirements, noise levels, and environmental compliance. Other concerns include light pollution, property values, shadow flicker, transmission lines, and rural aesthetics.&nbsp;I get it, renewable energy takes on a different meaning with a turbine whirling nearby. To paraphrase a Douglas County&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cp1xzMt5vOM">resident</a>: “I’m for clean power projects, just put them somewhere else.”&nbsp;NIMBYism (not in my backyard) is a real barrier to wind expansion, especially in the populated eastern counties. In response to a permit request, Franklin County enacted a temporary moratorium on wind development. Douglas County residents successfully&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://kaninfo.com/news/tougher-proposed-wind-farm-regs-but-douglas-county-opponents-say-deck-still-stacked-against-them/">lobbied</a>&nbsp;for more stringent regulations that stalled a windfarm proposal. Shawnee, Harvey, and Linn counties have recently banned wind projects. About a fifth of Kansas&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.kcur.org/news/2025-01-13/ku-research-suggests-wind-power-isnt-a-red-vs-blue-issue-in-kansas">counties</a>&nbsp;prohibit new wind installations, many in sensitive areas of the Flint Hills. Governors from both parties have issued executive orders to protect Flint Hills from wind developers. The Trump administration’s recent efforts to&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.politico.com/news/2025/07/16/interior-requires-burgum-sign-off-for-solar-wind-projects-00458999">slow</a>&nbsp;wind power introduces further complications, likely politicizing what had been a&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://lawrencekstimes.com/2025/01/15/ku-research-wind-divide/">nonpartisan</a>&nbsp;issue in Kansas. Currently, the fragmented system of local regulations enables developers to capitalize on the financial vulnerabilities of&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.khi.org/articles/how-rural-counties-can-shape-wind-energy-and-emerging-role-of-public-health/">counties</a>&nbsp;and landowners. Perhaps statewide standards could lead to a more equitable distribution of wind power’s impacts. Yet limiting local control raises its own set of thorny issues. I am still awed by the turbines and still unsettled. I wonder how many is enough. How tall will they get? Where will they go? Chances are development stays west, and in places Kansans rarely visit but where in fact the burdens of wind energy are felt the most.Dr. Mark R. Joslyn is a professor of political science at the University of Kansas.&nbsp;

Insight Kansas: Mixed emotions about wind turbines?  You’re not alone 

By KAREN MADORIN Hays Post

Kevin Costner’s character Ray in Field of Dreams listened to a mysterious voice repeating, “If you build it, they will come.” 

Against others’ advice, that farmer sacrificed a cornfield to construct a baseball diamond in the middle of Iowa farm country. If you watched this film, you know Shoeless Joe Jackson, members of the banned 1919 Black Sox team, and others show up to play some spirited baseball.

I love that concept. If you listen to good advice and prepare, adventure begins. In my case, the result wasn’t mystical, but it was rewarding. 

An insect-loving biologist advised me to garden not only to produce food but also to support butterflies. I’d written previously about adding rows of dill and fennel to my garden. Through her encouragement, I took another step—I interspersed flowers and herbs.

I planted fennel and dill amongst zinnias, larkspur, Indian blanket, bachelor buttons, and marigolds. Over the summer, a visitor would ask about that that ferny-looking stuff that smells like licorice.

Friends also remarked on dill thriving in that flowerbed.

“ Yes, that’s dill. No, not making pickles. I’m growing butterflies.”

Yes. Specifically, swallowtails. Their caterpillars devour dill, parsley, and fennel. Each spring either stunning yellow and black winged or black highlighted with blue and yellow winged creatures sipped nectar from lilacs, lilies, roses, and other summer blossoms. Then they mated and produced eggs. 

Because I followed my friend’s advice and planted to attract more brilliant-colored pollinators, I counted scores of funny looking caterpillars hatching from that summer’s efforts.

When gardeners provide host plants, adult female swallowtails lay yellow eggs on the leaves. After incubating, these tiny deposits hatch into segmented creatures dressed in vivid green adorned by yellow, black, and white stripes, dots, and dashes. 

This developmental stage camouflages pillowy caterpillars from voracious birds, but humans can easily spot these summer residents munching lacy leaves. If you don’t see them, you’ll know they’re busy digesting when you notice healthy poopers dotting soil and landscape rocks beneath garden greenery.

Before that year’s experiment, I was happy to see two or three ugly bugs in clown dress each summer. After adding additional fennel, parsley, and dill plants, I counted growing numbers of puffy, segmented caterpillars chomping foliage. One memorable morning, I counted more than two score of these future butterflies gobbling fennel fronds.

Blessings require patience, so I waited—and waited—and waited to watch these caterpillars transition into pupas. 

Despite researching the process, I wasn’t sure how this worked. I didn’t understand how these insects moved from feasting grounds to the site where they’d morph into a neutral-colored chrysalis. This was a live and learn lesson. Then I waited through fall and winter before seeing butterflies emerge and fill the sky as temperatures warmed and yards greened.

Not every egg that made it to caterpillar stage survived transitioning to a butterfly. Despite those losses, vivid yellow and black swallowtails pirouetted above my front flowerbed that following spring. All that fennel, parsley, and dill multiplied as well, so the current homeowners will enjoy butterflies forever more.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2025/8/1756478831200.jpeg" alt="Caterpillars. Photo by Karen Madorin" />
 <figcaption>Caterpillars. Photo by Karen Madorin</figcaption>
 </figure>By KAREN MADORIN Hays PostKevin Costner’s character Ray in Field of Dreams listened to a mysterious voice repeating, “If you build it, they will come.” Against others’ advice, that farmer sacrificed a cornfield to construct a baseball diamond in the middle of Iowa farm country. If you watched this film, you know Shoeless Joe Jackson, members of the banned 1919 Black Sox team, and others show up to play some spirited baseball.I love that concept. If you listen to good advice and prepare, adventure begins. In my case, the result wasn’t mystical, but it was rewarding. An insect-loving biologist advised me to garden not only to produce food but also to support butterflies. I’d written previously about adding rows of dill and fennel to my garden. Through her encouragement, I took another step—I interspersed flowers and herbs.I planted fennel and dill amongst zinnias, larkspur, Indian blanket, bachelor buttons, and marigolds. Over the summer, a visitor would ask about that that ferny-looking stuff that smells like licorice.“That’s fennel.”Friends also remarked on dill thriving in that flowerbed.“ Yes, that’s dill. No, not making pickles. I’m growing butterflies.”“Butterflies?”Yes. Specifically, swallowtails. Their caterpillars devour dill, parsley, and fennel. Each spring either stunning yellow and black winged or black highlighted with blue and yellow winged creatures sipped nectar from lilacs, lilies, roses, and other summer blossoms. Then they mated and produced eggs. Because I followed my friend’s advice and planted to attract more brilliant-colored pollinators, I counted scores of funny looking caterpillars hatching from that summer’s efforts.When gardeners provide host plants, adult female swallowtails lay yellow eggs on the leaves. After incubating, these tiny deposits hatch into segmented creatures dressed in vivid green adorned by yellow, black, and white stripes, dots, and dashes. This developmental stage camouflages pillowy caterpillars from voracious birds, but humans can easily spot these summer residents munching lacy leaves. If you don’t see them, you’ll know they’re busy digesting when you notice healthy poopers dotting soil and landscape rocks beneath garden greenery.Before that year’s experiment, I was happy to see two or three ugly bugs in clown dress each summer. After adding additional fennel, parsley, and dill plants, I counted growing numbers of puffy, segmented caterpillars chomping foliage. One memorable morning, I counted more than two score of these future butterflies gobbling fennel fronds.Blessings require patience, so I waited—and waited—and waited to watch these caterpillars transition into pupas. Despite researching the process, I wasn’t sure how this worked. I didn’t understand how these insects moved from feasting grounds to the site where they’d morph into a neutral-colored chrysalis. This was a live and learn lesson. Then I waited through fall and winter before seeing butterflies emerge and fill the sky as temperatures warmed and yards greened.Not every egg that made it to caterpillar stage survived transitioning to a butterfly. Despite those losses, vivid yellow and black swallowtails pirouetted above my front flowerbed that following spring. All that fennel, parsley, and dill multiplied as well, so the current homeowners will enjoy butterflies forever more.Karen Madorin is a retired teacher, writer, photographer, outdoors lover, and sixth-generation Kansan.

MADORIN: If you plant it, they will come

By STEVE GILLILAND Explore Kansas Outdoors

Do you ever contemplate the things you’ve done that leave you wondering why you weren’t killed doing them? One such incident always comes to my mind this time of year.

Maybe I enjoy setting lines for catfish because it reminds me of trapping, which is my passion. Or, maybe I just like fresh catfish. 

Anyway, many years ago shortly after moving to Kansas, I went with my brother-in-law and some of his buddies to set bank lines for catfish on the Smoky Hill River near the little town of Bridgeport. 

It was to be an overnight trip, and we camped in an alfalfa field near the river. The “Smoky” was very high due to recent heavy rains to our north. The big channel and flathead catfish hide and wait for prey in deep holes around bends and beneath banks and high water brings them out to move around, so “bank liners” relish these occasional times of high water during the dog days of summer.

The plan was to set and bait lines late in the evening, then to check them around midnight and again at first light. One of the guys had borrowed a small aluminum boat and outboard motor, which barely held the five of us with lines, bait, etc. As high and swift as the river was running, the boat and motor were necessary as well as convenient.

As we set the lines, we looked for the aforementioned deep holes near the bank or under logs, with a tree limb or log on which to fasten a line. The lines were made of heavy cord like trotline, with large hooks tied onto one end. They were baited with live goldfish, lowered to the bottom, then tied onto a green springy branch or fastened with a rubber bungee cord to help keep a large fish from pulling the hook from its mouth. By nightfall, several lines were set, baited, and marked and the plan was on schedule.

Around midnight, after numerous campfire roasted hotdogs and very little sleep, we all piled into our tiny yacht and set off to check the lines, which were all downstream from camp. We motored beyond the farthest line, then turned and began to travel upstream against the current, but the boat soon stopped moving forward and started drifting backwards with the raging river. 

Someone grabbed the first passing limb and held on while the guy with the headlamp climbed to the back of the boat, jostling and rocking the tiny craft as he went. The motor was tilted from the water and inspected, but after finding nothing wrong, it was lowered into the water for another try and we were soon moving forward again. 

After a short distance, the problem reoccurred, this time with a much different outcome. As the motor was tilted from the water, an expletive or two informed us that the propeller, a major component in our forward movement, was missing from the motor. Our only option was to drift with the river until we reached a road where the boat could be beached and later retrieved by pickup. 

The night was still and very dark, and it was a quiet ride in more ways than one. Our man with the light was in front of the boat, and we could see raccoon eyes and other eerie sights as he panned back and forth along the bank. A heron scared the tar out of us all as it rose from the water just ahead. Finally the boat was beached beneath a bridge and retrieved by pickup after a long walk back to camp. The night had been an experience, but the real adventure, checking the lines on a boiling river with no motor, awaited us at first light.

As I remember, the August morning seemed to come earlier than most, and was clear, hot and steamy. The plan was to launch the boat upstream somewhere beyond the farthest&nbsp;line, then attempt to reach each one as we steamed past with the current.

&nbsp;With either the bravery of crusaders or the ignorance of youth, we were soon off and bouncing on the rolling river. The fellow with the sharpest eyes was up front, and as he saw each bank line approaching, the rest of us paddled like slaves to reach shore. Someone would grab hold of anything available and attempt to hold the boat, while the line was checked and retrieved, then the “anchorman” would release us to be swept on to the next one. 

The closest call came in the form of a huge cottonwood tree, totally intact with green leaves and all, lying across the river ahead. Despite our valiant paddling, the current sent us squarely through the middle of the tree, and as forward movement ceased, the seething river snapped the boat sideways and began to roll it over. We must have looked like monkeys in a mango tree as we all scrambled to break branches and get our little war canoe righted again! 

Then once more, whether by bravery or by ignorance, we were soon free and moving. Huck Finn would have been proud! The rest of the trip must have been reasonably docile, because the next memories I have are all about helping clean several nice channel cats and a couple respectable flathead catfish.

I’m pretty sure all of us can look back today and agree that this adventure was ill advised. Someone has said, “A good scare is worth more to a man than good advice.” Today, I would opt for the good advice, but back then those thoughts were probably trumped by each bite of fresh catfish.

Steve can be contacted by email at stevenrgilliland@gmail.com.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574696211722.png" alt="Steve Gilliland. Courtesy photo" />
 <figcaption>Steve Gilliland. Courtesy photo</figcaption>
 </figure>By STEVE GILLILAND Explore Kansas OutdoorsDo you ever contemplate the things you’ve done that leave you wondering why you weren’t killed doing them? One such incident always comes to my mind this time of year.Maybe I enjoy setting lines for catfish because it reminds me of trapping, which is my passion. Or, maybe I just like fresh catfish. Anyway, many years ago shortly after moving to Kansas, I went with my brother-in-law and some of his buddies to set bank lines for catfish on the Smoky Hill River near the little town of Bridgeport. It was to be an overnight trip, and we camped in an alfalfa field near the river. The “Smoky” was very high due to recent heavy rains to our north. The big channel and flathead catfish hide and wait for prey in deep holes around bends and beneath banks and high water brings them out to move around, so “bank liners” relish these occasional times of high water during the dog days of summer.The plan was to set and bait lines late in the evening, then to check them around midnight and again at first light. One of the guys had borrowed a small aluminum boat and outboard motor, which barely held the five of us with lines, bait, etc. As high and swift as the river was running, the boat and motor were necessary as well as convenient.As we set the lines, we looked for the aforementioned deep holes near the bank or under logs, with a tree limb or log on which to fasten a line. The lines were made of heavy cord like trotline, with large hooks tied onto one end. They were baited with live goldfish, lowered to the bottom, then tied onto a green springy branch or fastened with a rubber bungee cord to help keep a large fish from pulling the hook from its mouth. By nightfall, several lines were set, baited, and marked and the plan was on schedule.Around midnight, after numerous campfire roasted hotdogs and very little sleep, we all piled into our tiny yacht and set off to check the lines, which were all downstream from camp. We motored beyond the farthest line, then turned and began to travel upstream against the current, but the boat soon stopped moving forward and started drifting backwards with the raging river. Someone grabbed the first passing limb and held on while the guy with the headlamp climbed to the back of the boat, jostling and rocking the tiny craft as he went. The motor was tilted from the water and inspected, but after finding nothing wrong, it was lowered into the water for another try and we were soon moving forward again. After a short distance, the problem reoccurred, this time with a much different outcome. As the motor was tilted from the water, an expletive or two informed us that the propeller, a major component in our forward movement, was missing from the motor. Our only option was to drift with the river until we reached a road where the boat could be beached and later retrieved by pickup. The night was still and very dark, and it was a quiet ride in more ways than one. Our man with the light was in front of the boat, and we could see raccoon eyes and other eerie sights as he panned back and forth along the bank. A heron scared the tar out of us all as it rose from the water just ahead. Finally the boat was beached beneath a bridge and retrieved by pickup after a long walk back to camp. The night had been an experience, but the real adventure, checking the lines on a boiling river with no motor, awaited us at first light.As I remember, the August morning seemed to come earlier than most, and was clear, hot and steamy. The plan was to launch the boat upstream somewhere beyond the farthest&nbsp;line, then attempt to reach each one as we steamed past with the current.&nbsp;With either the bravery of crusaders or the ignorance of youth, we were soon off and bouncing on the rolling river. The fellow with the sharpest eyes was up front, and as he saw each bank line approaching, the rest of us paddled like slaves to reach shore. Someone would grab hold of anything available and attempt to hold the boat, while the line was checked and retrieved, then the “anchorman” would release us to be swept on to the next one. The closest call came in the form of a huge cottonwood tree, totally intact with green leaves and all, lying across the river ahead. Despite our valiant paddling, the current sent us squarely through the middle of the tree, and as forward movement ceased, the seething river snapped the boat sideways and began to roll it over. We must have looked like monkeys in a mango tree as we all scrambled to break branches and get our little war canoe righted again! Then once more, whether by bravery or by ignorance, we were soon free and moving. Huck Finn would have been proud! The rest of the trip must have been reasonably docile, because the next memories I have are all about helping clean several nice channel cats and a couple respectable flathead catfish.I’m pretty sure all of us can look back today and agree that this adventure was ill advised. Someone has said, “A good scare is worth more to a man than good advice.” Today, I would opt for the good advice, but back then those thoughts were probably trumped by each bite of fresh catfish.Continue to Explore Kansas Outdoors.Steve can be contacted by email at stevenrgilliland@gmail.com.

Explore Kansas Outdoors: The case of the missing propeller

By RUSSELL ARBEN FOX Insight Kansas

Three weeks ago, President Trump&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/08/restoring-law-and-order-in-the-district-of-columbia/">declared that</a>&nbsp;“the District of Columbia has lost control of public order and safety,” and ordered armed troops into the streets of Washington, D.C. to fight crime. His&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2025/08/11/us/politics/trump-washington-dc-police.html">additional comments</a>--that the nation’s capital is filled with “violent gangs and bloodthirsty criminals, roving mobs of wild youth, drugged-out maniacs, and homeless people”—were all&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2025/08/12/us/politics/trump-dc-crime-data-fact-check.html">basically</a>&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://time.com/7309133/dc-crime-stats-trump-national-guard/">untrue</a>; Washington, D.C. is actually experiencing&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.justice.gov/usao-dc/pr/violent-crime-dc-hits-30-year-low">lower crime rates</a>&nbsp;than it has in decades.

But my primary interest here is more local than that.

At the time he spoke,&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_crime_rate">the FBI listed</a>&nbsp;the District of Columbia as the 29th&nbsp;most violent city in the U.S., with an average of 926 violent crimes per each 100,000 residents. That’s above the national average—but also well below Kansas City, KS, which the FBI ranked 21st, with an average of 1047 violent crimes per 100,000 people. (Kansas City, MO, is ranked higher still.)

So…could Trump invoke emergency authority to send troops into Kansas City? After all, KCK has seen&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.kcur.org/news/2025-08-26/kansas-city-kansas-police-officer-killed-after-allegedly-being-struck-by-fleeing-car">two law enforcement officers killed just this past summer</a>, and the its police department has&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://hayspost.com/posts/859572dd-270c-40ea-a011-6fe7a50392a4">a sad legacy of corruption</a>. Maybe the Unified Government of Wyandotte County has “lost control” as well?

My response to this speculation is: highly unlikely, but unfortunately, not impossible.

President Trump likes declaring emergencies (<a target="_blank" href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2025/08/22/us/politics/trump-emergency-immigration-tariffs-crime.html">ten so far in his first seven months in office</a>), which at least in his mind allows him to take action without supporting legislation from Congress.

When he’s done this to federalize National Guard troops and use them for domestic enforcement purposes without any request from the state’s governor—as he did&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.npr.org/2025/06/10/nx-s1-5428071/los-angeles-protests-national-guard-presidential-powers">when ICE agents faced public opposition in Los Angeles</a>—it&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-reports/what-know-about-los-angeles-military-deployment">likely violated</a>&nbsp;the&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posse_Comitatus_Act">Posse Comitatus Act</a>&nbsp;(and possibly the Declaration of Independence—which condemned King George III for imposing “Standing Armies without the Consent of our legislatures”—and the 10th&nbsp;Amendment—which stipulates that powers not specifically mentioned in the Constitution are “reserved to the States”—as well).

Much of this doesn’t apply to Washington, D.C.; it’s a federal district, not a city within a state, and consequently the president has&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/49-409">complete control</a>&nbsp;over its National Guard (though&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/analysis-opinion/one-week-trumps-dc-takeover-attempt">constitutional questions remain</a>). Still, it is relatively clear that were President Trump to do what he did in DC in KCK (or more broadly), beginning with federalizing the Kansas National Guard, he would be on very shaky ground legally, assuming Governor Kelly hadn’t contacted him for help.

Lately though, it’s been clear that political interests often trump (pun intended) the law. The cities that Trump has mentioned sending&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.cnn.com/2025/08/25/politics/trump-executive-order-national-guard-units-crime">specialized military units</a>&nbsp;into are Democratic-leaning cities in mostly Democratic states:&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2025/08/23/trump-chicago-military-national-guard/">Chicago, IL</a>,&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/newyork/news/president-trump-national-guard-nyc-gov-kathy-hochul-response/">New York, NY</a>,&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/trump-expands-targets-for-possible-military-deployment-to-more-democratic-led-cities">Baltimore, MD</a>, etc.

Kansas, of course, is not mostly Democratic. But Wyandotte County is—having elected Sharice Davids, Kansas’s lone Democratic Congressperson, four times in a row—and Kansas City, MO, is even more so. And Trump has been pretty explicit about seeking to&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://missouriindependent.com/2025/08/21/missouri-gop-leader-says-lawmakers-will-start-with-a-congressional-map-drawn-in-d-c/">change the prevailing politics</a>&nbsp;in the Kansas City area.

So could Trump’s desire to turn up the heat on urban areas that have pushed back against his policies (as&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.kcur.org/news/2025-06-14/kansas-city-no-kings-protest-trump-administration-immigration-courts-executive">Kansas City definitely has</a>), and put pressure on their internal political dynamics and boundaries, extend to the KC metro region?

Kelly would surely rather avoid a fight with the president—<a target="_blank" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newsom_v._Trump">unlike California Governor Gavin Newsom</a>—but I’m also sure that, absent a truly unprecedented emergency, she’d deny him access to Kansas’s National Guard. How would the Republican supermajority in Topeka—led by representatives&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://kansasreflector.com/2025/07/20/kansas-senate-president-ty-masterson-launches-republican-campaign-for-governor/">strongly</a>&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://kansasreflector.com/2025/05/13/kansas-house-speaker-launches-campaign-for-insurance-commissioner-with-pro-trump-rhetoric-1/">supportive</a>&nbsp;of President Trump’s policies—respond to that?

Dr. Russell Arben Fox teaches politics at Friends University in Wichita.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2025/6/1750955074364.jpeg" alt="Russell Arben Fox&nbsp;&nbsp;teaches politics at Friends University in Wichita. Courtesy photo" />
 <figcaption>Russell Arben Fox&nbsp;&nbsp;teaches politics at Friends University in Wichita. Courtesy photo</figcaption>
 </figure>By RUSSELL ARBEN FOX Insight KansasThree weeks ago, President Trump&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/08/restoring-law-and-order-in-the-district-of-columbia/">declared that</a>&nbsp;“the District of Columbia has lost control of public order and safety,” and ordered armed troops into the streets of Washington, D.C. to fight crime. His&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2025/08/11/us/politics/trump-washington-dc-police.html">additional comments</a>--that the nation’s capital is filled with “violent gangs and bloodthirsty criminals, roving mobs of wild youth, drugged-out maniacs, and homeless people”—were all&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2025/08/12/us/politics/trump-dc-crime-data-fact-check.html">basically</a>&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://time.com/7309133/dc-crime-stats-trump-national-guard/">untrue</a>; Washington, D.C. is actually experiencing&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.justice.gov/usao-dc/pr/violent-crime-dc-hits-30-year-low">lower crime rates</a>&nbsp;than it has in decades. But my primary interest here is more local than that.At the time he spoke,&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_crime_rate">the FBI listed</a>&nbsp;the District of Columbia as the 29th&nbsp;most violent city in the U.S., with an average of 926 violent crimes per each 100,000 residents. That’s above the national average—but also well below Kansas City, KS, which the FBI ranked 21st, with an average of 1047 violent crimes per 100,000 people. (Kansas City, MO, is ranked higher still.)So…could Trump invoke emergency authority to send troops into Kansas City? After all, KCK has seen&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.kcur.org/news/2025-08-26/kansas-city-kansas-police-officer-killed-after-allegedly-being-struck-by-fleeing-car">two law enforcement officers killed just this past summer</a>, and the its police department has&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://hayspost.com/posts/859572dd-270c-40ea-a011-6fe7a50392a4">a sad legacy of corruption</a>. Maybe the Unified Government of Wyandotte County has “lost control” as well?My response to this speculation is: highly unlikely, but unfortunately, not impossible.President Trump likes declaring emergencies (<a target="_blank" href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2025/08/22/us/politics/trump-emergency-immigration-tariffs-crime.html">ten so far in his first seven months in office</a>), which at least in his mind allows him to take action without supporting legislation from Congress. When he’s done this to federalize National Guard troops and use them for domestic enforcement purposes without any request from the state’s governor—as he did&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.npr.org/2025/06/10/nx-s1-5428071/los-angeles-protests-national-guard-presidential-powers">when ICE agents faced public opposition in Los Angeles</a>—it&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-reports/what-know-about-los-angeles-military-deployment">likely violated</a>&nbsp;the&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posse_Comitatus_Act">Posse Comitatus Act</a>&nbsp;(and possibly the Declaration of Independence—which condemned King George III for imposing “Standing Armies without the Consent of our legislatures”—and the 10th&nbsp;Amendment—which stipulates that powers not specifically mentioned in the Constitution are “reserved to the States”—as well).Much of this doesn’t apply to Washington, D.C.; it’s a federal district, not a city within a state, and consequently the president has&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/49-409">complete control</a>&nbsp;over its National Guard (though&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/analysis-opinion/one-week-trumps-dc-takeover-attempt">constitutional questions remain</a>). Still, it is relatively clear that were President Trump to do what he did in DC in KCK (or more broadly), beginning with federalizing the Kansas National Guard, he would be on very shaky ground legally, assuming Governor Kelly hadn’t contacted him for help.Lately though, it’s been clear that political interests often trump (pun intended) the law. The cities that Trump has mentioned sending&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.cnn.com/2025/08/25/politics/trump-executive-order-national-guard-units-crime">specialized military units</a>&nbsp;into are Democratic-leaning cities in mostly Democratic states:&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2025/08/23/trump-chicago-military-national-guard/">Chicago, IL</a>,&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/newyork/news/president-trump-national-guard-nyc-gov-kathy-hochul-response/">New York, NY</a>,&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/trump-expands-targets-for-possible-military-deployment-to-more-democratic-led-cities">Baltimore, MD</a>, etc. Kansas, of course, is not mostly Democratic. But Wyandotte County is—having elected Sharice Davids, Kansas’s lone Democratic Congressperson, four times in a row—and Kansas City, MO, is even more so. And Trump has been pretty explicit about seeking to&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://missouriindependent.com/2025/08/21/missouri-gop-leader-says-lawmakers-will-start-with-a-congressional-map-drawn-in-d-c/">change the prevailing politics</a>&nbsp;in the Kansas City area.So could Trump’s desire to turn up the heat on urban areas that have pushed back against his policies (as&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.kcur.org/news/2025-06-14/kansas-city-no-kings-protest-trump-administration-immigration-courts-executive">Kansas City definitely has</a>), and put pressure on their internal political dynamics and boundaries, extend to the KC metro region? Kelly would surely rather avoid a fight with the president—<a target="_blank" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newsom_v._Trump">unlike California Governor Gavin Newsom</a>—but I’m also sure that, absent a truly unprecedented emergency, she’d deny him access to Kansas’s National Guard. How would the Republican supermajority in Topeka—led by representatives&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://kansasreflector.com/2025/07/20/kansas-senate-president-ty-masterson-launches-republican-campaign-for-governor/">strongly</a>&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://kansasreflector.com/2025/05/13/kansas-house-speaker-launches-campaign-for-insurance-commissioner-with-pro-trump-rhetoric-1/">supportive</a>&nbsp;of President Trump’s policies—respond to that?Let’s keep hoping we never find out.Dr. Russell Arben Fox teaches politics at Friends University in Wichita.

Insight Kansas: Could President Trump take over policing in Wyandotte County?

By TISA MASON Fort Hays State University President

What inspires me, as the president of Fort Hays State University, is the impact of our students, faculty, and staff. What I love about Elle Hutchinson’s story is how it embodies the essential traits we relish at FHSU. Elle is a determined contender, an inspired innovator, and a caring individual. Elle’s journey in higher education has been nothing short of remarkable.

Elle shared that Fort Hays State University (FHSU) was the perfect fit for her when choosing a university. Growing up near Hays and engaging with FHSU alumni allowed her to appreciate the institution's value. Elle shared with me that the decision was ultimately grounded in affordability, the transferability of her credits from Barton Community College (BCC), and her desire to remain close to family.

Elle graduated with her associate’s degree from BCC, graduating with highest honors, just a week before she walked across the stage at Great Bend High School, a unique achievement that pushed the boundaries of what she thought was possible.

Like FHSU, BCC is very student-focused. When the leadership at BCC learned about Elle pursuing her high school diploma and her associate's degree simultaneously, they worked with Elle to create and promote a program designed to facilitate an academic pathway for other high school students. That spirit of innovation, of always blazing a new path, is precisely what FHSU is all about.

The challenge of pursuing two degrees simultaneously truly motivated Elle. She wanted to challenge herself, push beyond conventional boundaries, and set an exemplary trajectory for her educational experience. Hearing how other high school students benefited from the initiative Elle helped establish strengthened her resolve and motivated her to keep moving forward.

Managing coursework from two institutions (Great Bend High School and BCC) came with several obstacles. “I encountered skepticism from peers and guidance counselors who doubted my ability to succeed. However, this motivated me to seek assistance from those who believed in my potential. I found that surrounding myself with encouraging support systems was crucial.”

Maintaining balance among the demands of work, academics, and personal life is another skill Elle developed. Balancing her commitments meant focusing weekdays primarily on work and studies. This sometimes involved finding creative ways to integrate schoolwork into her social time, ensuring she could enjoy life while fulfilling her responsibilities. Through it all, Elle’s priority was always to remain close to family and friends.

Elle carried that philosophy with her to FHSU, where she served on the Student Government Association, holding several leadership roles, and as a student assistant in the Office of Student Fiscal Services. While at FHSU, she majored in Business Education – Corporate Communications. She chose this major for its versatility in the real world, plus its helpfulness in pursuing a legal career.

“Law has long been a field I aspired to enter, primarily due to its versatility and my passion for helping others. An attorney can do almost anything; they are not confined to just practicing law. Additionally, there is a lot of variety within the practice of law,” Elle shared

Elle is interested in agricultural law. Last summer, she interned at Bauer &amp; Pike Law Firm in Great Bend, which solidified her interest in the legal field and introduced her to the complexity and balance built into our legal system. She also benefited greatly from this real-world learning experience and from the dedicated mentorship she received.

Another pivotal experience for Elle was her employment as a student worker in the Student Fiscal Services office at FHSU. “I engaged with a team that shared professional guidance, and we became lifelong friends.” Working in Student Fiscal Services opened Ellie’s eyes to the available financial resources available to help keep the Fort Hays State experience affordable. She learned about many different scholarships that helped reduce the cost of tuition for her at FHSU. She also gained a heightened awareness of the financial resources that exist to make the next step in her academic career, law school, more affordable.

Staying focused on her academic and career goals often required establishing a balance in the demands for her time to ensure she still maintained a social life, which always remained important to her. “I believe that healthy interaction with friends can enhance productivity. Though I prioritized homework, I ensured that I scheduled social activities to maintain my mental health. This kept me motivated. There were many times when I had to make a tough decision to stay in and study rather than go out. You have to be willing to make sacrifices.”

Elle credits her achievements to her family. “They supported me through the good, the bad, and the ugly. I cannot imagine trying to do all of this without such amazing parents, support systems, and role models.”

Elle credits her remarkable success to her father, Shawn Hutchinson; her mother, Jamie Hutchinson; her BCC advisor, Karen Kratzer; the student fiscal services staff; and Dr. Wendy Rohleder-Sook, FHSU chairman of the department of communication studies, law, and political science. She is also grateful for the mentorship of Judge Charles Pike (Great Bend Municipal judge) and Julie Carroll, attorneys at the Bauer and Pike Law firm, where she interned last summer.

With her current studies completed, including a FHSU bachelor's degree earned with honors, she is taking a gap year before pursuing law school. In the interim, she is working in her family-owned small business, Satellite Pros &amp; Central Plains Security, and has recently accepted a position as a media consultant for Barton County.

As we celebrate Elle’s achievements, let us also recognize the spirit of those who support our students, from faculty to family. Together, we forge paths for the future, inspired by stories like Elle’s that remind us of the impact we can have in our communities. 

Here’s to Elle and all our students who strive for greatness, shaped by their experiences and determination, while driven to serve the greater good!

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2025/8/1756390432923.jpeg" alt="Elle Hutchinson. Photo courtesy Fort Hays State University" />
 <figcaption>Elle Hutchinson. Photo courtesy Fort Hays State University</figcaption>
 </figure>By TISA MASON Fort Hays State University PresidentWhat inspires me, as the president of Fort Hays State University, is the impact of our students, faculty, and staff. What I love about Elle Hutchinson’s story is how it embodies the essential traits we relish at FHSU. Elle is a determined contender, an inspired innovator, and a caring individual. Elle’s journey in higher education has been nothing short of remarkable.Elle shared that Fort Hays State University (FHSU) was the perfect fit for her when choosing a university. Growing up near Hays and engaging with FHSU alumni allowed her to appreciate the institution's value. Elle shared with me that the decision was ultimately grounded in affordability, the transferability of her credits from Barton Community College (BCC), and her desire to remain close to family.Elle graduated with her associate’s degree from BCC, graduating with highest honors, just a week before she walked across the stage at Great Bend High School, a unique achievement that pushed the boundaries of what she thought was possible.Like FHSU, BCC is very student-focused. When the leadership at BCC learned about Elle pursuing her high school diploma and her associate's degree simultaneously, they worked with Elle to create and promote a program designed to facilitate an academic pathway for other high school students. That spirit of innovation, of always blazing a new path, is precisely what FHSU is all about.The challenge of pursuing two degrees simultaneously truly motivated Elle. She wanted to challenge herself, push beyond conventional boundaries, and set an exemplary trajectory for her educational experience. Hearing how other high school students benefited from the initiative Elle helped establish strengthened her resolve and motivated her to keep moving forward.Managing coursework from two institutions (Great Bend High School and BCC) came with several obstacles. “I encountered skepticism from peers and guidance counselors who doubted my ability to succeed. However, this motivated me to seek assistance from those who believed in my potential. I found that surrounding myself with encouraging support systems was crucial.”Maintaining balance among the demands of work, academics, and personal life is another skill Elle developed. Balancing her commitments meant focusing weekdays primarily on work and studies. This sometimes involved finding creative ways to integrate schoolwork into her social time, ensuring she could enjoy life while fulfilling her responsibilities. Through it all, Elle’s priority was always to remain close to family and friends.Elle carried that philosophy with her to FHSU, where she served on the Student Government Association, holding several leadership roles, and as a student assistant in the Office of Student Fiscal Services. While at FHSU, she majored in Business Education – Corporate Communications. She chose this major for its versatility in the real world, plus its helpfulness in pursuing a legal career.“Law has long been a field I aspired to enter, primarily due to its versatility and my passion for helping others. An attorney can do almost anything; they are not confined to just practicing law. Additionally, there is a lot of variety within the practice of law,” Elle sharedElle is interested in agricultural law. Last summer, she interned at Bauer &amp; Pike Law Firm in Great Bend, which solidified her interest in the legal field and introduced her to the complexity and balance built into our legal system. She also benefited greatly from this real-world learning experience and from the dedicated mentorship she received.Another pivotal experience for Elle was her employment as a student worker in the Student Fiscal Services office at FHSU. “I engaged with a team that shared professional guidance, and we became lifelong friends.” Working in Student Fiscal Services opened Ellie’s eyes to the available financial resources available to help keep the Fort Hays State experience affordable. She learned about many different scholarships that helped reduce the cost of tuition for her at FHSU. She also gained a heightened awareness of the financial resources that exist to make the next step in her academic career, law school, more affordable.Staying focused on her academic and career goals often required establishing a balance in the demands for her time to ensure she still maintained a social life, which always remained important to her. “I believe that healthy interaction with friends can enhance productivity. Though I prioritized homework, I ensured that I scheduled social activities to maintain my mental health. This kept me motivated. There were many times when I had to make a tough decision to stay in and study rather than go out. You have to be willing to make sacrifices.”Elle credits her achievements to her family. “They supported me through the good, the bad, and the ugly. I cannot imagine trying to do all of this without such amazing parents, support systems, and role models.”Elle credits her remarkable success to her father, Shawn Hutchinson; her mother, Jamie Hutchinson; her BCC advisor, Karen Kratzer; the student fiscal services staff; and Dr. Wendy Rohleder-Sook, FHSU chairman of the department of communication studies, law, and political science. She is also grateful for the mentorship of Judge Charles Pike (Great Bend Municipal judge) and Julie Carroll, attorneys at the Bauer and Pike Law firm, where she interned last summer.With her current studies completed, including a FHSU bachelor's degree earned with honors, she is taking a gap year before pursuing law school. In the interim, she is working in her family-owned small business, Satellite Pros &amp; Central Plains Security, and has recently accepted a position as a media consultant for Barton County.As we celebrate Elle’s achievements, let us also recognize the spirit of those who support our students, from faculty to family. Together, we forge paths for the future, inspired by stories like Elle’s that remind us of the impact we can have in our communities. Here’s to Elle and all our students who strive for greatness, shaped by their experiences and determination, while driven to serve the greater good!

MADORIN: Late summer dream come true

Well, yet another birthday has come and gone. 

It seems that since I’ve turned 70, my “check engine light” has come on and refuses to go out. It flickers on and off occasionally, but never goes completely off. 

Don’t get me wrong, at 74, I’m blessed more than many, and I praise God for that, but it seems like I daily feel like the proverbial “old fisherman,” and I’ve devised a questionnaire so you can see if you too fit into that category. 

You’re probably an old fisherman if you still smell like Ben Gay even after you’ve cleaned your fish.

If you waste countless hours of prime fishing time reeling and casting, reeling and casting, because you can’t remember whether or not you just re-baited your hook, you’re probably an old fisherman.

If, after reaching quickly under the boat seat for the dip net, you’ve found yourself holding your cane instead, you’re probably an old fisherman.

If you have ever started to hold the line between your teeth only to discover you’ve left your teeth at home at home, you’re probably an old fisherman.

If removing that occasional fishbone from your teeth can now be accomplished by removing your teeth and tapping them on the table, you just might be an old fisherman.

If your shore lunch now includes a tall, cool thermos of Metamucil and a box of prunes, you’re probably an old fisherman.

If your fishing buddies are now more than happy to take you along to their secret “honey holes” because they are confident you’ll never remember where you were anyway, you’re probably an old fisherman.

You’re probably an old fisherman if your wife now begs to go fishing with you because she’s afraid you’ll forget your way back home (you should feel lucky she wants you back home).

You’re probably an old fisherman if your favorite fishing chair is now one of those fancy walkers with a seat on it, and you are relegated to fishing from the boat dock because that’s the only place level enough to park it, or if you recently removed a seat from your boat to make room for your walker.

You just might be an old fisherman, if to you, the letters GPS mean Gotta’ Pee Soon.

It’s easy for anyone to drive off with their coffee cup sitting on the roof or the bumper of the pickup, but if you have gotten to the lake and turned around to back your boat down the boat ramp only to discover the boat was still parked in the driveway at home, you’re an old fisherman.

And finally, I’m sure you’re an old fisherman if your eyesight has gotten so dim that you now haul home all the carp you catch because you mistake them for trophy bass.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574696211722.png" alt="Steve Gilliland. Courtesy photo" />
 <figcaption>Steve Gilliland. Courtesy photo</figcaption>
 </figure>By STEVE GILLILAND Explore Kansas OutdoorsWell, yet another birthday has come and gone. It seems that since I’ve turned 70, my “check engine light” has come on and refuses to go out. It flickers on and off occasionally, but never goes completely off. Don’t get me wrong, at 74, I’m blessed more than many, and I praise God for that, but it seems like I daily feel like the proverbial “old fisherman,” and I’ve devised a questionnaire so you can see if you too fit into that category. So take the test:You’re probably an old fisherman if you still smell like Ben Gay even after you’ve cleaned your fish.If you waste countless hours of prime fishing time reeling and casting, reeling and casting, because you can’t remember whether or not you just re-baited your hook, you’re probably an old fisherman.If, after reaching quickly under the boat seat for the dip net, you’ve found yourself holding your cane instead, you’re probably an old fisherman.If you have ever started to hold the line between your teeth only to discover you’ve left your teeth at home at home, you’re probably an old fisherman.If removing that occasional fishbone from your teeth can now be accomplished by removing your teeth and tapping them on the table, you just might be an old fisherman.If your shore lunch now includes a tall, cool thermos of Metamucil and a box of prunes, you’re probably an old fisherman.If your fishing buddies are now more than happy to take you along to their secret “honey holes” because they are confident you’ll never remember where you were anyway, you’re probably an old fisherman.You’re probably an old fisherman if your wife now begs to go fishing with you because she’s afraid you’ll forget your way back home (you should feel lucky she wants you back home).You’re probably an old fisherman if your favorite fishing chair is now one of those fancy walkers with a seat on it, and you are relegated to fishing from the boat dock because that’s the only place level enough to park it, or if you recently removed a seat from your boat to make room for your walker.You just might be an old fisherman, if to you, the letters GPS mean Gotta’ Pee Soon.It’s easy for anyone to drive off with their coffee cup sitting on the roof or the bumper of the pickup, but if you have gotten to the lake and turned around to back your boat down the boat ramp only to discover the boat was still parked in the driveway at home, you’re an old fisherman.And finally, I’m sure you’re an old fisherman if your eyesight has gotten so dim that you now haul home all the carp you catch because you mistake them for trophy bass.Continue to Explore Kansas Outdoors!Steve can be contacted by email at stevenrgilliland@gmail.com.

Explore Kansas Outdoors: Are you an old fisherman? Take the test

By ALEXANDRA MIDDLEWOOD Insight Kansas

For more than 160 years, mail-in voting has been a fixture of American democracy—especially in Kansas. 

During the Civil War, Union soldiers stationed far from home were granted the right to vote by mail, a practice that laid the foundation for absentee voting as we know it. Kansas, in fact, was among the earliest adopters of mail-in voting for non-military, allowing railroad workers to vote absentee as early as 1901.

Today, however, that legacy is under pressure. 

Starting in 2026, Kansas voters will face one of the shortest mail-in voting windows in the country. A new law, passed by the Republican-majority legislature, eliminated the three-day grace period that previously allowed ballots postmarked by Election Day to be counted if they arrived shortly after. Now, all mail ballots must be received by 7 p.m. on Election Day to be valid.

Supporters of the change argue it will increase confidence in election results by ensuring a uniform deadline. Critics, however, see it as a step backward—one that risks disenfranchising rural voters, seniors, and college students who rely on the mail to participate in elections.

The grace period, enacted in 2017, was a bipartisan response to slow postal delivery, especially in rural areas. 

Data from the Kansas Secretary of State’s office shows that in the 2024 election, about 2,800 ballots arrived after Election Day. Of those, only about 75% of those were counted, with the remainder rejected due to missing postmarks or arriving beyond the grace period deadline. 

The impact was even more pronounced in the 2024 primary, when approximately 1,000 Kansans (2% of voters) were effectively disenfranchised. Their ballots, mailed on time, failed to reach election offices by the cutoff and were discarded, despite voters having followed the rules. At first glance, 2% might seem insignificant, but it’s more than enough to sway an election. In fact, it is far larger than the margin of victory in the 2018 Republican gubernatorial primary and comes close to the margin in the 2022 general election for governor.

These numbers underscore the real-world consequences of tightening mail-in voting rules, especially for voters who do everything right but are let down by slow delivery. 

Yet despite these setbacks, the push to restrict mail-in voting continues to gain traction nationally, often driven by voices that have repeatedly cast doubt on democratic institutions—frequently under the guise of protecting election integrity. President Trump recently vowed to “lead a movement” to end mail-in ballots ahead of the 2026 midterms, describing them as “corrupt” and alleging “massive fraud”—despite lack of evidence to support these claims. These remarks echo long-standing skepticism towards mail voting, even as courts, election officials, and independent experts continue to affirm security and reliability. 

The push to restrict mail-in voting is not new, but its intensity has escalated, placing states like Kansas at the center of the national conversation about access, trust, and the future of democratic participation.

Kansans themselves appear to support keeping mail-in voting accessible. According to the 2024 Kansas Speaks survey conducted by the Docking Institute of Public Affairs at Fort Hays State&nbsp;University, a minority of respondents (23%) expressed support for ending mail-in voting options. Even fewer (11.6%) think voter fraud is a routine problem in Kansas.

The move to curtail mail-in voting in Kansas is not just a policy change—it’s a philosophical one. It signals a departure from a long-standing tradition of making voting easier for those who cannot be physically present at the polls. From Civil War soldiers to modern-day students and retirees, mail-in voting has served as a vital tool for civic participation.

As the 2026 midterms approach and calls to eliminate mail-in ballots echo from the nation’s capitol, Kansans—both voters and lawmakers alike—face a pivotal choice: whether to uphold a long-standing democratic tradition or allow it to be quietly dismantled.

The debate is not merely about deadlines and delivery speeds, it’s about the kind of democracy Kansans want to preserve. Will it be one that adapts to the needs of its citizens, or one that narrows the path to the ballot box?

In the end, the question isn’t whether mail-in voting is convenient. It’s whether it’s essential. History suggests it is.&nbsp;

Alexandra Middlewood, PhD, is an associate professor and chair of the Political Science Department at Wichita State University.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2025/2/1740007073583.jpeg" alt="Alexandra Middlewood&nbsp;is an associate professor and chair of the Political Science Department at Wichita State University. Courtesy photo&nbsp;" />
 <figcaption>Alexandra Middlewood&nbsp;is an associate professor and chair of the Political Science Department at Wichita State University. Courtesy photo&nbsp;</figcaption>
 </figure>By ALEXANDRA MIDDLEWOOD Insight KansasFor more than 160 years, mail-in voting has been a fixture of American democracy—especially in Kansas. During the Civil War, Union soldiers stationed far from home were granted the right to vote by mail, a practice that laid the foundation for absentee voting as we know it. Kansas, in fact, was among the earliest adopters of mail-in voting for non-military, allowing railroad workers to vote absentee as early as 1901.Today, however, that legacy is under pressure. Starting in 2026, Kansas voters will face one of the shortest mail-in voting windows in the country. A new law, passed by the Republican-majority legislature, eliminated the three-day grace period that previously allowed ballots postmarked by Election Day to be counted if they arrived shortly after. Now, all mail ballots must be received by 7 p.m. on Election Day to be valid.Supporters of the change argue it will increase confidence in election results by ensuring a uniform deadline. Critics, however, see it as a step backward—one that risks disenfranchising rural voters, seniors, and college students who rely on the mail to participate in elections.The grace period, enacted in 2017, was a bipartisan response to slow postal delivery, especially in rural areas. Data from the Kansas Secretary of State’s office shows that in the 2024 election, about 2,800 ballots arrived after Election Day. Of those, only about 75% of those were counted, with the remainder rejected due to missing postmarks or arriving beyond the grace period deadline. The impact was even more pronounced in the 2024 primary, when approximately 1,000 Kansans (2% of voters) were effectively disenfranchised. Their ballots, mailed on time, failed to reach election offices by the cutoff and were discarded, despite voters having followed the rules. At first glance, 2% might seem insignificant, but it’s more than enough to sway an election. In fact, it is far larger than the margin of victory in the 2018 Republican gubernatorial primary and comes close to the margin in the 2022 general election for governor.These numbers underscore the real-world consequences of tightening mail-in voting rules, especially for voters who do everything right but are let down by slow delivery. Yet despite these setbacks, the push to restrict mail-in voting continues to gain traction nationally, often driven by voices that have repeatedly cast doubt on democratic institutions—frequently under the guise of protecting election integrity. President Trump recently vowed to “lead a movement” to end mail-in ballots ahead of the 2026 midterms, describing them as “corrupt” and alleging “massive fraud”—despite lack of evidence to support these claims. These remarks echo long-standing skepticism towards mail voting, even as courts, election officials, and independent experts continue to affirm security and reliability. The push to restrict mail-in voting is not new, but its intensity has escalated, placing states like Kansas at the center of the national conversation about access, trust, and the future of democratic participation.Kansans themselves appear to support keeping mail-in voting accessible. According to the 2024 Kansas Speaks survey conducted by the Docking Institute of Public Affairs at Fort Hays State&nbsp;University, a minority of respondents (23%) expressed support for ending mail-in voting options. Even fewer (11.6%) think voter fraud is a routine problem in Kansas.The move to curtail mail-in voting in Kansas is not just a policy change—it’s a philosophical one. It signals a departure from a long-standing tradition of making voting easier for those who cannot be physically present at the polls. From Civil War soldiers to modern-day students and retirees, mail-in voting has served as a vital tool for civic participation.As the 2026 midterms approach and calls to eliminate mail-in ballots echo from the nation’s capitol, Kansans—both voters and lawmakers alike—face a pivotal choice: whether to uphold a long-standing democratic tradition or allow it to be quietly dismantled.The debate is not merely about deadlines and delivery speeds, it’s about the kind of democracy Kansans want to preserve. Will it be one that adapts to the needs of its citizens, or one that narrows the path to the ballot box?In the end, the question isn’t whether mail-in voting is convenient. It’s whether it’s essential. History suggests it is.&nbsp;Alexandra Middlewood, PhD, is an associate professor and chair of the Political Science Department at Wichita State University.

Insight Kansas: Kansas mail-in voting faces historic crossroads

On this episode of the Hays Post Podcast, news reporter Becky Kiser talks about understanding pre-diabetes with Jessica Phelan, Fort Hays State University Department of Health and Human Performance assistant professor.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/4/1650389030295.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>On this episode of the Hays Post Podcast, news reporter Becky Kiser talks about understanding pre-diabetes with Jessica Phelan, Fort Hays State University Department of Health and Human Performance assistant professor.<div><iframe title="Post Podcast: Understanding pre-diabetes" allowtransparency="true" height="300" width="100%" style="border: none; min-width: min(100%, 430px);height:300px;" scrolling="no" data-name="pb-iframe-player" src="https://www.podbean.com/player-v2/?from=embed&i=xnv37-193e31e-pb&square=1&share=1&download=1&fonts=Arial&skin=3267a3&font-color=auto&rtl=0&logo_link=podcast_page&btn-skin=60a0c8&size=300" loading="lazy" allowfullscreen=""></iframe></div>

🎙 Post Podcast: Understanding pre-diabetes

Rats. Mid-August and I’ve only seen one hummer in the yard! 

Once again, the earth has tilted on its axis, turning days golden and foretelling southward hummingbird migrations. Where are these late summer travelers?

I remind myself, I don’t hang out in the yard all day every day, so, in theory, dozens could visit our bright blooms, and I haven’t a clue. But . . . I don’t think so. 

I’m outside several extended stretches throughout the day, and I regularly gander out the windows. So far I spied one iridescent traveler sipping nectar from an overloaded flower pot. Nearby neighbors report a few additional sightings, but not in numbers I expect this time of year.

Once days take on the golden shade that suggests autumn’s approach, those transcontinental travelers need to get their affairs in order. This homo sapien traveler suggests planned stops during their long journeys so they can rest and refuel. Throwing in a personal advertisement, I offer my yard, since I plant flowers to encourage those stopovers.

Based on birding posts, some folks do see frequent visitors at their feeders. That suggests an issue because we opted to forego artificial feeders filled with 4 to 1 water/sugar mixture in favor of more bright blooms throughout the yard. 

I did it because it’s difficult to keep glass and plastic that hangs outside well-sanitized this scorching time of year. I hoped to prevent my whirring-winged guests from getting more than a sugar buzz.

In the past, when temps exceeded 85 degrees, I dumped leftover syrup, washed feeders in hot soapy water, and followed with multiple rinses before refilling with fresh solution. That complicates matters for families who want to leave town for a few hours or days. Who wants to leave hungry hummers wondering where their feeder went?

Since we saw hummingbirds choose blooms over Gramma’s syrup every summer, we decided to experiment and offer additional flower selections. 

Though heat takes a toll, roses, salvia, helianthus, holly hocks, trumpet vine, Indian blanket, larkspur, black-eyed Susans, coneflower, petunias, geraniums, schwarzenberry, nasturtiums, moss rose, cosmos, sunflower, marigold, tomato, squash, and pepper keep blooming to attract famished hummers. During refueling stops, they can rest on shady branches and sip water from multiple bird baths. We’re all about accommodating these exotic guests.

Those who follow this column know I suffer this angst annually. Obviously, ditching the feeder and sugar water solution complicates matters. However, I’m convinced hummers used to sipping nectar in northern fields of flowers will thrill to find flavorful prairie and garden blossoms replacing those they left behind.

Hopefully, you’ll soon read that hordes of hummers like you’d see outside mountain condos are flying donuts choosing which flowers to sample. I’d love to exhaust my clicker finger taking photos to share. 

For those feeling sorry for travelers who have to work for natural food, hang a feeder or two of your own. Just follow the 4 to 1 water/sugar formula and sanitize it daily in hot weather.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2025/8/1755250956818.jpeg" alt="Photo by Pixabay" />
 <figcaption>Photo by Pixabay</figcaption>
 </figure>By KAREN MADORINRats. Mid-August and I’ve only seen one hummer in the yard! Once again, the earth has tilted on its axis, turning days golden and foretelling southward hummingbird migrations. Where are these late summer travelers?I remind myself, I don’t hang out in the yard all day every day, so, in theory, dozens could visit our bright blooms, and I haven’t a clue. But . . . I don’t think so. I’m outside several extended stretches throughout the day, and I regularly gander out the windows. So far I spied one iridescent traveler sipping nectar from an overloaded flower pot. Nearby neighbors report a few additional sightings, but not in numbers I expect this time of year.Once days take on the golden shade that suggests autumn’s approach, those transcontinental travelers need to get their affairs in order. This homo sapien traveler suggests planned stops during their long journeys so they can rest and refuel. Throwing in a personal advertisement, I offer my yard, since I plant flowers to encourage those stopovers.Based on birding posts, some folks do see frequent visitors at their feeders. That suggests an issue because we opted to forego artificial feeders filled with 4 to 1 water/sugar mixture in favor of more bright blooms throughout the yard. Some ask why. I did it because it’s difficult to keep glass and plastic that hangs outside well-sanitized this scorching time of year. I hoped to prevent my whirring-winged guests from getting more than a sugar buzz.In the past, when temps exceeded 85 degrees, I dumped leftover syrup, washed feeders in hot soapy water, and followed with multiple rinses before refilling with fresh solution. That complicates matters for families who want to leave town for a few hours or days. Who wants to leave hungry hummers wondering where their feeder went?Since we saw hummingbirds choose blooms over Gramma’s syrup every summer, we decided to experiment and offer additional flower selections. Though heat takes a toll, roses, salvia, helianthus, holly hocks, trumpet vine, Indian blanket, larkspur, black-eyed Susans, coneflower, petunias, geraniums, schwarzenberry, nasturtiums, moss rose, cosmos, sunflower, marigold, tomato, squash, and pepper keep blooming to attract famished hummers. During refueling stops, they can rest on shady branches and sip water from multiple bird baths. We’re all about accommodating these exotic guests.Those who follow this column know I suffer this angst annually. Obviously, ditching the feeder and sugar water solution complicates matters. However, I’m convinced hummers used to sipping nectar in northern fields of flowers will thrill to find flavorful prairie and garden blossoms replacing those they left behind.Hopefully, you’ll soon read that hordes of hummers like you’d see outside mountain condos are flying donuts choosing which flowers to sample. I’d love to exhaust my clicker finger taking photos to share. For those feeling sorry for travelers who have to work for natural food, hang a feeder or two of your own. Just follow the 4 to 1 water/sugar formula and sanitize it daily in hot weather.Karen Madorin is a retired teacher, writer, photographer, outdoors lover, and sixth-generation Kansan.

MADORIN: Yellow days again

By MICHELLE BERAN Cottonwood Extension District

Lean financial times are hard and it can be harder to break a cycle of financial stress. 

I lived this as a college student who had to take several semesters off to work full-time to keep a roof over my head. As a young farm couple, my husband and I often had to make tough decisions about how and where we were spending and it sure didn’t take much to stretch things too far.

K-State Extension family resource management specialist, Elizabeth Kiss, offers some suggestions to assist in planning ahead of an emergency to help ease the burden of unexpected expenses. She shares the following tips to help families survive tough times.

“If you don’t have an emergency fund, now is the time to start,” Kiss said. “Even a small amount adds up over time.”

Kiss said it has taken her 10 years, but saving $40 a month, she now has an emergency fund to cover about six months of essential expenses.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668179445671.jpeg" alt="Michelle Beran is a Family and Community Wellness Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District." />
 <figcaption>Michelle Beran is a Family and Community Wellness Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District.</figcaption>
 </figure>By MICHELLE BERAN Cottonwood Extension DistrictLean financial times are hard and it can be harder to break a cycle of financial stress. I lived this as a college student who had to take several semesters off to work full-time to keep a roof over my head. As a young farm couple, my husband and I often had to make tough decisions about how and where we were spending and it sure didn’t take much to stretch things too far.K-State Extension family resource management specialist, Elizabeth Kiss, offers some suggestions to assist in planning ahead of an emergency to help ease the burden of unexpected expenses. She shares the following tips to help families survive tough times.Before an emergency: Build a fund“If you don’t have an emergency fund, now is the time to start,” Kiss said. “Even a small amount adds up over time.”Kiss said it has taken her 10 years, but saving $40 a month, she now has an emergency fund to cover about six months of essential expenses.“The more cash you have, the less you will have to put on credit, which you’ll have to pay back with interest,” she said. “Ideally, you should save enough money to cover six months of expenses, based on what you spend in a typical month.”Kiss also suggests reviewing your homeowner’s and health insurance coverage to make sure you have the coverage you’re expecting, and communicate with your family about your insurance policies.“It’s also important to keep your important records safe,” Kiss said. “That should be part of your emergency plan. If you have to grab something quickly and go, you’ll have that information in a place where you can get to it.”During an emergency: Use what you’ve prepared“Use the cash you’ve saved if you need to purchase essentials, and contact your credit card companies and lenders if you anticipate a break in your&nbsp;payments,” Kiss said. “Or, you may want to request an increase in your credit availability.”If the financial emergency is caused by loss of a job, Kiss suggests filing for unemployment benefits, "even if you aren't sure if you'll qualify." Your community may also have physical and mental health resources.“There’s often more help available then people realize,” Kiss said. “Food banks, housing assistance, even childcare and transportation services may be able to help. The amount of help may vary from community to community.”After an emergency: Rebuild and re-evaluate“If it’s a natural disaster and you’ve had property damage, you need to start making your insurance claims,” said Kiss, who cautioned homeowners to be careful of scammers trying to take advantage of those in unfortunate circumstances.Afterwards, she adds, “prioritize how you spend the money that you have. You want to cover your basic needs – including housing, food and transportation – and think about how far your emergency fund can take you.”If the home is affected, call the utility companies to turn off services during the time that you don’t need them.Once you’ve spent down your emergency fund and are on the road to recovery, “start building that fund back up again for the next time, because there probably will be a next time,” Kiss said.Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness!Michelle Beran is a Family and Community Wellness Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910.

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