By STEVE GILLILAND Exploring Kansas Outdoors

So, I woke up this morning to the strangest sound. It’s like a constant “pattering” sound of some sort on the roof. Oh wait, it’s raining, almost forgot what that sounded like! As I sat here contemplating this week’s column, the soothing sound of the rain and the dark morning brought back memories of this deer hunt years ago on a morning just like this.

Naturally, after the driest summer on record, it started to rain when deer hunting and trapping seasons arrived. It had rained most of Friday night and was still drizzling at the crack of dawn Saturday morn. Ever the macho deer hunter, I still crawled from beneath my electric blanket at zero dark thirty to brave the elements. The problem was that either a lengthy drive or a long walk was required to get to all our stand spots but one, and after the amount of rain we had gotten, walking was the only option. Again, being the macho deer hunter, I’m not against a bit of an early morning walk, but I know each boot would have accumulated five pounds of mud and I’d have been soaked once I arrived. so, I drove to that one stand where I could park in an old farm yard and walk just behind the buildings to a nice raised stand built from an old fuel tank support. That took care of the mud part, but it was still raining, so instead of setting on top, I crawled beneath the floor of the raised blind and got comfortable in a camp chair.

The floor of the stand was about two feet above me and not totally water tight, but an occasional drip sure trumped sitting in the rain. We’d always heard a pair of great horned owls at this old farmstead, and that morning I also got to watch them as they wound down from a nights hunting and geared up to snooze the day away. The first owl sat on a power pole a couple hundred yards in front of me and called to its mate that I could hear but not yet see. Soon the mate silently flew to the top of a tall cedar so that they were just a stone’s throw away from each other. I had no idea which owl was the male and which was the female, but the calls were very different. Both calls used the same number of syllables, but one call was higher pitched like a woman’s alto tone, and the other was more of a baritone pitch. After awhile, one owl flew off, then the other and the woods was quiet again except for the slow staccato of the drizzling rain and the “plop” made by the occasional drop dripping through the “roof” onto my vinyl vest.

Then came the blackbirds; probably numbering into the tens of thousands, the flying horde actually made a low, muffled roar like the wind blowing through the trees. They landed in the wheat some ways away, but like waves in a living sea of black lapping against the shore, the huge swarm was constantly on the move. Birds from one end would fly up and move to a different spot so that the assemblage appeared to crawl slowly across the field like a giant ameba. Once in the air again, the monstrous flock swirled and twirled like a Kansas twister marching across the plains.

In the distance I began again to hear a muffled roar like the wind slowly picking up. “Was it more blackbirds” I wondered? No, this time it was a rain shower as it crawled across the field. The drone became louder and louder until it encompassed the deer stand and the occasional drip became a constant stream. I waited it out and when it had subsided some, I put my hood up and headed for the dry safety of the pickup.

Maybe these sorts of things seem to you like odd topics to write about, but not to me. I know I get so caught up and focused on shooting the deer or catching the fish that I totally miss everything around me. So, the next time you’re sitting in a deer stand or rocking with the waves on a boat in the lake, concentrate on seeing things you usually miss, then close your eyes for awhile and just listen to nature around you and learn to experience God’s marvelous creation in its entirety. Continue to Explore Kansas Outdoors!

Steve can be contacted by email at stevenrgilliland@gmail.com.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574696211722.png" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By STEVE GILLILAND Exploring Kansas OutdoorsSo, I woke up this morning to the strangest sound. It’s like a constant “pattering” sound of some sort on the roof. Oh wait, it’s raining, almost forgot what that sounded like! As I sat here contemplating this week’s column, the soothing sound of the rain and the dark morning brought back memories of this deer hunt years ago on a morning just like this.Naturally, after the driest summer on record, it started to rain when deer hunting and trapping seasons arrived. It had rained most of Friday night and was still drizzling at the crack of dawn Saturday morn. Ever the macho deer hunter, I still crawled from beneath my electric blanket at zero dark thirty to brave the elements. The problem was that either a lengthy drive or a long walk was required to get to all our stand spots but one, and after the amount of rain we had gotten, walking was the only option. Again, being the macho deer hunter, I’m not against a bit of an early morning walk, but I know each boot would have accumulated five pounds of mud and I’d have been soaked once I arrived. so, I drove to that one stand where I could park in an old farm yard and walk just behind the buildings to a nice raised stand built from an old fuel tank support. That took care of the mud part, but it was still raining, so instead of setting on top, I crawled beneath the floor of the raised blind and got comfortable in a camp chair.The floor of the stand was about two feet above me and not totally water tight, but an occasional drip sure trumped sitting in the rain. We’d always heard a pair of great horned owls at this old farmstead, and that morning I also got to watch them as they wound down from a nights hunting and geared up to snooze the day away. The first owl sat on a power pole a couple hundred yards in front of me and called to its mate that I could hear but not yet see. Soon the mate silently flew to the top of a tall cedar so that they were just a stone’s throw away from each other. I had no idea which owl was the male and which was the female, but the calls were very different. Both calls used the same number of syllables, but one call was higher pitched like a woman’s alto tone, and the other was more of a baritone pitch. After awhile, one owl flew off, then the other and the woods was quiet again except for the slow staccato of the drizzling rain and the “plop” made by the occasional drop dripping through the “roof” onto my vinyl vest.Then came the blackbirds; probably numbering into the tens of thousands, the flying horde actually made a low, muffled roar like the wind blowing through the trees. They landed in the wheat some ways away, but like waves in a living sea of black lapping against the shore, the huge swarm was constantly on the move. Birds from one end would fly up and move to a different spot so that the assemblage appeared to crawl slowly across the field like a giant ameba. Once in the air again, the monstrous flock swirled and twirled like a Kansas twister marching across the plains.In the distance I began again to hear a muffled roar like the wind slowly picking up. “Was it more blackbirds” I wondered? No, this time it was a rain shower as it crawled across the field. The drone became louder and louder until it encompassed the deer stand and the occasional drip became a constant stream. I waited it out and when it had subsided some, I put my hood up and headed for the dry safety of the pickup.Maybe these sorts of things seem to you like odd topics to write about, but not to me. I know I get so caught up and focused on shooting the deer or catching the fish that I totally miss everything around me. So, the next time you’re sitting in a deer stand or rocking with the waves on a boat in the lake, concentrate on seeing things you usually miss, then close your eyes for awhile and just listen to nature around you and learn to experience God’s marvelous creation in its entirety. Continue to Explore Kansas Outdoors!Steve can be contacted by email at stevenrgilliland@gmail.com.

Exploring Kansas Outdoors: Sights and sounds from beneath a deer stand

By ALEXANDRA MIDDLEWOOD Insight Kansas

Election Day is right around the corner. Even for non-political scientists it’s the most important day of the year. It’s the day when Kansans get to put democracy into practice and choose their elected officials.

Thanks to the efforts of IKE Lab at Wichita State University to make Kansas voter registration and election data available to the public, it’s fairly easy to track early voting data.

Early voting began 15 days before Election Day on October 21.

As of October 30, 163,634 mail ballots had been sent out statewide, and 97,634 had been returned. Of those, 43,533 were returned by Democrats, 39,460 by Republicans, and 14,140 by unaffiliated voters.

An additional 294,081 Kansans have voted early in-person — 157,567 Republicans, 93,314 Democrats, and 41,220 unaffiliated voters.

Kansans are turning out to early vote in droves, particularly voters in the state’s largest counties.

Typically, high levels of early voting means it’s going to be a high turnout election overall.

As for who is going to win…? I’m a political scientist, not a forecaster, but we do have new public opinion data to give us some insight.

Kansas Speaks, conducted by the Docking Institute of Public Affairs at Fort Hays State University, surveyed Kansans in mid-October.

First, Laura Kelly remains the most popular elected official in the state with a 46.4% satisfaction rating. While not on the ballot, her continued popularity does signal hope for other moderate Democrats running for office this year who have taken a leaf out of her middle-of-the-road playbook.

Second, only 29% of Kansans are satisfied with the Kansas Legislature. While Republicans are all but guaranteed to maintain the majority in both houses, Democrats are working hard to break the supermajority by flipping at least 3 seats in the Senate and 2 in the House. The legislature’s low approval rating may potentially help Democrats flip these seats.

Third, among likely voters who answered the survey, 48% said they plan to vote for Donald Trump while 43% said they plan to vote for Kamala Harris — a 5 point difference. Among all registered voters, there’s a 10 point difference.

The actual vote is likely going to be somewhere in between.

In 2020, Trump won Kansas by over 14 points and Republicans have carried the state in 19 of the last 20 presidential elections. I don’t think these polling results mean Kansas is a swing state. But they may indicate that Kansas is becoming less conservative.

Harris is polling slightly higher than Biden’s 2020 vote count, and any increase in the margins could bode well for Democrats in tight races at the state and county levels.

This is a good reminder that while 2024 is a “presidential” election year, there’s so much more on the ballot than just the president. Don’t forget to also vote in down-ballot races like US Congress; Kansas House, Senate, and Board of Education; and various judicial and county races!

These elections impact your everyday life much more than the race for president.

Check out the Kansas Secretary of State’s website, including your specific voting information on the VoterView page. VoterView shows your polling location and hours, sample ballot, and much more!

Check with your county election office for early voting hours and locations. All early in-person voting ends on Monday, November 4 at noon.

Mail ballots must be postmarked on or before Election Day and received by your county election office by the close of business on Friday, November 8. Mail ballots can also be

returned in-person to a polling location, ballot drop box, or county election office on or before Election Day.

______________________________________________________________________

Alexandra Middlewood, PhD is an associate professor and chair of the Political Science Department at Wichita State University.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/9/1694699489540.png" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By ALEXANDRA MIDDLEWOOD Insight KansasElection Day is right around the corner. Even for non-political scientists it’s the most important day of the year. It’s the day when Kansans get to put democracy into practice and choose their elected officials.Thanks to the efforts of IKE Lab at Wichita State University to make Kansas voter registration and election data available to the public, it’s fairly easy to track early voting data.Early voting began 15 days before Election Day on October 21.As of October 30, 163,634 mail ballots had been sent out statewide, and 97,634 had been returned. Of those, 43,533 were returned by Democrats, 39,460 by Republicans, and 14,140 by unaffiliated voters.An additional 294,081 Kansans have voted early in-person — 157,567 Republicans, 93,314 Democrats, and 41,220 unaffiliated voters.Kansans are turning out to early vote in droves, particularly voters in the state’s largest counties.Typically, high levels of early voting means it’s going to be a high turnout election overall.As for who is going to win…? I’m a political scientist, not a forecaster, but we do have new public opinion data to give us some insight.Kansas Speaks, conducted by the Docking Institute of Public Affairs at Fort Hays State University, surveyed Kansans in mid-October.First, Laura Kelly remains the most popular elected official in the state with a 46.4% satisfaction rating. While not on the ballot, her continued popularity does signal hope for other moderate Democrats running for office this year who have taken a leaf out of her middle-of-the-road playbook.Second, only 29% of Kansans are satisfied with the Kansas Legislature. While Republicans are all but guaranteed to maintain the majority in both houses, Democrats are working hard to break the supermajority by flipping at least 3 seats in the Senate and 2 in the House. The legislature’s low approval rating may potentially help Democrats flip these seats.Third, among likely voters who answered the survey, 48% said they plan to vote for Donald Trump while 43% said they plan to vote for Kamala Harris — a 5 point difference. Among all registered voters, there’s a 10 point difference.The actual vote is likely going to be somewhere in between.In 2020, Trump won Kansas by over 14 points and Republicans have carried the state in 19 of the last 20 presidential elections. I don’t think these polling results mean Kansas is a swing state. But they may indicate that Kansas is becoming less conservative.Harris is polling slightly higher than Biden’s 2020 vote count, and any increase in the margins could bode well for Democrats in tight races at the state and county levels.This is a good reminder that while 2024 is a “presidential” election year, there’s so much more on the ballot than just the president. Don’t forget to also vote in down-ballot races like US Congress; Kansas House, Senate, and Board of Education; and various judicial and county races!These elections impact your everyday life much more than the race for president.Make sure you get out and vote!Need voting information?Check out the Kansas Secretary of State’s website, including your specific voting information on the VoterView page. VoterView shows your polling location and hours, sample ballot, and much more!Check with your county election office for early voting hours and locations. All early in-person voting ends on Monday, November 4 at noon.Mail ballots must be postmarked on or before Election Day and received by your county election office by the close of business on Friday, November 8. Mail ballots can also bereturned in-person to a polling location, ballot drop box, or county election office on or before Election Day.______________________________________________________________________Alexandra Middlewood, PhD is an associate professor and chair of the Political Science Department at Wichita State University.

INSIGHT KANSAS: Election preview from a political scientist

By STACY CAMPBELL Cottonwood Extension District

K-State Research and Extension and the Northwest/North Central Extension Districts are hosting two Crop Pest Management Schools in mid-November. 

The first one is set for Nov. 19 in Beloit at the Beloit Methodist Church, and the second one will take place on Nov. 20 in Dighton at the United Methodist Church. 

Both events will begin at 7:45 a.m. with registration and conclude at 5:00 p.m.

Join us in person to learn how to control the latest pests – weeds, insects, and diseases – affecting all crops in central and western Kansas!

7:45 Registration 8:05 Welcome 8:15 Weed research update for western KS - Jeremie Kouame, Weed Scientist at Hays 9:10 Row crop disease that should be on your radar – Rodrigo Onofre, Row Crop Pathologist 10:05 Break 10:20 A new corn disease that should be on your radar – Anthony Zukoff, Entomologist, Garden City 11:15 Insect outlook for 2025 – Anthony Zukoff 12:10 Lunch 12:50 Drones in agronomic pest management – Deepak Joshi, Precision Ag Specialist 1:45 Recipe for tank mixing successfully – Sarah Lancaster, Weed Science Specialist 2:40 Break 2:55 Wheat diseases to watch for next spring – Jeanne Falk Jones, Craig Dinkel, Sandra Wick 3:50 Kansas Regulation (Core Hour) – Kansas Dept. of Ag 4:45 Questions/Adjourn

Commercial Applicators will earn 1 Core Hour &amp; 7 Hours for 1A, certified by the Kansas Department of Agriculture. 

Certified Crop Advisors (CCA) will also earn 8 Pest Management Credits. 

These schools would also be an excellent educational opportunity for producers.

The cost to participate is $50 if registered by November 11; after that date, the fee is $75. To register, go to https://www.wkrec.org/events/crop-pest-management-school.html. 

You can also scan the QR code below. If you register at the door, cash and checks will be accepted. We are unable to accept credit/debit cards at the door. If inclement weather occurs, the program will be held at a later date in an online format.

For questions, please contact Jeanne Falk-Jones, Multi-County Agronomist, at 785-462-6281 or Sandra Wick, Post Rock District Crop Production Agent, at 785-282-6823.

Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By STACY CAMPBELL Cottonwood Extension DistrictK-State Research and Extension and the Northwest/North Central Extension Districts are hosting two Crop Pest Management Schools in mid-November. The first one is set for Nov. 19 in Beloit at the Beloit Methodist Church, and the second one will take place on Nov. 20 in Dighton at the United Methodist Church. Both events will begin at 7:45 a.m. with registration and conclude at 5:00 p.m.Join us in person to learn how to control the latest pests – weeds, insects, and diseases – affecting all crops in central and western Kansas!Event Schedule:7:45 Registration 8:05 Welcome 8:15 Weed research update for western KS - Jeremie Kouame, Weed Scientist at Hays 9:10 Row crop disease that should be on your radar – Rodrigo Onofre, Row Crop Pathologist 10:05 Break 10:20 A new corn disease that should be on your radar – Anthony Zukoff, Entomologist, Garden City 11:15 Insect outlook for 2025 – Anthony Zukoff 12:10 Lunch 12:50 Drones in agronomic pest management – Deepak Joshi, Precision Ag Specialist 1:45 Recipe for tank mixing successfully – Sarah Lancaster, Weed Science Specialist 2:40 Break 2:55 Wheat diseases to watch for next spring – Jeanne Falk Jones, Craig Dinkel, Sandra Wick 3:50 Kansas Regulation (Core Hour) – Kansas Dept. of Ag 4:45 Questions/AdjournCommercial Applicators will earn 1 Core Hour &amp; 7 Hours for 1A, certified by the Kansas Department of Agriculture. Certified Crop Advisors (CCA) will also earn 8 Pest Management Credits. These schools would also be an excellent educational opportunity for producers.The cost to participate is $50 if registered by November 11; after that date, the fee is $75. To register, go to https://www.wkrec.org/events/crop-pest-management-school.html. You can also scan the QR code below. If you register at the door, cash and checks will be accepted. We are unable to accept credit/debit cards at the door. If inclement weather occurs, the program will be held at a later date in an online format.For questions, please contact Jeanne Falk-Jones, Multi-County Agronomist, at 785-462-6281 or Sandra Wick, Post Rock District Crop Production Agent, at 785-282-6823.Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: 2024 K-State crop pest management schools set for Nov. 19-20

I have never given much thought to the position of the County Clerk until I received another flyer (3rd) from the Kansas Union Civil Liberties (KUCL), so I figured I would do my own research rather than having an organization do it for me.

On the flyers the KUCL says they are not endorsing or opposing either candidate. I found it interesting that Allen said yes to all the questions, and Dreiling had no response. With their answers being so far apart, I was curious as to what both candidates were asked, and what form these questions were asked in.

I went to their website KansansUnited.org and read the questions they were both asked. This was the moment of clarity and I realized that the KUCL seems to be somewhat biased against Dreiling despite their claim of neither endorsing or opposing either candidate.

The flyer states Allen pledged Yes, she would put polling places that are more “conveniently located” in Ellis County? The actual question was: “Do you pledge to put a polling location on FHSU campus in 2025?” I found the question and what was stated on the flyer was very deceiving. I have to only guess that Allen is okay with this misinformation as it is well known FHSU campus is only convenient for the students and not everyone in Ellis County. I would think this will cost tax payers more money for the election budget.

The next question that Allen pledged Yes to was making polling locations more accessible to the disabled and elderly. Dreiling had no response. I understand why Dreiling would not respond to this because all the polling sites are already ADA compliant. I wonder if Allen is considering additional changes to these places that will cost the taxpayers more money since by law Dreiling is already doing what she has to with the polling places.

A question that Allen pledged Yes to but did not make it on the flyer; but since I did my research, I’ll share it with you: She pledged Yes that there will be Spanish materials available for elections starting in 2025. I called County Clerk Dreiling to ask her about this. Clerk Dreiling said the Secretary of State would mandate any county when they meet the requirements, and then they would then be required to supply Spanish ballots. Dreiling also mentioned this will come with a big price tag and the election budget would have to be increased. As of now Ellis County does not meet those required mandates. Again it seems as Allen is wanting to spend more tax dollars on something that is not needed.

What I finally garnered from the flyers is candidate Allen can’t wait to spend our tax dollars . My decision will be based on how my tax dollars are being currently used by Dreiling, and not what Allen, if elected, intends to do in 2025. If you are concerned about your taxes, I hope that you do your own research and make the right decision.

I have never given much thought to the position of the County Clerk until I received another flyer (3rd) from the Kansas Union Civil Liberties (KUCL), so I figured I would do my own research rather than having an organization do it for me.On the flyers the KUCL says they are not endorsing or opposing either candidate. I found it interesting that Allen said yes to all the questions, and Dreiling had no response. With their answers being so far apart, I was curious as to what both candidates were asked, and what form these questions were asked in.I went to their website KansansUnited.org and read the questions they were both asked. This was the moment of clarity and I realized that the KUCL seems to be somewhat biased against Dreiling despite their claim of neither endorsing or opposing either candidate.The flyer states Allen pledged Yes, she would put polling places that are more “conveniently located” in Ellis County? The actual question was: “Do you pledge to put a polling location on FHSU campus in 2025?” I found the question and what was stated on the flyer was very deceiving. I have to only guess that Allen is okay with this misinformation as it is well known FHSU campus is only convenient for the students and not everyone in Ellis County. I would think this will cost tax payers more money for the election budget.The next question that Allen pledged Yes to was making polling locations more accessible to the disabled and elderly. Dreiling had no response. I understand why Dreiling would not respond to this because all the polling sites are already ADA compliant. I wonder if Allen is considering additional changes to these places that will cost the taxpayers more money since by law Dreiling is already doing what she has to with the polling places.A question that Allen pledged Yes to but did not make it on the flyer; but since I did my research, I’ll share it with you: She pledged Yes that there will be Spanish materials available for elections starting in 2025. I called County Clerk Dreiling to ask her about this. Clerk Dreiling said the Secretary of State would mandate any county when they meet the requirements, and then they would then be required to supply Spanish ballots. Dreiling also mentioned this will come with a big price tag and the election budget would have to be increased. As of now Ellis County does not meet those required mandates. Again it seems as Allen is wanting to spend more tax dollars on something that is not needed.What I finally garnered from the flyers is candidate Allen can’t wait to spend our tax dollars . My decision will be based on how my tax dollars are being currently used by Dreiling, and not what Allen, if elected, intends to do in 2025. If you are concerned about your taxes, I hope that you do your own research and make the right decision.— Rick Pfannenstiel

LETTER: Writer questions flyer on Ellis County Clerk race

By CLAY WIRESTONE <a href="https://kansasreflector.com/2024/10/31/a-stupefying-poll-shows-harris-breathing-down-trumps-neck-in-kansas-heres-what-that-means/">Kansas Reflector</a>

You want to talk about that new poll showing Kansas as a potential swing state? OK, let’s talk about that new poll showing Kansas as a potential swing state.

The annual&nbsp;<a href="https://www.fhsu.edu/docking/Kansas-Speaks/2024-kansas-speaks-report-final.10.28.24.v3-corrected-final-bullet-in-exec-sum-to-now-compare-2024-and-2023-results2.pdf" target="_blank">Kansas Speaks survey</a>&nbsp;from the Docking Institute at Fort Hays State University showed Democratic presidential candidate Kamala Harris a mere&nbsp;<a href="https://kansasreflector.com/2024/10/28/survey-reveals-potential-tapering-of-kansas-gap-between-gop-democratic-presidential-candidates/">five points behind</a>&nbsp;Republican candidate Donald Trump. Given that the survey covers traditionally conservative Kansas, political pundits pounced.

“BREAKING: Trump only winning by 5 In KANSAS,” wrote&nbsp;<a href="https://x.com/TristanSnell/status/1851120567262298528" target="_blank">legal commentator Tristan Snell</a>.

“If Harris is only down 5 to Trump in&nbsp;Kansas&nbsp;– election night is going to be very good for Democrats,” added Obama campaign and administration&nbsp;<a href="https://x.com/TimFullerton/status/1850981599556616491" target="_blank">alumnus Tim Fullerton</a>.

“…holy sh*t?” exclaimed&nbsp;<a href="https://x.com/SethAbramson/status/1851092122004300089" target="_blank">journalist and lawyer Seth Abramson</a>.

Let’s step back from excited progressive reactions for a moment and actually talk about the poll, what it means and whether Harris has a shot in Kansas. (Spoiler alert, she&nbsp;<a href="https://kansasreflector.com/2024/10/17/electoral-college-will-incinerate-a-half-million-kansas-votes-for-kamala-thats-a-problem/">almost certainly does not</a>). We found a great person to help us break things down:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.fhsu.edu/sociology/faculty/zollinger/" target="_blank">Brett Zollinger</a>, director of the Docking Institute itself. He sat down with Kansas Reflector staff on Tuesday afternoon to give background on those surprising results.

First off, we should understand that the data presented comes from a survey, not a poll. Kansas Speaks primarily tracks public opinion on issues rather than candidates. It gathers a representative panel of Kansans and collects information from them via a carefully designed survey online.

“The presidential election is a very minor focus for us in&nbsp;<a href="https://www.fhsu.edu/docking/Kansas-Speaks/" target="_blank">Kansas Speaks</a>,” he said. “We are far more focused on policies, issues that are going to be relevant to Kansans, likely to come up in the legislative session, that sort of thing. But every four years, we get this unique opportunity to see what our survey methodology bears out in terms of some actual voter decisions in the state in the presidential election. So in 2020, we were within 0.2% actually, in the spread between Trump and Biden with our survey panel methodology.”

<a href="https://sos.ks.gov/elections/20elec/2020_General_Official_Vote_Totals.pdf" target="_blank">For reference</a>, in 2020 Trump finished at 56.2% in Kansas, while President Joe Biden reached 41.6%, a 14.6 percentage point gap.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.fhsu.edu/docking/Kansas-Speaks/2020-kansas-speaks-report-v7.pdf" target="_blank">The 2020 Kansas Speaks survey</a>&nbsp;found 52% support for Trump and 37.6% for Biden, a 14.4 percentage point gap.

That earlier accuracy was much remarked upon by online commentors. But Zollinger wanted Kansas Reflector readers to understand that the modeling and weighting decisions made for the Kansas Speaks survey are not necessarily the same ones made by political polling firms. They’re playing different games.

“If we were actually trying to measure, with a lot of predictive ability, the presidential vote turnout, we would probably engage in a fuller methodology common to the survey industry, especially the presidential polling industry,” Zollinger said. “We don’t. But we do winnow it down to registered voters who say that they plan to vote, which is not a bad methodology necessarily for doing that. And the survey panel is what it is. These are folks who have opted in to be surveyed. It’s not uncommon to use these today. Pew Research has its own big one. Gallup has one.”

Researchers looked at various demographic factors, he said, “and we did pretty much a simple proportionate weighting.” (You can dig into the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.fhsu.edu/docking/Kansas-Speaks/2024-kansas-speaks-report-final.10.28.24.v3-corrected-final-bullet-in-exec-sum-to-now-compare-2024-and-2023-results2.pdf" target="_blank">crosstabs on page 96</a>.) They did the same with their 2020 results.

“We took the proportion in the sample who fit a certain age profile, and we adjusted it to the state’s age profile of adults, same with gender, same with education. … We believe it is the most reasonable approach to trying to make up for some underrepresentation by some age groups in the panel and some underrepresentation by certain education levels,” Zollinger said.

Which brings us all down to the basic question: Do we believe the survey results?

Kansas has changed. In the eight years&nbsp;<a href="https://kansasreflector.com/2021/08/23/want-to-make-kansas-a-better-place-for-new-opinion-editor-that-means-raising-our-voices-for-change/">since I returned</a>&nbsp;to the state, I’ve watched as a motley mix of Republicans, Democrats and independents have rejected Trump and extreme ideologies. I’ve watched a constitutional amendment that would have allowed the Legislature to ban abortion fail by an&nbsp;<a href="https://kansasreflector.com/2022/08/02/kansas-voters-defeat-abortion-amendment-in-unexpected-landslide-1/">18-point margin</a>. I’ve watched voters twice elect Democrat Laura Kelly as governor. I’ve also heard, over and and over, and read, in repeated email messages, that Kansans don’t like the current political atmosphere.

Now, that doesn’t turn us into an immediate swing state. It doesn’t guarantee a Democratic Legislature anytime soon. But it does, at least from my perspective, suggest that Republicans can’t count on a blank check from Kansas voters.

Trump will almost certainly win Kansas. But that margin will matter.

Alex Middlewood, a political scientist at Wichita State, weighed in on the survey results&nbsp;<a href="https://x.com/alexmiddlewood/status/1851403069684072824" target="_blank">via a Tweet thread</a>. She said the results showed that Trump has been losing ground in Kansas over the past eight years.

“His vote share in 2020 was lower than it was in 2016, and 2024 is very likely going to be even lower. Make no mistake, Trump is going to win Kansas,” she wrote. “However, any shift in the margins, like we’re seeing from these results, will likely have major impact on the state legislature races. Ds are working hard (and spending lots of money) to break the R supermajority. These results should give them hope.”

I’ve been keeping track of interesting presidential endorsements in Kansas news outlets over the past couple of weeks. You might not be able to read an endorsement from the Washington Post, but these plucky Kansans have a lot to say.

“<a href="https://salinapost.com/posts/eadd4e4e-bed9-4d2c-81d5-f67355e1840f" target="_blank">Rep. Steven Howe reflects on voting for Trump after earlier criticism</a>,” by Steven Howe, Salina Post, Oct. 26.

“<a href="https://www.kansascity.com/opinion/readers-opinion/guest-commentary/article294546054.html" target="_blank">My fellow conservatives, we have to split the ticket to save the US Constitution</a>,” by David Mastio, Kansas City Star, Oct. 29.

“<a href="https://kaninfo.com/opinion/oops-i-voted-for-hitler-again/" target="_blank">Oops, I voted for Hitler…again</a>,” by Dane Hicks, Kansas Informer, Oct. 30.

“<a href="https://www.iolaregister.com/opinion/columnists/being-a-republican-is-not-a-loyalty-test" target="_blank">Kamala Harris has what it takes</a>,” by Susan Lynn, The Iola Register, Oct. 25.

Clay Wirestone is Kansas Reflector opinion editor. Through its opinion section, Kansas Reflector works to amplify the voices of people who are affected by public policies or excluded from public debate. Find information, including how to submit your own commentary,&nbsp;<a href="https://kansasreflector.com/submit-opinion/">here</a>.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/2/1582312931775.png" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By CLAY WIRESTONE <a href="https://kansasreflector.com/2024/10/31/a-stupefying-poll-shows-harris-breathing-down-trumps-neck-in-kansas-heres-what-that-means/">Kansas Reflector</a>You want to talk about that new poll showing Kansas as a potential swing state? OK, let’s talk about that new poll showing Kansas as a potential swing state.The annual&nbsp;<a href="https://www.fhsu.edu/docking/Kansas-Speaks/2024-kansas-speaks-report-final.10.28.24.v3-corrected-final-bullet-in-exec-sum-to-now-compare-2024-and-2023-results2.pdf" target="_blank">Kansas Speaks survey</a>&nbsp;from the Docking Institute at Fort Hays State University showed Democratic presidential candidate Kamala Harris a mere&nbsp;<a href="https://kansasreflector.com/2024/10/28/survey-reveals-potential-tapering-of-kansas-gap-between-gop-democratic-presidential-candidates/">five points behind</a>&nbsp;Republican candidate Donald Trump. Given that the survey covers traditionally conservative Kansas, political pundits pounced.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2024/10/1730413570584.jpeg" alt=" Brett Zollinger, director of the Docking Institute, talks to reporters about the Kansas Speaks survey during an Oct. 29, 2024, interview at the Kansas Reflector office. (Sherman Smith/Kansas Reflector)" />
 <figcaption> Brett Zollinger, director of the Docking Institute, talks to reporters about the Kansas Speaks survey during an Oct. 29, 2024, interview at the Kansas Reflector office. (Sherman Smith/Kansas Reflector)</figcaption>
 </figure>“BREAKING: Trump only winning by 5 In KANSAS,” wrote&nbsp;<a href="https://x.com/TristanSnell/status/1851120567262298528" target="_blank">legal commentator Tristan Snell</a>.“If Harris is only down 5 to Trump in&nbsp;Kansas&nbsp;– election night is going to be very good for Democrats,” added Obama campaign and administration&nbsp;<a href="https://x.com/TimFullerton/status/1850981599556616491" target="_blank">alumnus Tim Fullerton</a>.“…holy sh*t?” exclaimed&nbsp;<a href="https://x.com/SethAbramson/status/1851092122004300089" target="_blank">journalist and lawyer Seth Abramson</a>.Let’s step back from excited progressive reactions for a moment and actually talk about the poll, what it means and whether Harris has a shot in Kansas. (Spoiler alert, she&nbsp;<a href="https://kansasreflector.com/2024/10/17/electoral-college-will-incinerate-a-half-million-kansas-votes-for-kamala-thats-a-problem/">almost certainly does not</a>). We found a great person to help us break things down:&nbsp;<a href="https://www.fhsu.edu/sociology/faculty/zollinger/" target="_blank">Brett Zollinger</a>, director of the Docking Institute itself. He sat down with Kansas Reflector staff on Tuesday afternoon to give background on those surprising results.First off, we should understand that the data presented comes from a survey, not a poll. Kansas Speaks primarily tracks public opinion on issues rather than candidates. It gathers a representative panel of Kansans and collects information from them via a carefully designed survey online.“The presidential election is a very minor focus for us in&nbsp;<a href="https://www.fhsu.edu/docking/Kansas-Speaks/" target="_blank">Kansas Speaks</a>,” he said. “We are far more focused on policies, issues that are going to be relevant to Kansans, likely to come up in the legislative session, that sort of thing. But every four years, we get this unique opportunity to see what our survey methodology bears out in terms of some actual voter decisions in the state in the presidential election. So in 2020, we were within 0.2% actually, in the spread between Trump and Biden with our survey panel methodology.”<a href="https://sos.ks.gov/elections/20elec/2020_General_Official_Vote_Totals.pdf" target="_blank">For reference</a>, in 2020 Trump finished at 56.2% in Kansas, while President Joe Biden reached 41.6%, a 14.6 percentage point gap.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.fhsu.edu/docking/Kansas-Speaks/2020-kansas-speaks-report-v7.pdf" target="_blank">The 2020 Kansas Speaks survey</a>&nbsp;found 52% support for Trump and 37.6% for Biden, a 14.4 percentage point gap.That earlier accuracy was much remarked upon by online commentors. But Zollinger wanted Kansas Reflector readers to understand that the modeling and weighting decisions made for the Kansas Speaks survey are not necessarily the same ones made by political polling firms. They’re playing different games.“If we were actually trying to measure, with a lot of predictive ability, the presidential vote turnout, we would probably engage in a fuller methodology common to the survey industry, especially the presidential polling industry,” Zollinger said. “We don’t. But we do winnow it down to registered voters who say that they plan to vote, which is not a bad methodology necessarily for doing that. And the survey panel is what it is. These are folks who have opted in to be surveyed. It’s not uncommon to use these today. Pew Research has its own big one. Gallup has one.”Researchers looked at various demographic factors, he said, “and we did pretty much a simple proportionate weighting.” (You can dig into the&nbsp;<a href="https://www.fhsu.edu/docking/Kansas-Speaks/2024-kansas-speaks-report-final.10.28.24.v3-corrected-final-bullet-in-exec-sum-to-now-compare-2024-and-2023-results2.pdf" target="_blank">crosstabs on page 96</a>.) They did the same with their 2020 results.“We took the proportion in the sample who fit a certain age profile, and we adjusted it to the state’s age profile of adults, same with gender, same with education. … We believe it is the most reasonable approach to trying to make up for some underrepresentation by some age groups in the panel and some underrepresentation by certain education levels,” Zollinger said.Which brings us all down to the basic question: Do we believe the survey results?I do, with caveats.Kansas has changed. In the eight years&nbsp;<a href="https://kansasreflector.com/2021/08/23/want-to-make-kansas-a-better-place-for-new-opinion-editor-that-means-raising-our-voices-for-change/">since I returned</a>&nbsp;to the state, I’ve watched as a motley mix of Republicans, Democrats and independents have rejected Trump and extreme ideologies. I’ve watched a constitutional amendment that would have allowed the Legislature to ban abortion fail by an&nbsp;<a href="https://kansasreflector.com/2022/08/02/kansas-voters-defeat-abortion-amendment-in-unexpected-landslide-1/">18-point margin</a>. I’ve watched voters twice elect Democrat Laura Kelly as governor. I’ve also heard, over and and over, and read, in repeated email messages, that Kansans don’t like the current political atmosphere.Now, that doesn’t turn us into an immediate swing state. It doesn’t guarantee a Democratic Legislature anytime soon. But it does, at least from my perspective, suggest that Republicans can’t count on a blank check from Kansas voters.Trump will almost certainly win Kansas. But that margin will matter.Alex Middlewood, a political scientist at Wichita State, weighed in on the survey results&nbsp;<a href="https://x.com/alexmiddlewood/status/1851403069684072824" target="_blank">via a Tweet thread</a>. She said the results showed that Trump has been losing ground in Kansas over the past eight years.“His vote share in 2020 was lower than it was in 2016, and 2024 is very likely going to be even lower. Make no mistake, Trump is going to win Kansas,” she wrote. “However, any shift in the margins, like we’re seeing from these results, will likely have major impact on the state legislature races. Ds are working hard (and spending lots of money) to break the R supermajority. These results should give them hope.”<h2>More Kansans speak</h2>I’ve been keeping track of interesting presidential endorsements in Kansas news outlets over the past couple of weeks. You might not be able to read an endorsement from the Washington Post, but these plucky Kansans have a lot to say.“<a href="https://salinapost.com/posts/eadd4e4e-bed9-4d2c-81d5-f67355e1840f" target="_blank">Rep. Steven Howe reflects on voting for Trump after earlier criticism</a>,” by Steven Howe, Salina Post, Oct. 26.“<a href="https://www.kansascity.com/opinion/readers-opinion/guest-commentary/article294546054.html" target="_blank">My fellow conservatives, we have to split the ticket to save the US Constitution</a>,” by David Mastio, Kansas City Star, Oct. 29.“<a href="https://kaninfo.com/opinion/oops-i-voted-for-hitler-again/" target="_blank">Oops, I voted for Hitler…again</a>,” by Dane Hicks, Kansas Informer, Oct. 30.“<a href="https://www.iolaregister.com/opinion/columnists/being-a-republican-is-not-a-loyalty-test" target="_blank">Kamala Harris has what it takes</a>,” by Susan Lynn, The Iola Register, Oct. 25.Clay Wirestone is Kansas Reflector opinion editor. Through its opinion section, Kansas Reflector works to amplify the voices of people who are affected by public policies or excluded from public debate. Find information, including how to submit your own commentary,&nbsp;<a href="https://kansasreflector.com/submit-opinion/">here</a>.

OPINION: A stupefying poll shows Harris breathing down Trump’s neck in Kansas. Here’s what that means.

I attended the forum for the position of Ellis County Clerk with the two candidates, Bobbie Dreiling and Laura Allen and decided Bobbie is definitely the person we want in that position.

I found Bobbie to be an honest and sincere person and good steward of our taxpayer dollars!

Bobbie praised her staff , which were present to support her. Obviously they all have a good working relationship and friendship. To me that is a sign of a great &nbsp;leader and that is important when getting things done.

Bobbie comes with years of experience and she does her homework. She did check out a polling place on campus and discovered it wasn’t feasible. There are 1,650 students living on campus and only 69 registered to vote. The numbers just aren’t there. It’s common sense.

Ms. Allen seems to think college kids aren’t capable of knowing where and how to register to vote and to vote. These are young adults pursuing a higher education, I’m sure they can figure it out. Ms Allen seems to be focused on this one issue, voting poll on campus. I question if she truly understands what the position entails.

Bobbie doesn’t need several misleading flyers sent to our homes to get votes. Her record and job performance speaks for itself. In my opinion Bobbie deserves another 4 years, she’s proven it.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;

— Ellis County Citizen, Ruth Legleiter

I attended the forum for the position of Ellis County Clerk with the two candidates, Bobbie Dreiling and Laura Allen and decided Bobbie is definitely the person we want in that position.I found Bobbie to be an honest and sincere person and good steward of our taxpayer dollars!Bobbie praised her staff , which were present to support her. Obviously they all have a good working relationship and friendship. To me that is a sign of a great &nbsp;leader and that is important when getting things done.Bobbie comes with years of experience and she does her homework. She did check out a polling place on campus and discovered it wasn’t feasible. There are 1,650 students living on campus and only 69 registered to vote. The numbers just aren’t there. It’s common sense.Ms. Allen seems to think college kids aren’t capable of knowing where and how to register to vote and to vote. These are young adults pursuing a higher education, I’m sure they can figure it out. Ms Allen seems to be focused on this one issue, voting poll on campus. I question if she truly understands what the position entails.Bobbie doesn’t need several misleading flyers sent to our homes to get votes. Her record and job performance speaks for itself. In my opinion Bobbie deserves another 4 years, she’s proven it.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; — Ellis County Citizen, Ruth Legleiter

Letter: Dreiling's record as Ellis County Clerk speaks for itself

Normally, someone referring to hot fingers makes me think of thievery. After a recent jalapeño popper- making session, scorched fingers now come to mind.

I thought I’d learned this lesson years ago when I canned jalapeños. That time, I picked a two-gallon bucket full of the searing torches and did NOT wear gloves to deseed or defiber them. Holy cow, my hands sizzled for three solid days. I washed them repeatedly. I used high quality hand lotion. I soaked them in milk. I soaked them in baking soda. I soaked them in vinegar. Nothing alleviated that pain. The fiery sensation prevented sleep, leaving me contentious as a momma bear.

This time, I only cleaned 24 freshly-harvested peppers to make poppers, dices, and slices. Because of past experience, I wore gloves while removing seeds and internal fibers. Once I’d cut them in half, I parboiled them before filling with cream cheese and wrapping with par-cooked bacon to reduce baking time later.

I filled those little dugouts with the cream cheese, garlic, and cheddar mixture. Then I wrapped each one in a half slice of bacon, skewered with a toothpick. Again. no issues. Latex protected my fingers.

What triggered the melt-down involved 6 leftover deseeded peppers. For those who make their own poppers, you know we can’t waste a perfectly good, cleaned jalapeño. I decided to dice half and slice decorative rings from the rest.

Using gloves to finely dice something is difficult, so I tugged them off. After all, I’d removed scorching seeds and combustible guts. Surely, I was safe. Yeah, right….

Acting like the queen of cutting boards and sharp knives, I slivered those babies and diced them into tiny bits to toss into soups and casseroles this winter. So finely chopped, it took a while to collect the bits into a container, but my nerve cells remained calm for that moment.

Once I got the slivered bits in the bag, nerve receptors hit the alert button, which I ignored. What the heck? I’d washed ‘em and set out cleaned, whole peppers for decorative slicing. While I didn’t think I’d contacted innards, sensory detectors disagreed. Suddenly, a three-alarm fire nipped at every finger-tip on both hands. I had to finish the job, so I worked through the pain and stored those pretty little rings to garnish winter meals.

After tucking those fiery treasures into the freezer, I washed and washed and washed agonized flesh. I coated it with lanoline-based creams. That helped for a minute or two before jalapeño capsaicin re-activated. Clearly, pepper flesh contains chemical enough to trigger nerve endings even when seeds and stringy flesh are removed.

While six of those poppers roasted enticingly in the oven, I continued washing with soap and water over and over and over. Frankly, I didn’t expect relief after that three-day marathon of burning flesh a few decades ago. The good news is this time wearing gloves prevented that. I may have gotten a reminder of that experience, but soap and water finally did the trick, letting nerve endings calm.

Lesson learned. No matter how awkward it is to wear gloves while dicing jalapeños, do it anyway. The poppers tasted great, by the way. I think I’ll throw on a pair of gloves and make a second batch to carry us through coming cold days.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2024/10/1730127838287.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By KAREN MADORINNormally, someone referring to hot fingers makes me think of thievery. After a recent jalapeño popper- making session, scorched fingers now come to mind.I thought I’d learned this lesson years ago when I canned jalapeños. That time, I picked a two-gallon bucket full of the searing torches and did NOT wear gloves to deseed or defiber them. Holy cow, my hands sizzled for three solid days. I washed them repeatedly. I used high quality hand lotion. I soaked them in milk. I soaked them in baking soda. I soaked them in vinegar. Nothing alleviated that pain. The fiery sensation prevented sleep, leaving me contentious as a momma bear.This time, I only cleaned 24 freshly-harvested peppers to make poppers, dices, and slices. Because of past experience, I wore gloves while removing seeds and internal fibers. Once I’d cut them in half, I parboiled them before filling with cream cheese and wrapping with par-cooked bacon to reduce baking time later.I filled those little dugouts with the cream cheese, garlic, and cheddar mixture. Then I wrapped each one in a half slice of bacon, skewered with a toothpick. Again. no issues. Latex protected my fingers.What triggered the melt-down involved 6 leftover deseeded peppers. For those who make their own poppers, you know we can’t waste a perfectly good, cleaned jalapeño. I decided to dice half and slice decorative rings from the rest.Using gloves to finely dice something is difficult, so I tugged them off. After all, I’d removed scorching seeds and combustible guts. Surely, I was safe. Yeah, right….Acting like the queen of cutting boards and sharp knives, I slivered those babies and diced them into tiny bits to toss into soups and casseroles this winter. So finely chopped, it took a while to collect the bits into a container, but my nerve cells remained calm for that moment.Once I got the slivered bits in the bag, nerve receptors hit the alert button, which I ignored. What the heck? I’d washed ‘em and set out cleaned, whole peppers for decorative slicing. While I didn’t think I’d contacted innards, sensory detectors disagreed. Suddenly, a three-alarm fire nipped at every finger-tip on both hands. I had to finish the job, so I worked through the pain and stored those pretty little rings to garnish winter meals.After tucking those fiery treasures into the freezer, I washed and washed and washed agonized flesh. I coated it with lanoline-based creams. That helped for a minute or two before jalapeño capsaicin re-activated. Clearly, pepper flesh contains chemical enough to trigger nerve endings even when seeds and stringy flesh are removed.While six of those poppers roasted enticingly in the oven, I continued washing with soap and water over and over and over. Frankly, I didn’t expect relief after that three-day marathon of burning flesh a few decades ago. The good news is this time wearing gloves prevented that. I may have gotten a reminder of that experience, but soap and water finally did the trick, letting nerve endings calm.Lesson learned. No matter how awkward it is to wear gloves while dicing jalapeños, do it anyway. The poppers tasted great, by the way. I think I’ll throw on a pair of gloves and make a second batch to carry us through coming cold days.

MADORIN: Hot fingers

This general election, Rooks County residents will have a chance to weigh in on updating the county’s longstanding liquor by the drink regulation. Since 1987, Kansas counties have had the option to opt out of a rule, known as the “30% Food Rule,” which requires businesses to earn a minimum of 30% of their gross receipts from food sales in order to serve liquor by the drink. Forty-seven counties have already opted out by instituting a "0% Food Rule" as of January 2024.

As a semi-dry county, Rooks County currently mandates that any business selling liquor by the drink must derive at least 30% of its revenue from food. However, on Tuesday, November 5, voters will now decide: “Shall sale of alcoholic liquor by the individual drink in Rooks County be allowed in public places without a requirement that any portion of their gross receipts be from sales of food?”

I urge everyone to vote YES on the proposal to allow the sale of liquor by the drink without the burdensome food sales requirement.

For too long, Rooks County has limited the potential for new and diverse businesses to thrive. By eliminating the mandate that establishments serving liquor must derive at least 30% of their revenue from food, we can align ourselves with the Kansas counties that have already embraced this modernization,&nbsp;including three neighboring counties - Ellis, Phillips, and Graham. This change will provide local entrepreneurs the flexibility to explore a range of business models, from sports bars to breweries, cocktail lounges to distilleries, and more. Personally, as the owner of Letha's Events in Downtown Plainville, I would love to be able to provide bartending services at public events in our recently renovated space, without the need to offer a complete food menu as well.

Imagine the economic benefits as new establishments open their doors, filling vacant spaces and attracting visitors from neighboring communities. The potential for growth is significant, and by voting YES, we can remove the red tape that has held us back.

Let’s make Rooks County a vibrant place for both residents and visitors. Vote YES to modernize our liquor by the drink law and pave the way for economic development and greater choice in our community.

<figure>
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 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>This general election, Rooks County residents will have a chance to weigh in on updating the county’s longstanding liquor by the drink regulation. Since 1987, Kansas counties have had the option to opt out of a rule, known as the “30% Food Rule,” which requires businesses to earn a minimum of 30% of their gross receipts from food sales in order to serve liquor by the drink. Forty-seven counties have already opted out by instituting a "0% Food Rule" as of January 2024.As a semi-dry county, Rooks County currently mandates that any business selling liquor by the drink must derive at least 30% of its revenue from food. However, on Tuesday, November 5, voters will now decide: “Shall sale of alcoholic liquor by the individual drink in Rooks County be allowed in public places without a requirement that any portion of their gross receipts be from sales of food?”I urge everyone to vote YES on the proposal to allow the sale of liquor by the drink without the burdensome food sales requirement.For too long, Rooks County has limited the potential for new and diverse businesses to thrive. By eliminating the mandate that establishments serving liquor must derive at least 30% of their revenue from food, we can align ourselves with the Kansas counties that have already embraced this modernization,&nbsp;including three neighboring counties - Ellis, Phillips, and Graham. This change will provide local entrepreneurs the flexibility to explore a range of business models, from sports bars to breweries, cocktail lounges to distilleries, and more. Personally, as the owner of Letha's Events in Downtown Plainville, I would love to be able to provide bartending services at public events in our recently renovated space, without the need to offer a complete food menu as well.Imagine the economic benefits as new establishments open their doors, filling vacant spaces and attracting visitors from neighboring communities. The potential for growth is significant, and by voting YES, we can remove the red tape that has held us back.Let’s make Rooks County a vibrant place for both residents and visitors. Vote YES to modernize our liquor by the drink law and pave the way for economic development and greater choice in our community.Sincerely, &nbsp;Ashley ComeauRooks County Resident&nbsp;&nbsp;

Letter to the Editor: Vote yes for modernizing liquor sales in Rooks Co.

By ALICIA BOOR Cottonwood Extension District

Make plans to attend the Central Kansas Beef Summit on Tuesday, November 19th, 2024, from 9:00 am – 3:15 pm. The event will be highlighted by a presentation on managing cold stress in livestock and calving preparedness. This presentation is given by KSU Beef Extension Veterinarian AJ Tarpoff.

In addition to Dr. Tarpoff, the program will offer breakout sessions where attendees can pick and choose which topics apply to them. This year’s breakout topics will cover fence law &amp; leases, livestock risk protection insurance, strategies for managing woody encroachment, trees and brush, and feed testing techniques.

The day will conclude with a presentation by the staff at the Kansas Agriculture Mediation Services.

The summit will be held at the Ellsworth Health &amp; Recreation Center located at 221 West Douglas Ave, Ellsworth KS 67439. This program will be a collaboration among numerous K-State Research and Extension districts and will give producers a better chance to not only hear from industry leaders, but to also take part in conversation with one another.  

Make sure to RSVP by November 12th to reserve a meal. The cost to attend is $10 or late registration will be $15 at the door.

For more information on the event, or to register, please call Livestock Production Agent Clint Laflin at 785-483-3157 or send him an email at cllaflin@ksu.edu. This event has been generously sponsored by several agribusinesses in collaboration with K-State Research and Extension Districts, Midway, Central KS, Cottonwood, Midway, River Valley, Phillips/Rooks, and Post Rock. We look forward to you joining us!

Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1698682262753.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By ALICIA BOOR Cottonwood Extension DistrictMake plans to attend the Central Kansas Beef Summit on Tuesday, November 19th, 2024, from 9:00 am – 3:15 pm. The event will be highlighted by a presentation on managing cold stress in livestock and calving preparedness. This presentation is given by KSU Beef Extension Veterinarian AJ Tarpoff.In addition to Dr. Tarpoff, the program will offer breakout sessions where attendees can pick and choose which topics apply to them. This year’s breakout topics will cover fence law &amp; leases, livestock risk protection insurance, strategies for managing woody encroachment, trees and brush, and feed testing techniques.The day will conclude with a presentation by the staff at the Kansas Agriculture Mediation Services.The summit will be held at the Ellsworth Health &amp; Recreation Center located at 221 West Douglas Ave, Ellsworth KS 67439. This program will be a collaboration among numerous K-State Research and Extension districts and will give producers a better chance to not only hear from industry leaders, but to also take part in conversation with one another.  Make sure to RSVP by November 12th to reserve a meal. The cost to attend is $10 or late registration will be $15 at the door.For more information on the event, or to register, please call Livestock Production Agent Clint Laflin at 785-483-3157 or send him an email at cllaflin@ksu.edu. This event has been generously sponsored by several agribusinesses in collaboration with K-State Research and Extension Districts, Midway, Central KS, Cottonwood, Midway, River Valley, Phillips/Rooks, and Post Rock. We look forward to you joining us!Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

BOOR: Central Kanas Beef Summit Program to be hosted in Ellsworth

By KARISSA WINKEL Cottonwood Extension District

Health numbers can tell us a lot about the condition of our bodies, and one that many of us pay close attention to is cholesterol. However, it can be tricky to understand what cholesterol numbers mean and how to keep them in check.

Cholesterol is a waxy substance found in blood lipids, and it's an essential component the body uses to build and maintain healthy cells and hormones. While cholesterol is important for good health, it’s a measurement that many of us struggle to control. This is because cholesterol can take on two forms that impact the body differently.

One form is low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) which is known as “bad” cholesterol. The other form, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) is “good” cholesterol.

Too much LDL creates plaque that can accumulate and clog the arteries causing heart disease and stroke. On the other hand, HDL is good because it helps clean artery walls and carry away excess LDL. This is why it’s smart to keep LDL cholesterol under 100 and HDL at 60 or above. Together, the total amount of cholesterol circulating in the blood should be under 200. This is known as “total cholesterol.”

High cholesterol has no symptoms and many people are unaware of their risk. However, factors that can increase the risk of developing high cholesterol such as diet and physical activity are modifiable.

For instance, about 25% of cholesterol comes from foods such as meat, fish, and dairy while the rest is made by the human body. This is how a person’s diet can influence the type of cholesterol in one’s body. Eating a diet rich in unsaturated fats including omega-3 fatty acids promotes the production of HDL. Sources like avocado, walnuts, and olive oil can help. Also, adding soluble fiber can help to remove

LDL, and reducing red meat and full-fat dairy products can lower the amount of LDL introduced to the body.

Along with good nutrition, adequate physical activity improves total cholesterol. Cardiovascular exercises like swimming and running work to reduce bad cholesterol by increasing HDL. Resistance training also plays a part in enhancing the benefits of cardio. Including weights, resistance bands, and bodyweight movements in your routine can make an impact.

Of course, not all risk factors are controllable. For example, age, family history, and gender can play a part. However, lifestyle factors like a heart-healthy diet, regular exercise, and weight management help to reduce your risk of heart disease and stroke. So, do your part to take control of cholesterol; you might just realize how much better you feel.

Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.

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 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1697546908793.jpeg" alt=" " />
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 </figure>By KARISSA WINKEL Cottonwood Extension DistrictHealth numbers can tell us a lot about the condition of our bodies, and one that many of us pay close attention to is cholesterol. However, it can be tricky to understand what cholesterol numbers mean and how to keep them in check.Cholesterol is a waxy substance found in blood lipids, and it's an essential component the body uses to build and maintain healthy cells and hormones. While cholesterol is important for good health, it’s a measurement that many of us struggle to control. This is because cholesterol can take on two forms that impact the body differently.One form is low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) which is known as “bad” cholesterol. The other form, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) is “good” cholesterol.Too much LDL creates plaque that can accumulate and clog the arteries causing heart disease and stroke. On the other hand, HDL is good because it helps clean artery walls and carry away excess LDL. This is why it’s smart to keep LDL cholesterol under 100 and HDL at 60 or above. Together, the total amount of cholesterol circulating in the blood should be under 200. This is known as “total cholesterol.”High cholesterol has no symptoms and many people are unaware of their risk. However, factors that can increase the risk of developing high cholesterol such as diet and physical activity are modifiable.For instance, about 25% of cholesterol comes from foods such as meat, fish, and dairy while the rest is made by the human body. This is how a person’s diet can influence the type of cholesterol in one’s body. Eating a diet rich in unsaturated fats including omega-3 fatty acids promotes the production of HDL. Sources like avocado, walnuts, and olive oil can help. Also, adding soluble fiber can help to removeLDL, and reducing red meat and full-fat dairy products can lower the amount of LDL introduced to the body.Along with good nutrition, adequate physical activity improves total cholesterol. Cardiovascular exercises like swimming and running work to reduce bad cholesterol by increasing HDL. Resistance training also plays a part in enhancing the benefits of cardio. Including weights, resistance bands, and bodyweight movements in your routine can make an impact.Of course, not all risk factors are controllable. For example, age, family history, and gender can play a part. However, lifestyle factors like a heart-healthy diet, regular exercise, and weight management help to reduce your risk of heart disease and stroke. So, do your part to take control of cholesterol; you might just realize how much better you feel.Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.

WINKEL: Take control of cholesterol

By STEVE GILLILAND Exploring Kansas Outdoors

I’m always raving about all the wildlife and outdoor adventures we have here in Kansas, but much like an inverse bucket list, there are also things I’m glad we DON’T have here. The other night I watched a TV show about the Florida Everglades. The host of the show was there to try and catch a monster everglades bull shark, and as sort of a rite-of-passage, his local guides made him first swim with alligators and then help them catch a huge python snake which are an invasive species to the everglades and are wreaking havoc with its fragile ecosystem. I used to trap muskrats in the McPherson Valley wetlands just outside Inman, which involves wading around in marshes of cattails and marsh grass that look a little like areas of the Everglades. I’m eternally grateful I don’t have to keep my eyes peeled for gators and pythons; geez, I’m glad we don’t have those in Kansas.

I think Joyce and I must have been storm chasers in a previous life; when the tornado sirens blare and the TV weathers guys are yellin’ at us to get in our storm cellars or go to the basement, we’re bustin’ out lawn chairs and watching for the twister, despite the devastation they can cause. Some of the memories I’ll take with me to the grave are pictures and news footage showing all the absolute devastation caused by the hurricanes recently in North Carolina and Florida. So as much as I’d like to own some oceanfront property here in Kansas, I’ll take the occasional tornado that can wipe out parts of towns along its way over a hurricane or tsunami that can wipe out the entire state; geez I’m glad we don’t have those in Kansas.

Dad had a place in a nice “snowbird park” in Mesa Arizona, and one of the activities he enjoyed was picking oranges, lemons and grapefruits with other guys from the park. The Mesa and Scottsdale areas are havens for citrus fruit trees. There are acres of commercial orange groves within the Mesa city limits, plus many homeowners have citrus trees in their backyards like homeowners in Kansas have apple, apricot and pear trees. And like homeowners here, many people don’t want or use most of the citrus fruit from those trees. Each February a crew of guys from dad’s park would go one day each week and pick unwanted fruit for homeowners, then bag the fruit and take it back to the park and put it out for any residents who want it. Many of the homeowners even gave the guys gas money for picking and taking their unwanted fruit. It was a win-win deal all the way around, but the homeowners there seemed much more serious about getting rid of their unwanted oranges, lemons and grapefruit than homeowners here are about getting rid of their unwanted fruit, and I often wondered why. I found out it’s because of a rodent called a “roof rat.”

Roof rats are also known as black rats (but are not really black) and are slightly distinguished from other rats by the length of their tails which are longer than their bodies. Roof rats are historically thought to be the vermin that spread the Plague or Black Death during the Middle Ages. They were first noticed in the Phoenix AZ area in 2001, and have become a problem throughout the area because fresh fruit and especially citrus fruit is their favorite meal. I found a website maintained by Maricopa County AZ, which contains the cities of Phoenix, Scottsdale and Mesa, called www.roofrat.net. Its mission statement reads “To help neighborhoods work, donate quality fruit and eradicate roof rats.” On a list of roof rats preferred foods, the top 6 were citrus fruits, which according to the website they will even eat off the tree. To help eradicate roof rats, the website urges homeowners to “Promptly and completely pick all

fruit (ripe or not) on citrus and other fruit and nut trees and pick up all fallen fruit every season.” I was told that Scottsdale residents may even incur a hefty fine for not doing so. Roof rats nest in attics, hedges and even in trees.

Maybe writing this column was a lesson in just how good we Kansans have it compared to some other states. Yes, we have ticks and brown spiders which both require our respect. We have earth shattering thunderstorms and tornados, but not hurricanes. We have bull snakes, rat snakes and the occasional prairie rattler, but not gators and pythons. We have mice, rats and pack rats (which can be a problem if not discovered,) but not roof rats to eat the fruit off our trees and infest our neighborhoods. Geez I’m glad we don’t have those in Kansas!

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574696211722.png" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By STEVE GILLILAND Exploring Kansas OutdoorsI’m always raving about all the wildlife and outdoor adventures we have here in Kansas, but much like an inverse bucket list, there are also things I’m glad we DON’T have here. The other night I watched a TV show about the Florida Everglades. The host of the show was there to try and catch a monster everglades bull shark, and as sort of a rite-of-passage, his local guides made him first swim with alligators and then help them catch a huge python snake which are an invasive species to the everglades and are wreaking havoc with its fragile ecosystem. I used to trap muskrats in the McPherson Valley wetlands just outside Inman, which involves wading around in marshes of cattails and marsh grass that look a little like areas of the Everglades. I’m eternally grateful I don’t have to keep my eyes peeled for gators and pythons; geez, I’m glad we don’t have those in Kansas.I think Joyce and I must have been storm chasers in a previous life; when the tornado sirens blare and the TV weathers guys are yellin’ at us to get in our storm cellars or go to the basement, we’re bustin’ out lawn chairs and watching for the twister, despite the devastation they can cause. Some of the memories I’ll take with me to the grave are pictures and news footage showing all the absolute devastation caused by the hurricanes recently in North Carolina and Florida. So as much as I’d like to own some oceanfront property here in Kansas, I’ll take the occasional tornado that can wipe out parts of towns along its way over a hurricane or tsunami that can wipe out the entire state; geez I’m glad we don’t have those in Kansas.Dad had a place in a nice “snowbird park” in Mesa Arizona, and one of the activities he enjoyed was picking oranges, lemons and grapefruits with other guys from the park. The Mesa and Scottsdale areas are havens for citrus fruit trees. There are acres of commercial orange groves within the Mesa city limits, plus many homeowners have citrus trees in their backyards like homeowners in Kansas have apple, apricot and pear trees. And like homeowners here, many people don’t want or use most of the citrus fruit from those trees. Each February a crew of guys from dad’s park would go one day each week and pick unwanted fruit for homeowners, then bag the fruit and take it back to the park and put it out for any residents who want it. Many of the homeowners even gave the guys gas money for picking and taking their unwanted fruit. It was a win-win deal all the way around, but the homeowners there seemed much more serious about getting rid of their unwanted oranges, lemons and grapefruit than homeowners here are about getting rid of their unwanted fruit, and I often wondered why. I found out it’s because of a rodent called a “roof rat.”Roof rats are also known as black rats (but are not really black) and are slightly distinguished from other rats by the length of their tails which are longer than their bodies. Roof rats are historically thought to be the vermin that spread the Plague or Black Death during the Middle Ages. They were first noticed in the Phoenix AZ area in 2001, and have become a problem throughout the area because fresh fruit and especially citrus fruit is their favorite meal. I found a website maintained by Maricopa County AZ, which contains the cities of Phoenix, Scottsdale and Mesa, called www.roofrat.net. Its mission statement reads “To help neighborhoods work, donate quality fruit and eradicate roof rats.” On a list of roof rats preferred foods, the top 6 were citrus fruits, which according to the website they will even eat off the tree. To help eradicate roof rats, the website urges homeowners to “Promptly and completely pick allfruit (ripe or not) on citrus and other fruit and nut trees and pick up all fallen fruit every season.” I was told that Scottsdale residents may even incur a hefty fine for not doing so. Roof rats nest in attics, hedges and even in trees.Maybe writing this column was a lesson in just how good we Kansans have it compared to some other states. Yes, we have ticks and brown spiders which both require our respect. We have earth shattering thunderstorms and tornados, but not hurricanes. We have bull snakes, rat snakes and the occasional prairie rattler, but not gators and pythons. We have mice, rats and pack rats (which can be a problem if not discovered,) but not roof rats to eat the fruit off our trees and infest our neighborhoods. Geez I’m glad we don’t have those in Kansas!Steve can be contacted by email at stevenrgilliland@gmail.com.

Exploring Kansas Outdoors: Geez I’m glad we don’t have those in Kansas

By RUSSELL FOX Insight Kansas

Most voters make their decisions for various unreflective reasons; engaging in a prolonged internal struggle over whether or not to support any particular candidate, especially a candidate nominated by a party which the voter identifies with, just isn’t typical behavior.

Donald Trump, though, has never been a typical candidate; he’s always been a contentious one. There is less talk today of “Never Trumpers,” as many of those Republicans who opposed Trump’s rise to dominance within the GOP have left the party. But not all have—even in Kansas, a state that gave Trump 56% of the popular vote in 2016 and 2020, and will likely do so again.

Given that Kansas Republicans have historically divided into moderate and conservative factions, perhaps the fact that there remains a small but persistent number of Republicans who still reject Trump’s control over the GOP isn’t surprising. Stephanie Sharp, a Republican who served three terms in the Kansas House, is one of the prime movers behind&nbsp;<a href="https://www.women4us.org/">Women 4 U.S.</a>, a national organization of self-identifying conservative women working against Trump’s return to the White House. Steven Howe, current Republican member of the Kansas House, condemned Trump’s “<a href="https://salinapost.com/posts/33c904d2-daa4-4be1-9579-7144c08488a5">deceit and lies</a>” and plead with his own party to turn away from their support for the former president. And then there is U.S. Senator Jerry Moran, the only one of the Republicans which Kansans have elected to Congress who has&nbsp;<a href="https://www.kansascity.com/opinion/readers-opinion/guest-commentary/article292202050.html">declined to endorse Trump</a>&nbsp;for president. While he’s never directly condemned Trump either, this is a man who, if you’ve&nbsp;<a href="https://inmedias.blogspot.com/2019/03/a-tale-of-two-congressmen-with-10-point.html">paid attention to his speeches over the years</a>, clearly has little respect for the leader of his own party.

I also have to include here a deeply conservative friend of mine, a life-long Republican voter who finds Trump’s dismissive attitude towards both the law and the truth utterly disqualifying, despite mostly agreeing with Trump on matters of policy.

He, like those mentioned above, knows that his opposition won’t significantly affect voting results in Kansas; it’s a given that Kansas’s electoral college votes will go to Donald Trump.

But what will that result have on the longstanding divide within Kansas’s dominant political party? All political parties deal with internal divisions over policy priorities, but a rejection of the person who leads the party itself? The Bernie Sanders faction of the Democratic party, despite its grievances, made its peace with and supported both Hillary Clinton and Joe Biden, and is set to do the same for Kamala Harris, whereas the absence of any Trump-critical Republicans from the current GOP campaign—from Mitt Romney to Lynn Cheney to Mike Pence--suggests a division quite unlike the divides Kansas Republican faced over Governor Brownback, for example.

I think of another friend, a smart and passionate GOP volunteer, who is entirely on board with the MAGA line: that Trump won the election in 2020, and that Trump’s actions to challenge being denied his supposed win were justified, despite the violence involved. Assuming neither of my friends change their minds, how can their party accommodate such a stark division?

Perhaps by just ignoring it? (It’s notable that Rep. Howe has faced no intra-party challenge in his re-election race). Or if Trump loses, maybe find common ground by treating the past decade as just a strange, rough patch in party history, something that historians will have to figure out?

Neither of those options will be available if Trump wins, or just refuses once again to accept his loss. So long a Trump’s presence endures, I would anticipate that a small but persistent fracture will remain in our state Republican politics. Who knows how long it will take for it to heal then?

Dr. Russell Arben Fox teaches politics at Friends University in Wichita, KS

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/7/1690389122282.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By RUSSELL FOX Insight KansasMost voters make their decisions for various unreflective reasons; engaging in a prolonged internal struggle over whether or not to support any particular candidate, especially a candidate nominated by a party which the voter identifies with, just isn’t typical behavior.Donald Trump, though, has never been a typical candidate; he’s always been a contentious one. There is less talk today of “Never Trumpers,” as many of those Republicans who opposed Trump’s rise to dominance within the GOP have left the party. But not all have—even in Kansas, a state that gave Trump 56% of the popular vote in 2016 and 2020, and will likely do so again.Given that Kansas Republicans have historically divided into moderate and conservative factions, perhaps the fact that there remains a small but persistent number of Republicans who still reject Trump’s control over the GOP isn’t surprising. Stephanie Sharp, a Republican who served three terms in the Kansas House, is one of the prime movers behind&nbsp;<a href="https://www.women4us.org/">Women 4 U.S.</a>, a national organization of self-identifying conservative women working against Trump’s return to the White House. Steven Howe, current Republican member of the Kansas House, condemned Trump’s “<a href="https://salinapost.com/posts/33c904d2-daa4-4be1-9579-7144c08488a5">deceit and lies</a>” and plead with his own party to turn away from their support for the former president. And then there is U.S. Senator Jerry Moran, the only one of the Republicans which Kansans have elected to Congress who has&nbsp;<a href="https://www.kansascity.com/opinion/readers-opinion/guest-commentary/article292202050.html">declined to endorse Trump</a>&nbsp;for president. While he’s never directly condemned Trump either, this is a man who, if you’ve&nbsp;<a href="https://inmedias.blogspot.com/2019/03/a-tale-of-two-congressmen-with-10-point.html">paid attention to his speeches over the years</a>, clearly has little respect for the leader of his own party.I also have to include here a deeply conservative friend of mine, a life-long Republican voter who finds Trump’s dismissive attitude towards both the law and the truth utterly disqualifying, despite mostly agreeing with Trump on matters of policy.He, like those mentioned above, knows that his opposition won’t significantly affect voting results in Kansas; it’s a given that Kansas’s electoral college votes will go to Donald Trump.But what will that result have on the longstanding divide within Kansas’s dominant political party? All political parties deal with internal divisions over policy priorities, but a rejection of the person who leads the party itself? The Bernie Sanders faction of the Democratic party, despite its grievances, made its peace with and supported both Hillary Clinton and Joe Biden, and is set to do the same for Kamala Harris, whereas the absence of any Trump-critical Republicans from the current GOP campaign—from Mitt Romney to Lynn Cheney to Mike Pence--suggests a division quite unlike the divides Kansas Republican faced over Governor Brownback, for example.I think of another friend, a smart and passionate GOP volunteer, who is entirely on board with the MAGA line: that Trump won the election in 2020, and that Trump’s actions to challenge being denied his supposed win were justified, despite the violence involved. Assuming neither of my friends change their minds, how can their party accommodate such a stark division?Perhaps by just ignoring it? (It’s notable that Rep. Howe has faced no intra-party challenge in his re-election race). Or if Trump loses, maybe find common ground by treating the past decade as just a strange, rough patch in party history, something that historians will have to figure out?Neither of those options will be available if Trump wins, or just refuses once again to accept his loss. So long a Trump’s presence endures, I would anticipate that a small but persistent fracture will remain in our state Republican politics. Who knows how long it will take for it to heal then?Dr. Russell Arben Fox teaches politics at Friends University in Wichita, KS

INSIGHT KANSAS:  Kansas Republicans and the problem of Donald Trump

Shattercane (Sorghum bicolor), sometimes called wild cane or black amber, is the same species as our domesticated sorghums. Some authorities give it the subspecies name drummondii to distinguish it from our cultivated varieties, though the taxonomy of this genus is often debated. What is certain, though, is that shattercane easily cross-pollinates with cultivated sorghums via insects and wind-dispersed pollen and also cross-pollinates with its weedy relative johnsongrass (Sorghum halapense).

Ecology - A native of Africa, this species is now widespread in areas of the world where domesticated grain or forage sorghums are grown. It is possible that sorghum arrived in the U.S. as early as the 1600s, but reliable records indicate that several documented introductions occurred in the early 1800s. Shattercane can be utilized by livestock as a forage, but it can accumulate toxic nitrates and prussic acid under certain conditions. Undigested seeds can be spread in manure applied to fields. Shattercane seeds can also be buoyant, allowing for dispersal in moving water. Birds and small mammals utilize its seeds. Shattercane is a host species for disease and insect pests of sorghum and corn. Yield losses from shattercane interference can be as high as 70% in corn and greater than 95% in soybeans.

Identification- shattercane is a warm-season plant growing up to 12 feet tall. The plant is quite variable in growth habits and tolerant of both heat and drought. The stems are unbranched, but the plant tillers at the base to form clumps. The leaves are generally smooth and display a prominent midrib. They can be up to 20 inches long and 2 inches wide. It has a short membranous ligule with a fringe of hairs at the top. The inflorescence is typically a loose panicle with several pendulous (drooping) racemes (branches). Seeds are dark brown and typically covered with deep purple to black chaff. The panicles, which can number from one to six per plant, produce between 500 and 1500 seeds each. A special layer of abscission cells at the base of the seeds allows them to easily dislodge (shatter) at maturity, giving the plant its common name. Management -to see the detailed herbicide management practices for shattercane control in soybean, sunflower, corn, grain and forage sorghum. Go to https://eupdate.agronomy.ksu.edu and see the Oct. 10th issue of the K-State Agronomy eUpdate.

To prevent the spread of shattercane seeds by harvesting infested fields last (where possible), thoroughly cleaning harvest equipment before moving to a new field, and controlling shattercane in ditches and roadways. These cultural control methods are good integrated weed management practices regardless of which crop is being grown.

Information provided by Sarah Lancaster and Patrick Geier, K-State Research &amp; Extension Weed Management Specialist.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266615291.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By STACY CAMPBELL Cottonwood Extension DistrictShattercane (Sorghum bicolor), sometimes called wild cane or black amber, is the same species as our domesticated sorghums. Some authorities give it the subspecies name drummondii to distinguish it from our cultivated varieties, though the taxonomy of this genus is often debated. What is certain, though, is that shattercane easily cross-pollinates with cultivated sorghums via insects and wind-dispersed pollen and also cross-pollinates with its weedy relative johnsongrass (Sorghum halapense).Ecology - A native of Africa, this species is now widespread in areas of the world where domesticated grain or forage sorghums are grown. It is possible that sorghum arrived in the U.S. as early as the 1600s, but reliable records indicate that several documented introductions occurred in the early 1800s. Shattercane can be utilized by livestock as a forage, but it can accumulate toxic nitrates and prussic acid under certain conditions. Undigested seeds can be spread in manure applied to fields. Shattercane seeds can also be buoyant, allowing for dispersal in moving water. Birds and small mammals utilize its seeds. Shattercane is a host species for disease and insect pests of sorghum and corn. Yield losses from shattercane interference can be as high as 70% in corn and greater than 95% in soybeans.Identification- shattercane is a warm-season plant growing up to 12 feet tall. The plant is quite variable in growth habits and tolerant of both heat and drought. The stems are unbranched, but the plant tillers at the base to form clumps. The leaves are generally smooth and display a prominent midrib. They can be up to 20 inches long and 2 inches wide. It has a short membranous ligule with a fringe of hairs at the top. The inflorescence is typically a loose panicle with several pendulous (drooping) racemes (branches). Seeds are dark brown and typically covered with deep purple to black chaff. The panicles, which can number from one to six per plant, produce between 500 and 1500 seeds each. A special layer of abscission cells at the base of the seeds allows them to easily dislodge (shatter) at maturity, giving the plant its common name. Management -to see the detailed herbicide management practices for shattercane control in soybean, sunflower, corn, grain and forage sorghum. Go to https://eupdate.agronomy.ksu.edu and see the Oct. 10th issue of the K-State Agronomy eUpdate.To prevent the spread of shattercane seeds by harvesting infested fields last (where possible), thoroughly cleaning harvest equipment before moving to a new field, and controlling shattercane in ditches and roadways. These cultural control methods are good integrated weed management practices regardless of which crop is being grown.Information provided by Sarah Lancaster and Patrick Geier, K-State Research &amp; Extension Weed Management Specialist.Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: Shattercane weed

By TISA MASON Fort Hays State University President

As October marks Cybersecurity Awareness Month nationwide, Fort Hays State University (FHSU) stands at the forefront of cybersecurity education and innovation through its Cybersecurity Institute and Technology Incubator (CITI). Focused on enhancing the cybersecurity landscape, CITI is poised to not only elevate the cybersecurity posture of Kansas but also to foster business ventures that leverage technological advancements in the region.

CITI's mission is to leverage the distinctive strengths of FHSU to advance the Kansas economy, particularly in asset preservation and entrepreneurial development. “Our goal is to collaborate with local community partners to build a robust cybersecurity framework and fortify defenses against the growing cyber threats that impact small and medium-sized businesses across the state,” said Jason Zeller, CITI’s operations director.

Central to CITI's efforts lies a commitment to developing a pipeline of skilled cybersecurity professionals capable of empowering local businesses. The institute actively promotes micro-internships, which allow students to engage with real-world projects that enhance the cybersecurity readiness of local businesses. Through this innovative approach, CITI bridges the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application, enabling students to apply their learning meaningfully.

Gage Giffin, a sophomore from Sedgwick, Kansas, became aware of CITI during a Cybersecurity Club meeting and quickly seized the opportunity for a summer micro-internship. “My experience as a lab assistant in the CITI CyberLab has been invaluable. I maintain computers, manage server applications, and build cybersecurity testing environments. I’ve explored vital areas like firewalls and virtualization security, which has paved the way for a promising career in DevOps—a critical sector in cybersecurity,” Gage said.

Caden Mayer, another sophomore and fellow CyberLab assistant, has also made significant contributions by helping to establish infrastructure and support environments for other students. Recognizing the vital role of education in preparing future cybersecurity professionals, Caden said, “This semester, I’ve taught Hays High School students about servers and their applications. Understanding cybersecurity is essential—it’s everywhere, and being proactive is crucial.”

Through micro-internships, CITI offers various services to meet the diverse needs of businesses seeking cybersecurity support. These services include website development, security reviews, basic and advanced network setup, and vulnerability assessments. These services will help local businesses understand and rectify their cybersecurity posture, a need that Chance Anderson—a graduate assistant at CITI—has recognized through his experiences.

Chance chose FHSU for its unique offerings, stating, “The people here make FHSU exceptional. The professors genuinely care about my success. Additionally, pursuing my bachelor’s and

graduate degrees with minimal debt is a significant advantage. Our cybersecurity program emphasizes real-world application, allowing ample hands-on experience rather than endless textbook readings. I’ve honed technical and soft skills, learning that every business presents unique challenges requiring tailored cybersecurity solutions.”

Reflecting on his experiences, Chance explains, “I’ve encountered many local businesses that lack essential cybersecurity resources, and it’s our role at CITI to address these gaps. We’re here to help navigate the increasingly complex cybersecurity landscape.” Drawing on his leadership background as a former president of the Cybersecurity Club, he underscores the need to connect student talent with community requirements, ensuring no local business remains vulnerable to cyber threats.

Despite CITI's robust initiatives, challenges persist, particularly in getting the word out to small businesses about the available support. FHSU is actively seeking a Business Relations Director to amplify awareness of CITI’s offerings. Our greatest obstacle is effectively reaching out to companies to show them that we’re ready and equipped to support their IT and cybersecurity needs.

While micro-internships are the foundation for student engagement, CITI emphasizes venture creation through its in-residence business incubator. The incubator is designed to cultivate tech and cybersecurity startups that can flourish within Kansas. CITI aims to transform innovative ideas into successful business ventures by providing specialized guidance and support.

Jason said the incubator will initially focus on nurturing one to two startups with potential future referrals to the Small Business Development Center (SBDC) as they mature. He said, " Our mission is to facilitate the development of new businesses in sectors that align with Kansas's unique opportunities.”

As Cybersecurity Awareness Month highlights the critical need to protect digital assets, CITI's initiatives align perfectly with the broader mission to foster a secure digital community. The institute's strategy balances education, community outreach, and business development, illustrating a comprehensive approach to bolster local businesses and empower students.

Moreover, CITI’s dedicated faculty and staff remain passionate about the future of cybersecurity education and the growing professional opportunities it presents. With more than 700,000 job openings in the United States, the demand for cybersecurity experts is expanding rapidly. FHSU’s cybersecurity program equips students with the foundational knowledge and hands-on skills necessary to tackle real-world challenges effectively.

Among CITI’s offerings, students can pursue either a Bachelor of Science or a Bachelor of Arts in Information Networking and Telecommunications, with a concentration in cybersecurity, or opt for a Master of Professional Studies in Cybersecurity. The curriculum is meticulously crafted to prepare students for various professional certifications, including Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) and Palo Alto Networks Network Security Administrator (PCNSA). This robust training ensures graduates are well-equipped to navigate the increasingly competitive job market.

As Cybersecurity Awareness Month prompts organizations and individuals to elevate their vigilance against cyber threats, CITI stands as a beacon of support and innovation in Kansas. By leveraging FHSU's educational resources, fostering entrepreneurship, and enhancing

community engagement through student internships, CITI is transforming the region's cybersecurity landscape and nurturing the next generation of industry leaders.

The future is bright with dedicated students like Gage Giffin, Caden Mayer, and Chance Anderson leading the charge. They embody the vibrant ethos of CITI and its unwavering commitment to effecting tangible impact within the cybersecurity landscape in Kansas. As they continue on their paths, these students represent just a fraction of the potential that CITI holds—a potential that promises to contribute significantly to both local businesses and the field of cybersecurity in the years ahead.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/12/1575301942236.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By TISA MASON Fort Hays State University PresidentAs October marks Cybersecurity Awareness Month nationwide, Fort Hays State University (FHSU) stands at the forefront of cybersecurity education and innovation through its Cybersecurity Institute and Technology Incubator (CITI). Focused on enhancing the cybersecurity landscape, CITI is poised to not only elevate the cybersecurity posture of Kansas but also to foster business ventures that leverage technological advancements in the region.CITI's mission is to leverage the distinctive strengths of FHSU to advance the Kansas economy, particularly in asset preservation and entrepreneurial development. “Our goal is to collaborate with local community partners to build a robust cybersecurity framework and fortify defenses against the growing cyber threats that impact small and medium-sized businesses across the state,” said Jason Zeller, CITI’s operations director.Central to CITI's efforts lies a commitment to developing a pipeline of skilled cybersecurity professionals capable of empowering local businesses. The institute actively promotes micro-internships, which allow students to engage with real-world projects that enhance the cybersecurity readiness of local businesses. Through this innovative approach, CITI bridges the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application, enabling students to apply their learning meaningfully.Gage Giffin, a sophomore from Sedgwick, Kansas, became aware of CITI during a Cybersecurity Club meeting and quickly seized the opportunity for a summer micro-internship. “My experience as a lab assistant in the CITI CyberLab has been invaluable. I maintain computers, manage server applications, and build cybersecurity testing environments. I’ve explored vital areas like firewalls and virtualization security, which has paved the way for a promising career in DevOps—a critical sector in cybersecurity,” Gage said.Caden Mayer, another sophomore and fellow CyberLab assistant, has also made significant contributions by helping to establish infrastructure and support environments for other students. Recognizing the vital role of education in preparing future cybersecurity professionals, Caden said, “This semester, I’ve taught Hays High School students about servers and their applications. Understanding cybersecurity is essential—it’s everywhere, and being proactive is crucial.”Through micro-internships, CITI offers various services to meet the diverse needs of businesses seeking cybersecurity support. These services include website development, security reviews, basic and advanced network setup, and vulnerability assessments. These services will help local businesses understand and rectify their cybersecurity posture, a need that Chance Anderson—a graduate assistant at CITI—has recognized through his experiences.Chance chose FHSU for its unique offerings, stating, “The people here make FHSU exceptional. The professors genuinely care about my success. Additionally, pursuing my bachelor’s andgraduate degrees with minimal debt is a significant advantage. Our cybersecurity program emphasizes real-world application, allowing ample hands-on experience rather than endless textbook readings. I’ve honed technical and soft skills, learning that every business presents unique challenges requiring tailored cybersecurity solutions.”Reflecting on his experiences, Chance explains, “I’ve encountered many local businesses that lack essential cybersecurity resources, and it’s our role at CITI to address these gaps. We’re here to help navigate the increasingly complex cybersecurity landscape.” Drawing on his leadership background as a former president of the Cybersecurity Club, he underscores the need to connect student talent with community requirements, ensuring no local business remains vulnerable to cyber threats.Despite CITI's robust initiatives, challenges persist, particularly in getting the word out to small businesses about the available support. FHSU is actively seeking a Business Relations Director to amplify awareness of CITI’s offerings. Our greatest obstacle is effectively reaching out to companies to show them that we’re ready and equipped to support their IT and cybersecurity needs.While micro-internships are the foundation for student engagement, CITI emphasizes venture creation through its in-residence business incubator. The incubator is designed to cultivate tech and cybersecurity startups that can flourish within Kansas. CITI aims to transform innovative ideas into successful business ventures by providing specialized guidance and support.Jason said the incubator will initially focus on nurturing one to two startups with potential future referrals to the Small Business Development Center (SBDC) as they mature. He said, " Our mission is to facilitate the development of new businesses in sectors that align with Kansas's unique opportunities.”As Cybersecurity Awareness Month highlights the critical need to protect digital assets, CITI's initiatives align perfectly with the broader mission to foster a secure digital community. The institute's strategy balances education, community outreach, and business development, illustrating a comprehensive approach to bolster local businesses and empower students.Moreover, CITI’s dedicated faculty and staff remain passionate about the future of cybersecurity education and the growing professional opportunities it presents. With more than 700,000 job openings in the United States, the demand for cybersecurity experts is expanding rapidly. FHSU’s cybersecurity program equips students with the foundational knowledge and hands-on skills necessary to tackle real-world challenges effectively.Among CITI’s offerings, students can pursue either a Bachelor of Science or a Bachelor of Arts in Information Networking and Telecommunications, with a concentration in cybersecurity, or opt for a Master of Professional Studies in Cybersecurity. The curriculum is meticulously crafted to prepare students for various professional certifications, including Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) and Palo Alto Networks Network Security Administrator (PCNSA). This robust training ensures graduates are well-equipped to navigate the increasingly competitive job market.As Cybersecurity Awareness Month prompts organizations and individuals to elevate their vigilance against cyber threats, CITI stands as a beacon of support and innovation in Kansas. By leveraging FHSU's educational resources, fostering entrepreneurship, and enhancingcommunity engagement through student internships, CITI is transforming the region's cybersecurity landscape and nurturing the next generation of industry leaders.The future is bright with dedicated students like Gage Giffin, Caden Mayer, and Chance Anderson leading the charge. They embody the vibrant ethos of CITI and its unwavering commitment to effecting tangible impact within the cybersecurity landscape in Kansas. As they continue on their paths, these students represent just a fraction of the potential that CITI holds—a potential that promises to contribute significantly to both local businesses and the field of cybersecurity in the years ahead.

Heart of a Tiger: FHSU’s Cybersecurity Institute and Technology Incubator shaping the future for students and businesses

So…no see ums in hordes visited us this fall. When I say no see um, I mean that. I can bury arms, legs, and trunk in jungle-like tomato vines as I search for ripe or nearly ripe fruits. In no time, creatures so small I barely see them ferociously bite the tarnation out of me.

The first time it happened, the little devils chomped ankles and calves. Keep in mind I’m tall so it’s a distance from eyes to feet. For all the stinging I felt, I saw nothing I could blame for the pain. I hauled my now itching carcass out of those entwining vines and plopped onto a sunny step to contort my ankle into position so I could see well. All I noted were tiny black dots that looked like pepper flakes I sprinkle on our scrambled eggs each morning. While staring at these miniscule purveyors of pain, I saw one move, followed by a sharp biting sensation out of proportion to its size. The next morning, welts polka-dotted my lower body. One felt like a super-fine thorn protruded from it, but despite scratching and razoring the area, the sensation remained.

After spending another day searching for ripe tomatoes tucked into dark recesses, I ended up with swollen lumps covering my entire body and the realization that the thorn I thought I felt was actually one of these cotton-pickin’ bug bites. Again, the insects are smaller than poppy seeds or grains of pepper. Despite their miniscule size, their bites rival the discomfort of wasp and bee stings.

Apparently, I scratched in my sleep that night so I awakened to Richter scale irritations. Off to the prednisone and Neosporin aisle at our local store. The good news is I found no pepper-flake size bodies in my bed so the bites originated in the garden.

While I waited for anti-itch treatments to work, I searched the internet to learn what sort of invasion was ruining harvest. News sites reported on miniscule black bugs delivering painful bites. I sorted through suggestions, knowing this wasn’t a tick or chigger. I felt sure it wasn’t a flea either. Though I never found a definitive answer, reporters suggested labels—no see ums or midges (perfect for midget-size bugs) for these creatures.

That actually sounded familiar. My husband has used both terms in the past to describe small, biting insects that show up in the fall. Somehow, I had previously dodged them.

Our daughter, who lives on a ranch, confirmed they too suffered from masses of them this year as well. She dressed her girls in long sleeves, long pants, and tall boots before they worked cattle that weekend to protect them. I guess I should have skipped the t-shirts and capris during my tomato picking sessions. I’d have suffered less.

What I did learn, was that regardless of what you call these irritations, they eat destructive bugs such as aphids. So, while I may be doing an itchy-twitchy dance, the tiny invaders help my garden.

<figure>
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 </figure>By KAREN MADORINSo…no see ums in hordes visited us this fall. When I say no see um, I mean that. I can bury arms, legs, and trunk in jungle-like tomato vines as I search for ripe or nearly ripe fruits. In no time, creatures so small I barely see them ferociously bite the tarnation out of me.The first time it happened, the little devils chomped ankles and calves. Keep in mind I’m tall so it’s a distance from eyes to feet. For all the stinging I felt, I saw nothing I could blame for the pain. I hauled my now itching carcass out of those entwining vines and plopped onto a sunny step to contort my ankle into position so I could see well. All I noted were tiny black dots that looked like pepper flakes I sprinkle on our scrambled eggs each morning. While staring at these miniscule purveyors of pain, I saw one move, followed by a sharp biting sensation out of proportion to its size. The next morning, welts polka-dotted my lower body. One felt like a super-fine thorn protruded from it, but despite scratching and razoring the area, the sensation remained.After spending another day searching for ripe tomatoes tucked into dark recesses, I ended up with swollen lumps covering my entire body and the realization that the thorn I thought I felt was actually one of these cotton-pickin’ bug bites. Again, the insects are smaller than poppy seeds or grains of pepper. Despite their miniscule size, their bites rival the discomfort of wasp and bee stings.Apparently, I scratched in my sleep that night so I awakened to Richter scale irritations. Off to the prednisone and Neosporin aisle at our local store. The good news is I found no pepper-flake size bodies in my bed so the bites originated in the garden.While I waited for anti-itch treatments to work, I searched the internet to learn what sort of invasion was ruining harvest. News sites reported on miniscule black bugs delivering painful bites. I sorted through suggestions, knowing this wasn’t a tick or chigger. I felt sure it wasn’t a flea either. Though I never found a definitive answer, reporters suggested labels—no see ums or midges (perfect for midget-size bugs) for these creatures.That actually sounded familiar. My husband has used both terms in the past to describe small, biting insects that show up in the fall. Somehow, I had previously dodged them.Our daughter, who lives on a ranch, confirmed they too suffered from masses of them this year as well. She dressed her girls in long sleeves, long pants, and tall boots before they worked cattle that weekend to protect them. I guess I should have skipped the t-shirts and capris during my tomato picking sessions. I’d have suffered less.What I did learn, was that regardless of what you call these irritations, they eat destructive bugs such as aphids. So, while I may be doing an itchy-twitchy dance, the tiny invaders help my garden.

Opinion