By KARISSA WINKEL Cottonwood Extension District

About 1.5 million Americans are diagnosed with diabetes every year, and according to the American Diabetes Association, the number of adults diagnosed with diabetes has doubled in the last 20 years.

The disease rate has sky-rocketed, and its toll is obvious. Kansans spend $2.4 billion annually in direct and indirect diabetes medical expenses. The community effects are quantifiable, but if you suffer from diabetes, or know someone who does, you know that the personal challenges can be unremitting.

As barriers seem to be continual, so is the diabetes management process. Thankfully, there are many lifestyle factors you can adjust when taking control of glucose levels. An evident one is the type of food you consume, but a few less obvious ones include medication, mood, and physical activity.

· Medication- When diagnosed with diabetes, medications are often prescribed. This addition can make a big impact on your daily routine. By keeping a record of medications, doses, and timing, you may be able to control glucose levels better. This can help you increase awareness of changes in symptoms so you can work with your doctor to make any necessary adjustments.

· Mood- Mental health can be greatly affected by diabetes, and your mood may seem to be on a constant rollercoaster due to rapid blood sugar changes. Since mood can indicate glucose spikes and drops, it’s a good idea to note how you feel. This awareness can help you build a stronger connection between your mind, body, and diabetes management strategy.

· Physical Activity- Regular exercise can play a major role in fluctuating glucose levels, and it can help you keep your diabetes in check. Keeping a log of your exercise routine can help you find the types of physical activity that make you feel your best and keep you motivated to meet your fitness goals!

Lifestyle choices affect blood sugar and taking note of these habits impacts diabetes management. It gives insight into your symptoms and allows you to identify habits that have positive and negative effects on blood sugar.

If you or someone you care for has diabetes, Dining with Diabetes can teach you more strategies to control glucose levels. This national program is designed to boost the health of those with prediabetes and Type 2 diabetes. The program serves to educate family members and caregivers while connecting participants to resources.

Through Dining with Diabetes, you will have the chance to learn the best ways to take care of yourself and your loved ones. This includes nutrition education and hands-on cooking demonstrations to help you gain confidence in preparing enjoyable meals that balance blood sugar. Also, participants will learn the importance of physical activity and how to realistically include it in day-to-day life.

The class will take place at the Trinity Lutheran Church in Great Bend on November 5, 12, 19, and 26 from 11 am – 1 pm. The cost is $40 for the 8- hours of hands-on learning experience. Plus, lunch is included. Please give us a call with any questions or to register at 620-793-1910.

Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1697546908793.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By KARISSA WINKEL Cottonwood Extension DistrictAbout 1.5 million Americans are diagnosed with diabetes every year, and according to the American Diabetes Association, the number of adults diagnosed with diabetes has doubled in the last 20 years.The disease rate has sky-rocketed, and its toll is obvious. Kansans spend $2.4 billion annually in direct and indirect diabetes medical expenses. The community effects are quantifiable, but if you suffer from diabetes, or know someone who does, you know that the personal challenges can be unremitting.As barriers seem to be continual, so is the diabetes management process. Thankfully, there are many lifestyle factors you can adjust when taking control of glucose levels. An evident one is the type of food you consume, but a few less obvious ones include medication, mood, and physical activity.· Medication- When diagnosed with diabetes, medications are often prescribed. This addition can make a big impact on your daily routine. By keeping a record of medications, doses, and timing, you may be able to control glucose levels better. This can help you increase awareness of changes in symptoms so you can work with your doctor to make any necessary adjustments.· Mood- Mental health can be greatly affected by diabetes, and your mood may seem to be on a constant rollercoaster due to rapid blood sugar changes. Since mood can indicate glucose spikes and drops, it’s a good idea to note how you feel. This awareness can help you build a stronger connection between your mind, body, and diabetes management strategy.· Physical Activity- Regular exercise can play a major role in fluctuating glucose levels, and it can help you keep your diabetes in check. Keeping a log of your exercise routine can help you find the types of physical activity that make you feel your best and keep you motivated to meet your fitness goals!Lifestyle choices affect blood sugar and taking note of these habits impacts diabetes management. It gives insight into your symptoms and allows you to identify habits that have positive and negative effects on blood sugar.If you or someone you care for has diabetes, Dining with Diabetes can teach you more strategies to control glucose levels. This national program is designed to boost the health of those with prediabetes and Type 2 diabetes. The program serves to educate family members and caregivers while connecting participants to resources.Through Dining with Diabetes, you will have the chance to learn the best ways to take care of yourself and your loved ones. This includes nutrition education and hands-on cooking demonstrations to help you gain confidence in preparing enjoyable meals that balance blood sugar. Also, participants will learn the importance of physical activity and how to realistically include it in day-to-day life.The class will take place at the Trinity Lutheran Church in Great Bend on November 5, 12, 19, and 26 from 11 am – 1 pm. The cost is $40 for the 8- hours of hands-on learning experience. Plus, lunch is included. Please give us a call with any questions or to register at 620-793-1910.Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.

WINKEL: Lifestyle factors for diabetes management

I urge you to vote for Ellis County Clerk Bobbi L. Dreiling. 

County Clerk Dreiling has shown her dedication in getting the work done. 

County Clerk Dreiling served as Deputy County Clerk during my term and I appreciated her high quality of work and pleasant personality that she shares. 

She has worked hard in keeping a high integrity for Ellis County. 

Your vote counts SO PLEASE VOTE FOR BOBBI L.DREILING FOR ELLIS COUNTY CLERK.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1698091063975.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>I urge you to vote for Ellis County Clerk Bobbi L. Dreiling. County Clerk Dreiling has shown her dedication in getting the work done. County Clerk Dreiling served as Deputy County Clerk during my term and I appreciated her high quality of work and pleasant personality that she shares. She has worked hard in keeping a high integrity for Ellis County. Your vote counts SO PLEASE VOTE FOR BOBBI L.DREILING FOR ELLIS COUNTY CLERK.Donna J. Maskus

LETTER: Former County Clerk endorses Bobbi Dreiling

By MONIQUE KOERNER Cottonwood Extension District

The ovaries contain all of the eggs at birth they will ever contain. The menstrual cycle controls the monthly release of eggs until menopause. The menopausal transition starts when this process changes and production of hormones like estrogen begins to decline. Most women start this transition (also called perimenopause) in their late 40s. But it can happen earlier or later.

During this time, women may experience certain symptoms, such as changes in their periods and hot flashes. If a woman hasn’t had a period in 12 months, she can say she’s entered menopause. But for many women this transition is less clear.

“Around one in eight women enter menopause because of a medical intervention, like having their ovaries removed surgically,” says Dr. Sarah Temkin, a women’s health expert at NIH. If this happens, they enter menopause suddenly, with no transition. The bothersome symptoms that they experience are often more significant than if they had entered menopause naturally.

If you haven’t had a period in a year, blood tests can verify that you’ve reached menopause. But no test can confirm when you’ve begun the transition into menopause. If you have symptoms, your doctor may order tests to rule out health conditions.

The menopausal transition (perimenopause) usually lasts around seven years. But it can be shorter or longer.

Many women experience only mild symptoms during perimenopause. For others, symptoms are severe and can interfere with work and life. The most common are called vasomotor symptoms. These include hot flashes and night sweats

“A lot of symptoms can be interrelated,” says Dr. Andrea LaCroix, a menopause researcher at the University of California, San Diego. “If you have hot flashes, they might interfere with your sleep. Then once you get sleep deprived, you don’t feel so good overall.”

If you have mild hot flashes, you may be able to manage them with lifestyle changes. These include dressing in layers that can be removed, carrying a portable fan, and avoiding alcohol and caffeine.

Women with severe symptoms now have several drug options to consider. Some women can safely use menopausal hormone therapy, or MHT. Two decades ago, hormone therapy for women in the menopausal transition fell out of favor. Doctors had concerns about the risk of breast cancer, heart disease, stroke, and blood clots from hormone therapy. These concerns were based on a large study that tested hormone therapy to prevent chronic disease in older women. The study showed higher chronic disease risk for some women taking MHT.

More recent studies have confirmed these findings but also found that healthy, younger women who use MHT don’t have the same increased risk as older women. Talk with your health care provider about the potential risks and benefits if you’re considering MHT.

Some women can’t use hormone therapy because of certain personal risk factors. Others may not want to use it. “But there are other treatment choices,” says LaCroix.

“All of these treatments have been found to be helpful, so women have choices.” LaCroix says.

“There’s a huge amount of stigma about women talking about their reproductive health,” Temkin says.

“Women sometimes feel, going through the menopausal transition, that they’re in it alone,” agrees Dr. Chhanda Dutta, an aging expert at NIH. “And while women experience this transition in very different ways, they need to be aware that they’re not alone.”

Perimenopause symptoms can be different for everyone and include:

· Changes in your period. Periods happening very close together or farther apart than usual; heavy bleeding or spotting; periods that last for more than a week.

· Hot flashes. A sudden feeling of heat in the upper part or all of your body.

· Night sweats. Hot flashes that happen during sleep.

· Sleep problems. Trouble falling asleep or staying asleep.

· Bladder issues. Sudden urges to urinate, or urine leaking during exercise, sneezing, or laughing.

· Changes in vaginal health and sexuality. Vaginal dryness; discomfort or pain during sex; changes in sexual desire.

· Mood changes. Feeling moody or more irritable; feelings of anxiety or depression.

· Changes in body composition. Muscle loss or fat gain; skin can become thinner; joints and muscles may feel stiff or achy.

Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522152076.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By MONIQUE KOERNER Cottonwood Extension DistrictThe ovaries contain all of the eggs at birth they will ever contain. The menstrual cycle controls the monthly release of eggs until menopause. The menopausal transition starts when this process changes and production of hormones like estrogen begins to decline. Most women start this transition (also called perimenopause) in their late 40s. But it can happen earlier or later.During this time, women may experience certain symptoms, such as changes in their periods and hot flashes. If a woman hasn’t had a period in 12 months, she can say she’s entered menopause. But for many women this transition is less clear.“Around one in eight women enter menopause because of a medical intervention, like having their ovaries removed surgically,” says Dr. Sarah Temkin, a women’s health expert at NIH. If this happens, they enter menopause suddenly, with no transition. The bothersome symptoms that they experience are often more significant than if they had entered menopause naturally.If you haven’t had a period in a year, blood tests can verify that you’ve reached menopause. But no test can confirm when you’ve begun the transition into menopause. If you have symptoms, your doctor may order tests to rule out health conditions.The menopausal transition (perimenopause) usually lasts around seven years. But it can be shorter or longer.Cooling Hot Flashes DownMany women experience only mild symptoms during perimenopause. For others, symptoms are severe and can interfere with work and life. The most common are called vasomotor symptoms. These include hot flashes and night sweats“A lot of symptoms can be interrelated,” says Dr. Andrea LaCroix, a menopause researcher at the University of California, San Diego. “If you have hot flashes, they might interfere with your sleep. Then once you get sleep deprived, you don’t feel so good overall.”If you have mild hot flashes, you may be able to manage them with lifestyle changes. These include dressing in layers that can be removed, carrying a portable fan, and avoiding alcohol and caffeine.Women with severe symptoms now have several drug options to consider. Some women can safely use menopausal hormone therapy, or MHT. Two decades ago, hormone therapy for women in the menopausal transition fell out of favor. Doctors had concerns about the risk of breast cancer, heart disease, stroke, and blood clots from hormone therapy. These concerns were based on a large study that tested hormone therapy to prevent chronic disease in older women. The study showed higher chronic disease risk for some women taking MHT.More recent studies have confirmed these findings but also found that healthy, younger women who use MHT don’t have the same increased risk as older women. Talk with your health care provider about the potential risks and benefits if you’re considering MHT.Some women can’t use hormone therapy because of certain personal risk factors. Others may not want to use it. “But there are other treatment choices,” says LaCroix.“All of these treatments have been found to be helpful, so women have choices.” LaCroix says.“There’s a huge amount of stigma about women talking about their reproductive health,” Temkin says.“Women sometimes feel, going through the menopausal transition, that they’re in it alone,” agrees Dr. Chhanda Dutta, an aging expert at NIH. “And while women experience this transition in very different ways, they need to be aware that they’re not alone.”Transitioning Into Menopause?Perimenopause symptoms can be different for everyone and include:· Changes in your period. Periods happening very close together or farther apart than usual; heavy bleeding or spotting; periods that last for more than a week.· Hot flashes. A sudden feeling of heat in the upper part or all of your body.· Night sweats. Hot flashes that happen during sleep.· Sleep problems. Trouble falling asleep or staying asleep.· Bladder issues. Sudden urges to urinate, or urine leaking during exercise, sneezing, or laughing.· Changes in vaginal health and sexuality. Vaginal dryness; discomfort or pain during sex; changes in sexual desire.· Mood changes. Feeling moody or more irritable; feelings of anxiety or depression.· Changes in body composition. Muscle loss or fat gain; skin can become thinner; joints and muscles may feel stiff or achy.Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu.

KOERNER: Perimenopause, starting the transition

As the people across this great nation prepare to make decisions that will shape our future, let’s look at how the next administration faces important decisions to secure America’s energy advantage at a time of rising geopolitical volatility around the world.

We look around the world today, and ongoing conflicts remind us that secure, reliable access to energy is at the core of our nation’s energy security, as well as the security of America’s allies. But our energy security should never be taken for granted, and we need policies that ensure we can meet our energy needs tomorrow, not just today.

With escalating tensions in the Middle East and Putin’s war in Ukraine approaching its third year, we cannot emphasize enough the commanding presence of American oil and natural gas in the global market and the energy security benefits it provides.

Despite the noise from doomsday scenarios, the reality is that oil and natural gas will be needed for decades to come - not just years. Because global demand for energy is rising, there’s no better place to produce it than here in America.

We produce the most reliable, affordable energy in the world under the strongest environmental standards. American oil and natural gas will continue to be cornerstones of the energy mix for generations to come.

Let’s reflect on why U.S. energy leadership is so crucial. We look around the world today, and ongoing conflicts remind us that secure, reliable access to energy is at the core of our nation’s security – as well as the security of America’s allies. Yet, despite war and ongoing geopolitical tensions in the Middle East and Europe, we are not in an energy crisis.

Because of the resilience and innovation of nearly 11 million American workers supported by the oil and natural gas industry. These men and women ramped up production when the world needed it most, even in the face of challenging policies from Washington. Their efforts kept the lights on around the world - something every state and federal policymaker should commend.

With wars in multiple energy-producing regions and threats to shipping in places like the Red Sea, the stakes are high. It’s a stark reminder of the poor energy policy decisions made in the 1960s and 70s, leading to the 1973 oil crisis, with skyrocketing prices and economic turmoil.

In this moment, let’s learn from those mistakes – not repeat them. We simply must, because as we approach 2050, the global population is projected to reach 10 billion. With energy demand set to increase, we need energy from all sources.

Thus, it has never been more important for America to emerge as the runaway top supplier of both oil and natural gas.

Since 2015, methane emissions from U.S. oil and natural gas production are down 37% while production is up 40%, according to EPA data. Production up and emissions down. That is what the oil and natural gas industry strives for. The American oil and natural gas industry is in for the long haul. Regardless of what happens on Election Day, the oil and natural gas industry is here to stay.

Let’s be clear, there is no more critical industry today than American oil and natural gas. However, some argue that the world no longer needs oil and natural gas and that we can move past them entirely. Others in Washington are pushing policies that restrict access to abundant sources of oil and natural gas, make us dependent on China for critical minerals, limit consumer choices, and threaten the very infrastructure that keeps our energy system running.

These policies are misguided. They discourage investment in energy projects and impose unrealistic timelines and mandates. What Americans need are choices, not mandates, and honesty about the consequences of losing our energy advantage or sowing the seeds of a new energy crisis.

Here’s some energy reality for those folks: Even with the most optimistic projections for renewables, nearly half of all global energy will still come from oil and natural gas in 2050 - roughly where it is today. The question is whether that energy will come from America, with our commitment to environmental stewardship, or from nations that do not share our values.

The next administration must focus on protecting consumer choice, restoring permits for LNG exports, expanding access to our vast energy resources, and advancing sensible tax policy.

These are not just popular positions - they’re essential. Polling in political “swing” states shows that 8 in 10 voters, across party lines and including independents, support increasing U.S. production of oil and natural gas.

Even a national poll by The New York Times found that nearly two thirds of voters support boosting domestic oil and natural gas production.

American energy leadership is our insurance policy against volatility and a pillar of our national security. It’s the result of decades of bipartisan commitment, with every president from Jimmy Carter to Donald Trump calling for greater American energy independence.

You don’t have to read a newspaper or watch cable news to know that given the state of the world, there has never been a more critical time for strong U.S. energy production and the policies that support it.

Affordable, reliable energy from U.S. oil and natural gas is not just an economic necessity - it’s a matter of national security.

Let’s embrace this moment for U.S. oil and natural gas, take pride in our achievements, and forge ahead with the determination to leave a legacy of strength and security for generations to come.

Ed Cross Kansas Independent Oil &amp; Gas Association&nbsp;President

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/2/1582312931775.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>As the people across this great nation prepare to make decisions that will shape our future, let’s look at how the next administration faces important decisions to secure America’s energy advantage at a time of rising geopolitical volatility around the world.We look around the world today, and ongoing conflicts remind us that secure, reliable access to energy is at the core of our nation’s energy security, as well as the security of America’s allies. But our energy security should never be taken for granted, and we need policies that ensure we can meet our energy needs tomorrow, not just today.With escalating tensions in the Middle East and Putin’s war in Ukraine approaching its third year, we cannot emphasize enough the commanding presence of American oil and natural gas in the global market and the energy security benefits it provides.Despite the noise from doomsday scenarios, the reality is that oil and natural gas will be needed for decades to come - not just years. Because global demand for energy is rising, there’s no better place to produce it than here in America.We produce the most reliable, affordable energy in the world under the strongest environmental standards. American oil and natural gas will continue to be cornerstones of the energy mix for generations to come.Let’s reflect on why U.S. energy leadership is so crucial. We look around the world today, and ongoing conflicts remind us that secure, reliable access to energy is at the core of our nation’s security – as well as the security of America’s allies. Yet, despite war and ongoing geopolitical tensions in the Middle East and Europe, we are not in an energy crisis.Why?Because of the resilience and innovation of nearly 11 million American workers supported by the oil and natural gas industry. These men and women ramped up production when the world needed it most, even in the face of challenging policies from Washington. Their efforts kept the lights on around the world - something every state and federal policymaker should commend.With wars in multiple energy-producing regions and threats to shipping in places like the Red Sea, the stakes are high. It’s a stark reminder of the poor energy policy decisions made in the 1960s and 70s, leading to the 1973 oil crisis, with skyrocketing prices and economic turmoil.In this moment, let’s learn from those mistakes – not repeat them. We simply must, because as we approach 2050, the global population is projected to reach 10 billion. With energy demand set to increase, we need energy from all sources.Thus, it has never been more important for America to emerge as the runaway top supplier of both oil and natural gas.Since 2015, methane emissions from U.S. oil and natural gas production are down 37% while production is up 40%, according to EPA data. Production up and emissions down. That is what the oil and natural gas industry strives for. The American oil and natural gas industry is in for the long haul. Regardless of what happens on Election Day, the oil and natural gas industry is here to stay.Let’s be clear, there is no more critical industry today than American oil and natural gas. However, some argue that the world no longer needs oil and natural gas and that we can move past them entirely. Others in Washington are pushing policies that restrict access to abundant sources of oil and natural gas, make us dependent on China for critical minerals, limit consumer choices, and threaten the very infrastructure that keeps our energy system running.These policies are misguided. They discourage investment in energy projects and impose unrealistic timelines and mandates. What Americans need are choices, not mandates, and honesty about the consequences of losing our energy advantage or sowing the seeds of a new energy crisis.Here’s some energy reality for those folks: Even with the most optimistic projections for renewables, nearly half of all global energy will still come from oil and natural gas in 2050 - roughly where it is today. The question is whether that energy will come from America, with our commitment to environmental stewardship, or from nations that do not share our values.The next administration must focus on protecting consumer choice, restoring permits for LNG exports, expanding access to our vast energy resources, and advancing sensible tax policy.These are not just popular positions - they’re essential. Polling in political “swing” states shows that 8 in 10 voters, across party lines and including independents, support increasing U.S. production of oil and natural gas.Even a national poll by The New York Times found that nearly two thirds of voters support boosting domestic oil and natural gas production.American energy leadership is our insurance policy against volatility and a pillar of our national security. It’s the result of decades of bipartisan commitment, with every president from Jimmy Carter to Donald Trump calling for greater American energy independence.You don’t have to read a newspaper or watch cable news to know that given the state of the world, there has never been a more critical time for strong U.S. energy production and the policies that support it.Affordable, reliable energy from U.S. oil and natural gas is not just an economic necessity - it’s a matter of national security.Let’s embrace this moment for U.S. oil and natural gas, take pride in our achievements, and forge ahead with the determination to leave a legacy of strength and security for generations to come.Ed Cross Kansas Independent Oil &amp; Gas Association&nbsp;President

LETTER: Critical role of American energy leadership

By STEVE GILLILAND Exploring Kansas Outdoors

About this time each year we begin to hear and read stories that all center on the illegal taking of Kansas wildlife. Whether it’s Bald Eagles being shot, outfitters being investigated for assisting their clients in illegally taking and transporting game or numerous game law violations intentionally and knowingly committed by people mistakenly calling themselves hunters, it all amounts to theft from those of us who attempt to abide by all the game rules and regulations of our state.

Kansas is divided into 105 counties and currently a drastic shortage of natural resource officers (NRO’s) are saddled with the intense responsibility of patrolling all those counties, making Kansas wildlife some of the least protected in America. Each year those NRO’s check tens of thousands of hunters and fishermen in the field and about 96% of them are found to be law-abiding. Unfortunately, many non-hunters associate ethical hunters with the small percentage who are not.

Kansas Dept. of Wildlife, Parks and Tourism has an excellent tool to help fight wildlife crimes called Operation Game Thief. It’s a toll-free telephone hotline, 1-877-426-3843 that can be accessed anytime of the day or night, any day of the year. Callers are given the choice to remain anonymous and each call is immediately relayed to the natural resource officer nearest the violation. Examples of activities that can be reported over the game thief hotline are road hunting, trespassing, littering, vandalism, drinking while hunting, taking more game than allowed by law, using illegal equipment, hunting out of season or taking wildlife for which there is no legal season.

Two important rules to remember when observing illegal wildlife related activities are;

· Never confront the suspects you observe committing these crimes, (meaning you must refrain from marching them to the nearest police station at gunpoint like Clint Eastwood.)

· Be observant and be prepared to provide as much information as possible about what you observe, such as detailed descriptions of the people and vehicles including license plate numbers, and location and time of the incident. My wife also reminds me that everyone these days has a cell phone with a camera at their fingertips, making it easy to help document what you see.

Calls to Operation Game Thief have resulted in arrest and convictions on violations from vandalism to deer poaching and everything in between. Drug operations have even been uncovered as a result of calls to this number. Perhaps the worst result of wildlife related crimes is the damage caused to the image of those of us who attempt to abide by all the wildlife rules and regulations. I refuse to be categorized with those who call themselves “hunters” but refuse to abide by the rules. If they insist on being known as “hunters” then perhaps the rest of us should find a different term for what we enjoy. Remember, Operation Game Thief, 1 877-426-3843. Continue to Explore Kansas Outdoors!

Steve can be contacted by email at stevenrgilliland@gmail.com.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574696211722.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By STEVE GILLILAND Exploring Kansas OutdoorsAbout this time each year we begin to hear and read stories that all center on the illegal taking of Kansas wildlife. Whether it’s Bald Eagles being shot, outfitters being investigated for assisting their clients in illegally taking and transporting game or numerous game law violations intentionally and knowingly committed by people mistakenly calling themselves hunters, it all amounts to theft from those of us who attempt to abide by all the game rules and regulations of our state.Kansas is divided into 105 counties and currently a drastic shortage of natural resource officers (NRO’s) are saddled with the intense responsibility of patrolling all those counties, making Kansas wildlife some of the least protected in America. Each year those NRO’s check tens of thousands of hunters and fishermen in the field and about 96% of them are found to be law-abiding. Unfortunately, many non-hunters associate ethical hunters with the small percentage who are not.Kansas Dept. of Wildlife, Parks and Tourism has an excellent tool to help fight wildlife crimes called Operation Game Thief. It’s a toll-free telephone hotline, 1-877-426-3843 that can be accessed anytime of the day or night, any day of the year. Callers are given the choice to remain anonymous and each call is immediately relayed to the natural resource officer nearest the violation. Examples of activities that can be reported over the game thief hotline are road hunting, trespassing, littering, vandalism, drinking while hunting, taking more game than allowed by law, using illegal equipment, hunting out of season or taking wildlife for which there is no legal season.Two important rules to remember when observing illegal wildlife related activities are;· Never confront the suspects you observe committing these crimes, (meaning you must refrain from marching them to the nearest police station at gunpoint like Clint Eastwood.)· Be observant and be prepared to provide as much information as possible about what you observe, such as detailed descriptions of the people and vehicles including license plate numbers, and location and time of the incident. My wife also reminds me that everyone these days has a cell phone with a camera at their fingertips, making it easy to help document what you see.Calls to Operation Game Thief have resulted in arrest and convictions on violations from vandalism to deer poaching and everything in between. Drug operations have even been uncovered as a result of calls to this number. Perhaps the worst result of wildlife related crimes is the damage caused to the image of those of us who attempt to abide by all the wildlife rules and regulations. I refuse to be categorized with those who call themselves “hunters” but refuse to abide by the rules. If they insist on being known as “hunters” then perhaps the rest of us should find a different term for what we enjoy. Remember, Operation Game Thief, 1 877-426-3843. Continue to Explore Kansas Outdoors!Steve can be contacted by email at stevenrgilliland@gmail.com.

Exploring Kansas Outdoors: Who you gonna call?

By BILL FIANDER Insight Kansas

At&nbsp;<a href="https://abcnews.go.com/US/live-updates/hurricane-helene/?id=113931821">over 230 deaths</a>, Helene is now America’s deadliest hurricane since Katrina ripped a hole in the Superdome in 2005. For inland areas supposedly immune from catastrophic storm surges, mountainous “climate havens” like&nbsp;<a href="https://abcnews.go.com/US/asheville-tragedy-shows-climate-change-safe-havens-experts/story?id=114362166">Asheville, North Carolina</a>&nbsp;were startled to bear the brunt of apocalyptic-like flooding.

On its heels, Hurricane Milton is expected to cause far more damage as it rams into Florida’s denser population centers.&nbsp;&nbsp;Sadly,&nbsp;<a href="https://apnews.com/article/hurricane-helene-fema-826effecab238ff0acf0556ad64b0df2">federal assistance</a>&nbsp;is being politicized less than 30 days from a national election and shrouding a longer-term policy issue for those caught in the middle.&nbsp;Climate migration.&nbsp;As weather disasters continue to intensify,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/home-improvement/features/americans-moving-climate-change/">50 million</a>&nbsp;Americans will leave risky areas (abandonment areas) for less risky areas (climate havens) in the coming decades.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/home-improvement/features/americans-moving-climate-change/">30% of Americans cited climate change</a>&nbsp;as a motivator to move in 2024.

With Kansas facing a demographic vice due to historically low birth rates and low retention of younger Kansans, being on the wrong side of the climate migration equation will exacerbate fiscal health and quality of life concerns for many communities. The last time climate,&nbsp;<a href="https://fdcenterprises.com/how-soil-erosion-and-farming-practices-lead-to-the-dust-bowl/">public policy</a>, and despair collided here,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/surviving-the-dust-bowl-mass-exodus-plains/#:~:text=In%20the%20rural%20area%20outside,those%2C%20200%2C000%20moved%20to%20California.">2.5 million people migrated</a>&nbsp;from the Dust Bowl.&nbsp;So, it might be worth asking just how well positioned is Kansas, or your community, for this great climate re-shuffle?

For starters, we couldn’t be any more inland if we tried. A geographical refuge from rising seas, hurricane torrents, and wildfires; a free space on your climate haven bingo card.&nbsp;What about those Kansas winds? Few places are better positioned for renewable energy being the nation’s&nbsp;<a href="https://www.eia.gov/state/analysis.php?sid=KS#:~:text=The%20state%20ranked%20among%20the,highest%20amount%20among%20the%20states.">third largest share of wind-generated electricity</a>. Even&nbsp;<a href="https://www.accuweather.com/en/severe-weather/is-tornado-alley-shifting-east/1162839">Tornado Alley is shifting</a>. Tornado frequency and wickedness have found a new home in the Mississippi and Tennessee River valleys drawn like a magnet to the warming Gulf’s moist air. Ironically, southwest drought conditions help by sending dryer air over Kansas.

On the flip side, droughts currently cover almost half of Kansas (<a href="https://www.drought.gov/states/kansas">46.4%</a>) due to heat and water shortages.&nbsp;<a href="https://projects.propublica.org/climate-migration/">Farm crop yields are projected to decline</a>&nbsp;across the state in coming decades. Unlike some Great Lakes’ climate havens next to the world’s largest freshwater supply, farming practices and climatic changes have transformed our great underground lake (Ogallala Aquifer) into a trickle thus nudging western Kansas closer to climate abandonment.&nbsp;Nothing makes people move more than flooding. Since 2000,&nbsp;<a href="https://firststreet.org/research-library/climate-abandonment-areas">3.2 million people</a>&nbsp;have left climate abandonment areas due to high flood risk with another 7.5 million projected by 2053.&nbsp;However, flooding repercussions are acutely local.&nbsp;<a href="https://assets.riskfactor.com/media/National%20Risk%20Assessment%20Climate%20Abandon.pdf">Research</a>&nbsp;shows when 5-10% of properties in neighborhoods become flood risks, people start to move. This tipping point leads to climate abandonment. This same research shows one-third of Sedgwick County may classify as abandonment areas by 2053, one of the nation’s largest increases.&nbsp;The bottom line is state/ local governments have the ability and responsibility to help their citizenry adapt to climate change, avoid out-migration, and advance social equity.

Last year, Kansas lawmakers finally stopped kicking the can by&nbsp;<a href="https://www.enidnews.com/news/kansas-farmers-brace-for-water-cuts-to-save-ogallala-aquifer/article_573d6b1c-3ff9-11ef-97ff-8bf8acef01f4.html">enforcing conservation measures</a>&nbsp;and approving&nbsp;<a href="https://www.farmtalknews.com/news/kansas-makes-historic-investment-in-preserving-the-ogallala-aquifer/article_86a6a308-179c-11ef-9aa8-1fa01ea4d166.html#:~:text=Kansas%20makes%20historic%20investment%20in%20preserving%20the%20Ogallala%20Aquifer,-by%20Greg%20Doering&amp;text=An%20appropriation%20of%20%2435%20million,state's%20water%20resources%20in%20history.">unprecedented funding</a>&nbsp;as a&nbsp;<a href="https://kansasreflector.com/2024/06/30/hoping-for-a-miracle-to-save-the-ogallala-aquifer-prepare-for-the-new-dust-bowl/">another Dust Bowl looms</a>.&nbsp;And even as some counties drag their feet, practices such as stormwater bio-retention areas, woodlands restoration, renewable energy ordinances (wind and solar), incentivizing infill development, adopting resilient building codes, expanded tree canopies, floodplain buy-out programs, etc. are already deployed in many parts of Kansas.&nbsp;Because as they already know, there’s really no such thing as a climate haven.

Bill Fiander is a lecturer at Washburn University specializing in public administration, urban planning, and state/local government. He is the former planning and development director for the City of Topeka.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2024/2/1708024541249.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By BILL FIANDER Insight KansasAt&nbsp;<a href="https://abcnews.go.com/US/live-updates/hurricane-helene/?id=113931821">over 230 deaths</a>, Helene is now America’s deadliest hurricane since Katrina ripped a hole in the Superdome in 2005. For inland areas supposedly immune from catastrophic storm surges, mountainous “climate havens” like&nbsp;<a href="https://abcnews.go.com/US/asheville-tragedy-shows-climate-change-safe-havens-experts/story?id=114362166">Asheville, North Carolina</a>&nbsp;were startled to bear the brunt of apocalyptic-like flooding.On its heels, Hurricane Milton is expected to cause far more damage as it rams into Florida’s denser population centers.&nbsp;&nbsp;Sadly,&nbsp;<a href="https://apnews.com/article/hurricane-helene-fema-826effecab238ff0acf0556ad64b0df2">federal assistance</a>&nbsp;is being politicized less than 30 days from a national election and shrouding a longer-term policy issue for those caught in the middle.&nbsp;Climate migration.&nbsp;As weather disasters continue to intensify,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/home-improvement/features/americans-moving-climate-change/">50 million</a>&nbsp;Americans will leave risky areas (abandonment areas) for less risky areas (climate havens) in the coming decades.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.forbes.com/home-improvement/features/americans-moving-climate-change/">30% of Americans cited climate change</a>&nbsp;as a motivator to move in 2024.With Kansas facing a demographic vice due to historically low birth rates and low retention of younger Kansans, being on the wrong side of the climate migration equation will exacerbate fiscal health and quality of life concerns for many communities. The last time climate,&nbsp;<a href="https://fdcenterprises.com/how-soil-erosion-and-farming-practices-lead-to-the-dust-bowl/">public policy</a>, and despair collided here,&nbsp;<a href="https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/surviving-the-dust-bowl-mass-exodus-plains/#:~:text=In%20the%20rural%20area%20outside,those%2C%20200%2C000%20moved%20to%20California.">2.5 million people migrated</a>&nbsp;from the Dust Bowl.&nbsp;So, it might be worth asking just how well positioned is Kansas, or your community, for this great climate re-shuffle?For starters, we couldn’t be any more inland if we tried. A geographical refuge from rising seas, hurricane torrents, and wildfires; a free space on your climate haven bingo card.&nbsp;What about those Kansas winds? Few places are better positioned for renewable energy being the nation’s&nbsp;<a href="https://www.eia.gov/state/analysis.php?sid=KS#:~:text=The%20state%20ranked%20among%20the,highest%20amount%20among%20the%20states.">third largest share of wind-generated electricity</a>. Even&nbsp;<a href="https://www.accuweather.com/en/severe-weather/is-tornado-alley-shifting-east/1162839">Tornado Alley is shifting</a>. Tornado frequency and wickedness have found a new home in the Mississippi and Tennessee River valleys drawn like a magnet to the warming Gulf’s moist air. Ironically, southwest drought conditions help by sending dryer air over Kansas.On the flip side, droughts currently cover almost half of Kansas (<a href="https://www.drought.gov/states/kansas">46.4%</a>) due to heat and water shortages.&nbsp;<a href="https://projects.propublica.org/climate-migration/">Farm crop yields are projected to decline</a>&nbsp;across the state in coming decades. Unlike some Great Lakes’ climate havens next to the world’s largest freshwater supply, farming practices and climatic changes have transformed our great underground lake (Ogallala Aquifer) into a trickle thus nudging western Kansas closer to climate abandonment.&nbsp;Nothing makes people move more than flooding. Since 2000,&nbsp;<a href="https://firststreet.org/research-library/climate-abandonment-areas">3.2 million people</a>&nbsp;have left climate abandonment areas due to high flood risk with another 7.5 million projected by 2053.&nbsp;However, flooding repercussions are acutely local.&nbsp;<a href="https://assets.riskfactor.com/media/National%20Risk%20Assessment%20Climate%20Abandon.pdf">Research</a>&nbsp;shows when 5-10% of properties in neighborhoods become flood risks, people start to move. This tipping point leads to climate abandonment. This same research shows one-third of Sedgwick County may classify as abandonment areas by 2053, one of the nation’s largest increases.&nbsp;The bottom line is state/ local governments have the ability and responsibility to help their citizenry adapt to climate change, avoid out-migration, and advance social equity.It’s not too late.Last year, Kansas lawmakers finally stopped kicking the can by&nbsp;<a href="https://www.enidnews.com/news/kansas-farmers-brace-for-water-cuts-to-save-ogallala-aquifer/article_573d6b1c-3ff9-11ef-97ff-8bf8acef01f4.html">enforcing conservation measures</a>&nbsp;and approving&nbsp;<a href="https://www.farmtalknews.com/news/kansas-makes-historic-investment-in-preserving-the-ogallala-aquifer/article_86a6a308-179c-11ef-9aa8-1fa01ea4d166.html#:~:text=Kansas%20makes%20historic%20investment%20in%20preserving%20the%20Ogallala%20Aquifer,-by%20Greg%20Doering&amp;text=An%20appropriation%20of%20%2435%20million,state's%20water%20resources%20in%20history.">unprecedented funding</a>&nbsp;as a&nbsp;<a href="https://kansasreflector.com/2024/06/30/hoping-for-a-miracle-to-save-the-ogallala-aquifer-prepare-for-the-new-dust-bowl/">another Dust Bowl looms</a>.&nbsp;And even as some counties drag their feet, practices such as stormwater bio-retention areas, woodlands restoration, renewable energy ordinances (wind and solar), incentivizing infill development, adopting resilient building codes, expanded tree canopies, floodplain buy-out programs, etc. are already deployed in many parts of Kansas.&nbsp;Because as they already know, there’s really no such thing as a climate haven.Bill Fiander is a lecturer at Washburn University specializing in public administration, urban planning, and state/local government. He is the former planning and development director for the City of Topeka.

INSIGHT KANSAS:  Will climate migration be our new Dust Bowl?

By STACY CAMPBELL Cottonwood Extension District

Corn stunt spiroplasma and its associated vector (corn leafhopper, Dalbulus maidis) have been recently confirmed in Kansas. Corn stunt spiroplasma has been confirmed in 26 counties. Recent scouting efforts across Kansas confirm active leaf hoppers in many additional counties. Although the majority of the positive reports are from field corn, K-State Plant Pathologist Rodrigo Onofre says we also confirmed corn stunt spiroplasma in sweet corn as well. High levels of disease were found in late-planted and double-cropped corn, leading to potential yield reduction, says Onofre. Symptoms of the disease may include shortened internodes, which can result in a stunted stature of the corn plant as well as leaves with red discoloration. Because other biotic and abiotic factors can cause red or purple discoloration in corn, laboratory testing is important to diagnose corn stunt disease and distinguish it from other stressors.

In the past, corn stunt disease has been limited in distribution to southern Texas, Florida, and California. Corn stunt is caused by a wall-less bacterial pathogen called corn stunt spiroplasma. The corn leafhopper can also transmit additional pathogens, either singly or in combination with the corn stunt spiroplasma. To date, only corn stunt spiroplasma has been detected in Kansas, says Onofre. Additional research is needed to determine the presence of other pathogens vectored by corn leafhopper in Kansas.

This disease is spread only by the corn leafhopper, which was also just confirmed in Kansas. Corn leafhopper acquires pathogens within minutes of feeding on infected corn plants but it can take up to 30 days for the leafhopper to be able to infect healthy corn plants during feeding events. The corn leafhopper is relatively simple to identify under magnification. These leafhoppers are light tan to yellowish-white in color and approximately 1/8” long. Two distinct dark spots between the antennae and eyes are very characteristic of this species. Nymphs lack wings and can vary in color. Like most leafhoppers, all stages move quickly when disturbed and hide in shaded areas of corn plants. All stages can be sampled using a sweep net; a video showing how to sample for corn leafhoppers in mature corn canopies can be found here: https://youtu.be/QgLuWWSwHWU.

Disease testing – Help us track the disease

If you suspect a field has corn stunt, submit a sample to the K-State Plant Disease Diagnostic Lab. The best type of sample for corn stunt testing is living symptomatic leaf tissue. Dry/senesced corn leaves are not recommended and may lead to inconclusive results. Entire

plants are not required to test for this disease, only symptomatic leaves, as only the midrib will be used in testing.

Collection and shipping instructions can be found below:

· Collect and ship samples on or before Wednesday to avoid weekend storage

· Collect symptomatic living leaves (ideally from multiple symptomatic plants)

· Label and use plastic bags; Do not use paper bags, and do not add water. · Fill out submission form, search on-line for KSU Plant Pathology lab. Include variety/hybrid info

· Ship leaves ASAP overnight via UPS or FedEx when possible. USPS can take up to 14 days · Send photos to clinic@ksu.edu with the tracking number or date shipped

§ Symptom/problem close -up and in focus

§ Entire plant from ground level to the top of plant

§ Site – capture the pattern in the field; transition areas, terraces, etc.

Information provided by Rodrigo Onofre, K-State Research &amp; Extension Row Crop Plant Pathologist.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By STACY CAMPBELL Cottonwood Extension DistrictCorn stunt spiroplasma and its associated vector (corn leafhopper, Dalbulus maidis) have been recently confirmed in Kansas. Corn stunt spiroplasma has been confirmed in 26 counties. Recent scouting efforts across Kansas confirm active leaf hoppers in many additional counties. Although the majority of the positive reports are from field corn, K-State Plant Pathologist Rodrigo Onofre says we also confirmed corn stunt spiroplasma in sweet corn as well. High levels of disease were found in late-planted and double-cropped corn, leading to potential yield reduction, says Onofre. Symptoms of the disease may include shortened internodes, which can result in a stunted stature of the corn plant as well as leaves with red discoloration. Because other biotic and abiotic factors can cause red or purple discoloration in corn, laboratory testing is important to diagnose corn stunt disease and distinguish it from other stressors.In the past, corn stunt disease has been limited in distribution to southern Texas, Florida, and California. Corn stunt is caused by a wall-less bacterial pathogen called corn stunt spiroplasma. The corn leafhopper can also transmit additional pathogens, either singly or in combination with the corn stunt spiroplasma. To date, only corn stunt spiroplasma has been detected in Kansas, says Onofre. Additional research is needed to determine the presence of other pathogens vectored by corn leafhopper in Kansas.This disease is spread only by the corn leafhopper, which was also just confirmed in Kansas. Corn leafhopper acquires pathogens within minutes of feeding on infected corn plants but it can take up to 30 days for the leafhopper to be able to infect healthy corn plants during feeding events. The corn leafhopper is relatively simple to identify under magnification. These leafhoppers are light tan to yellowish-white in color and approximately 1/8” long. Two distinct dark spots between the antennae and eyes are very characteristic of this species. Nymphs lack wings and can vary in color. Like most leafhoppers, all stages move quickly when disturbed and hide in shaded areas of corn plants. All stages can be sampled using a sweep net; a video showing how to sample for corn leafhoppers in mature corn canopies can be found here: https://youtu.be/QgLuWWSwHWU.Disease testing – Help us track the diseaseIf you suspect a field has corn stunt, submit a sample to the K-State Plant Disease Diagnostic Lab. The best type of sample for corn stunt testing is living symptomatic leaf tissue. Dry/senesced corn leaves are not recommended and may lead to inconclusive results. Entireplants are not required to test for this disease, only symptomatic leaves, as only the midrib will be used in testing.Collection and shipping instructions can be found below:· Collect and ship samples on or before Wednesday to avoid weekend storage· Collect symptomatic living leaves (ideally from multiple symptomatic plants)· Label and use plastic bags; Do not use paper bags, and do not add water. · Fill out submission form, search on-line for KSU Plant Pathology lab. Include variety/hybrid info· Ship leaves ASAP overnight via UPS or FedEx when possible. USPS can take up to 14 days · Send photos to clinic@ksu.edu with the tracking number or date shippedo Three types of images to send:§ Symptom/problem close -up and in focus§ Entire plant from ground level to the top of plant§ Site – capture the pattern in the field; transition areas, terraces, etc.Information provided by Rodrigo Onofre, K-State Research &amp; Extension Row Crop Plant Pathologist.

CAMPBELL: Corn stunt disease, a new threat to Kansas corn

By TISA MASON Fort Hays State University President

Jorja Burch grew up in Pratt, Kansas, where the warmth of the community and the steadfast support of her parents, Verlan and Starla Elliott, created a nurturing environment for her to flourish.

From an early age, Jorja displayed a natural curiosity that propelled her into the world of science. A middle school science fair project that compared household bleach brands' effectiveness against stubborn Kool-Aid stains piqued her interest in understanding the “why” behind everyday things.

“I always had to understand why something worked the way it did. And my desire to dig deeper grew with every question,” Jorja reflected. Driven by this insatiable thirst for knowledge, she learned about the Kansas Academy of Mathematics and Science (KAMS) and knew this unique program was where she belonged. “I wanted a learning experience tailored to me: small class sizes where I could communicate with peers and professors and hands-on research experience.”

KAMS was no ordinary educational experience. Designed for gifted and talented students, it offered early college immersion, college-level courses, and, notably, hands-on research experience. The residential community welcomed her with open arms—a blend of intellectual rigor and camaraderie that spoke to her nature.

“From day one, I felt inspired and enthusiastic about learning,” she said, recalling her impressions of Fort Hays State University’s (FHSU) vibrant campus. “Small class sizes allowed me to engage meaningfully with my peers and professors.”

Jorja describes KAMS as “an incredible experience that taught me how to ask critical questions and design experiments, and it made me a stronger scientist overall. KAMS built the foundation, and FHSU expanded on it, which ultimately prepared me to be successful in graduate school and beyond.”

Jorja dove into plant biology research. She polished her technical skills in molecular and cellular biology labs, uncovering a passion cultivated with each experiment. She thrived in a culture emphasizing collaboration, assisting her peers first as a student and later as a tutor. “It was rewarding to give back, supporting other students in subjects I had grown to love,” she noted.

Jorja completed her bachelor's degree at FHSU in 2021. She served as a VIP Ambassador for the Office of the President and as the Chemistry/Pre-Professional Club president. Under her leadership, the club organized several volunteer and outreach initiatives, instilling in her the importance of community engagement. The Honors College experience further enriched her education, focusing on personal growth and mentorship.

Throughout her undergraduate years, Jorja showcased her determination and capability. She presented her research findings at various conferences, connecting with fellow scientists and

mentors, one of whom was Dr. Amidon, whose advice she still cherishes. “He shaped my entry into the workforce and provided invaluable insights into navigating my academic journey,” Jorja reminisced.

In 2021, Jorja embarked on her Ph.D. journey at Texas A&amp;M University, a decision driven by her commitment to research and her desire to expand her understanding of evolutionary biology. “I was accepted straight out of my bachelor’s program,” she said. “That was such an honor; it meant I could jump into intensive research without taking a couple of extra years to pursue a master’s degree.”

The path to her Ph.D. has been built not only on her academic achievements but has also laid a strong groundwork for future success. Recently recognized with the Lawrence S. Dillon Distinguished Graduate Student Award at Texas A&amp;M, she looks forward to defending her doctoral dissertation in November 2024.

Yet Jorja’s path hasn’t been devoid of challenges. “I have always struggled with setting boundaries between my research and my personal life.”

“I remember being completely overwhelmed with coursework and career planning in my second year of the KAMS program. I sat in Will Burns’ office, planning my next two years of classes, when he suggested that I wait to take organic chemistry and instead take a yoga class to try to relax. Completely appalled by this suggestion, I left to consider my options, and the next week, I enrolled in organic chemistry for the following semester. I passed the class, vowed never to take another chemistry course, and switched my study from pre-medicine to biology. Had I never made this switch, I might've never found the research I am passionate about.”

Despite not following Will’s advice, Jorja recognizes his wisdom and shares that finding ways to destress is a skill she is still cultivating. While continuing to hone this skill, she encourages future generations to embrace moments of clarity and rest amidst the whirlwind of academia. “Taking time to destress is so important. I wish I had prioritized that sooner,” she adds thoughtfully, with the wisdom of her experiences resonating through her words.

“I think about the moments of joy and struggle, the teachers who believed in me, the peers who supported me,” she said, reflecting on her journey. “Every step, every question asked has brought me to this point. I am so grateful to KAMS for providing the foundation upon which I built my career and to FHSU for expanding my horizons. It’s a network of support that I carry with me everywhere.”

As her dissertation defense approaches in November 2024, Jorja embodies all the promises of a scientist on the precipice of a bright future. She is not just a researcher but an educator, an advocate for young students striving for their dreams in STEM, and a mentor in the making.

Jorja’s unwavering dedication to research and education ensures she will leave her mark in evolutionary biology and inspire countless others to follow their dreams and explore the infinite possibilities that await them.

Jorja Burch embodies the heart of an FHSU tiger through her resilience, passion, and pursuit of knowledge. From her roots in Pratt, Kansas, to the expansive research landscapes of Texas A&amp;M University and beyond, she continues to push boundaries, redefine what’s possible, and inspire others with her journey.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/12/1575301942236.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By TISA MASON Fort Hays State University PresidentJorja Burch grew up in Pratt, Kansas, where the warmth of the community and the steadfast support of her parents, Verlan and Starla Elliott, created a nurturing environment for her to flourish.From an early age, Jorja displayed a natural curiosity that propelled her into the world of science. A middle school science fair project that compared household bleach brands' effectiveness against stubborn Kool-Aid stains piqued her interest in understanding the “why” behind everyday things.“I always had to understand why something worked the way it did. And my desire to dig deeper grew with every question,” Jorja reflected. Driven by this insatiable thirst for knowledge, she learned about the Kansas Academy of Mathematics and Science (KAMS) and knew this unique program was where she belonged. “I wanted a learning experience tailored to me: small class sizes where I could communicate with peers and professors and hands-on research experience.”KAMS was no ordinary educational experience. Designed for gifted and talented students, it offered early college immersion, college-level courses, and, notably, hands-on research experience. The residential community welcomed her with open arms—a blend of intellectual rigor and camaraderie that spoke to her nature.“From day one, I felt inspired and enthusiastic about learning,” she said, recalling her impressions of Fort Hays State University’s (FHSU) vibrant campus. “Small class sizes allowed me to engage meaningfully with my peers and professors.”Jorja describes KAMS as “an incredible experience that taught me how to ask critical questions and design experiments, and it made me a stronger scientist overall. KAMS built the foundation, and FHSU expanded on it, which ultimately prepared me to be successful in graduate school and beyond.”Jorja dove into plant biology research. She polished her technical skills in molecular and cellular biology labs, uncovering a passion cultivated with each experiment. She thrived in a culture emphasizing collaboration, assisting her peers first as a student and later as a tutor. “It was rewarding to give back, supporting other students in subjects I had grown to love,” she noted.Jorja completed her bachelor's degree at FHSU in 2021. She served as a VIP Ambassador for the Office of the President and as the Chemistry/Pre-Professional Club president. Under her leadership, the club organized several volunteer and outreach initiatives, instilling in her the importance of community engagement. The Honors College experience further enriched her education, focusing on personal growth and mentorship.Throughout her undergraduate years, Jorja showcased her determination and capability. She presented her research findings at various conferences, connecting with fellow scientists andmentors, one of whom was Dr. Amidon, whose advice she still cherishes. “He shaped my entry into the workforce and provided invaluable insights into navigating my academic journey,” Jorja reminisced.In 2021, Jorja embarked on her Ph.D. journey at Texas A&amp;M University, a decision driven by her commitment to research and her desire to expand her understanding of evolutionary biology. “I was accepted straight out of my bachelor’s program,” she said. “That was such an honor; it meant I could jump into intensive research without taking a couple of extra years to pursue a master’s degree.”The path to her Ph.D. has been built not only on her academic achievements but has also laid a strong groundwork for future success. Recently recognized with the Lawrence S. Dillon Distinguished Graduate Student Award at Texas A&amp;M, she looks forward to defending her doctoral dissertation in November 2024.Yet Jorja’s path hasn’t been devoid of challenges. “I have always struggled with setting boundaries between my research and my personal life.”“I remember being completely overwhelmed with coursework and career planning in my second year of the KAMS program. I sat in Will Burns’ office, planning my next two years of classes, when he suggested that I wait to take organic chemistry and instead take a yoga class to try to relax. Completely appalled by this suggestion, I left to consider my options, and the next week, I enrolled in organic chemistry for the following semester. I passed the class, vowed never to take another chemistry course, and switched my study from pre-medicine to biology. Had I never made this switch, I might've never found the research I am passionate about.”Despite not following Will’s advice, Jorja recognizes his wisdom and shares that finding ways to destress is a skill she is still cultivating. While continuing to hone this skill, she encourages future generations to embrace moments of clarity and rest amidst the whirlwind of academia. “Taking time to destress is so important. I wish I had prioritized that sooner,” she adds thoughtfully, with the wisdom of her experiences resonating through her words.“I think about the moments of joy and struggle, the teachers who believed in me, the peers who supported me,” she said, reflecting on her journey. “Every step, every question asked has brought me to this point. I am so grateful to KAMS for providing the foundation upon which I built my career and to FHSU for expanding my horizons. It’s a network of support that I carry with me everywhere.”As her dissertation defense approaches in November 2024, Jorja embodies all the promises of a scientist on the precipice of a bright future. She is not just a researcher but an educator, an advocate for young students striving for their dreams in STEM, and a mentor in the making.Jorja’s unwavering dedication to research and education ensures she will leave her mark in evolutionary biology and inspire countless others to follow their dreams and explore the infinite possibilities that await them.Jorja Burch embodies the heart of an FHSU tiger through her resilience, passion, and pursuit of knowledge. From her roots in Pratt, Kansas, to the expansive research landscapes of Texas A&amp;M University and beyond, she continues to push boundaries, redefine what’s possible, and inspire others with her journey.

Heart of a Tiger: Kansas Academy of Math and Science alum ready to make her mark on the world

For
the last nearly 15 years, I have had the honor of serving your community.&nbsp; I’ve represented you, your family members,
and your neighbors on all sorts of legal matters ranging from speeding tickets
and traffic matters, to minors in possession of alcohol, to drug possession and
distribution cases, to Children in Need of Care hearings, to juvenile offender
matters, to some of the most heartbreaking criminal cases that plague every
community.&nbsp; I’ve been a lifelong Western
Kansas kid, and have enjoyed helping the residents of Trego County with all of
their legal matters.

Without
a doubt, one of the people that keeps Trego County on the right path is Judge
Richard Flax.&nbsp; He’s been your judge since
he was elected in 1996, and has done an admirable job in that position.

If
you would ask any attorney that appears regularly in front of Judge Flax, I
have no doubt any of them will tell you the same thing: Judge Flax is fair.
Judge Flax is honest. Judge Flax is well prepared for every hearing. Every
plaintiff and every defendant will be given their chance to be heard in Judge
Flax’s courtroom.

In
many ways, Judge Flax embodies the spirit of the community.&nbsp; He’s not a politician, not someone to ever
talk about himself, so you’ll never hear him brag about his accomplishments,
accolades, or awards. Few in Trego County know Judge Flax was awarded the Lee
Nusser Award for Outstanding Magistrate Judge last year, because he would never
bring it up.

I
will tell you, that combination of professionalism, with that level of humility
is exactly why his colleagues gave him that award.&nbsp; 

A
vote for Richard Flax is a vote for integrity, honesty, and fairness. Having
someone you know will provide all of that to your community is not something
that can be found around any corner.&nbsp; On
November 5, 2024, I would encourage you to vote for Richard Flax for Trego
County Magistrate Judge. 

J.
Alex Herman Herman
&amp; McCoy, P.A.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1698091063975.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>Voters
of Trego County:For
the last nearly 15 years, I have had the honor of serving your community.&nbsp; I’ve represented you, your family members,
and your neighbors on all sorts of legal matters ranging from speeding tickets
and traffic matters, to minors in possession of alcohol, to drug possession and
distribution cases, to Children in Need of Care hearings, to juvenile offender
matters, to some of the most heartbreaking criminal cases that plague every
community.&nbsp; I’ve been a lifelong Western
Kansas kid, and have enjoyed helping the residents of Trego County with all of
their legal matters.Without
a doubt, one of the people that keeps Trego County on the right path is Judge
Richard Flax.&nbsp; He’s been your judge since
he was elected in 1996, and has done an admirable job in that position.If
you would ask any attorney that appears regularly in front of Judge Flax, I
have no doubt any of them will tell you the same thing: Judge Flax is fair.
Judge Flax is honest. Judge Flax is well prepared for every hearing. Every
plaintiff and every defendant will be given their chance to be heard in Judge
Flax’s courtroom.In
many ways, Judge Flax embodies the spirit of the community.&nbsp; He’s not a politician, not someone to ever
talk about himself, so you’ll never hear him brag about his accomplishments,
accolades, or awards. Few in Trego County know Judge Flax was awarded the Lee
Nusser Award for Outstanding Magistrate Judge last year, because he would never
bring it up.I
will tell you, that combination of professionalism, with that level of humility
is exactly why his colleagues gave him that award.&nbsp; A
vote for Richard Flax is a vote for integrity, honesty, and fairness. Having
someone you know will provide all of that to your community is not something
that can be found around any corner.&nbsp; On
November 5, 2024, I would encourage you to vote for Richard Flax for Trego
County Magistrate Judge. J.
Alex Herman Herman
&amp; McCoy, P.A.

LETTER: Re-elect Richard Flax, Magistrate Judge

As a gal who grew up bodysurfing every warm and sort of warm day of her teenage years, I love the ocean. Relocating to my birth state required readjusting until I realized I heard the reverberations of pounding waves when I stood atop windy Kansas hills. Adding sight to sound, high-ground overlooking windblown grainfields reveals that blowing wheat rolls like the Pacific waves of my childhood. After digging into Kansas geology, I realized an ancient seabed forms this landscape, offering OLD rocks and fossils to seekers of such.

The Western Inland Sea that split our land mass from the Gulf of Mexico to the Arctic Ocean during the late Cretaceous left treasures for the curious. During our early years of marriage, I’d find septarian nodules near Cedar Bluff. They were so common, I kept none. They’re harder to find now so I celebrated when a recent adventure delivered two weighty prizes to my house.

The first time I spotted a septarian nodule, I swore I’d found a petrified turtle. The segments of limestone and calcite or carbonate mineral look like turtle shell scutes. I’ve since learned no turtle created this stone. Anywhere from 144,000,000 to 65,000,000 years ago during the Cretaceous period, mud, limestone, or silt may or may not have compacted around a bit of organic matter, creating a round or oval conglomeration in that shallow seabed. Once dried, the orb cracked. Another wet cycle began and suspended minerals then collected in radiating fissures, creating eye-catching dividing lines to dazzle future collectors. Finding a septarian nodule is a journey across time. Listen for the sounds of lapping waves.

Speaking of dividing lines—that’s where these rocks got their name. That little flap of skin that divides nostrils is called a septum. Some Latin speaking scientist made the connection between his schnoz splitter and these rocks and named them septarian nodules. Tuck that tidbit into your trivia collection for future reference.

For those who love interesting looking rocks, these meet such criteria. Mixtures of colors, including hues of ochre, brown, yellow, orange, tan, white, and grey create geometric designs throughout the stone. Because the original mudstones split and filled with carbonates, calcites, or other minerals, these easily fracture which results in oddly shaped and sized stones. In fact, hounders often find parts instead of whole nodules. After millions of freeze and thaw cycles, it’s amazing we still discover intact specimens.

On that note, weathering takes its toll. Often times folks recognize septarian nodules because the outer crust or matrix covering the filled-in fractures erodes. I’m guessing more than one inexperienced nodule hunter walked right over a stone that recently emerged from protective soils and still has a limestone coating.

Because some nodules formed around organic matter, some collectors saw them in half to see what’s inside. It’s possible to find crystals or a small fossil. The ones I’ve found are just mudballs that cracked and filled with calcite or carbonate suspensions. When I want to see hidden treasure, I visit rock shops and museums.

When the day comes I can no longer find reminders that I live on an ancient seabed, I hope our daughters position my septarian nodules outside my window. I’ll see them and recall the thrill of finding rocks created millions of years ago by receding, shallow seas--a recollection that even beats body-surfing memories.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2024/10/1728330328251.jpeg" alt="Courtesy photo" />
 <figcaption>Courtesy photo</figcaption>
 </figure>By KAREN MADORINAs a gal who grew up bodysurfing every warm and sort of warm day of her teenage years, I love the ocean. Relocating to my birth state required readjusting until I realized I heard the reverberations of pounding waves when I stood atop windy Kansas hills. Adding sight to sound, high-ground overlooking windblown grainfields reveals that blowing wheat rolls like the Pacific waves of my childhood. After digging into Kansas geology, I realized an ancient seabed forms this landscape, offering OLD rocks and fossils to seekers of such.The Western Inland Sea that split our land mass from the Gulf of Mexico to the Arctic Ocean during the late Cretaceous left treasures for the curious. During our early years of marriage, I’d find septarian nodules near Cedar Bluff. They were so common, I kept none. They’re harder to find now so I celebrated when a recent adventure delivered two weighty prizes to my house.The first time I spotted a septarian nodule, I swore I’d found a petrified turtle. The segments of limestone and calcite or carbonate mineral look like turtle shell scutes. I’ve since learned no turtle created this stone. Anywhere from 144,000,000 to 65,000,000 years ago during the Cretaceous period, mud, limestone, or silt may or may not have compacted around a bit of organic matter, creating a round or oval conglomeration in that shallow seabed. Once dried, the orb cracked. Another wet cycle began and suspended minerals then collected in radiating fissures, creating eye-catching dividing lines to dazzle future collectors. Finding a septarian nodule is a journey across time. Listen for the sounds of lapping waves.Speaking of dividing lines—that’s where these rocks got their name. That little flap of skin that divides nostrils is called a septum. Some Latin speaking scientist made the connection between his schnoz splitter and these rocks and named them septarian nodules. Tuck that tidbit into your trivia collection for future reference.For those who love interesting looking rocks, these meet such criteria. Mixtures of colors, including hues of ochre, brown, yellow, orange, tan, white, and grey create geometric designs throughout the stone. Because the original mudstones split and filled with carbonates, calcites, or other minerals, these easily fracture which results in oddly shaped and sized stones. In fact, hounders often find parts instead of whole nodules. After millions of freeze and thaw cycles, it’s amazing we still discover intact specimens.On that note, weathering takes its toll. Often times folks recognize septarian nodules because the outer crust or matrix covering the filled-in fractures erodes. I’m guessing more than one inexperienced nodule hunter walked right over a stone that recently emerged from protective soils and still has a limestone coating.Because some nodules formed around organic matter, some collectors saw them in half to see what’s inside. It’s possible to find crystals or a small fossil. The ones I’ve found are just mudballs that cracked and filled with calcite or carbonate suspensions. When I want to see hidden treasure, I visit rock shops and museums.When the day comes I can no longer find reminders that I live on an ancient seabed, I hope our daughters position my septarian nodules outside my window. I’ll see them and recall the thrill of finding rocks created millions of years ago by receding, shallow seas--a recollection that even beats body-surfing memories.

MADORIN: Don’t knock those nodules

Medicare can be challenging to navigate. If you are eligible, you know that enrolling in hospital insurance, Part B, supplemental coverage, and a drug plan can be overwhelming. The good news is that if you aren’t pleased with your current coverage, open enrollment allows you to make some changes. For example, you can review your current drug plan and see if it will be your best option next year. Since Part D plans tend to change yearly, it’s smart to see what that means for your coverage and costs.

The Cottonwood Extension District is here to help. Certified Senior Health Insurance Counselors in Kansas (SHICK) offer free, unbiased, and confidential Part D assistance to help you find the best drug plan. If you want to compare drug plans, switch plans, or shop around, we are available to visit with you, and see what works best for your situation. Open Enrollment is from October 15 – December 7, and you can schedule an appointment today in the Great Bend or Hays office. Certified volunteers, Donna and John Krug, will also have limited availability in the Great Bend office.

Other resources in the Great Bend area include Volunteers in Action who are SHICK trained. They will be accepting appointments starting on Oct. 17 and you can call 620-792-1614 to make an appointment. Director Linn Hogg says, “Our goal is to help you find the lowest out-of-pocket plan available.”

When you schedule an appointment with the Cottonwood District, you will receive a Medicare Part D Prescription Drug -Coverage Worksheet. Medicare beneficiaries need to list all prescription drugs taken, dosage, and 30-day quantity on the worksheet. Bring the worksheet, your Medicare card, and recent letters from Social Security or Medicare to your appointment. To

schedule your appointment, please call (620) 793- 1910. If you have questions regarding Medicare, please contact Karissa at (620) 793- 1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.

Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1697546908793.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By KARISSA WINKEL Cottonwood Extension DistrictMedicare can be challenging to navigate. If you are eligible, you know that enrolling in hospital insurance, Part B, supplemental coverage, and a drug plan can be overwhelming. The good news is that if you aren’t pleased with your current coverage, open enrollment allows you to make some changes. For example, you can review your current drug plan and see if it will be your best option next year. Since Part D plans tend to change yearly, it’s smart to see what that means for your coverage and costs.The Cottonwood Extension District is here to help. Certified Senior Health Insurance Counselors in Kansas (SHICK) offer free, unbiased, and confidential Part D assistance to help you find the best drug plan. If you want to compare drug plans, switch plans, or shop around, we are available to visit with you, and see what works best for your situation. Open Enrollment is from October 15 – December 7, and you can schedule an appointment today in the Great Bend or Hays office. Certified volunteers, Donna and John Krug, will also have limited availability in the Great Bend office.Other resources in the Great Bend area include Volunteers in Action who are SHICK trained. They will be accepting appointments starting on Oct. 17 and you can call 620-792-1614 to make an appointment. Director Linn Hogg says, “Our goal is to help you find the lowest out-of-pocket plan available.”When you schedule an appointment with the Cottonwood District, you will receive a Medicare Part D Prescription Drug -Coverage Worksheet. Medicare beneficiaries need to list all prescription drugs taken, dosage, and 30-day quantity on the worksheet. Bring the worksheet, your Medicare card, and recent letters from Social Security or Medicare to your appointment. Toschedule your appointment, please call (620) 793- 1910. If you have questions regarding Medicare, please contact Karissa at (620) 793- 1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.

WINKEL: Medicare Part D open enrollment

By ALICIA BOOR Cottonwood Extension District

Musk thistle is one of 12 noxious weeds in Kansas, infesting over 420,000 acres. It has been reported in nearly every county in Kansas and is found primarily in pastures, rangeland, hay meadows, alfalfa, fallow, roadsides, and waste areas. Under the new Noxious Weed Law, musk thistle is considered a Category C weed. That means it is well established within the state and has an extensive population.&nbsp;

Control efforts should be aimed at reducing or eliminating new populations, and established stands should be managed with any accepted control method.&nbsp; These include mechanical, chemical, and biological approaches.&nbsp; Mechanical control involves removing the entire plant or just the reproductive parts to prevent the plants from producing flowers/seeds.&nbsp; 

Mowing, digging, and hoeing are common mechanical methods of controlling musk thistle. Several herbicides are labeled for musk thistle control and are discussed below.&nbsp; Biological control requires a permit and needs to be integrated with other methods.&nbsp; Head and crown weevils are found in the state but cannot be transported across state lines.&nbsp; A flower fly is a new candidate species for biological control of musk thistle.

Musk thistle is primarily a biennial or winter annual species. Biennials take two growing seasons to complete their life cycle. Thistles germinating in the spring will spend the entire summer as a rosette, live through the winter, and bolt the next year in May and June. Winter annual plants will germinate with moisture and warm temperatures in the fall, live through the winter, and bolt the following year.

Most people recognize musk thistle during the early summer when the plants are actively blooming. However, musk thistle control is easiest as a rosette.

Fall is an excellent time to spray musk thistle as all are in the rosette growth stage. Another advantage of treatment in the fall is reduced risk of off-target drift. Waiting until most deciduous trees have lost their leaves and most crops are harvested will greatly reduce the likelihood of damage from herbicide drift. A wider window of opportunity for treating musk thistle also exists in the fall. The spraying window in the fall probably extends until the ground is frozen, and the musk thistle plants have shut down activity until warmer temperatures in the spring. Freezing temperatures will start to damage musk thistle plants, with some yellowing and curling of leaves. However, the plants are susceptible to herbicides as long as green tissue exists.

Dry conditions in the fall can reduce control of musk thistle with certain herbicides. Still, studies in Kansas indicated that a fall application of 2,4-D LVE at 2 lbs per acre was more effective (80% control) than a similar rate of 2,4-D amine (49% control). Dicamba + 2,4-D amine at 0.25 + 0.75 lbs per acre and picloram at 0.125 lbs per acre were also effective (&gt;90% control) on musk thistle treated in the fall.&nbsp; Other herbicides that have proven effective include 3-5&nbsp; fl oz/acre aminopyralid (Milestone) and aminopyralid + metsulfuron (Chaparral at 1.5 oz/acre).&nbsp; Products containing picloram and aminopyralid will not only control rosettes treated in the fall but will have enough carryover to control emerging seedlings the following spring.

If you need to treat musk thistle this fall, select the proper herbicide for the job.&nbsp; If possible, select a warm, sunny day to spray. Scattered rosettes can be mechanically removed by digging below the crown. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1698682262753.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By ALICIA BOOR Cottonwood Extension DistrictMusk thistle is one of 12 noxious weeds in Kansas, infesting over 420,000 acres. It has been reported in nearly every county in Kansas and is found primarily in pastures, rangeland, hay meadows, alfalfa, fallow, roadsides, and waste areas. Under the new Noxious Weed Law, musk thistle is considered a Category C weed. That means it is well established within the state and has an extensive population.&nbsp;Control efforts should be aimed at reducing or eliminating new populations, and established stands should be managed with any accepted control method.&nbsp; These include mechanical, chemical, and biological approaches.&nbsp; Mechanical control involves removing the entire plant or just the reproductive parts to prevent the plants from producing flowers/seeds.&nbsp; Mowing, digging, and hoeing are common mechanical methods of controlling musk thistle. Several herbicides are labeled for musk thistle control and are discussed below.&nbsp; Biological control requires a permit and needs to be integrated with other methods.&nbsp; Head and crown weevils are found in the state but cannot be transported across state lines.&nbsp; A flower fly is a new candidate species for biological control of musk thistle.Musk thistle is primarily a biennial or winter annual species. Biennials take two growing seasons to complete their life cycle. Thistles germinating in the spring will spend the entire summer as a rosette, live through the winter, and bolt the next year in May and June. Winter annual plants will germinate with moisture and warm temperatures in the fall, live through the winter, and bolt the following year.Most people recognize musk thistle during the early summer when the plants are actively blooming. However, musk thistle control is easiest as a rosette.Fall is an excellent time to spray musk thistle as all are in the rosette growth stage. Another advantage of treatment in the fall is reduced risk of off-target drift. Waiting until most deciduous trees have lost their leaves and most crops are harvested will greatly reduce the likelihood of damage from herbicide drift. A wider window of opportunity for treating musk thistle also exists in the fall. The spraying window in the fall probably extends until the ground is frozen, and the musk thistle plants have shut down activity until warmer temperatures in the spring. Freezing temperatures will start to damage musk thistle plants, with some yellowing and curling of leaves. However, the plants are susceptible to herbicides as long as green tissue exists.Dry conditions in the fall can reduce control of musk thistle with certain herbicides. Still, studies in Kansas indicated that a fall application of 2,4-D LVE at 2 lbs per acre was more effective (80% control) than a similar rate of 2,4-D amine (49% control). Dicamba + 2,4-D amine at 0.25 + 0.75 lbs per acre and picloram at 0.125 lbs per acre were also effective (&gt;90% control) on musk thistle treated in the fall.&nbsp; Other herbicides that have proven effective include 3-5&nbsp; fl oz/acre aminopyralid (Milestone) and aminopyralid + metsulfuron (Chaparral at 1.5 oz/acre).&nbsp; Products containing picloram and aminopyralid will not only control rosettes treated in the fall but will have enough carryover to control emerging seedlings the following spring.If you need to treat musk thistle this fall, select the proper herbicide for the job.&nbsp; If possible, select a warm, sunny day to spray. Scattered rosettes can be mechanically removed by digging below the crown. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

BOOR: Musk thistle control

Do you have a family member diagnosed with Alzheimer’s or some other form of dementia? Maybe you work with dementia patients at your job? Would you like to learn more about this disease?

Twice a year, Cottonwood Extension District, A Different Mindset Association, and Clinkscales Elder Law come together to present an educational workshop aimed to support people diagnosed with Alzheimer’s or dementia and their family or caregivers.

In the spring and the fall, we hold a two-night workshop aimed at educating the public about dementia. The fall workshop will be held October 9th and 10th from 6-8pm at the Cottonwood Extension District office located at 601 Main St. The first night Monique will present on

Nourishing Brain Health: Recommendations for Combating Neurodegenerative Diseases. The second night, Jill Wechsler, Care Coordinator from Clinkscales Elder Law, will present on Dementia Behaviors along with a panel discussion with individuals from A Different Mindset Association. A Different Mindset Association is a non-profit organization from Ellis County that offer support and education to families experiencing dementia.

Please call the Extension office to sign up. We will also offer a zoom link if you cannot attend in person. You must provide a working email address to obtain the zoom link. The sessions will also be recorded for future use and training.

You are welcome to come one or both nights, whatever works best for you. Light refreshments will be served.

Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522152076.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By MONIQUE KOERNER Cottonwood Extension DistrictDo you have a family member diagnosed with Alzheimer’s or some other form of dementia? Maybe you work with dementia patients at your job? Would you like to learn more about this disease?Twice a year, Cottonwood Extension District, A Different Mindset Association, and Clinkscales Elder Law come together to present an educational workshop aimed to support people diagnosed with Alzheimer’s or dementia and their family or caregivers.In the spring and the fall, we hold a two-night workshop aimed at educating the public about dementia. The fall workshop will be held October 9th and 10th from 6-8pm at the Cottonwood Extension District office located at 601 Main St. The first night Monique will present onNourishing Brain Health: Recommendations for Combating Neurodegenerative Diseases. The second night, Jill Wechsler, Care Coordinator from Clinkscales Elder Law, will present on Dementia Behaviors along with a panel discussion with individuals from A Different Mindset Association. A Different Mindset Association is a non-profit organization from Ellis County that offer support and education to families experiencing dementia.Please call the Extension office to sign up. We will also offer a zoom link if you cannot attend in person. You must provide a working email address to obtain the zoom link. The sessions will also be recorded for future use and training.You are welcome to come one or both nights, whatever works best for you. Light refreshments will be served.Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu.

KOERNER: Dementia workshop

This week’s column is short on outdoor learnin’, but it seems to me we could all use some chuckles about now. So, if you can identify with any of the below, you probably should NOT be a fisherman.

When someone hollers “Quick, get the net,” and you dive for your smart phone to quickly pull up the internet, you probably shouldn’t be a fisherman.

If you worry more about whether your life jacket makes you look fat than whether it would save your life, you probably shouldn’t be a fisherman.

If you insist on scrubbing your hands like a surgeon each time you dip into your snack bag, you probably shouldn’t be a fisherman.

If you feel the need to read a eulogy for each night crawler you thread onto a hook, you probably shouldn’t be a fisherman.

If you think “trolling” has something to do with ugly, wart-covered creatures that live under bridges you probably shouldn’t be a fisherman.

If a deep-seated concern for “night crawler rights” leads you to make midnight covert raids on fishermen’s cabins, emptying worm boxes and pillaging bait buckets you probably shouldn’t be a fisherman.

And finally, if bending or stretching the truth even slightly makes you break into a cold sweat, stutter or lose control of your bodily functions, you DEFINEATLY should not be a fisherman!

And along those same lines, if you can relate to any of the conditions stated below, you probably should consider yourself AN OLD fisherman.

You’re probably an old fisherman if you still smell like Ben Gay even after you’ve cleaned your fish.

If, after reaching quickly under the boat seat for the dip net, you’ve found yourself holding your cane instead, you’re probably an old fisherman.

If you have ever started to hold the line between your teeth only to discover you’ve left your teeth at home at home, you’re probably an old fisherman.

If removing that occasional fishbone from your teeth can now be accomplished by removing your teeth and tapping them on the table, you just might be an old fisherman.

If you’re shore lunch during a fishing trip now includes a tall, cool thermos of Metamucil and a box of prunes, you’re probably an old fisherman.

If your fishing buddies are now more than happy to take you along to their secret “honey holes” because they are confident you’ll never remember where you were anyway, you’re probably an old fisherman.

You’re probably an old fisherman if your wife now begs to go fishing with you because she’s afraid you’ll forget your way back home (you should feel lucky she wants you back home).

You’re probably an old fisherman if you recently removed a seat from your boat to make room for your walker.

You just might be an old fisherman, if to you, the letters GPS mean Gotta’ Pee Soon

And finally, it’s easy for anyone to drive off with their coffee cup sitting on the roof or the bumper of the pickup, but if you have gotten to the lake and turned around to back your boat down the boat ramp only to discover the boat was still parked in the driveway at home, you’re an old fisherman.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574696211722.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By STEVE GILLILAND Exploring Kansas OutdoorsThis week’s column is short on outdoor learnin’, but it seems to me we could all use some chuckles about now. So, if you can identify with any of the below, you probably should NOT be a fisherman.When someone hollers “Quick, get the net,” and you dive for your smart phone to quickly pull up the internet, you probably shouldn’t be a fisherman.If you worry more about whether your life jacket makes you look fat than whether it would save your life, you probably shouldn’t be a fisherman.If you insist on scrubbing your hands like a surgeon each time you dip into your snack bag, you probably shouldn’t be a fisherman.If you feel the need to read a eulogy for each night crawler you thread onto a hook, you probably shouldn’t be a fisherman.If you think “trolling” has something to do with ugly, wart-covered creatures that live under bridges you probably shouldn’t be a fisherman.If a deep-seated concern for “night crawler rights” leads you to make midnight covert raids on fishermen’s cabins, emptying worm boxes and pillaging bait buckets you probably shouldn’t be a fisherman.And finally, if bending or stretching the truth even slightly makes you break into a cold sweat, stutter or lose control of your bodily functions, you DEFINEATLY should not be a fisherman!And along those same lines, if you can relate to any of the conditions stated below, you probably should consider yourself AN OLD fisherman.You’re probably an old fisherman if you still smell like Ben Gay even after you’ve cleaned your fish.If, after reaching quickly under the boat seat for the dip net, you’ve found yourself holding your cane instead, you’re probably an old fisherman.If you have ever started to hold the line between your teeth only to discover you’ve left your teeth at home at home, you’re probably an old fisherman.If removing that occasional fishbone from your teeth can now be accomplished by removing your teeth and tapping them on the table, you just might be an old fisherman.If you’re shore lunch during a fishing trip now includes a tall, cool thermos of Metamucil and a box of prunes, you’re probably an old fisherman.If your fishing buddies are now more than happy to take you along to their secret “honey holes” because they are confident you’ll never remember where you were anyway, you’re probably an old fisherman.You’re probably an old fisherman if your wife now begs to go fishing with you because she’s afraid you’ll forget your way back home (you should feel lucky she wants you back home).You’re probably an old fisherman if you recently removed a seat from your boat to make room for your walker.You just might be an old fisherman, if to you, the letters GPS mean Gotta’ Pee SoonAnd finally, it’s easy for anyone to drive off with their coffee cup sitting on the roof or the bumper of the pickup, but if you have gotten to the lake and turned around to back your boat down the boat ramp only to discover the boat was still parked in the driveway at home, you’re an old fisherman.Steve can be contacted by email at stevenrgilliland@gmail.com.

Opinion