By ALEXANDRA MIDDLEWOOD Insight Kansas

On May 31st the Kansas Supreme Court ruled on a case challenging the state’s 2021 election laws that made it more difficult for Kansas citizens to vote.

In its majority decision, the Court states that there is no right to vote enshrined in the Kansas Bill of Rights, but that voting rights are explicitly given in Articles 4 and 5 of the Constitution.

As I was reading the news on the Court’s decision, I found myself recalling a book I recently read (via audiobook), Tyranny of the Minority, by prominent political scientists Steven Levitsky and Daniel Ziblatt.

In the book, Levitsky and Ziblatt state that the whole point of a democratic constitution is to establish a set of rights that are protected from the fleeting whims of present day policymakers. (They were of course discussing the US Constitution, but the same idea applies to state constitutions.)

They also argue that it is imperative we not forget that even the most well-intentioned constitutions are fallible. Even the most brilliant constitutional framers are not perfect, they cannot foresee what undemocratic challenges their document may face in a distant future.

The protection of voting rights is one such example.

Our state constitution was adopted six short years before voting rights were added to the US Constitution via the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments, which allowed Kansas to build upon some of the US Constitution’s shortcomings by including voting rights.

As Levitsky and Ziblatt discuss in more detail, the Founders’ ideas regarding democracy were certainly novel and also quite radical for the time, but their goal was not to build what we would today consider to be a modern democracy.

Many Americans revere the Constitution as a virtually infallible document. But this is not reality. The Constitution was not a well-thought-out master plan for democracy. It was built on improvisation and compromise.

We should take care to view our constitutions for exactly what they are, imperfect governing documents that are meant to evolve with the changing societal and political needs of a democracy and its citizenry.

The Kansas Supreme Court’s decision furthers the need for this approach.

The decision can be interpreted in such a way that the state constitution only protects procedural representation — the right of citizens to vote for government representatives. As the Court’s dissenting opinion points out, there is a question of whether the Constitution protects substantive representation — the representation of citizens’ interests in the policymaking process.

The dissenting justices argued that substantive representation is protected by the state’s constitution, but the majority opinion disregarded this interpretation.

In other words, the Court ruled that citizens do indeed have a right to vote, but their elected representatives are not required to act in accordance with citizens’ wishes and interests.

A modern democracy is not simply a system of majority rule; it combines majority rule and minority rights.

To once again borrow from Levitsky and Ziblatt: democracies must create mechanisms that protect the democratic process from forces that would undermine it.

Democracy cannot exist without free and fair elections. But not everything can or should be up for grabs by officials who are elected, or appointed, to represent us, especially voting rights.

It is exceedingly concerning that the state’s highest court would exclude substantive representation as an important aspect of protecting voting rights.

The ruling exposes a significant oversight in the interpretation of voting rights within the state constitution.

It is crucial for citizens to remain vigilant and advocate for policies that protect and expand voting rights for all citizens, ensuring that our state democracy reflects its core values of inclusivity and participation.

Alexandra Middlewood, PhD is the Department Chair of Political Science at Wichita State University.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/9/1694699489540.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By ALEXANDRA MIDDLEWOOD Insight KansasOn May 31st the Kansas Supreme Court ruled on a case challenging the state’s 2021 election laws that made it more difficult for Kansas citizens to vote.In its majority decision, the Court states that there is no right to vote enshrined in the Kansas Bill of Rights, but that voting rights are explicitly given in Articles 4 and 5 of the Constitution.As I was reading the news on the Court’s decision, I found myself recalling a book I recently read (via audiobook), Tyranny of the Minority, by prominent political scientists Steven Levitsky and Daniel Ziblatt.In the book, Levitsky and Ziblatt state that the whole point of a democratic constitution is to establish a set of rights that are protected from the fleeting whims of present day policymakers. (They were of course discussing the US Constitution, but the same idea applies to state constitutions.)They also argue that it is imperative we not forget that even the most well-intentioned constitutions are fallible. Even the most brilliant constitutional framers are not perfect, they cannot foresee what undemocratic challenges their document may face in a distant future.The protection of voting rights is one such example.Our state constitution was adopted six short years before voting rights were added to the US Constitution via the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments, which allowed Kansas to build upon some of the US Constitution’s shortcomings by including voting rights.As Levitsky and Ziblatt discuss in more detail, the Founders’ ideas regarding democracy were certainly novel and also quite radical for the time, but their goal was not to build what we would today consider to be a modern democracy.Many Americans revere the Constitution as a virtually infallible document. But this is not reality. The Constitution was not a well-thought-out master plan for democracy. It was built on improvisation and compromise.We should take care to view our constitutions for exactly what they are, imperfect governing documents that are meant to evolve with the changing societal and political needs of a democracy and its citizenry.The Kansas Supreme Court’s decision furthers the need for this approach.The decision can be interpreted in such a way that the state constitution only protects procedural representation — the right of citizens to vote for government representatives. As the Court’s dissenting opinion points out, there is a question of whether the Constitution protects substantive representation — the representation of citizens’ interests in the policymaking process.The dissenting justices argued that substantive representation is protected by the state’s constitution, but the majority opinion disregarded this interpretation.In other words, the Court ruled that citizens do indeed have a right to vote, but their elected representatives are not required to act in accordance with citizens’ wishes and interests.This is concerning.A modern democracy is not simply a system of majority rule; it combines majority rule and minority rights.To once again borrow from Levitsky and Ziblatt: democracies must create mechanisms that protect the democratic process from forces that would undermine it.Democracy cannot exist without free and fair elections. But not everything can or should be up for grabs by officials who are elected, or appointed, to represent us, especially voting rights.It is exceedingly concerning that the state’s highest court would exclude substantive representation as an important aspect of protecting voting rights.The ruling exposes a significant oversight in the interpretation of voting rights within the state constitution.It is crucial for citizens to remain vigilant and advocate for policies that protect and expand voting rights for all citizens, ensuring that our state democracy reflects its core values of inclusivity and participation.Alexandra Middlewood, PhD is the Department Chair of Political Science at Wichita State University.

INSIGHT KANSAS: KS Supreme Court ruling highlights the fragility of voting rights

By KARISSA WINKEL Cottonwood Extension District

Have you ever considered yourself a caregiver? Have you looked after someone suffering a disability, illness, or injury? Have you raised children? If the answer is ‘yes,’ to any of these, you have played an invaluable role as a caregiver.

As you probably know, caregivers help with daily activities such as dressing, cooking, managing health concerns, and providing priceless emotional support.

With aging populations, an increase in chronic disease, and rising dementia rates, the need for caregivers is growing rapidly. In today’s world, many caregivers go unnoticed while balancing multiple responsibilities. For example, caregivers often fulfill various roles as employees, parents, and spouses. While responding to demands in other areas of life, taking on the title of “caregiver” can be another full-time commitment. This can lead to exhaustion and burnout. However, a person can’t effectively pour into others until they fill their own cup.

This is why caregivers must practice self-care, and for this same reason, A Different Mindset Association was formed in Hays, Kansas. This group came together as individual caregivers, seeking ways to support others facing similar challenges. Specifically, the association recognizes the need for respite care among those with dementia-related diseases and aims to provide education, network resources, and promote awareness about dementia. Currently, the group hosts caregiver support group meetings via Zoom and provides an in-person option at The Center for Health Improvement in Hays, Ks.

As a former caregiver, Co-founder, Micki Armstrong, shares her advice, “Self-care is a very important aspect of caregiving. Make sure that you’re taking care of yourself because statistics show that sometimes the caregiver falls ill or even dies before the person that they’re caring for does. So, it’s important that you have a support system that you exercise and that you give yourself a break. Find some respite care, because if you don’t, it will affect your health.”

A Different Mindset Association plans to launch respite services for caregivers soon. In the meantime, they will host an event, “A Polka Night to Remember,” that the whole family can enjoy. The group hopes to alleviate stress for caregivers and provide entertainment for all generations. It will take place on Saturday, June 8th from 6:00-10:30 pm at the VFW in Victoria, KS. All money raised will stay local to fund Dementia and Alzheimer’s Programs along with Caregiver Support in Ellis County and surrounding areas. Enjoy Polka music by Karl Meis, a dinner buffet by Brenton Hoffman Catering, a cash bar, door prizes, and a raffle for a quarter-side processed beef donated by VJS Polled Herefords and the Brian Staab family. Tickets are available at A Different Mindset Association’s website or call 785-269-1928.

According to the Alzheimer’s Association, “More than 11 million Americans provide unpaid care for a family member or friend with dementia, a contribution to the nation valued at nearly $340 billion.”

The role of a caregiver is significant. It is explained by some as “the most rewarding job,” yet it is highly demanding. Support A Different Mindset Association and our invaluable caregivers by joining them for “A Polka Night to Remember” on Saturday, June 8th.

Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1697546908793.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By KARISSA WINKEL Cottonwood Extension DistrictHave you ever considered yourself a caregiver? Have you looked after someone suffering a disability, illness, or injury? Have you raised children? If the answer is ‘yes,’ to any of these, you have played an invaluable role as a caregiver.As you probably know, caregivers help with daily activities such as dressing, cooking, managing health concerns, and providing priceless emotional support.With aging populations, an increase in chronic disease, and rising dementia rates, the need for caregivers is growing rapidly. In today’s world, many caregivers go unnoticed while balancing multiple responsibilities. For example, caregivers often fulfill various roles as employees, parents, and spouses. While responding to demands in other areas of life, taking on the title of “caregiver” can be another full-time commitment. This can lead to exhaustion and burnout. However, a person can’t effectively pour into others until they fill their own cup.This is why caregivers must practice self-care, and for this same reason, A Different Mindset Association was formed in Hays, Kansas. This group came together as individual caregivers, seeking ways to support others facing similar challenges. Specifically, the association recognizes the need for respite care among those with dementia-related diseases and aims to provide education, network resources, and promote awareness about dementia. Currently, the group hosts caregiver support group meetings via Zoom and provides an in-person option at The Center for Health Improvement in Hays, Ks.As a former caregiver, Co-founder, Micki Armstrong, shares her advice, “Self-care is a very important aspect of caregiving. Make sure that you’re taking care of yourself because statistics show that sometimes the caregiver falls ill or even dies before the person that they’re caring for does. So, it’s important that you have a support system that you exercise and that you give yourself a break. Find some respite care, because if you don’t, it will affect your health.”A Different Mindset Association plans to launch respite services for caregivers soon. In the meantime, they will host an event, “A Polka Night to Remember,” that the whole family can enjoy. The group hopes to alleviate stress for caregivers and provide entertainment for all generations. It will take place on Saturday, June 8th from 6:00-10:30 pm at the VFW in Victoria, KS. All money raised will stay local to fund Dementia and Alzheimer’s Programs along with Caregiver Support in Ellis County and surrounding areas. Enjoy Polka music by Karl Meis, a dinner buffet by Brenton Hoffman Catering, a cash bar, door prizes, and a raffle for a quarter-side processed beef donated by VJS Polled Herefords and the Brian Staab family. Tickets are available at A Different Mindset Association’s website or call 785-269-1928.According to the Alzheimer’s Association, “More than 11 million Americans provide unpaid care for a family member or friend with dementia, a contribution to the nation valued at nearly $340 billion.”The role of a caregiver is significant. It is explained by some as “the most rewarding job,” yet it is highly demanding. Support A Different Mindset Association and our invaluable caregivers by joining them for “A Polka Night to Remember” on Saturday, June 8th.Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.

WINKEL: Self-care for the caregiver

College tuition is going up in Kansas on all public university campuses. Operating costs are escalating, and higher education is faced with new Department of Labor overtime rules, a volatile employment market, and inflation—unfortunately, we experience that in many of the things we purchase on a regular basis.

Earlier this month, Kansas’ six public universities presented their proposed tuition and fee schedule for 2024-25 to the Kansas Board of Regents. Fort Hays State University, which has a long history of commitment to affordability, stood out from the rest with a proposed 6 percent increase. Before casting dispersions on the university for what many see as a big jump, it is important to know the rest of the story. A fuller story that was not reported in the media.

• Annual tuition for a full-time student at Fort Hays State would be $5,924, almost half the national average for public universities

• The proposed tuition at Fort Hays, even with the 6 percent increase, is still 35 percent less than the Kansas average for public universities

• In preparing the tuition proposal, the university looked at market trends and institutional needs believed essential to maintaining the balance between affordability and quality, long the hallmarks of a Fort Hays State education.

A commitment to accessibility and excellence guide Fort Hays State University leadership in important decisions concerning the cost of a university education. The tuition proposal presented to the Kansas Board of Regents will allow the university to continue its commitment to offering the best value in higher education in Kansas, something we all can support.

— Janis K. Lee, retired Kansas state senator

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1698091063975.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>College tuition is going up in Kansas on all public university campuses. Operating costs are escalating, and higher education is faced with new Department of Labor overtime rules, a volatile employment market, and inflation—unfortunately, we experience that in many of the things we purchase on a regular basis.Earlier this month, Kansas’ six public universities presented their proposed tuition and fee schedule for 2024-25 to the Kansas Board of Regents. Fort Hays State University, which has a long history of commitment to affordability, stood out from the rest with a proposed 6 percent increase. Before casting dispersions on the university for what many see as a big jump, it is important to know the rest of the story. A fuller story that was not reported in the media.• Annual tuition for a full-time student at Fort Hays State would be $5,924, almost half the national average for public universities• The proposed tuition at Fort Hays, even with the 6 percent increase, is still 35 percent less than the Kansas average for public universities• In preparing the tuition proposal, the university looked at market trends and institutional needs believed essential to maintaining the balance between affordability and quality, long the hallmarks of a Fort Hays State education.A commitment to accessibility and excellence guide Fort Hays State University leadership in important decisions concerning the cost of a university education. The tuition proposal presented to the Kansas Board of Regents will allow the university to continue its commitment to offering the best value in higher education in Kansas, something we all can support.— Janis K. Lee, retired Kansas state senator

LETTER TO THE EDITOR: And now the the rest of the story, college tuition

By MARK JOSLYN Insight Kansas

Why did this happen? How can it be prevented from happening again?

These are the questions asked after gunfire erupted at the conclusion of the Kansas City Super Bowl parade that left one person dead and dozens injured – including 11 children.

Citizens turned to the government for answers.

Yet the solutions proposed by elected officials differed along partisan lines.

Most Democrats consider guns a primary threat to safety. They cite thousands of gun deaths and injuries as evidence, including horrific mass shootings. To mitigate risks, and safeguard the well-being of everyone, stricter regulations that control gun ownership are required.

Most Republicans consider guns crucial for self-defense. Responsible gun owners can protect themselves and others from those who intend harm. Making access to firearms easier, not harder, empowers law-abiding citizens and contributes to a safer society.

These radically different approaches frustrate anxious citizens, fuel partisan discord, and often result in legislative paralysis.

It’s in fact astonishing how few politicians grasp the value of collaboration after such traumatic events.

If gun laws are modified, it’s typically due to the legislative dominance of one party. For example, six months after a deadly mass shooting in Maine that resulted in the deaths of 18 people and injuries to 13 others, the Democrat-led legislature passed various guns measures including 72-hour waiting periods for gun purchases, expanded background checks, and a ban on devices that convert guns into rapid-fire weapons. After a school shooting in Iowa, where a school principal and sixth grade student died and several more injured, Republicans passed a bill allowing trained teachers and staff to carry guns on school property. It also required large districts to have an armed security officer at each high school – unless the school board opted out. Polling in Kansas and Missouri suggests strong support for gun measures including criminal and mental health background checks and requiring people to be 21 or older to purchase a gun. There’s also modest support for teachers with proper training to carry firearms.

Both legislatures failed to give these measures serious consideration.

Now is the time for a new path forward. Research shows most gun violence is spatially concentrated, arising from structural disadvantages such as poverty, densely crowded housing, high unemployment, lower educational attainment, as well as poor mental health, exposure to violence, and drug/alcohol abuse.

Addressing these disadvantages requires improving economic opportunities, renovating environments such as dilapidated housing and vacant buildings, developing more parks and community centers, and strengthening civic infrastructures so people can learn ways to mitigate gun violence and establish organizations to partner with police and mental health professionals.

By focusing on structural factors, lawmakers from both sides of the aisle can embrace a politically viable and arguably more effective approach.

So, when the unsettling pattern repeats – gun violence, partisan squabbles, and frequent stalemate, keep in mind gun violence has multiple causes, and existing gun laws are just one piece of a very large and complex puzzle.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/9/1695215697316.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By MARK JOSLYN Insight KansasWhy did this happen? How can it be prevented from happening again?These are the questions asked after gunfire erupted at the conclusion of the Kansas City Super Bowl parade that left one person dead and dozens injured – including 11 children.Citizens turned to the government for answers.Yet the solutions proposed by elected officials differed along partisan lines.Most Democrats consider guns a primary threat to safety. They cite thousands of gun deaths and injuries as evidence, including horrific mass shootings. To mitigate risks, and safeguard the well-being of everyone, stricter regulations that control gun ownership are required.Most Republicans consider guns crucial for self-defense. Responsible gun owners can protect themselves and others from those who intend harm. Making access to firearms easier, not harder, empowers law-abiding citizens and contributes to a safer society.These radically different approaches frustrate anxious citizens, fuel partisan discord, and often result in legislative paralysis.It’s in fact astonishing how few politicians grasp the value of collaboration after such traumatic events.Party agendas come first.If gun laws are modified, it’s typically due to the legislative dominance of one party. For example, six months after a deadly mass shooting in Maine that resulted in the deaths of 18 people and injuries to 13 others, the Democrat-led legislature passed various guns measures including 72-hour waiting periods for gun purchases, expanded background checks, and a ban on devices that convert guns into rapid-fire weapons. After a school shooting in Iowa, where a school principal and sixth grade student died and several more injured, Republicans passed a bill allowing trained teachers and staff to carry guns on school property. It also required large districts to have an armed security officer at each high school – unless the school board opted out. Polling in Kansas and Missouri suggests strong support for gun measures including criminal and mental health background checks and requiring people to be 21 or older to purchase a gun. There’s also modest support for teachers with proper training to carry firearms.Both legislatures failed to give these measures serious consideration.Now is the time for a new path forward. Research shows most gun violence is spatially concentrated, arising from structural disadvantages such as poverty, densely crowded housing, high unemployment, lower educational attainment, as well as poor mental health, exposure to violence, and drug/alcohol abuse.Addressing these disadvantages requires improving economic opportunities, renovating environments such as dilapidated housing and vacant buildings, developing more parks and community centers, and strengthening civic infrastructures so people can learn ways to mitigate gun violence and establish organizations to partner with police and mental health professionals.By focusing on structural factors, lawmakers from both sides of the aisle can embrace a politically viable and arguably more effective approach.So, when the unsettling pattern repeats – gun violence, partisan squabbles, and frequent stalemate, keep in mind gun violence has multiple causes, and existing gun laws are just one piece of a very large and complex puzzle.

INSIGHT KANSAS: Partisan solutions to stop gun violence are due for a change.   

By MONIQUE KOERNER Cottonwood Extension District

Physical activity has many benefits. Walking, running, biking, swimming, lifting weights, playing sports, and moving more can add years to your life. Physical activity can improve your health, mood, and energy levels. But sometimes, the inspiration to get moving may be lacking. That’s when friends, family, and other social connections can help.

Research has shown that connecting with others, called social support, can help us get active and make changes to improve our health. Other people can help us start, continue, or increase how much we move. They can also help us make physical activity a habit.

There are many different types of social support. Social support doesn’t only include people you already know. It can include groups that help get you moving, like walking or hiking clubs. It can also mean going to exercise classes, whether in person or online. There are even social media communities that provide social support for exercise.

Social support can help people of all ages and abilities get more physical activity, even those with chronic (long-lasting) health problems.

Social support can make physical activity more fun and inviting. And being active is an important goal for just about everyone.

Regular physical activity can reduce the risk of serious health conditions. These include heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and cancer. Activity can boost brain health, improve sleep, and more.

Yet most American adults do not get the recommended amounts of physical activity. That’s at least two and a half hours of moderate activity, such as brisk walking, each week. Muscle-strengthening activities, like lifting weights, are also recommended at least twice a week.

Getting in that much activity might seem challenging. Any amount of physical activity is better than none. Even short bursts of activity throughout the day can be helpful, like 5 or 10 minutes at a time.

Companionship is a huge part of being active because being with someone can make physical activity more enjoyable. It can provide encouragement that keeps you going. And research has

found that social support can increase self-efficacy, which is the feeling that you can do something and be successful.

Finding physical activity you enjoy is often key to success. If you don’t enjoy it, it’ll be hard to make it into a daily or weekly habit.

Planning with someone and sticking to it can be especially helpful. Agree to meet at certain times to get active together. Or agree to check in with each other regularly at specific times. You can share successes and struggles.

If you plan to be active with a friend or family member, you’re more likely to keep that commitment. You’ll meet with them as promised and it helps keep you accountable.

Research shows that interacting with others can also help you to set and meet goals. People can help each other be physically active even if they’re not exercising together. And it can help if you make it fun. One NIH-supported study found that a game-based approach helped people get active after hospital discharge. Study participants wore a step-tracking device. They received game points and positive feedback for meeting step goals. Each also chose a supportive partner, like a friend or family member, to help keep them accountable. The partners received email updates on participants’ progress. They also provided encouragement.

By the end of 12 weeks, people who had higher social engagement had a significant increase in daily steps. A follow-up study is underway to see if an online coach can boost activity even more.

Certain groups of people have specific barriers that can keep them from getting active. For instance, older adults who’ve had a major health event like a heart attack may have anxiety or concerns about being physically active. Yet activity is so important for their health and recovery.

People with serious health conditions often have worries that keep them from getting active. They may avoid going to the gym because they feel embarrassed that they’re not able to do what other people can do. But being part of a group can have a positive impact. There’s something powerful about the shared experience. They see others who have a similar medical issue who are now able to exercise. It sets an example: If they can do it, I can do that too.

· Build your network. Find a group for people with shared interests, like a walking, hiking, dancing, or biking club.

· Make a shared routine. Commit to a walking schedule with a neighbor, family member, or friend.

· Be accountable. Share your physical activity goals with people you trust. Ask for their support.

· Take a class. Try a yoga, tai chi, or fitness class with a friend. You can even take a virtual class online with a friend in another town.

· Join a team. Look for local softball, soccer, or other sports teams.

· Family activity. Join your kids for a bike ride or throw a ball around before starting on homework or chores.

· Get dancing. Go to a local dance, take dance classes, or dance with family at home.

· Move more at work. Join worksite wellness and walking groups.

Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522152076.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By MONIQUE KOERNER Cottonwood Extension DistrictPhysical activity has many benefits. Walking, running, biking, swimming, lifting weights, playing sports, and moving more can add years to your life. Physical activity can improve your health, mood, and energy levels. But sometimes, the inspiration to get moving may be lacking. That’s when friends, family, and other social connections can help.Research has shown that connecting with others, called social support, can help us get active and make changes to improve our health. Other people can help us start, continue, or increase how much we move. They can also help us make physical activity a habit.There are many different types of social support. Social support doesn’t only include people you already know. It can include groups that help get you moving, like walking or hiking clubs. It can also mean going to exercise classes, whether in person or online. There are even social media communities that provide social support for exercise.Social support can help people of all ages and abilities get more physical activity, even those with chronic (long-lasting) health problems.The More the MerrierSocial support can make physical activity more fun and inviting. And being active is an important goal for just about everyone.Regular physical activity can reduce the risk of serious health conditions. These include heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and cancer. Activity can boost brain health, improve sleep, and more.Yet most American adults do not get the recommended amounts of physical activity. That’s at least two and a half hours of moderate activity, such as brisk walking, each week. Muscle-strengthening activities, like lifting weights, are also recommended at least twice a week.Getting in that much activity might seem challenging. Any amount of physical activity is better than none. Even short bursts of activity throughout the day can be helpful, like 5 or 10 minutes at a time.Companionship is a huge part of being active because being with someone can make physical activity more enjoyable. It can provide encouragement that keeps you going. And research hasfound that social support can increase self-efficacy, which is the feeling that you can do something and be successful.Finding physical activity you enjoy is often key to success. If you don’t enjoy it, it’ll be hard to make it into a daily or weekly habit.Plan TogetherPlanning with someone and sticking to it can be especially helpful. Agree to meet at certain times to get active together. Or agree to check in with each other regularly at specific times. You can share successes and struggles.If you plan to be active with a friend or family member, you’re more likely to keep that commitment. You’ll meet with them as promised and it helps keep you accountable.Research shows that interacting with others can also help you to set and meet goals. People can help each other be physically active even if they’re not exercising together. And it can help if you make it fun. One NIH-supported study found that a game-based approach helped people get active after hospital discharge. Study participants wore a step-tracking device. They received game points and positive feedback for meeting step goals. Each also chose a supportive partner, like a friend or family member, to help keep them accountable. The partners received email updates on participants’ progress. They also provided encouragement.By the end of 12 weeks, people who had higher social engagement had a significant increase in daily steps. A follow-up study is underway to see if an online coach can boost activity even more.Overcoming ObstaclesCertain groups of people have specific barriers that can keep them from getting active. For instance, older adults who’ve had a major health event like a heart attack may have anxiety or concerns about being physically active. Yet activity is so important for their health and recovery.People with serious health conditions often have worries that keep them from getting active. They may avoid going to the gym because they feel embarrassed that they’re not able to do what other people can do. But being part of a group can have a positive impact. There’s something powerful about the shared experience. They see others who have a similar medical issue who are now able to exercise. It sets an example: If they can do it, I can do that too.Get Moving With Others· Build your network. Find a group for people with shared interests, like a walking, hiking, dancing, or biking club.· Make a shared routine. Commit to a walking schedule with a neighbor, family member, or friend.· Be accountable. Share your physical activity goals with people you trust. Ask for their support.· Take a class. Try a yoga, tai chi, or fitness class with a friend. You can even take a virtual class online with a friend in another town.· Join a team. Look for local softball, soccer, or other sports teams.· Family activity. Join your kids for a bike ride or throw a ball around before starting on homework or chores.· Get dancing. Go to a local dance, take dance classes, or dance with family at home.· Move more at work. Join worksite wellness and walking groups.Source: NIH News in HealthMonique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu

KOERNER: Get active together

As May comes to a close, so does National Treatment Court Month. It is led by All Rise, the training, membership, and advocacy organization for justice system innovation addressing substance use and mental health at every intercept point. National Treatment Court Month recognizes that we can provide effective alternatives to incarceration for individuals with substance use and mental health disorders; it is also a celebration of the lives saved, families reunited, and communities restored by treatment and recovery. There are now more than 4,000 treatment courts in the United States, including nineteen in the state of Kansas with plans for several more in the coming months and years. Treatment courts are a sentencing alternative that provide lifesaving treatment to justice involved individuals with substance use and mental health disorders.

According to All Rise, treatment courts are the single most successful intervention in our nation’s history for leading people with substance use and mental health disorders out of the justice system and into lives of recovery, stability, and health. Treatment courts have transformed the way the justice system responds to individuals with substance use and mental health disorders by combining accountability with evidence-based treatment. By delivering individualized, evidence-based treatment, supervision, drug testing, and social services, treatment courts save lives and reduce crime. According to All Rise, treatment courts annually refer more than 150,000 people to lifesaving treatment and recovery support services. Not only is the treatment court approach effective and humane, but it also saves considerable money for taxpayers. According to All Rise, research shows that treatment courts produce benefits of $6,208 per participant and return up to $27 for every $1 invested. According to the 2020 annual report from the Kansas Department of Corrections, it costs an average of $30,100 a year to keep someone in prison. (allrise.org; kscourts.org) 

The Ellis County Recovery Court (formerly Ellis County Drug Court) began in 2018 and has had fifty-eight participants to date successfully complete our program. Our court is one of thousands that demonstrate why treatment courts are so critical in the effort to address addiction and related crime. The scientific research agrees: Numerous studies have found that treatment courts reduce crime and drug use and save money. 

Research shows treatment courts also improve education, employment, housing, financial stability, and family reunification, which reduces foster care placements. 

Treatment courts represent a compassionate approach to the ravages of addiction. Ellis County is privileged to be able to reap the economic and societal benefits of its Recovery Court. The Recovery Court team thanks the community for its continued support of our efforts to make a difference in Ellis County and the 23rd Judicial District.

&nbsp;— TERESA GREENWOOD,&nbsp;23rd Judicial District Recovery Court Coordinator

As May comes to a close, so does National Treatment Court Month. It is led by All Rise, the training, membership, and advocacy organization for justice system innovation addressing substance use and mental health at every intercept point. National Treatment Court Month recognizes that we can provide effective alternatives to incarceration for individuals with substance use and mental health disorders; it is also a celebration of the lives saved, families reunited, and communities restored by treatment and recovery. There are now more than 4,000 treatment courts in the United States, including nineteen in the state of Kansas with plans for several more in the coming months and years. Treatment courts are a sentencing alternative that provide lifesaving treatment to justice involved individuals with substance use and mental health disorders.According to All Rise, treatment courts are the single most successful intervention in our nation’s history for leading people with substance use and mental health disorders out of the justice system and into lives of recovery, stability, and health. Treatment courts have transformed the way the justice system responds to individuals with substance use and mental health disorders by combining accountability with evidence-based treatment. By delivering individualized, evidence-based treatment, supervision, drug testing, and social services, treatment courts save lives and reduce crime. According to All Rise, treatment courts annually refer more than 150,000 people to lifesaving treatment and recovery support services. Not only is the treatment court approach effective and humane, but it also saves considerable money for taxpayers. According to All Rise, research shows that treatment courts produce benefits of $6,208 per participant and return up to $27 for every $1 invested. According to the 2020 annual report from the Kansas Department of Corrections, it costs an average of $30,100 a year to keep someone in prison. (allrise.org; kscourts.org) The Ellis County Recovery Court (formerly Ellis County Drug Court) began in 2018 and has had fifty-eight participants to date successfully complete our program. Our court is one of thousands that demonstrate why treatment courts are so critical in the effort to address addiction and related crime. The scientific research agrees: Numerous studies have found that treatment courts reduce crime and drug use and save money. Research shows treatment courts also improve education, employment, housing, financial stability, and family reunification, which reduces foster care placements. Treatment courts represent a compassionate approach to the ravages of addiction. Ellis County is privileged to be able to reap the economic and societal benefits of its Recovery Court. The Recovery Court team thanks the community for its continued support of our efforts to make a difference in Ellis County and the 23rd Judicial District.&nbsp;— TERESA GREENWOOD,&nbsp;23rd Judicial District Recovery Court Coordinator

LETTER TO THE EDITOR: Celebrating National Treatment Court Month

Following the Civil War, many officers born and raised in the East continued serving their country on the Kansas frontier. That legion included Captain Albert Barnitz, born in Pennsylvania in 1835 and reared in Ohio. He studied first at Kenyon College and later continued his education at Cleveland Law College. While there, he published a book of poetry titled Mystic Delvings. This hinted at writing tendencies modern readers continue to enjoy.

Barnitz’s path to Kansas began after the death of his first wife who died in childbirth in 1860. Still grieving, he joined the 13th Ohio Infantry as a three-month volunteer in 1861. Following that service, he enlisted in the 2nd Ohio Cavalry as a sergeant. By 1863, Barnitz achieved senior captain rank.

Following his recovery from severe injuries, Barnitz returned to serve under the command of George A. Custer in the Shenandoah Valley and fought his last battle at Appomattox. He returned briefly to civilian life, but received a captain’s commission in the U.S. Army in 1866. The following year he married his second wife Jennie Platt, and they began their Great Plains adventure that included the two writing and saving a series of letters and journals that reflect the military and social life of the period.

During his military career, Barnitz served at several frontier forts, including Leavenworth, Riley, and Harker. His wife Jennie joined him at several of these postings. When they weren’t together, they wrote one another regularly. Albert also kept a journal of his experiences over decades. Fortunately for posterity, they saved these documents.

Through these letters and journals, readers can time travel to the years 1866 – 1869 on the Plains. Robert Utley collected and edited them into a book titled Life in Custer’s 7th Cavalry. Barnitz and Jennie write about military experiences, life on the prairie, Hancock’s failed expedition, a battle with Indians at Fort Wallace, Camp Alfred Gibbs (just west of Ellis, Kansas), and Jennie surviving a flash flood at the first site of Fort Hays.

Piquing the interest of history buffs, Albert and Jennie’s letters reveal personal information about the Custers, Colonel Alfred Gibbs, Major Joel Elliott, Miles Keogh, and other famous colleagues. Through this couple’s running commentary, readers see historical personages as real people complete with strengths and frailties. In addition, they see Barnitz’s attitudes about these individuals evolve, showing how his and Jennie’s opinions changed continually. This couple’s correspondence would’ve enthralled historian Robert Utley as he studied their decades of communication.

Their letters reveal Albert and Jennie’s love story, his desire to be a good officer, and his disgust with fellow officers who drank too much or abused their troops. Interested in nature, he provides excellent accounts of regional wildlife, plants, and weather as well.

Because Barnitz had the observational and writing skills of a poet, his records of military life during one of the frontier’s most active periods provide a time machine-like glimpse into a vanished era. Life in Custer’s Cavalry offers more than communication between a man and woman. It’s an invitation to visit their world, one we occupy today.

By KAREN MADORINFollowing the Civil War, many officers born and raised in the East continued serving their country on the Kansas frontier. That legion included Captain Albert Barnitz, born in Pennsylvania in 1835 and reared in Ohio. He studied first at Kenyon College and later continued his education at Cleveland Law College. While there, he published a book of poetry titled Mystic Delvings. This hinted at writing tendencies modern readers continue to enjoy.Barnitz’s path to Kansas began after the death of his first wife who died in childbirth in 1860. Still grieving, he joined the 13th Ohio Infantry as a three-month volunteer in 1861. Following that service, he enlisted in the 2nd Ohio Cavalry as a sergeant. By 1863, Barnitz achieved senior captain rank.Following his recovery from severe injuries, Barnitz returned to serve under the command of George A. Custer in the Shenandoah Valley and fought his last battle at Appomattox. He returned briefly to civilian life, but received a captain’s commission in the U.S. Army in 1866. The following year he married his second wife Jennie Platt, and they began their Great Plains adventure that included the two writing and saving a series of letters and journals that reflect the military and social life of the period.During his military career, Barnitz served at several frontier forts, including Leavenworth, Riley, and Harker. His wife Jennie joined him at several of these postings. When they weren’t together, they wrote one another regularly. Albert also kept a journal of his experiences over decades. Fortunately for posterity, they saved these documents.Through these letters and journals, readers can time travel to the years 1866 – 1869 on the Plains. Robert Utley collected and edited them into a book titled Life in Custer’s 7th Cavalry. Barnitz and Jennie write about military experiences, life on the prairie, Hancock’s failed expedition, a battle with Indians at Fort Wallace, Camp Alfred Gibbs (just west of Ellis, Kansas), and Jennie surviving a flash flood at the first site of Fort Hays.Piquing the interest of history buffs, Albert and Jennie’s letters reveal personal information about the Custers, Colonel Alfred Gibbs, Major Joel Elliott, Miles Keogh, and other famous colleagues. Through this couple’s running commentary, readers see historical personages as real people complete with strengths and frailties. In addition, they see Barnitz’s attitudes about these individuals evolve, showing how his and Jennie’s opinions changed continually. This couple’s correspondence would’ve enthralled historian Robert Utley as he studied their decades of communication.Their letters reveal Albert and Jennie’s love story, his desire to be a good officer, and his disgust with fellow officers who drank too much or abused their troops. Interested in nature, he provides excellent accounts of regional wildlife, plants, and weather as well.Because Barnitz had the observational and writing skills of a poet, his records of military life during one of the frontier’s most active periods provide a time machine-like glimpse into a vanished era. Life in Custer’s Cavalry offers more than communication between a man and woman. It’s an invitation to visit their world, one we occupy today.

MADORIN: Captain Albert Barnitz, his letters and journals

By KARISSA WINKEL Cottonwood Extension District

We all know that relationships are an important part of life, but they are more impactful than we give them credit for. Dependable family members, stress-relieving friendships, and supportive coworkers bring color to life. These connections even support healthy behaviors, enhance mental health, and bolster brain function.

Who would have thought that relationships could have such a large stake in physical health? When we think about ways to improve well-being, many of us envision a leafy green salad, not a game of cards. However, the people we surround ourselves with (or don’t) have a larger role than we imagine.

First, quality connections give us purpose. If you’ve heard of the Blue Zones, you likely know the term “ikigai” that Okinawan centurions use to describe their purpose in life. In this culture, people have a distinct reason for waking up each morning, and for many, ikigai revolves around loved ones. Whether it is providing for children, caring for parents, or spending time with friends, what a person can give, adds meaning to life. This sense of purpose provides a deep understanding of the big picture which fuels optimism and resilience that strengthens mental health. People with a strong ikigai, are also more likely to prioritize healthy behaviors so they can achieve their ultimate purpose.

Relationships not only give meaning to life, they can provide a mental workout. Engaging in social activities stimulate various regions of the brain by strengthening neural circuits, producing hormones, and increasing connectivity. Social butterflies are more likely to have good cognition and memory while isolated people have a 50% increased risk of developing dementia. Just like physical exercise is good for the body, socialization is a workout for the brain.

A sense of community can give meaning to life, encourage healthy behaviors, and protect the brain. It can also support the immune system and strengthen the heart! So, how can you enrich your relationships?

1. Be curious. Take an interest in others and ask lots of questions. This opens up a door for conversation and lets others know you care about them. When you are curious, you may realize how much you have in common with others.

2. Practice generosity. We can’t control how people engage with us, but practicing the golden rule can help others reciprocate generosity in time and kindness.

3. Listen to understand. Sometimes we engage in conversation only to hear ourselves talk. Instead of trying to prove a point, slowing down and listening intently to what another has to say provides an atmosphere for connection. It also is a great way to learn through others' experiences.

4. Check in often. Creating lasting relationships takes time and effort. The more you engage with a person, the stronger your bond can grow. Be sure to schedule regular gatherings and phone calls to strengthen your social circle.

Relationships are a valuable part of life and the proof is evident. Investing in others provides physical benefits, strengthens mental well-being, and provides a sense of purpose. Taking an interest in our social fitness not only supports others, but it sustains physical health and happiness.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1697546908793.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By KARISSA WINKEL Cottonwood Extension DistrictWe all know that relationships are an important part of life, but they are more impactful than we give them credit for. Dependable family members, stress-relieving friendships, and supportive coworkers bring color to life. These connections even support healthy behaviors, enhance mental health, and bolster brain function.Who would have thought that relationships could have such a large stake in physical health? When we think about ways to improve well-being, many of us envision a leafy green salad, not a game of cards. However, the people we surround ourselves with (or don’t) have a larger role than we imagine.First, quality connections give us purpose. If you’ve heard of the Blue Zones, you likely know the term “ikigai” that Okinawan centurions use to describe their purpose in life. In this culture, people have a distinct reason for waking up each morning, and for many, ikigai revolves around loved ones. Whether it is providing for children, caring for parents, or spending time with friends, what a person can give, adds meaning to life. This sense of purpose provides a deep understanding of the big picture which fuels optimism and resilience that strengthens mental health. People with a strong ikigai, are also more likely to prioritize healthy behaviors so they can achieve their ultimate purpose.Relationships not only give meaning to life, they can provide a mental workout. Engaging in social activities stimulate various regions of the brain by strengthening neural circuits, producing hormones, and increasing connectivity. Social butterflies are more likely to have good cognition and memory while isolated people have a 50% increased risk of developing dementia. Just like physical exercise is good for the body, socialization is a workout for the brain.A sense of community can give meaning to life, encourage healthy behaviors, and protect the brain. It can also support the immune system and strengthen the heart! So, how can you enrich your relationships?1. Be curious. Take an interest in others and ask lots of questions. This opens up a door for conversation and lets others know you care about them. When you are curious, you may realize how much you have in common with others.2. Practice generosity. We can’t control how people engage with us, but practicing the golden rule can help others reciprocate generosity in time and kindness.3. Listen to understand. Sometimes we engage in conversation only to hear ourselves talk. Instead of trying to prove a point, slowing down and listening intently to what another has to say provides an atmosphere for connection. It also is a great way to learn through others' experiences.4. Check in often. Creating lasting relationships takes time and effort. The more you engage with a person, the stronger your bond can grow. Be sure to schedule regular gatherings and phone calls to strengthen your social circle.Relationships are a valuable part of life and the proof is evident. Investing in others provides physical benefits, strengthens mental well-being, and provides a sense of purpose. Taking an interest in our social fitness not only supports others, but it sustains physical health and happiness.Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.

WINKEL: Take back control, dining with diabetes

Imagine a gathering with 9 of your friends and family members. Now imagine that at least one of you has a disease that can lead to blindness, amputation, or stroke. The reality is not far-fetched.

About 1 in 9 adults in Kansas have been diagnosed with diabetes, a chronic disease characterized by elevated blood sugar. This is a result of insufficient insulin production or insulin resistance.

Now imagine if tools were available to help you and loved ones cope with the daunting disease. Would you sleep better at night knowing that you can be in control of glucose levels and reduce the risk of developing other health conditions like heart disease, kidney disease, or retinopathy?

Dining with Diabetes is one tool available to help you take control and regain peace of mind. This national program is designed to boost the health of those with prediabetes and Type 2 diabetes. The program serves to educate family members and caregivers while connecting participants to resources.

Through Dining with Diabetes, you will have the chance to learn the best ways to take care of yourself and your loved ones. This includes nutrition education and hands-on cooking demonstrations to help you gain confidence in preparing enjoyable meals that balance blood sugar. Also, participants will learn the importance of physical activity and how to realistically include it in day-to-day life.

The class will take place at the Hays Recreation Commission on June 6, 13, 20, and 27 from 4-6 pm. The cost is $35 for the 6- hours of hands-on learning experience. Please give us a call with any questions or to register at 785-628-9430.

Encounter support through Dining with Diabetes and connect with others who experience similar challenges. Find relief in knowing that diabetes management is possible for you!

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1697546908793.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By KARISSA WINKEL Cottonwood Extension DistrictImagine a gathering with 9 of your friends and family members. Now imagine that at least one of you has a disease that can lead to blindness, amputation, or stroke. The reality is not far-fetched.About 1 in 9 adults in Kansas have been diagnosed with diabetes, a chronic disease characterized by elevated blood sugar. This is a result of insufficient insulin production or insulin resistance.Now imagine if tools were available to help you and loved ones cope with the daunting disease. Would you sleep better at night knowing that you can be in control of glucose levels and reduce the risk of developing other health conditions like heart disease, kidney disease, or retinopathy?Dining with Diabetes is one tool available to help you take control and regain peace of mind. This national program is designed to boost the health of those with prediabetes and Type 2 diabetes. The program serves to educate family members and caregivers while connecting participants to resources.Through Dining with Diabetes, you will have the chance to learn the best ways to take care of yourself and your loved ones. This includes nutrition education and hands-on cooking demonstrations to help you gain confidence in preparing enjoyable meals that balance blood sugar. Also, participants will learn the importance of physical activity and how to realistically include it in day-to-day life.The class will take place at the Hays Recreation Commission on June 6, 13, 20, and 27 from 4-6 pm. The cost is $35 for the 6- hours of hands-on learning experience. Please give us a call with any questions or to register at 785-628-9430.Encounter support through Dining with Diabetes and connect with others who experience similar challenges. Find relief in knowing that diabetes management is possible for you!###Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.

By STEVE GILLILAND Exploring Kansas Outdoors

So, have you heard or read about the big Cicada “emergence” about to happen in several other Midwest and Southern states? These are not the annual cicadas we call “locusts” that are heard every August here in Kansas, but rather some of those that have been in the ground for 13 and 17 years. Cicadas are formally identified as “broods,” and starting any day now, two of these broods, brood XIX that emerge every 13 years, and brood XIII that emerge every 17 years are set to show themselves at the same time. This is a rare occurrence that last happened in 1803, and won’t happen again until the year 2245. Their sole purpose is to breed, after which they die; eggs are laid on tree branches, and upon hatching, the young fall to the ground and burrow themselves in around the trees, to emerge again in either 13 or 17 years. It’s been estimated there could be up to half a million of the critters per acre where they will be the worst. Audiologists are worried about the noise levels of the critters screeching “love songs,” warning that the sound from this many of them at once can actually be as loud as a jackhammer or lawnmower. “Bug Doctors” and those that study this sort of thing are about to wet themselves with excitement over the rare event, which some have labeled “cicada-geddon.”

I say all this in response to a discussion I heard on the radio today about eating cicadas. Years ago, I wrote a column entitled “My Reverse Bucket List,” where I listed a few things I DO NOT ever want to do, and KNOWINGLY and PURPOSLY eating bugs was one of them. If God had wanted me to eat bugs, he would have made me an ant eater or a bird, so today I still say no, no and nope to eating bugs.

However, it seems eating cicadas is not all that far-fetched. Amazon actually lists 4 cook books completely dedicated to cooking and eating cicadas; “The Cicada Cookbook,” “Cooking with Cicadas,” “Cicada Recipes for the Zombie Apocalypse” and “The Cheeky Cicada; A Culinary Adventure with Natures Symphony.” An internet search easily provided a list of possible cicada dishes, to include pan fried cicadas, chocolate covered cicadas, boiled cicadas, crispy cicada salad, cicadas marinara, spicy popcorn cicadas, cicada chips and even a recipe for chocolate cookies, each with a toasted cicada in the middle instead of a Hershey’s Kiss. Someone even suggested gathering a bunch while they are so plentiful and available, and freezing them by the bagful for later use. I can see it all now; the wife reaches into the freezer for a bag of frozen corn or peas and comes out with a

bagful of frozen locusts instead; that should make for interesting table talk at dinner.

I also stumbled across a few little pieces of advice and ditties concerning cooking and eating the little blighters. Concerning eating them, one person said “They’re great for the summer BBQ, while they are everywhere.” Another advised “No need to tear off the legs and wings, they just add to the crispiness.” Another slogan went something like this, “If you can’t beat em’, cook em’.”

Well, there you have it, a little history lesson, a little news story and a whole lotta’ cicada 101 all rolled into one. Just to reiterate, this won’t be happening in our neck-of-the-woods…this time, but in 17 states east and south of us. Also, just to reiterate, I still say no, no and nope to eatin’ bugs. Continue to Explore Kansas Outdoors (cicada free.)

Steve can be contacted by email at stevenrgilliland@gmail.com.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574696211722.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By STEVE GILLILAND Exploring Kansas OutdoorsSo, have you heard or read about the big Cicada “emergence” about to happen in several other Midwest and Southern states? These are not the annual cicadas we call “locusts” that are heard every August here in Kansas, but rather some of those that have been in the ground for 13 and 17 years. Cicadas are formally identified as “broods,” and starting any day now, two of these broods, brood XIX that emerge every 13 years, and brood XIII that emerge every 17 years are set to show themselves at the same time. This is a rare occurrence that last happened in 1803, and won’t happen again until the year 2245. Their sole purpose is to breed, after which they die; eggs are laid on tree branches, and upon hatching, the young fall to the ground and burrow themselves in around the trees, to emerge again in either 13 or 17 years. It’s been estimated there could be up to half a million of the critters per acre where they will be the worst. Audiologists are worried about the noise levels of the critters screeching “love songs,” warning that the sound from this many of them at once can actually be as loud as a jackhammer or lawnmower. “Bug Doctors” and those that study this sort of thing are about to wet themselves with excitement over the rare event, which some have labeled “cicada-geddon.”I say all this in response to a discussion I heard on the radio today about eating cicadas. Years ago, I wrote a column entitled “My Reverse Bucket List,” where I listed a few things I DO NOT ever want to do, and KNOWINGLY and PURPOSLY eating bugs was one of them. If God had wanted me to eat bugs, he would have made me an ant eater or a bird, so today I still say no, no and nope to eating bugs.However, it seems eating cicadas is not all that far-fetched. Amazon actually lists 4 cook books completely dedicated to cooking and eating cicadas; “The Cicada Cookbook,” “Cooking with Cicadas,” “Cicada Recipes for the Zombie Apocalypse” and “The Cheeky Cicada; A Culinary Adventure with Natures Symphony.” An internet search easily provided a list of possible cicada dishes, to include pan fried cicadas, chocolate covered cicadas, boiled cicadas, crispy cicada salad, cicadas marinara, spicy popcorn cicadas, cicada chips and even a recipe for chocolate cookies, each with a toasted cicada in the middle instead of a Hershey’s Kiss. Someone even suggested gathering a bunch while they are so plentiful and available, and freezing them by the bagful for later use. I can see it all now; the wife reaches into the freezer for a bag of frozen corn or peas and comes out with abagful of frozen locusts instead; that should make for interesting table talk at dinner.I also stumbled across a few little pieces of advice and ditties concerning cooking and eating the little blighters. Concerning eating them, one person said “They’re great for the summer BBQ, while they are everywhere.” Another advised “No need to tear off the legs and wings, they just add to the crispiness.” Another slogan went something like this, “If you can’t beat em’, cook em’.”Well, there you have it, a little history lesson, a little news story and a whole lotta’ cicada 101 all rolled into one. Just to reiterate, this won’t be happening in our neck-of-the-woods…this time, but in 17 states east and south of us. Also, just to reiterate, I still say no, no and nope to eatin’ bugs. Continue to Explore Kansas Outdoors (cicada free.)Steve can be contacted by email at stevenrgilliland@gmail.com.

Exploring Kansas Outdoors: No, No and Nope

By STEVE GILLILAND Exploring Kansas Outdoors

There’s just something about a toad that “conjures” up visions of a witch in a huge black hat with a big hairy wart on her nose mumbling spells as she stirs a bubbling pot full of potion. Toads just look creepy, and then of course there is that propensity they possess to pee on anyone picking them up. Despite having a face only a mother could love, toads are extremely important to our planet. It is reported that a toad can eat ten thousand insects in one summer and are a big part of natures pest patrol (the person who did the counting for that study really needs a life!)

Toads begin their lives as tiny swimming tadpoles and eventually crawl onto land and begin breathing air, yet another of God’s creative mysteries. Toads, like other amphibians actually absorb air through their skin as well as getting it from their lungs with occasional breaths. They also absorb water though their skin rather than drinking it through their mouths.

If you have a dog, I’m quite sure you already know that toads have a mild toxin on their skin as protection. After licking or grabbing a toad with their mouth, a dog will begin frothing-at-the-mouth uncontrollably for a few minutes. It’s very temporary but quite funny at the time. One of our two little dogs doesn’t have the sense God gave a goose, and despite this being nearly a daily occurrence, she still cruises the flower beds looking for toads, after which she emerges, slobbering and frothing like some kind of crazed beast.

Because of toxins in their environment, toad populations are said to be declining nearly to the point of crisis, and I do believe we see fewer now than we used to. Raccoons, skunks and snakes are natural predators of toads. Besides protection from these predators, toads also need cool dark places to get away from the bright sun and weather.

Joyce has several large flower gardens and scattered throughout each garden she has created what she calls “toad abodes.” She takes broken clay or ornamental flower pots and turns them into cool, dark, secret hideaways for the resident toads. She finds an already shady spot beneath a big perennial plant, then simply

lays the broken pot on its side to form a little round-top enclosure into which the toads can easily crawl and hide themselves away from predators, pets and the heat of the day. One such hideaway is even made from the bleached white pelvic bone of a cow, drug home from the woods by our grandson. Laid beneath a big plant with long slender leaves that hang down over it, the arched shape makes a perfect secret hideout for a toad or two. Any object that has room for a toad to crawl inside will work, and besides protecting the toads, they look very decorative and rustic in the flower bed too.

So the next time you buy your pet a new toy or treat, think about your insect removal friends too. Find a broken clay pot or bowl and place it in a new spot in the garden for yet another toad abode. And next year, when you ask yourself what in the world that broken pot is doing in your flower bed and pick it up to remove it, don’t be surprised to see a pair of dark eyes looking back at you from beneath it. If you pick up that toad, hold it out away from you or you’ll probably get your shoes wet, and if you suddenly find your dog frothing and foaming at the mouth, don’t shoot it, it just licked a toad!... Continue to Explore Kansas Outdoors!

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574696211722.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By STEVE GILLILAND Exploring Kansas OutdoorsThere’s just something about a toad that “conjures” up visions of a witch in a huge black hat with a big hairy wart on her nose mumbling spells as she stirs a bubbling pot full of potion. Toads just look creepy, and then of course there is that propensity they possess to pee on anyone picking them up. Despite having a face only a mother could love, toads are extremely important to our planet. It is reported that a toad can eat ten thousand insects in one summer and are a big part of natures pest patrol (the person who did the counting for that study really needs a life!)Toads begin their lives as tiny swimming tadpoles and eventually crawl onto land and begin breathing air, yet another of God’s creative mysteries. Toads, like other amphibians actually absorb air through their skin as well as getting it from their lungs with occasional breaths. They also absorb water though their skin rather than drinking it through their mouths.If you have a dog, I’m quite sure you already know that toads have a mild toxin on their skin as protection. After licking or grabbing a toad with their mouth, a dog will begin frothing-at-the-mouth uncontrollably for a few minutes. It’s very temporary but quite funny at the time. One of our two little dogs doesn’t have the sense God gave a goose, and despite this being nearly a daily occurrence, she still cruises the flower beds looking for toads, after which she emerges, slobbering and frothing like some kind of crazed beast.Because of toxins in their environment, toad populations are said to be declining nearly to the point of crisis, and I do believe we see fewer now than we used to. Raccoons, skunks and snakes are natural predators of toads. Besides protection from these predators, toads also need cool dark places to get away from the bright sun and weather.Joyce has several large flower gardens and scattered throughout each garden she has created what she calls “toad abodes.” She takes broken clay or ornamental flower pots and turns them into cool, dark, secret hideaways for the resident toads. She finds an already shady spot beneath a big perennial plant, then simplylays the broken pot on its side to form a little round-top enclosure into which the toads can easily crawl and hide themselves away from predators, pets and the heat of the day. One such hideaway is even made from the bleached white pelvic bone of a cow, drug home from the woods by our grandson. Laid beneath a big plant with long slender leaves that hang down over it, the arched shape makes a perfect secret hideout for a toad or two. Any object that has room for a toad to crawl inside will work, and besides protecting the toads, they look very decorative and rustic in the flower bed too.So the next time you buy your pet a new toy or treat, think about your insect removal friends too. Find a broken clay pot or bowl and place it in a new spot in the garden for yet another toad abode. And next year, when you ask yourself what in the world that broken pot is doing in your flower bed and pick it up to remove it, don’t be surprised to see a pair of dark eyes looking back at you from beneath it. If you pick up that toad, hold it out away from you or you’ll probably get your shoes wet, and if you suddenly find your dog frothing and foaming at the mouth, don’t shoot it, it just licked a toad!... Continue to Explore Kansas Outdoors!Steve can be contacted by email at stevenrgilliland@gmail.com.

Exploring Kansas Outdoors: The toad abode

By BRIANNE HEIDBREDER Insight Kansas

As this year’s legislative session ends, it would be easy to focus on the overwhelming partisan conflict and stalemate that has become a reality in Kansas politics. However, legislative Democrats and Republicans have been able to make progress by working together on several criminal justice policies.

In April, Governor Kelly signed into law Senate Bill 458, which implements new reforms to the Kansas Standard Asset Seizure and Forfeiture Act. Efforts like this aim to establish clear and fair guidelines for law enforcement when they attempt to seize private property in the investigation of a crime. According to the Office of the Governor, these reforms require “additional steps to initiate the civil asset seizure process and requires clear and convincing evidence in order to move forward with seizure.” These measures help prevent abuses of power and safeguard citizens’ property rights.

Civil forfeiture reform often brings together unlikely allies by tapping into libertarian beliefs about reigning in government power and liberal commitment to creating a more just criminal justice system. Working across party lines, this bill was passed unanimously.

The Kansas legislature also passed into law an increase in the compensation available to crime victims in the Crime Victims Assistance Fund. The result is that victims will now be eligible for a maximum weekly compensation of $800, compared to $400 previously. Being the victim of a crime can cause many types of harm, including financial harm. State-funded assistance programs can help victims cover medical expenses, including counseling, as well as lost wages. This provides victims greater stability, which in turn can promote healing. Once again, this bill passed unanimously earning praise from both Governor Kelly and Attorney General Kris Kobach.

And finally, Governor Kelly signed a “Good Samaritan” bill into law earlier this month. Senate Bill 419 provides immunity to those seeking help for themselves or others in the event of a drug overdose. Citing the importance of addressing the fentanyl crisis, legislators on both sides of the aisle came together to pass this bill unanimously.

This law reduces the hesitation to call for assistance in the case of an overdose by eliminating the fear of legal consequences. This immunity coupled with the wide public availability of Naloxone, a medicine that reverses an opioid overdose, will save lives in Kansas. Further, “Good Samaritan” laws foster a more supportive environment for individuals struggling with substance use disorders, potentially opening pathways to treatment and recovery, rather than punishment. Prior to this bipartisan win, Kansas was one of only two states that did not have legal protections for those reaching out for assistance in cases of overdose.

While we shouldn’t expect ideological foes to agree on much in terms of the politically controversial issues of the day such as reproductive rights and taxation, these three bills, passed unanimously by a Republican-controlled legislature and signed into law by a Democratic Governor, are proof that bipartisan progress is possible in Kansas.

Brianne Heidbreder, PhD is an Associate Professor of Political Science at Kansas State University.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/3/1678375743023.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By BRIANNE HEIDBREDER Insight KansasAs this year’s legislative session ends, it would be easy to focus on the overwhelming partisan conflict and stalemate that has become a reality in Kansas politics. However, legislative Democrats and Republicans have been able to make progress by working together on several criminal justice policies.In April, Governor Kelly signed into law Senate Bill 458, which implements new reforms to the Kansas Standard Asset Seizure and Forfeiture Act. Efforts like this aim to establish clear and fair guidelines for law enforcement when they attempt to seize private property in the investigation of a crime. According to the Office of the Governor, these reforms require “additional steps to initiate the civil asset seizure process and requires clear and convincing evidence in order to move forward with seizure.” These measures help prevent abuses of power and safeguard citizens’ property rights.Civil forfeiture reform often brings together unlikely allies by tapping into libertarian beliefs about reigning in government power and liberal commitment to creating a more just criminal justice system. Working across party lines, this bill was passed unanimously.The Kansas legislature also passed into law an increase in the compensation available to crime victims in the Crime Victims Assistance Fund. The result is that victims will now be eligible for a maximum weekly compensation of $800, compared to $400 previously. Being the victim of a crime can cause many types of harm, including financial harm. State-funded assistance programs can help victims cover medical expenses, including counseling, as well as lost wages. This provides victims greater stability, which in turn can promote healing. Once again, this bill passed unanimously earning praise from both Governor Kelly and Attorney General Kris Kobach.And finally, Governor Kelly signed a “Good Samaritan” bill into law earlier this month. Senate Bill 419 provides immunity to those seeking help for themselves or others in the event of a drug overdose. Citing the importance of addressing the fentanyl crisis, legislators on both sides of the aisle came together to pass this bill unanimously.This law reduces the hesitation to call for assistance in the case of an overdose by eliminating the fear of legal consequences. This immunity coupled with the wide public availability of Naloxone, a medicine that reverses an opioid overdose, will save lives in Kansas. Further, “Good Samaritan” laws foster a more supportive environment for individuals struggling with substance use disorders, potentially opening pathways to treatment and recovery, rather than punishment. Prior to this bipartisan win, Kansas was one of only two states that did not have legal protections for those reaching out for assistance in cases of overdose.While we shouldn’t expect ideological foes to agree on much in terms of the politically controversial issues of the day such as reproductive rights and taxation, these three bills, passed unanimously by a Republican-controlled legislature and signed into law by a Democratic Governor, are proof that bipartisan progress is possible in Kansas.Brianne Heidbreder, PhD is an Associate Professor of Political Science at Kansas State University.

INSIGHT KANSAS: A sliver of bipartisanship

By STACY CAMPBELL Cottonwood Extension District

Asymbiotic or non-symbiotic N-Fixing organisms, usually species of bacteria, have the ability to ‘fix’ nitrogen (N) from the atmosphere where it is abundant as N2 gas, and produce NH3 without being associated with plant or fungi.

The process used to fix N by asymbiotic organisms is highly energy intensive. The enzyme that serves as the fixation facilitator in bacteria is nitrogenase. To convert on molecule of N2 to one molecule of NH3, this required 16 ATP (adenosine triphosphate) molecules (the chemical fuel for many biological reactions) and 8 electrons. This compares to only 5 ATP to produce one peptide bond in the production amino acids, which is classified itself as a ‘high energy requirement’ (Smercina et al., 2019).

The energy required by asymbiotic organisms to fix N may come from a variety of sources depending on their spatial presence in the surface soil biome. The sources may consist of soil organic matter, and intermediary compounds during the process of plant/animal decay, or the decay of other microorganisms. A rich source of energy also comes from root exudates of growing plants. If N-fixing organisms are active inside living plant tissue, the energy for N-fixation has to come from the plant itself.

Lately, biological-based products have been marketed to enhance crop production. One class of products essentially consists of seed inoculants whose marketers claim they will either infect the seed, which enables them to perform N-Fixation functions similar to Rhizobia in legumes, or to inhabit the immediate soil outside the root (the rhizosphere) and use plant-root exudates as food-stuffs, enabling the N-fixing organisms to fix N from the air. There is much more marketing information available to corn growers on these products than there is availability of published unbiased data from the North Central Region (NCR) of the U.S.

Trials to determine the yield benefit from one or more of these products added to different rates of N fertilizer were conducted by researchers from most of the land-grant universities in the NCR through the 2022 growing season to determine their possible value to farmers.

Overall summary – sixty-one site years of N rate trials with and without the use of biological N fixing products were conducted in corn, spring wheat, sugar beet and canola in 10 states including Kansas within the NCR. Of the 61 site-years, 59 site-years had no yield increase with use of the product over N rate alone. Two site-years in corn had yield increases due to product use over the N rates alone. Given the low rate of positive benefits to the use of these products, growers should be skeptical of products that claim to provide asymbiotic/nonsymbiotic N-fixation for the purpose of allowing a farmer to decrease fertilizer N rate. It is good for farmers to be curious; however, the wise grower needs to test products of interest on their own farm in a replicated manner and search for unbiased data on product performance before using them on whole fields. There is a recently published primer on how one might conduct on-farm research. Titled “Promoting adoption of precision nitrogen management technologies through on-farm research” by Thompson et al., 2022.

This information came from NDSU Extension publication SF2080 (April 2023).

Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By STACY CAMPBELL Cottonwood Extension DistrictAsymbiotic or non-symbiotic N-Fixing organisms, usually species of bacteria, have the ability to ‘fix’ nitrogen (N) from the atmosphere where it is abundant as N2 gas, and produce NH3 without being associated with plant or fungi.The process used to fix N by asymbiotic organisms is highly energy intensive. The enzyme that serves as the fixation facilitator in bacteria is nitrogenase. To convert on molecule of N2 to one molecule of NH3, this required 16 ATP (adenosine triphosphate) molecules (the chemical fuel for many biological reactions) and 8 electrons. This compares to only 5 ATP to produce one peptide bond in the production amino acids, which is classified itself as a ‘high energy requirement’ (Smercina et al., 2019).The energy required by asymbiotic organisms to fix N may come from a variety of sources depending on their spatial presence in the surface soil biome. The sources may consist of soil organic matter, and intermediary compounds during the process of plant/animal decay, or the decay of other microorganisms. A rich source of energy also comes from root exudates of growing plants. If N-fixing organisms are active inside living plant tissue, the energy for N-fixation has to come from the plant itself.Lately, biological-based products have been marketed to enhance crop production. One class of products essentially consists of seed inoculants whose marketers claim they will either infect the seed, which enables them to perform N-Fixation functions similar to Rhizobia in legumes, or to inhabit the immediate soil outside the root (the rhizosphere) and use plant-root exudates as food-stuffs, enabling the N-fixing organisms to fix N from the air. There is much more marketing information available to corn growers on these products than there is availability of published unbiased data from the North Central Region (NCR) of the U.S.Trials to determine the yield benefit from one or more of these products added to different rates of N fertilizer were conducted by researchers from most of the land-grant universities in the NCR through the 2022 growing season to determine their possible value to farmers.Overall summary – sixty-one site years of N rate trials with and without the use of biological N fixing products were conducted in corn, spring wheat, sugar beet and canola in 10 states including Kansas within the NCR. Of the 61 site-years, 59 site-years had no yield increase with use of the product over N rate alone. Two site-years in corn had yield increases due to product use over the N rates alone. Given the low rate of positive benefits to the use of these products, growers should be skeptical of products that claim to provide asymbiotic/nonsymbiotic N-fixation for the purpose of allowing a farmer to decrease fertilizer N rate. It is good for farmers to be curious; however, the wise grower needs to test products of interest on their own farm in a replicated manner and search for unbiased data on product performance before using them on whole fields. There is a recently published primer on how one might conduct on-farm research. Titled “Promoting adoption of precision nitrogen management technologies through on-farm research” by Thompson et al., 2022.This information came from NDSU Extension publication SF2080 (April 2023).Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: Performance of N-fixing products in crop production

By TISA MASON Fort Hays State University President

In the realms of history and academia, Chelsea Kiefer stands out as a beacon of dedication and inspiration. The Baltimore-born, North Carolina resident is an avid history enthusiast and the first-ever FHSU Online student to win the Torch Award. The Torch Award is presented each year to a few special students in recognition of their academic excellence and dedicated service to student, civic, or professional organizations.

Chelsea's academic journey is a testament to her tenacity. She dropped out of high school in the 10th grade, and then later decided to earn her GED. She then went to work, but her passion for history has always been a living, breathing vocation that drove her to soar through her studies at Fort Hays State University with a remarkable 3.99 GPA.

Chelsea moved to Raleigh from Augusta, GA, in 2020 so that her husband Tim could embark on his Ph.D. journey in Nuclear Engineering at North Carolina State University. Chelsea seized the opportunity afforded by the move to reshape her own professional future.

"It was the perfect timing," says Chelsea, reflecting on her decision to leave her job as a quality assurance specialist for a tax software company and pursue a career that aligned with her love for history and community engagement.

FHSU Online offered the flexibility she required, with an affordable and fully accredited history program tailored to accommodate her busy life. Her academic journey at FHSU was just as much about leadership and contribution as it was about mastering her discipline.

Chelsea served as the secretary of the honorary society for history, Phi Alpha Theta, and the History Club. She earned scholarships from the Honor Society and served as an online student representative for the Holocaust Remembrance and Education Month planning committees.

Her leadership and passion for advancing the field of public history are evident in a body of work that has touched people in a variety of settings. Chelsea served as a Docent Volunteer at the North Carolina Museum of History and an intern in collections. She served as a grant writer through the Dane G. Hansen program, contributing 300 invaluable hours writing grants on behalf of the Hays Areas Children’s Center.

Dr. Amber Nickell, assistant professor of history at FHSU, commends Chelsea’s astounding breadth of publications, academic presentations, and public engagements – a portfolio that would be enviable for a Ph.D. graduate, let alone an undergraduate.

But numbers and titles cannot capture the essence of who Chelsea is – a lover of animals, a devoted wife to Tim, a friend to her three rescue dogs, an avid reader, gardener, baker, and an enthusiast for the simple joys of family hikes and nurturing of house plants.

Her desire to connect people with their heritage led to the creation of the FHSU History Discord in June 2021, which now thrives with over 130 members. This lively digital forum, developed under Chelsea's guidance, has become an indispensable resource for students and professors alike.

Chelsea's volunteer work reflects her multifaceted interests and commitments. She has worked tirelessly at the North Carolina Museum of History and transcribed historical documents for

Densho.org, an organization that preserves stories of Japanese Americans held in World War II internment camps. She has also worked with the National Park Service and devoted her time to The Produce Project, a group that provides fresh produce in her Raleigh community. In addition to her wide-ranging commitments, she still finds time to care for her three beloved rescue dogs and seek new adventures alongside her husband, Tim.

Her scholarly work has not only been admirable but prolific. She’s presented original research at academic conferences and shared the findings from her papers as a guest on FHSU's Victor E. History Podcast. Her work has also been published in The Historians Magazine, and she’s earned the praise of FSHU history professor Dr. Amber Nickell for sharing her research with public audiences via presentations, podcasts, and publications.

Today, Chelsea is not only an alumnus with an undergraduate degree in history, a minor in sociology, and four certificates (global studies, grant writing, women’s and gender studies, and cultural diversity studies) but also a shining example of lifelong learning. Soon, she will begin pursuing her master's degree in Public History at FHSU.

Her leadership extends to numerous roles, including history club, Phi Alpha Theta, and various committees at FHSU and beyond. Through initiatives like the Holocaust Education and Remembrance Committee, Chelsea contributes to vital cultural and educational dialogues, epitomizing the role of a student leader who transcends the online domain.

Chelsea embodies the spirit of the Torch Award—perseverance, excellence, and an unwavering commitment to her community's past and present. Through her academic achievements, leadership, and benevolence, she has indeed lit the way, not only for current students but for all those who believe in the transformational power of education.

Chelsea Kiefer's story is not merely one of scholarly triumph but of an unquenchable zest for knowledge and thoughtful community engagement, proving that every chapter in life presents a new opportunity for greatness.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/12/1575301942236.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By TISA MASON Fort Hays State University PresidentIn the realms of history and academia, Chelsea Kiefer stands out as a beacon of dedication and inspiration. The Baltimore-born, North Carolina resident is an avid history enthusiast and the first-ever FHSU Online student to win the Torch Award. The Torch Award is presented each year to a few special students in recognition of their academic excellence and dedicated service to student, civic, or professional organizations.Chelsea's academic journey is a testament to her tenacity. She dropped out of high school in the 10th grade, and then later decided to earn her GED. She then went to work, but her passion for history has always been a living, breathing vocation that drove her to soar through her studies at Fort Hays State University with a remarkable 3.99 GPA.Chelsea moved to Raleigh from Augusta, GA, in 2020 so that her husband Tim could embark on his Ph.D. journey in Nuclear Engineering at North Carolina State University. Chelsea seized the opportunity afforded by the move to reshape her own professional future."It was the perfect timing," says Chelsea, reflecting on her decision to leave her job as a quality assurance specialist for a tax software company and pursue a career that aligned with her love for history and community engagement.FHSU Online offered the flexibility she required, with an affordable and fully accredited history program tailored to accommodate her busy life. Her academic journey at FHSU was just as much about leadership and contribution as it was about mastering her discipline.Chelsea served as the secretary of the honorary society for history, Phi Alpha Theta, and the History Club. She earned scholarships from the Honor Society and served as an online student representative for the Holocaust Remembrance and Education Month planning committees.Her leadership and passion for advancing the field of public history are evident in a body of work that has touched people in a variety of settings. Chelsea served as a Docent Volunteer at the North Carolina Museum of History and an intern in collections. She served as a grant writer through the Dane G. Hansen program, contributing 300 invaluable hours writing grants on behalf of the Hays Areas Children’s Center.Dr. Amber Nickell, assistant professor of history at FHSU, commends Chelsea’s astounding breadth of publications, academic presentations, and public engagements – a portfolio that would be enviable for a Ph.D. graduate, let alone an undergraduate.But numbers and titles cannot capture the essence of who Chelsea is – a lover of animals, a devoted wife to Tim, a friend to her three rescue dogs, an avid reader, gardener, baker, and an enthusiast for the simple joys of family hikes and nurturing of house plants.Her desire to connect people with their heritage led to the creation of the FHSU History Discord in June 2021, which now thrives with over 130 members. This lively digital forum, developed under Chelsea's guidance, has become an indispensable resource for students and professors alike.Chelsea's volunteer work reflects her multifaceted interests and commitments. She has worked tirelessly at the North Carolina Museum of History and transcribed historical documents forDensho.org, an organization that preserves stories of Japanese Americans held in World War II internment camps. She has also worked with the National Park Service and devoted her time to The Produce Project, a group that provides fresh produce in her Raleigh community. In addition to her wide-ranging commitments, she still finds time to care for her three beloved rescue dogs and seek new adventures alongside her husband, Tim.Her scholarly work has not only been admirable but prolific. She’s presented original research at academic conferences and shared the findings from her papers as a guest on FHSU's Victor E. History Podcast. Her work has also been published in The Historians Magazine, and she’s earned the praise of FSHU history professor Dr. Amber Nickell for sharing her research with public audiences via presentations, podcasts, and publications.Today, Chelsea is not only an alumnus with an undergraduate degree in history, a minor in sociology, and four certificates (global studies, grant writing, women’s and gender studies, and cultural diversity studies) but also a shining example of lifelong learning. Soon, she will begin pursuing her master's degree in Public History at FHSU.Her leadership extends to numerous roles, including history club, Phi Alpha Theta, and various committees at FHSU and beyond. Through initiatives like the Holocaust Education and Remembrance Committee, Chelsea contributes to vital cultural and educational dialogues, epitomizing the role of a student leader who transcends the online domain.Chelsea embodies the spirit of the Torch Award—perseverance, excellence, and an unwavering commitment to her community's past and present. Through her academic achievements, leadership, and benevolence, she has indeed lit the way, not only for current students but for all those who believe in the transformational power of education.Chelsea Kiefer's story is not merely one of scholarly triumph but of an unquenchable zest for knowledge and thoughtful community engagement, proving that every chapter in life presents a new opportunity for greatness.

Heart of a Tiger: 2024 graduate Chelsea Kiefer, power of FHSU Online

Walking into a garden center invites a flood of memory. Just turning in the driveway works like Pavlov’s Bell for convicted gardeners. Scents of soil, spicy petunias, heirloom roses, and dozens of other flowers trigger thoughts of grandma gardens and long ago visits to loved ones now passed. A trip down the vegetable aisle adds dozens more flashbacks to harvests of yore and hours of satisfying canning and jelly making. Who’da thunk a metal yard art peacock near the entry would overwhelm those other childhood remembrances.

I’d stopped for strawberry plants, so imagine my surprise to find myself loading a 2 1/2 foot tall, brilliantly colored metal peacock into the back seat of our Toyota. Luck was with me because it was half price, and once my eyes landed on it, I needed it. From first glance, sounds and sights of peacocks pee-yaaaahing and strutting at Meade Lake during childhood visits inundated my mind.

As youngsters, my cousins and I looked forward to summer visits to our grandparents in Meade. From the moment we entered their home, we couldn’t wait for Grandpa to impersonate that high-pitched, drawn-out wild call. He’d done it so often he sounded exactly like a peacock. Upon hearing that plaintive screech, requests to head to the lake escalated.

As a bonus, Grandma turned it into a festive picnic. Her fried chicken and best-ever potato salad tucked into an old-fashioned wicker basket along with other necessities heightened our anticipation. Grandpa tossed a blanket in the trunk in case other families had claimed tables in the picnic area where the flock of peacocks, peahens, and pea babies roamed near an artesian spring bubbling from deep in the earth.

Once we arrived, our grandparents turned us loose to seek brilliant-colored tail feathers male peacocks lost when they spread and rattled them in a courtship dance as old as time. Though it was past the usual breeding season of these exotic birds, those fellas still fanned their iridescent turquoise, emerald green, bronze, and electric blue tails sporting imbedded eyes. Ironically, as is often the case in nature, the females appeared drab compared to the males

As we scampered about grounds shaded by century-old, towering cottonwoods gleefully waving fists full of bright feathers, Grandpa encouraged the peacocks to respond to his realistic pee-yaaaaah! To our delight, at least one always answered.

From my current grandma perspective, I’m certain my grandparents looked forward to this excuse to change up schedules so they could haul grands to this far southwest Kansas oasis. The lake, the WPA era bathhouse, the winding trail to the artesian spring, groves of century-old cottonwoods, and those fanciful, out of place peacocks offered welcome respite from the daily grind of running a dime store on hot summer days.

For us, it formed life-long memories, even though those recollections hid until I spied that bright lawn ornament at a local garden store. Now, that peacock sits in my flower bed to remind me daily of precious times with loved ones.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2024/5/1716072908470.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By KAREN MADORINWalking into a garden center invites a flood of memory. Just turning in the driveway works like Pavlov’s Bell for convicted gardeners. Scents of soil, spicy petunias, heirloom roses, and dozens of other flowers trigger thoughts of grandma gardens and long ago visits to loved ones now passed. A trip down the vegetable aisle adds dozens more flashbacks to harvests of yore and hours of satisfying canning and jelly making. Who’da thunk a metal yard art peacock near the entry would overwhelm those other childhood remembrances.I’d stopped for strawberry plants, so imagine my surprise to find myself loading a 2 1/2 foot tall, brilliantly colored metal peacock into the back seat of our Toyota. Luck was with me because it was half price, and once my eyes landed on it, I needed it. From first glance, sounds and sights of peacocks pee-yaaaahing and strutting at Meade Lake during childhood visits inundated my mind.As youngsters, my cousins and I looked forward to summer visits to our grandparents in Meade. From the moment we entered their home, we couldn’t wait for Grandpa to impersonate that high-pitched, drawn-out wild call. He’d done it so often he sounded exactly like a peacock. Upon hearing that plaintive screech, requests to head to the lake escalated.As a bonus, Grandma turned it into a festive picnic. Her fried chicken and best-ever potato salad tucked into an old-fashioned wicker basket along with other necessities heightened our anticipation. Grandpa tossed a blanket in the trunk in case other families had claimed tables in the picnic area where the flock of peacocks, peahens, and pea babies roamed near an artesian spring bubbling from deep in the earth.Once we arrived, our grandparents turned us loose to seek brilliant-colored tail feathers male peacocks lost when they spread and rattled them in a courtship dance as old as time. Though it was past the usual breeding season of these exotic birds, those fellas still fanned their iridescent turquoise, emerald green, bronze, and electric blue tails sporting imbedded eyes. Ironically, as is often the case in nature, the females appeared drab compared to the malesAs we scampered about grounds shaded by century-old, towering cottonwoods gleefully waving fists full of bright feathers, Grandpa encouraged the peacocks to respond to his realistic pee-yaaaaah! To our delight, at least one always answered.From my current grandma perspective, I’m certain my grandparents looked forward to this excuse to change up schedules so they could haul grands to this far southwest Kansas oasis. The lake, the WPA era bathhouse, the winding trail to the artesian spring, groves of century-old cottonwoods, and those fanciful, out of place peacocks offered welcome respite from the daily grind of running a dime store on hot summer days.For us, it formed life-long memories, even though those recollections hid until I spied that bright lawn ornament at a local garden store. Now, that peacock sits in my flower bed to remind me daily of precious times with loved ones.

Opinion