By STACY CAMPBELL Cottonwood Extension District

This innovative program, launched in September by the Kansas Grain Sorghum Commission(KGSC) in collaboration with K-State Research and Extension and the K-State Department of Plant Pathology, announces a comprehensive winter educational program.

Building on the success of its inaugural field day series, which focused on stalk rot prevention and producer profitability, the Sorghum Connection team offers an additional series of one-day events across central and western Kansas, which will delve deeper into key topics gained from the field days. These events will be held in Salina (December 4th), Hays (December 5th), and Garden City (December 6th). In Hays the program will be held at the K-State Agricultural Research Center, Hays, 1232 240th Avenue.

Attendees will gain valuable insights from leaders at Kansas State University on critical topics:

● Managing Chinch Bug Populations, presented by Anthony Zukoff, K-State Entomologists.

● Effective Weed Management Strategies, by Sarah Lancaster, K-State Weed Specialist.

● Unleashing the Potential of Sorghum in the Pet Food Industry presented by Julia Pezzali, K-State Director of Pet Food Program.

● Navigating the Sorghum Market Outlook, presented by Dan O’Brien, K-State Grain Market Specialist.

"The Sorghum Connection Series is more than just a series of events; it's an investment in the future of sorghum production in Kansas,” says Maddy Meier, KGSC’s director of communications and outreach. “By providing producers with access to the latest research and information, we're empowering them to make informed decisions and drive innovation in the heart of sorghum country."

Pre-registration is requested and each event begins with registration at 8:00 AM and concludes at approximately 3:00 PM. To register or learn more, visit www.ksgrainsorghum.org or call Cottonwood Extension Office at 785-628-9430.

The Sorghum Connection Series offers a unique opportunity for Kansas sorghum growers to connect, learn, and stay ahead of the curve. Don't miss this chance to cultivate success in the years ahead!

The Kansas Grain Sorghum Commission is committed to sorghum promotion, research, and information designed to strengthen, expand and develop new foreign and domestic markets for sorghum.

Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By STACY CAMPBELL Cottonwood Extension DistrictThis innovative program, launched in September by the Kansas Grain Sorghum Commission(KGSC) in collaboration with K-State Research and Extension and the K-State Department of Plant Pathology, announces a comprehensive winter educational program.Building on the success of its inaugural field day series, which focused on stalk rot prevention and producer profitability, the Sorghum Connection team offers an additional series of one-day events across central and western Kansas, which will delve deeper into key topics gained from the field days. These events will be held in Salina (December 4th), Hays (December 5th), and Garden City (December 6th). In Hays the program will be held at the K-State Agricultural Research Center, Hays, 1232 240th Avenue.Attendees will gain valuable insights from leaders at Kansas State University on critical topics:● Managing Chinch Bug Populations, presented by Anthony Zukoff, K-State Entomologists.● Effective Weed Management Strategies, by Sarah Lancaster, K-State Weed Specialist.● Unleashing the Potential of Sorghum in the Pet Food Industry presented by Julia Pezzali, K-State Director of Pet Food Program.● Navigating the Sorghum Market Outlook, presented by Dan O’Brien, K-State Grain Market Specialist."The Sorghum Connection Series is more than just a series of events; it's an investment in the future of sorghum production in Kansas,” says Maddy Meier, KGSC’s director of communications and outreach. “By providing producers with access to the latest research and information, we're empowering them to make informed decisions and drive innovation in the heart of sorghum country."Pre-registration is requested and each event begins with registration at 8:00 AM and concludes at approximately 3:00 PM. To register or learn more, visit www.ksgrainsorghum.org or call Cottonwood Extension Office at 785-628-9430.The Sorghum Connection Series offers a unique opportunity for Kansas sorghum growers to connect, learn, and stay ahead of the curve. Don't miss this chance to cultivate success in the years ahead!The Kansas Grain Sorghum Commission is committed to sorghum promotion, research, and information designed to strengthen, expand and develop new foreign and domestic markets for sorghum.Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: Sorghum connection series extends support to Kansas growers with winter series

To my fellow residents of western Kansas,

I tendered my resignation from HaysMed on Saturday, Nov. 16, 2024. My last day in the clinic will be Feb. 17, 2025.

It has been a wonderful journey for my family and me since I began my practice at HMC in July 2015. Currently, I am one of only two remaining medical oncologists who physically reside west of Hays. For that reason, I struggled deeply with my decision to leave. It is never easy to make such a decision, especially when reflecting on all the patients I have had the privilege of helping over the past nine years. My greatest concern is how the people of Western Kansas will access medical oncology services in the future.

Ultimately, my decision to leave was guided by how I believe medical care can best be delivered to the people of rural Kansas. The simple truth is that the administration at HaysMed and I have differing views on the need for a new model of health care. In my opinion, the current regional hub health care model that HaysMed operates under is unlikely to remain viable in the long term. I would be remiss if I did not acknowledge that the departure of approximately 20 health care providers from the hospital in the past year also influenced my decision.

I do not know what the future holds for medical oncology in Western Kansas, especially as HMC has made it clear that it will enforce its restrictive employment covenants regardless of the impact. The national shortage of oncologists, particularly in rural America, only amplifies this challenge. However, I am confident that there will always be an increasing need for the services I provide across the United States.

I bear no ill will toward the administration at HaysMed. For the sake of the health of our community and rural Kansas as a whole, I sincerely hope they succeed in the extraordinarily difficult task of recruiting new physicians to our wonderful community.

From the bottom of my heart, I want to thank all my patients and the people of Western Kansas who have supported my family and me. Thank you all.

To my fellow residents of western Kansas,I tendered my resignation from HaysMed on Saturday, Nov. 16, 2024. My last day in the clinic will be Feb. 17, 2025.It has been a wonderful journey for my family and me since I began my practice at HMC in July 2015. Currently, I am one of only two remaining medical oncologists who physically reside west of Hays. For that reason, I struggled deeply with my decision to leave. It is never easy to make such a decision, especially when reflecting on all the patients I have had the privilege of helping over the past nine years. My greatest concern is how the people of Western Kansas will access medical oncology services in the future.Ultimately, my decision to leave was guided by how I believe medical care can best be delivered to the people of rural Kansas. The simple truth is that the administration at HaysMed and I have differing views on the need for a new model of health care. In my opinion, the current regional hub health care model that HaysMed operates under is unlikely to remain viable in the long term. I would be remiss if I did not acknowledge that the departure of approximately 20 health care providers from the hospital in the past year also influenced my decision.I do not know what the future holds for medical oncology in Western Kansas, especially as HMC has made it clear that it will enforce its restrictive employment covenants regardless of the impact. The national shortage of oncologists, particularly in rural America, only amplifies this challenge. However, I am confident that there will always be an increasing need for the services I provide across the United States.I bear no ill will toward the administration at HaysMed. For the sake of the health of our community and rural Kansas as a whole, I sincerely hope they succeed in the extraordinarily difficult task of recruiting new physicians to our wonderful community.From the bottom of my heart, I want to thank all my patients and the people of Western Kansas who have supported my family and me. Thank you all.— Robert Rodriguez, MD

LETTER: Oncologist announces resignation from HaysMed

By TISA MASON Fort Hays State University President

Fort Hays State University (FHSU) celebrates International Education Week (IEW) each November. This annual celebration highlights global diversity, advances cross-cultural understanding, gives voice to the perspectives of our international students, and enhances the educational experience for the entire campus community.

International Education Week is more than festive gatherings; it celebrates humanity. Students from around the globe come together to share their customs, languages, and traditions. This fall, our on-campus international student enrollment includes 200 students from 45 different countries. As part of this intentional community, all students are encouraged to explore and appreciate the cultural mosaic that enriches their lives and learning experiences.

Amadou Diawara, a first-year MBA student from Dakar, Senegal, is a prime example of the transformative journey fostered by FHSU. “I initially joined FHSU as part of the first cohort from Dunis Dakar, a partner university in Senegal,” Amadou shares. “The welcoming environment and strong academic support drew me in, and the opportunity to study locally and abroad is invaluable.”

Nurturing cross-cultural ties opens doors to understanding and collaboration on a global scale, Amadou’s aspirations extend beyond his time at FHSU; he hopes to return to Senegal after gaining U.S. work experience and apply his newly acquired skills to develop startups that can positively impact his community.

Lucas Billinger’s path to FHSU is equally inspiring. Hailing from Linz, Austria, Lucas is in his third year at the university, pursuing a degree in finance and an education that once seemed far from his reach. “If you had asked the 16-year-old me if I wanted to study in another country, I would have said no,” he reveals. “But after my military service, I was uncertain about my next steps.”

Encouraged by his father’s colleague’s son’s experiences, he considered studying in the United States. “After some reflection, I realized that if I didn’t take this chance now, I might never get another opportunity.”

After extensive research, FHSU emerged as the perfect fit. “It checked every box on my checklist,” he recalls, highlighting the university’s welcoming atmosphere and vital support services. “And when I saw how affordable it was compared to other U.S. schools, my decision was solidified. As an international student, that was incredibly important.”

Lucas’s journey at FHSU has profoundly changed his outlook—one that he publicly credits to his supportive parents and the International Office, who have guided him through this transitional period. “The support I’ve received has been exceptional. I truly appreciate everything they’ve done to help me navigate this journey,” he says.

Students like Lucas thrive in campus activities, from joining friends at soccer games to immersing themselves in the cultural diversity fostered by events during IEW. “My experience here has been amazing,” he declares with enthusiasm. “GO TIGERS!”

International students also contribute economically to FHSU and the surrounding community—paying tuition, participating in local businesses, enriching the local culture—and fostering an atmosphere of cross-cultural exchange essential in today’s globalized world.

Through interactions with their peers, they gain invaluable interpersonal skills that employers seek in future leaders. The diverse perspectives brought to classroom discussions stimulate creativity and encourage critical thinking. Amy Liu, a master’s student from China, elaborates on this point: “Cross-cultural experiences challenge us to think critically, and they inspire innovative approaches to problem-solving,” she says.

The robust partnerships FHSU has built over decades reinforce its commitment to global education, fostering collaboration that enhances its international profile. These efforts lead to unique study-abroad opportunities and cooperative research initiatives that further enrich the educational landscape for all students.

For Amy Liu, the memories created during IEW remain profoundly uplifting. “The celebration made me feel connected to my roots while surrounded by friends from various backgrounds,” she shares. “It reminds me of the joy of sharing my culture and learning from others.”

The vast array of events planned during IEW emphasizes the importance of global citizenship and its impact on each individual’s worldview. By engaging with diverse cultures, students deepen their understanding of international issues and develop empathy—qualities crucial to fostering cooperation in today’s complex global landscape.

The impact of IEW celebrations emphasizes that education is a universal passport. Preparing to meet the challenges of an interconnected world continues to shape FHSU as it nurtures students equipped to thrive in diverse environments.

The university’s commitment extends to empowering all students with the tools to navigate various global challenges. Amadou notes, “Understanding the interconnectedness of our world equips us to create positive change, whether in America or back in Senegal.”

Both Amadou and Lucas underscore the meaningful contributions of international students to campus life. Stories of resilience, ambition, and cultural pride exemplify the ideals celebrated during International Education Week, highlighting the importance of a supportive educational environment that values and fosters global cooperation.

What I appreciate most about IEW is the connections that bring students closer together, reinforcing the idea that while their journeys may have originated in different corners of the globe, they are united by a shared purpose: to learn, to grow, and ultimately, to make a difference in the world. With a spirit of cooperation and cultural sharing, IEW provides a space where every student can find their place, fostering a community that supports growth, empathy, and understanding—one story at a time.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/12/1575301942236.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By TISA MASON Fort Hays State University PresidentFort Hays State University (FHSU) celebrates International Education Week (IEW) each November. This annual celebration highlights global diversity, advances cross-cultural understanding, gives voice to the perspectives of our international students, and enhances the educational experience for the entire campus community.International Education Week is more than festive gatherings; it celebrates humanity. Students from around the globe come together to share their customs, languages, and traditions. This fall, our on-campus international student enrollment includes 200 students from 45 different countries. As part of this intentional community, all students are encouraged to explore and appreciate the cultural mosaic that enriches their lives and learning experiences.Amadou Diawara, a first-year MBA student from Dakar, Senegal, is a prime example of the transformative journey fostered by FHSU. “I initially joined FHSU as part of the first cohort from Dunis Dakar, a partner university in Senegal,” Amadou shares. “The welcoming environment and strong academic support drew me in, and the opportunity to study locally and abroad is invaluable.”Nurturing cross-cultural ties opens doors to understanding and collaboration on a global scale, Amadou’s aspirations extend beyond his time at FHSU; he hopes to return to Senegal after gaining U.S. work experience and apply his newly acquired skills to develop startups that can positively impact his community.Lucas Billinger’s path to FHSU is equally inspiring. Hailing from Linz, Austria, Lucas is in his third year at the university, pursuing a degree in finance and an education that once seemed far from his reach. “If you had asked the 16-year-old me if I wanted to study in another country, I would have said no,” he reveals. “But after my military service, I was uncertain about my next steps.”Encouraged by his father’s colleague’s son’s experiences, he considered studying in the United States. “After some reflection, I realized that if I didn’t take this chance now, I might never get another opportunity.”After extensive research, FHSU emerged as the perfect fit. “It checked every box on my checklist,” he recalls, highlighting the university’s welcoming atmosphere and vital support services. “And when I saw how affordable it was compared to other U.S. schools, my decision was solidified. As an international student, that was incredibly important.”Lucas’s journey at FHSU has profoundly changed his outlook—one that he publicly credits to his supportive parents and the International Office, who have guided him through this transitional period. “The support I’ve received has been exceptional. I truly appreciate everything they’ve done to help me navigate this journey,” he says.Students like Lucas thrive in campus activities, from joining friends at soccer games to immersing themselves in the cultural diversity fostered by events during IEW. “My experience here has been amazing,” he declares with enthusiasm. “GO TIGERS!”International students also contribute economically to FHSU and the surrounding community—paying tuition, participating in local businesses, enriching the local culture—and fostering an atmosphere of cross-cultural exchange essential in today’s globalized world.Through interactions with their peers, they gain invaluable interpersonal skills that employers seek in future leaders. The diverse perspectives brought to classroom discussions stimulate creativity and encourage critical thinking. Amy Liu, a master’s student from China, elaborates on this point: “Cross-cultural experiences challenge us to think critically, and they inspire innovative approaches to problem-solving,” she says.The robust partnerships FHSU has built over decades reinforce its commitment to global education, fostering collaboration that enhances its international profile. These efforts lead to unique study-abroad opportunities and cooperative research initiatives that further enrich the educational landscape for all students.For Amy Liu, the memories created during IEW remain profoundly uplifting. “The celebration made me feel connected to my roots while surrounded by friends from various backgrounds,” she shares. “It reminds me of the joy of sharing my culture and learning from others.”The vast array of events planned during IEW emphasizes the importance of global citizenship and its impact on each individual’s worldview. By engaging with diverse cultures, students deepen their understanding of international issues and develop empathy—qualities crucial to fostering cooperation in today’s complex global landscape.The impact of IEW celebrations emphasizes that education is a universal passport. Preparing to meet the challenges of an interconnected world continues to shape FHSU as it nurtures students equipped to thrive in diverse environments.The university’s commitment extends to empowering all students with the tools to navigate various global challenges. Amadou notes, “Understanding the interconnectedness of our world equips us to create positive change, whether in America or back in Senegal.”Both Amadou and Lucas underscore the meaningful contributions of international students to campus life. Stories of resilience, ambition, and cultural pride exemplify the ideals celebrated during International Education Week, highlighting the importance of a supportive educational environment that values and fosters global cooperation.What I appreciate most about IEW is the connections that bring students closer together, reinforcing the idea that while their journeys may have originated in different corners of the globe, they are united by a shared purpose: to learn, to grow, and ultimately, to make a difference in the world. With a spirit of cooperation and cultural sharing, IEW provides a space where every student can find their place, fostering a community that supports growth, empathy, and understanding—one story at a time.

Heart of a Tiger: Celebrating International Education Week

As a kiddo, I couldn’t wait for Thanksgiving. I loved making Pilgrim hats and handprint turkeys at school. As a youngster and adult, I treasured celebrating at Grandma Lottie’s where she served family roasted turkey on a platter surrounded by dressing, sweet potatoes, green beans, corn, hot rolls, mashed potatoes and gravy, along with the promise we needed to leave room for fresh-made pumpkin pies and homemade whipped cream for dessert.

Not only was the meal delicious, she decorated the dining and living rooms to whimsically celebrate the season. Autumn flowers surrounded pilgrim and turkey figurines in every available space. Little ones couldn’t resist moving those characters from place to place while providing clever kid dialogue. My mother accepted her Mom’s challenge and found a huge terra cotta turkey accompanied by porcelain pilgrims and turkey salt and pepper shakers to grace her Thanksgiving table post Grandma Lottie.

Gramma and Mom must’ve passed on the festive gene as well as some décor, though it took a while to manifest. After decades of no Thanksgiving doo-dads, we now hang an autumn wreath on the door, set out a snipped-tin turkey in a bower of silk leaves, and display clever little bird pilgrims and smaller turkeys with dangling shoelace legs. This generation of grandkids continue the tradition of transferring them from one open spot to another in dining and living rooms. Lately, those turkeys have prompted some soul or perhaps dietary searching.

Here's the dilemma. While turkey is clearly traditional Thanksgiving food and one that Grandma and Mom always served, my hubs and I prefer ham at holiday meals. What does this mean in terms of décor? Do I jettison gobblers in search of handcrafted oinkers to replace expected turkey figurines in holiday displays?

Our community boasts a craft business that offers the public opportunities to dip a brush and paint plaster molds, including porkers. I can see accenting them to suit autumn. Like those cool horses decorated with different designs that you find in specialty catalogues, I could paint sunflowers all over one of those little hams and then embellish another with fall leaves and one with Pilgrim hats and blunderbusses. If I got really creative, I could cover one of those forms with dozens of strutting turkeys celebrating the fact they aren’t on the menu. Only moderately interested in gramma’s holiday foo foo rah, the grands might get into painting piggies to replace those goofy fan-tailed strutters and start a whole new family custom.

While we might replace a traditional turkey meal with ham, it’s hard to ignore a life-time of celebrating my favorite holiday (no costumes, no gifts, great food, and good fellowship) without the standard turkey showing up in some form. Based on research, natives and pilgrims at those early feasts ate more fish, sea food, venison, and other wild game than they did turkey. But, family tradition is important. It creates structure for celebrating and customs to pass through generations.

That said, since we have a ham in the freezer awaiting Thanksgiving, our collection of turkeys can offer thanks they’ll continuing starring in our traditional décor.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2024/11/1731789806271.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By KAREN MADORINAs a kiddo, I couldn’t wait for Thanksgiving. I loved making Pilgrim hats and handprint turkeys at school. As a youngster and adult, I treasured celebrating at Grandma Lottie’s where she served family roasted turkey on a platter surrounded by dressing, sweet potatoes, green beans, corn, hot rolls, mashed potatoes and gravy, along with the promise we needed to leave room for fresh-made pumpkin pies and homemade whipped cream for dessert.Not only was the meal delicious, she decorated the dining and living rooms to whimsically celebrate the season. Autumn flowers surrounded pilgrim and turkey figurines in every available space. Little ones couldn’t resist moving those characters from place to place while providing clever kid dialogue. My mother accepted her Mom’s challenge and found a huge terra cotta turkey accompanied by porcelain pilgrims and turkey salt and pepper shakers to grace her Thanksgiving table post Grandma Lottie.Gramma and Mom must’ve passed on the festive gene as well as some décor, though it took a while to manifest. After decades of no Thanksgiving doo-dads, we now hang an autumn wreath on the door, set out a snipped-tin turkey in a bower of silk leaves, and display clever little bird pilgrims and smaller turkeys with dangling shoelace legs. This generation of grandkids continue the tradition of transferring them from one open spot to another in dining and living rooms. Lately, those turkeys have prompted some soul or perhaps dietary searching.Here's the dilemma. While turkey is clearly traditional Thanksgiving food and one that Grandma and Mom always served, my hubs and I prefer ham at holiday meals. What does this mean in terms of décor? Do I jettison gobblers in search of handcrafted oinkers to replace expected turkey figurines in holiday displays?Our community boasts a craft business that offers the public opportunities to dip a brush and paint plaster molds, including porkers. I can see accenting them to suit autumn. Like those cool horses decorated with different designs that you find in specialty catalogues, I could paint sunflowers all over one of those little hams and then embellish another with fall leaves and one with Pilgrim hats and blunderbusses. If I got really creative, I could cover one of those forms with dozens of strutting turkeys celebrating the fact they aren’t on the menu. Only moderately interested in gramma’s holiday foo foo rah, the grands might get into painting piggies to replace those goofy fan-tailed strutters and start a whole new family custom.While we might replace a traditional turkey meal with ham, it’s hard to ignore a life-time of celebrating my favorite holiday (no costumes, no gifts, great food, and good fellowship) without the standard turkey showing up in some form. Based on research, natives and pilgrims at those early feasts ate more fish, sea food, venison, and other wild game than they did turkey. But, family tradition is important. It creates structure for celebrating and customs to pass through generations.That said, since we have a ham in the freezer awaiting Thanksgiving, our collection of turkeys can offer thanks they’ll continuing starring in our traditional décor.

MADORIN: Switchin’ a pig for the turkey

By KARISSA WINKEL Cottonwood Extension District

The holiday season is around the corner, and this means that the kitchen will likely become a busy place as we prepare meals to gather around. As you prepare tasty dishes to share, be conscious of the possibility of sharing illness too. I found these tips from K-State food scientist, Karen Blakeslee, especially helpful for preventing cross-contamination:

“We use the kitchen sink for food preparation and more,” Blakeslee said. “The possibility exists for foodborne illness-causing bacteria to hang out in the sink too. These bacteria could cross-contaminate your food and make you sick.”

Blakeslee added that a recent USDA study tested surfaces where participants prepared a breakfast meal with raw sausage, shell eggs, and a fruit salad made with cut-up cantaloupe. Test results showed that 34% of the sinks were contaminated after preparing the meal.

Even more scary, 26% of the samples of cut-up cantaloupe from the fruit salad were contaminated after breakfast prep.

“The bacteria in the sink or on your hands can cross-contaminate from the sink to other items, including those you normally eat raw. This means you’ll be eating that bacteria too,” Blakeslee said.

After using your sink to wash or prepare food, clean and sanitize the sink:

1) Use warm, soapy water to wash the sink. Wipe it clean with paper towels.

2) Use a sanitizer and let air dry. Sanitizers can be homemade (1 tablespoon of liquid chlorine bleach per gallon of water) or use a commercial sanitizer or sanitizing wipe.

When the sink is used to clean and sanitize, it’s easy to forget that the sink itself can become contaminated. So, be mindful of your food prep habits to keep you and the entire family healthy this holiday season.

Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1697546908793.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By KARISSA WINKEL Cottonwood Extension DistrictThe holiday season is around the corner, and this means that the kitchen will likely become a busy place as we prepare meals to gather around. As you prepare tasty dishes to share, be conscious of the possibility of sharing illness too. I found these tips from K-State food scientist, Karen Blakeslee, especially helpful for preventing cross-contamination:“We use the kitchen sink for food preparation and more,” Blakeslee said. “The possibility exists for foodborne illness-causing bacteria to hang out in the sink too. These bacteria could cross-contaminate your food and make you sick.”Blakeslee added that a recent USDA study tested surfaces where participants prepared a breakfast meal with raw sausage, shell eggs, and a fruit salad made with cut-up cantaloupe. Test results showed that 34% of the sinks were contaminated after preparing the meal.Even more scary, 26% of the samples of cut-up cantaloupe from the fruit salad were contaminated after breakfast prep.“The bacteria in the sink or on your hands can cross-contaminate from the sink to other items, including those you normally eat raw. This means you’ll be eating that bacteria too,” Blakeslee said.After using your sink to wash or prepare food, clean and sanitize the sink:1) Use warm, soapy water to wash the sink. Wipe it clean with paper towels.2) Use a sanitizer and let air dry. Sanitizers can be homemade (1 tablespoon of liquid chlorine bleach per gallon of water) or use a commercial sanitizer or sanitizing wipe.When the sink is used to clean and sanitize, it’s easy to forget that the sink itself can become contaminated. So, be mindful of your food prep habits to keep you and the entire family healthy this holiday season.Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.

WINKEL: Clean the kitchen sink

By MONIQUE KOERNER Cottonwood Extension District

Looking at turkeys for your holiday meals? Here are some tips to help make your holiday turkey safe and healthy. Turkey is a healthy choice since it is considered a white meat and full of protein! Some tips for keeping it as healthy as possible is to bake it and not fry it or use herbs and lemon to season rather than butter and salt. Allow one pound (1 lb) of turkey per person you are serving.

Thawing turkeys can be tricky but remember to thaw them in one of three ways: in the refrigerator, in cold water, or the microwave. Allowing your bird to thaw at room temperature can allow dangerous bacteria to grow. Washing a raw turkey or poultry also spreads bacteria around the kitchen so you can save time and skip washing the bird. To roast the turkey, start with an oven temperature set at least at 325 degrees. Timetable for turkey roasting varies based on size and if the turkey is stuffed or not. The turkey should reach an internal temperature of 165 degrees when it is thoroughly cooked. Allow the turkey to stand for 20 minutes before carving.

Turkeys must be kept at a safe temperature during "the big thaw." While frozen, a turkey is safe indefinitely. However, as soon as it begins to thaw, any bacteria that may have been present before freezing can begin to grow again.

Immediately after grocery store checkout, take the frozen turkey home and store it in the freezer. Frozen turkeys should not be left on the back porch, in the car trunk, in the basement, or any place else where temperatures cannot be constantly monitored.

A package of frozen meat or poultry left thawing on the counter more than 2 hours is not at a safe temperature. Even though the center of the package may still be frozen, the outer layer of the food is in the "Danger Zone" between 40 and 140 °F — at a temperature where foodborne bacteria multiply rapidly.

There are three safe ways to thaw food: in the refrigerator, in cold water, and in the microwave oven.

When thawing a turkey in the refrigerator:

· Plan ahead: allow approximately 24 hours for each 4 to 5 pounds in a refrigerator set at 40 °F or below.

· Place the turkey in a container to prevent the juices from dripping on other foods.

A thawed turkey can remain in the refrigerator for 1 or 2 days before cooking. Foods thawed in the refrigerator can be refrozen without cooking but there may be some loss of quality.

First be sure the turkey is in a leak-proof plastic bag to prevent cross-contamination and to prevent the turkey from absorbing water, resulting in a watery product.

Submerge the wrapped turkey in cold tap water. Change the water every 30 minutes until the turkey is thawed. Cook the turkey immediately after it is thawed.

A turkey thawed by the cold water method should be cooked immediately. After cooking, meat from the turkey can be refrozen.

Follow the microwave oven manufacturer's instruction when defrosting a turkey. Plan to cook it immediately after thawing because some areas of the food may become warm and begin to cook during microwaving. Holding partially cooked food is not recommended because any bacteria present wouldn't have been destroyed.

A turkey thawed in the microwave must be cooked immediately.

Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu.

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 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522152076.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By MONIQUE KOERNER Cottonwood Extension DistrictLooking at turkeys for your holiday meals? Here are some tips to help make your holiday turkey safe and healthy. Turkey is a healthy choice since it is considered a white meat and full of protein! Some tips for keeping it as healthy as possible is to bake it and not fry it or use herbs and lemon to season rather than butter and salt. Allow one pound (1 lb) of turkey per person you are serving.Thawing turkeys can be tricky but remember to thaw them in one of three ways: in the refrigerator, in cold water, or the microwave. Allowing your bird to thaw at room temperature can allow dangerous bacteria to grow. Washing a raw turkey or poultry also spreads bacteria around the kitchen so you can save time and skip washing the bird. To roast the turkey, start with an oven temperature set at least at 325 degrees. Timetable for turkey roasting varies based on size and if the turkey is stuffed or not. The turkey should reach an internal temperature of 165 degrees when it is thoroughly cooked. Allow the turkey to stand for 20 minutes before carving.Turkeys must be kept at a safe temperature during "the big thaw." While frozen, a turkey is safe indefinitely. However, as soon as it begins to thaw, any bacteria that may have been present before freezing can begin to grow again.Immediately after grocery store checkout, take the frozen turkey home and store it in the freezer. Frozen turkeys should not be left on the back porch, in the car trunk, in the basement, or any place else where temperatures cannot be constantly monitored.A package of frozen meat or poultry left thawing on the counter more than 2 hours is not at a safe temperature. Even though the center of the package may still be frozen, the outer layer of the food is in the "Danger Zone" between 40 and 140 °F — at a temperature where foodborne bacteria multiply rapidly.There are three safe ways to thaw food: in the refrigerator, in cold water, and in the microwave oven.Refrigerator ThawingWhen thawing a turkey in the refrigerator:· Plan ahead: allow approximately 24 hours for each 4 to 5 pounds in a refrigerator set at 40 °F or below.· Place the turkey in a container to prevent the juices from dripping on other foods.REFRIGERATOR THAWING TIMESWhole turkey:· 4 to 12 pounds — 1 to 3 days· 12 to 16 pounds — 3 to 4 days· 16 to 20 pounds — 4 to 5 days· 20 to 24 pounds —5 to 6 daysA thawed turkey can remain in the refrigerator for 1 or 2 days before cooking. Foods thawed in the refrigerator can be refrozen without cooking but there may be some loss of quality.Cold Water ThawingAllow about 30 minutes per pound.First be sure the turkey is in a leak-proof plastic bag to prevent cross-contamination and to prevent the turkey from absorbing water, resulting in a watery product.Submerge the wrapped turkey in cold tap water. Change the water every 30 minutes until the turkey is thawed. Cook the turkey immediately after it is thawed.COLD WATER THAWING TIMES· 4 to 12 pounds — 2 to 6 hours· 12 to 16 pounds — 6 to 8 hours· 16 to 20 pounds — 8 to 10 hours· 20 to 24 pounds — 10 to 12 hoursA turkey thawed by the cold water method should be cooked immediately. After cooking, meat from the turkey can be refrozen.Microwave ThawingFollow the microwave oven manufacturer's instruction when defrosting a turkey. Plan to cook it immediately after thawing because some areas of the food may become warm and begin to cook during microwaving. Holding partially cooked food is not recommended because any bacteria present wouldn't have been destroyed.A turkey thawed in the microwave must be cooked immediately.Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu.

KOERNER: Turkey Basics

By ALICIA BOOR Cottonwood Extension District

Newly bought houseplants or those brought in from outside often lose at least a portion of their leaves. In order to understand why this occurs, we need to look at how these plants are grown and what the plant needs to do to adapt to its new environment. Houseplants are normally produced either under shade outdoors in southern states or in greenhouses. Also, many homeowners move their houseplants outside during the summer. Regardless, the plants receive much more sunlight than they do in an indoor environment. Research done in Florida in the late 1970s revealed that tropical plants grown under high light conditions produce ‘sun leaves' while those grown under low light conditions have ‘shade leaves.' These leaf types differ structurally in that sun leaves have less chlorophyll (the substance that plants use to convert sunlight to energy) and the chlorophyll that is present is located deeper inside the leaf. Sun leaves also tend to be thick, small and numerous while shade leaves are more thin, larger, and fewer in number. When plants are moved from one light condition to another they need time to adjust. This process is known as acclimatization. If they are forced to acclimatize too quickly, they will drop their sun leaves and produce a new set of shade leaves. If the acclimatization process is slower and less drastic, the plant can convert their sun leaves to the shade leaves that do better under low light. If going from shade to sun, this process is reversed.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

 Some houseplants are acclimatized before they are sold but many are not. So how do we help our new houseplants or those moved inside acclimatize to their new home environment? Houseplants should start out in an area of the home that receives plenty of light and then gradually moved to their permanent, darker location. This process should take 4 to 8 weeks depending on the degree of difference in light levels between the initial and final location of the plant. Remember, plants need to be acclimatized whether they are moved from a sunny location to one that receives less light or from shade to sun. Understanding plant processes allows us to anticipate potential problems. Acclimatization gives our houseplants a greater&nbsp;chance of retaining leaves and avoiding the stress of completely replacing them.&nbsp;

Alicia&nbsp;Boor&nbsp;is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1698682262753.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By ALICIA BOOR Cottonwood Extension DistrictNewly bought houseplants or those brought in from outside often lose at least a portion of their leaves. In order to understand why this occurs, we need to look at how these plants are grown and what the plant needs to do to adapt to its new environment. Houseplants are normally produced either under shade outdoors in southern states or in greenhouses. Also, many homeowners move their houseplants outside during the summer. Regardless, the plants receive much more sunlight than they do in an indoor environment. Research done in Florida in the late 1970s revealed that tropical plants grown under high light conditions produce ‘sun leaves' while those grown under low light conditions have ‘shade leaves.' These leaf types differ structurally in that sun leaves have less chlorophyll (the substance that plants use to convert sunlight to energy) and the chlorophyll that is present is located deeper inside the leaf. Sun leaves also tend to be thick, small and numerous while shade leaves are more thin, larger, and fewer in number. When plants are moved from one light condition to another they need time to adjust. This process is known as acclimatization. If they are forced to acclimatize too quickly, they will drop their sun leaves and produce a new set of shade leaves. If the acclimatization process is slower and less drastic, the plant can convert their sun leaves to the shade leaves that do better under low light. If going from shade to sun, this process is reversed.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Some houseplants are acclimatized before they are sold but many are not. So how do we help our new houseplants or those moved inside acclimatize to their new home environment? Houseplants should start out in an area of the home that receives plenty of light and then gradually moved to their permanent, darker location. This process should take 4 to 8 weeks depending on the degree of difference in light levels between the initial and final location of the plant. Remember, plants need to be acclimatized whether they are moved from a sunny location to one that receives less light or from shade to sun. Understanding plant processes allows us to anticipate potential problems. Acclimatization gives our houseplants a greater&nbsp;chance of retaining leaves and avoiding the stress of completely replacing them.&nbsp;Alicia&nbsp;Boor&nbsp;is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

BOOR: Why do houseplants lose leaves after being brought inside? 

By STEVE GILLILAND Exploring Kansas Outdoors

While I realize Veterans Day has come-and-gone for 2024, I feel this column, even though a week late, is still applicable. I come from a family where many have served in the military in one way, shape or form. My dad was an infantryman in the Army during WW II and served in Italy for a time. His older brother served as Flight Engineer on a B-24, flying 13 missions over Germany during WWII. I was a Field Artillery Meteorologist, collecting atmospheric data for the artillery for 20 years in the Army National Guard, and was in Bosnia for 6 months. My wife Joyce spent 8 years in the Air National Guard as a photographer and as a plane cargo loader. Three of her uncles, all from Mennonite families, served in the army and navy during WWII and the Korean Conflict. Two of my cousins were in the Air Force, one of my nephews was a marine and another nephew is currently in the navy. When asked by her siblings, (all who are also Conscientious Objectors,) why she joined the military, my wife Joyce replied “Cause daddy never told me not to.” I say all this not to brag, but to say that we are a family who believes in and supports maintaining a strong military in the United States.

The person who suggested I write this column a couple years ago, told me of an office conversation discussing whether or not to do anything special that year for Veterans Day in their paper. One coworker replied “Yes, absolutely. Patriotism has to be taught.” That got me thinking about ways we can teach our kids and new citizens to be proud of our country and of our military, both current members and veterans.

First of all, by example, teach your kids respect for our flag, for the pledge of allegiance to our flag and for our National Anthem. When reciting the pledge of allegiance, honoring our flag as it is displayed or paraded past you or when singing the Star-Spangled Banner, stand, come to attention and face the flag with your right hand over your heart. Now, some will say the flag is only a piece of cloth, the pledge of allegiance only something we recite and the national anthem only a song. While those statements are true, these things are symbols of our freedom and of our country. Teaching our youth respect for these things will help teach them appreciation for God’s allowing us to live in a free country like the United States, appreciation for the soldiers that currently serve, soldiers that have served in the past and soldiers that have died protecting that freedom.

Most places you go, be it Walmart, the mall, a fast-food restaurant or some large event, you will see men and women wearing a hat or another item of clothing giving the appearance that they are military veterans. Ask those people if they are veterans, and if so, offer your hand and thank them for their service, and urge your kids to do the same. This is also a great gesture toward law enforcement personnel, firefighters and all manner of first responders, for they, like soldiers are the ones who run toward dangerous situations, allowing the rest of us run to safety.

I agree with the assessment that “Patriotism has to be taught,” and we as parents and grandparents must be the teachers. Be creative with other ways to honor our veterans; offer to pay for their Big Mac and fries, their morning coffee at Scooters or at the local café, let them go ahead of you in line at Dillons, etc. Also, take your kids and grandkids to church and be the example of wholeheartedly thanking God for these freedoms we have. As Lee Greenwood so eloquently sang, “God Bless the USA”

Steve can be contacted by email at stevenrgilliland@gmail.com.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574696211722.png" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By STEVE GILLILAND Exploring Kansas OutdoorsWhile I realize Veterans Day has come-and-gone for 2024, I feel this column, even though a week late, is still applicable. I come from a family where many have served in the military in one way, shape or form. My dad was an infantryman in the Army during WW II and served in Italy for a time. His older brother served as Flight Engineer on a B-24, flying 13 missions over Germany during WWII. I was a Field Artillery Meteorologist, collecting atmospheric data for the artillery for 20 years in the Army National Guard, and was in Bosnia for 6 months. My wife Joyce spent 8 years in the Air National Guard as a photographer and as a plane cargo loader. Three of her uncles, all from Mennonite families, served in the army and navy during WWII and the Korean Conflict. Two of my cousins were in the Air Force, one of my nephews was a marine and another nephew is currently in the navy. When asked by her siblings, (all who are also Conscientious Objectors,) why she joined the military, my wife Joyce replied “Cause daddy never told me not to.” I say all this not to brag, but to say that we are a family who believes in and supports maintaining a strong military in the United States.The person who suggested I write this column a couple years ago, told me of an office conversation discussing whether or not to do anything special that year for Veterans Day in their paper. One coworker replied “Yes, absolutely. Patriotism has to be taught.” That got me thinking about ways we can teach our kids and new citizens to be proud of our country and of our military, both current members and veterans.First of all, by example, teach your kids respect for our flag, for the pledge of allegiance to our flag and for our National Anthem. When reciting the pledge of allegiance, honoring our flag as it is displayed or paraded past you or when singing the Star-Spangled Banner, stand, come to attention and face the flag with your right hand over your heart. Now, some will say the flag is only a piece of cloth, the pledge of allegiance only something we recite and the national anthem only a song. While those statements are true, these things are symbols of our freedom and of our country. Teaching our youth respect for these things will help teach them appreciation for God’s allowing us to live in a free country like the United States, appreciation for the soldiers that currently serve, soldiers that have served in the past and soldiers that have died protecting that freedom.Most places you go, be it Walmart, the mall, a fast-food restaurant or some large event, you will see men and women wearing a hat or another item of clothing giving the appearance that they are military veterans. Ask those people if they are veterans, and if so, offer your hand and thank them for their service, and urge your kids to do the same. This is also a great gesture toward law enforcement personnel, firefighters and all manner of first responders, for they, like soldiers are the ones who run toward dangerous situations, allowing the rest of us run to safety.I agree with the assessment that “Patriotism has to be taught,” and we as parents and grandparents must be the teachers. Be creative with other ways to honor our veterans; offer to pay for their Big Mac and fries, their morning coffee at Scooters or at the local café, let them go ahead of you in line at Dillons, etc. Also, take your kids and grandkids to church and be the example of wholeheartedly thanking God for these freedoms we have. As Lee Greenwood so eloquently sang, “God Bless the USA”Steve can be contacted by email at stevenrgilliland@gmail.com.

Exploring Kansas Outdoors: Veterans Day

By MARK JOSLYN Insight Kansas

The question was asked repeatedly over the past few years: Was 2016 a fluke?

Most Democrats and Never-Trump Republicans thought so.

After all, Trump won by the slimmest of margins in a few pivotal swing states and lost the popular vote by nearly 3 million. Then Trump’s tenure in the White House was marked by historically low public approval. And his sagging popularity was key to the crushing defeat in 2020.

The MAGA coalition always posed a significant challenge.

While it supported Trump unconditionally, the group constantly battled against public rebuke and narrow appeal. Moreover, it’s demographic characteristics, which skew male, rural and non-college, are typically obstacles for sustained political engagement. Frequently dismissed as racist deplorables, misogynists, weird, phobic, low-information, threats to democracy, supporters of a fascist, and more recently garbage, the MAGA-hat-wearing voters could never be the foundation of an expansive electoral coalition.

Yet, Trump’s sweeping victory last week proved a broad coalition could be constructed around working-class voting blocks, stitched skillfully together by populist appeals and reinforced by widespread economic anxiety.

Successful presidential candidates in fact grow their base rather than being limited by it.

Trump assembled a surprisingly diverse set of supporters, netting Republican gains in most counties across the nation, flipping all 7 battleground states, winning the popular vote, and taking back Congress. In big cities, suburbs, rural areas, in red states and in blue, Trump’s margins improved. The trend cut across demographic categories, with pronounced changes in Latino communities. In 2012, Mitt Romney won 27 percent of Latino voters. In 2024, Trump won 42 percent.

Trump’s performance among the working class improved as well.

In 2020, Trump edged Biden’s working-class support by 4 points. This time it tripled to 12-points.

Among the white working-class, Trump enjoyed a 25-point margin over Biden. Against Harris, it rose to 30. Trump’s electoral influence also reached Kansas, where most counties shifted right.

In southern Republican strongholds like Cherokee (+2.7%), and the much larger Sedgwick (+1.6%), Trump’s margins advanced. They also improved in the blue college town counties of Douglas (+1.2%) and Riley (+3.3%).

In the western counties where Latinos constitute a majority, Trump saw significant growth. Ford county improved 3 percent, Finney 6 percent, Seward 5 percent, and Grant 4 percent.

In short, the 2024 election was a uniform swing for Trump that showcased a new Republican coalition, one that approaches the diversity typically seen within the Democratic party.

However, it would be a mistake to overreact and claim that a lasting realignment has taken place.

It was a close election. The margin of victory in Wisconsin was 0.9%, 1.4% in Michigan, and 2.1% in Pennsylvania.

Keeping the coalition together will be difficult. Latinos are the new swing voters. And not long ago, Barack Obama drew a large share of the white working class.

Circumstances change quickly and future developments could very well benefit Democrats.

Finally, Trump’s opponents repeatedly claimed he was a danger to democracy.

But Trump is also a vivid expression of it.

He forged and expanded a unique coalition, harnessing the strength of the very democratic institutions that his critics argue he wishes to destroy.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/9/1695215697316.png" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By MARK JOSLYN Insight KansasThe question was asked repeatedly over the past few years: Was 2016 a fluke?Most Democrats and Never-Trump Republicans thought so.After all, Trump won by the slimmest of margins in a few pivotal swing states and lost the popular vote by nearly 3 million. Then Trump’s tenure in the White House was marked by historically low public approval. And his sagging popularity was key to the crushing defeat in 2020.The MAGA coalition always posed a significant challenge.While it supported Trump unconditionally, the group constantly battled against public rebuke and narrow appeal. Moreover, it’s demographic characteristics, which skew male, rural and non-college, are typically obstacles for sustained political engagement. Frequently dismissed as racist deplorables, misogynists, weird, phobic, low-information, threats to democracy, supporters of a fascist, and more recently garbage, the MAGA-hat-wearing voters could never be the foundation of an expansive electoral coalition.Yet, Trump’s sweeping victory last week proved a broad coalition could be constructed around working-class voting blocks, stitched skillfully together by populist appeals and reinforced by widespread economic anxiety.Successful presidential candidates in fact grow their base rather than being limited by it.Trump assembled a surprisingly diverse set of supporters, netting Republican gains in most counties across the nation, flipping all 7 battleground states, winning the popular vote, and taking back Congress. In big cities, suburbs, rural areas, in red states and in blue, Trump’s margins improved. The trend cut across demographic categories, with pronounced changes in Latino communities. In 2012, Mitt Romney won 27 percent of Latino voters. In 2024, Trump won 42 percent.Trump’s performance among the working class improved as well.In 2020, Trump edged Biden’s working-class support by 4 points. This time it tripled to 12-points.Among the white working-class, Trump enjoyed a 25-point margin over Biden. Against Harris, it rose to 30. Trump’s electoral influence also reached Kansas, where most counties shifted right.In southern Republican strongholds like Cherokee (+2.7%), and the much larger Sedgwick (+1.6%), Trump’s margins advanced. They also improved in the blue college town counties of Douglas (+1.2%) and Riley (+3.3%).In the western counties where Latinos constitute a majority, Trump saw significant growth. Ford county improved 3 percent, Finney 6 percent, Seward 5 percent, and Grant 4 percent.In short, the 2024 election was a uniform swing for Trump that showcased a new Republican coalition, one that approaches the diversity typically seen within the Democratic party.However, it would be a mistake to overreact and claim that a lasting realignment has taken place.It was a close election. The margin of victory in Wisconsin was 0.9%, 1.4% in Michigan, and 2.1% in Pennsylvania.Keeping the coalition together will be difficult. Latinos are the new swing voters. And not long ago, Barack Obama drew a large share of the white working class.Circumstances change quickly and future developments could very well benefit Democrats.Finally, Trump’s opponents repeatedly claimed he was a danger to democracy.Perhaps.But Trump is also a vivid expression of it.He forged and expanded a unique coalition, harnessing the strength of the very democratic institutions that his critics argue he wishes to destroy.It was no fluke.

INSIGHT KANSAS: The surprising growth of the MAGA coalition

A new hybrid plant has emerged in Kansas wheat fields. Through genetic and cytogenetic testing, it was determined to be a hybrid derived from wheat and triticale. This hybrid was confirmed in three locations in Kansas this year.

The mysterious hybrid was observed by Kansas Crop Improvement Association (KCIA) inspectors in Dickinson County and Marion County. In addition, a producer from south-central Kansas also found the same hybrid.

Samples from all three locations were sent to the National Agricultural Genotyping Center (NAGC) in North Dakota. They confirmed all three samples were identical. The NAGC used the NCBI public database and searched for a match using the BLAST algorithm. Based on the database results, they reported that the ITS2 region suggested the samples contained nuclear genomes of Secale and a Triticum species.

The Wheat Genetic Resource Center (WGRC) at Kansas State University provided further testing through a cytogenetic analysis of the seeds produced by the hybrid. Cytogenetics is a branch of genetics that involves the study of chromosomes. The cytogenetic analysis determined that the hybrid plant had 48 chromosomes: 41 wheat and 7 rye. The result indicated that the hybrid plant is likely derived from natural hybridization between hexaploid wheat and octoploid triticale.

In summary, the mystery plant found in Kansas wheat fields has been identified as a wheat x triticale hybrid. To the best of expert’s knowledge, this is the first time this specific hybrid has been found and identified. Over the course of my investigations says Marion Spiering, Manager of Field Services and Seed Certification KCIA. I grew tired of referring to it as “the wheat x triticale hybrid,” so I’ve informally started calling it “quadrotriticale” because it has both the Secale and Triticum species and to distinguish it from commercial triticale.

The seeds collected and tested by KCIA had an overall low fertility rate. It may show up more in areas where a lot of triticale cover crops are being used. In addition, it may also appear if a farmer saves seed from a wheat field that was grown next to a triticale field. The “quadrotriticale” plants were discovered due to the careful field inspection procedures required for Certified seed production. The “quadrotiticale” plants found by KCIA inspectors grew a little taller than the wheat, making them easy to spot. Like its parents, the hybrid is a bunch-type plant that can be pulled easily if it is found in any production field. Now that this hybrid has been identified, KCIA growers can easily locate it and rogue it out of their Certified seed fields.

KCIA’s excellent seed growers and our superior Certified seed standards are more than up to the task of dealing with this new hybrid and continuing to produce high-quality wheat seed.

· The cytogenetic analysis was done by WGRC at KSU.

· The DNA sequencing was done by NAGC, ND.

· The seed germination test was done by KCIA Seed Lab.

· Thanks to Dr. Allan Fritz, K-State Wheat Breeder for his overall assistance with this project and help networking.

Information provided by Marion Spiering, Manager of Field Services and Seed Certification, Kansas Crop Improvement Association, mskcia@kansas.net.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By STACY CAMPBELL Cottonwood Extension DistrictA new hybrid plant has emerged in Kansas wheat fields. Through genetic and cytogenetic testing, it was determined to be a hybrid derived from wheat and triticale. This hybrid was confirmed in three locations in Kansas this year.The mysterious hybrid was observed by Kansas Crop Improvement Association (KCIA) inspectors in Dickinson County and Marion County. In addition, a producer from south-central Kansas also found the same hybrid.Samples from all three locations were sent to the National Agricultural Genotyping Center (NAGC) in North Dakota. They confirmed all three samples were identical. The NAGC used the NCBI public database and searched for a match using the BLAST algorithm. Based on the database results, they reported that the ITS2 region suggested the samples contained nuclear genomes of Secale and a Triticum species.The Wheat Genetic Resource Center (WGRC) at Kansas State University provided further testing through a cytogenetic analysis of the seeds produced by the hybrid. Cytogenetics is a branch of genetics that involves the study of chromosomes. The cytogenetic analysis determined that the hybrid plant had 48 chromosomes: 41 wheat and 7 rye. The result indicated that the hybrid plant is likely derived from natural hybridization between hexaploid wheat and octoploid triticale.In summary, the mystery plant found in Kansas wheat fields has been identified as a wheat x triticale hybrid. To the best of expert’s knowledge, this is the first time this specific hybrid has been found and identified. Over the course of my investigations says Marion Spiering, Manager of Field Services and Seed Certification KCIA. I grew tired of referring to it as “the wheat x triticale hybrid,” so I’ve informally started calling it “quadrotriticale” because it has both the Secale and Triticum species and to distinguish it from commercial triticale.The seeds collected and tested by KCIA had an overall low fertility rate. It may show up more in areas where a lot of triticale cover crops are being used. In addition, it may also appear if a farmer saves seed from a wheat field that was grown next to a triticale field. The “quadrotriticale” plants were discovered due to the careful field inspection procedures required for Certified seed production. The “quadrotiticale” plants found by KCIA inspectors grew a little taller than the wheat, making them easy to spot. Like its parents, the hybrid is a bunch-type plant that can be pulled easily if it is found in any production field. Now that this hybrid has been identified, KCIA growers can easily locate it and rogue it out of their Certified seed fields.KCIA’s excellent seed growers and our superior Certified seed standards are more than up to the task of dealing with this new hybrid and continuing to produce high-quality wheat seed.Acknowledgments· The cytogenetic analysis was done by WGRC at KSU.· The DNA sequencing was done by NAGC, ND.· The seed germination test was done by KCIA Seed Lab.· Thanks to Dr. Allan Fritz, K-State Wheat Breeder for his overall assistance with this project and help networking.Information provided by Marion Spiering, Manager of Field Services and Seed Certification, Kansas Crop Improvement Association, mskcia@kansas.net.

CAMPBELL: New wheat x triticale hybrid confirmed in Kansas

This is in response to the recent letter of thanks posted by Dr. Jerod Grove on Nov. 14 upon leaving Hays Medical Center.

<a href="https://hayspost.com/posts/72d9adfa-8b21-4d60-bd8c-049da4c03137">SEE RELATED STORY: LETTER: HaysMed surgeon announces departure</a>

After many trips back and forth to the ER, no doctor made any attempt to try to find out the cause of my medical problem. Dr. Jerod Grove put in the effort to find the cause of my pain and suffering.

While others just patched me up and sent me home several times, he persisted and literally saved my life! I have never met a surgeon who was so genuine and caring and down to earth. Just like a regular guy. 

I trusted him so much that I would not let any other surgeon touch my 91-year-old mother who recently went through two major surgeries. We thank God for you, Dr. Jerod Grove, and appreciate you being here for me and my family! You were a valuable member of our hospital and our community!

Hays has sadly lost an extremely talented, gracious surgeon and human being. It sounds to me like Hays Medical Center and its board need to step back and realign with the reason they are here – FOR US!

Of all the things that people put their whole-hearted trust into, it is the health care and well-being of ourselves, families and friends. How can you take that away HaysMed? How can you chase some of the best and brightest doctors from our town in exchange for your self-serving bureaucratic mentality!

It is no surprise that the great institution of KU Med wants no ties with you any longer. Think of the reason why everyone leaves here to get better care elsewhere.

The good people of Hays and surrounding communities deserve better! It sounds to me like the bureaucratic swamp needs to be drained!

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1698091063975.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>This is in response to the recent letter of thanks posted by Dr. Jerod Grove on Nov. 14 upon leaving Hays Medical Center.<a href="https://hayspost.com/posts/72d9adfa-8b21-4d60-bd8c-049da4c03137">SEE RELATED STORY: LETTER: HaysMed surgeon announces departure</a>After many trips back and forth to the ER, no doctor made any attempt to try to find out the cause of my medical problem. Dr. Jerod Grove put in the effort to find the cause of my pain and suffering.While others just patched me up and sent me home several times, he persisted and literally saved my life! I have never met a surgeon who was so genuine and caring and down to earth. Just like a regular guy. I trusted him so much that I would not let any other surgeon touch my 91-year-old mother who recently went through two major surgeries. We thank God for you, Dr. Jerod Grove, and appreciate you being here for me and my family! You were a valuable member of our hospital and our community!Hays has sadly lost an extremely talented, gracious surgeon and human being. It sounds to me like Hays Medical Center and its board need to step back and realign with the reason they are here – FOR US!Of all the things that people put their whole-hearted trust into, it is the health care and well-being of ourselves, families and friends. How can you take that away HaysMed? How can you chase some of the best and brightest doctors from our town in exchange for your self-serving bureaucratic mentality!It is no surprise that the great institution of KU Med wants no ties with you any longer. Think of the reason why everyone leaves here to get better care elsewhere.The good people of Hays and surrounding communities deserve better! It sounds to me like the bureaucratic swamp needs to be drained!Jodie J. Wear-Leiker

LETTER: Praise for Dr. Grove; concern HaysMed 'chasing away' doctors

I appreciate your desire to help alleviate poverty in our community and support families who struggle with the rising cost of living. 

<a href="https://hayspost.com/posts/17290ca2-a64d-4482-aecd-213534370fcd">SEE RELATED STORY: Ellis County reports highest poverty rate in region</a>

However, I’d like to share a business perspective that emphasizes the broader economic forces at play. Your suggestion that “It’s really a wage thing. ” is a sentiment many of us share in principle; after all, business owners want their employees to thrive. 

But achieving this goal requires a balanced approach that considers the realities of our local economy, tax burdens, and the market forces businesses must navigate.

Businesses don’t have unlimited flexibility in setting wages. We operate in a competitive market where goods and services are sold at prices that reflect what consumers are willing to pay. This is especially true in our community, where discretionary spending is often limited, and businesses must keep prices affordable for customers.

If we raise prices to cover higher wages, we risk losing customers who may seek out cheaper alternatives or travel to nearby communities with lower prices and tax burdens. This delicate balance means that businesses need to price their offerings according to what the market will bear, which directly impacts our ability to raise wages.

I frequently hear complaints about the high sales tax rates in the north Vine improvement district. I recommend that you drive to Salina or Wichita on a weekend and look at the counties on the license plates of shoppers in their retail parking lots.

Another significant issue affecting businesses’ ability to increase wages is the cumulative tax burden imposed by various levels of government. In our city, the property tax rate is 1.2%—a rate higher than the national average.

This, combined with county, state, and federal taxes, creates a substantial overhead for businesses. These funds that go toward taxes are diverted away from potential wage increases, investments in growth, and other improvements that could benefit both employees and the community.

When a business is continually pressed by rising taxes, it has to make difficult choices. Higher taxes lead to lower net earnings, and lower earnings mean reduced capacity to raise wages.

As a community, we should recognize that business owners aren’t unwilling to pay more—they’re often simply unable to do so under the weight of various tax obligations.

Addressing high tax rates at the city, county and state levels could help create more room for wage growth by freeing up resources currently spent on taxes.

Kansas is not ranked very well in comparisons of our peer states regarding effective tax rates. When businesses compete for interstate business, these disparities are significant.

The conversation around poverty alleviation would benefit from a closer look at government spending. Each level of government has certain responsibilities, but when spending is inefficient or inflated, it places an unnecessary burden on taxpayers, including businesses.

Taxpayer-funded programs and initiatives should be periodically assessed for cost-effectiveness and efficiency. By making government operations more efficient and cutting back on excess spending, our city could potentially reduce taxes, allowing both residents and businesses to keep more of their earnings.

This, in turn, could create a healthier economic environment where businesses are better positioned to increase wages.

To address the complex issues surrounding poverty and wage levels, we need a collaborative approach. Rather than focusing solely on businesses, let’s consider a plan that evaluates tax policy, government spending and economic growth initiatives in tandem.

Incentives for businesses, reduced tax burdens and supportive infrastructure can help local businesses thrive, which would put them in a stronger position to provide higher wages and better opportunities for employees.

Together, we can create a sustainable, long-term solution that promotes economic prosperity and benefits the entire community.

Thank you for your consideration of these points. I look forward to working together toward solutions that help both our businesses and residents succeed.

—Mark Hess, vice president of sales &amp; services Hess service

Dear Commissioner Barrick,I appreciate your desire to help alleviate poverty in our community and support families who struggle with the rising cost of living. <a href="https://hayspost.com/posts/17290ca2-a64d-4482-aecd-213534370fcd">SEE RELATED STORY: Ellis County reports highest poverty rate in region</a>However, I’d like to share a business perspective that emphasizes the broader economic forces at play. Your suggestion that “It’s really a wage thing. ” is a sentiment many of us share in principle; after all, business owners want their employees to thrive. But achieving this goal requires a balanced approach that considers the realities of our local economy, tax burdens, and the market forces businesses must navigate.Businesses don’t have unlimited flexibility in setting wages. We operate in a competitive market where goods and services are sold at prices that reflect what consumers are willing to pay. This is especially true in our community, where discretionary spending is often limited, and businesses must keep prices affordable for customers.If we raise prices to cover higher wages, we risk losing customers who may seek out cheaper alternatives or travel to nearby communities with lower prices and tax burdens. This delicate balance means that businesses need to price their offerings according to what the market will bear, which directly impacts our ability to raise wages.I frequently hear complaints about the high sales tax rates in the north Vine improvement district. I recommend that you drive to Salina or Wichita on a weekend and look at the counties on the license plates of shoppers in their retail parking lots.Another significant issue affecting businesses’ ability to increase wages is the cumulative tax burden imposed by various levels of government. In our city, the property tax rate is 1.2%—a rate higher than the national average.This, combined with county, state, and federal taxes, creates a substantial overhead for businesses. These funds that go toward taxes are diverted away from potential wage increases, investments in growth, and other improvements that could benefit both employees and the community.When a business is continually pressed by rising taxes, it has to make difficult choices. Higher taxes lead to lower net earnings, and lower earnings mean reduced capacity to raise wages.As a community, we should recognize that business owners aren’t unwilling to pay more—they’re often simply unable to do so under the weight of various tax obligations.Addressing high tax rates at the city, county and state levels could help create more room for wage growth by freeing up resources currently spent on taxes.Kansas is not ranked very well in comparisons of our peer states regarding effective tax rates. When businesses compete for interstate business, these disparities are significant.The conversation around poverty alleviation would benefit from a closer look at government spending. Each level of government has certain responsibilities, but when spending is inefficient or inflated, it places an unnecessary burden on taxpayers, including businesses.Taxpayer-funded programs and initiatives should be periodically assessed for cost-effectiveness and efficiency. By making government operations more efficient and cutting back on excess spending, our city could potentially reduce taxes, allowing both residents and businesses to keep more of their earnings.This, in turn, could create a healthier economic environment where businesses are better positioned to increase wages.To address the complex issues surrounding poverty and wage levels, we need a collaborative approach. Rather than focusing solely on businesses, let’s consider a plan that evaluates tax policy, government spending and economic growth initiatives in tandem.Incentives for businesses, reduced tax burdens and supportive infrastructure can help local businesses thrive, which would put them in a stronger position to provide higher wages and better opportunities for employees.Together, we can create a sustainable, long-term solution that promotes economic prosperity and benefits the entire community.Thank you for your consideration of these points. I look forward to working together toward solutions that help both our businesses and residents succeed.—Mark Hess, vice president of sales &amp; services Hess service

LETTER: Response to City Commissioner Barrick’s statement on business wages

My last day as a surgeon at Hays Medical Center was Tuesday, Nov. 12. My simple message to you is THANKS!

I was born in Western Kansas and raised in Dodge City, a seventh-generation Western Kansan. After graduating from Dodge City High School, I attended Wichita State University, followed by medical school at KU SOM and a surgery residency at KU Med. I joke with people when I tell them I have not made it far in life. In seven generations, my family has made it all of 164 miles.

In 2015, the choice was easy. I returned west to Hays Medical Center. During the last 9+ years, I have been blessed to be a small part of the medical journey of many. I have seen thousands of patients from Western Kansas and likewise performed thousands of operations, from appendectomies to cancer surgery, abdominal wall reconstruction, or simple endoscopy.

I am also proud to say that through my skill set and love for colon and rectal surgery, I was able to advance the care of rural Kansans further. I feel blessed to have saved thousands of patients a trip to Kansas City or Wichita.

Lately, however, I have concluded that the regional hospital model for providing health care to rural residents in Kansas is not sustainable.

I have become disheartened over the last year as I watched at least 10 of my fellow doctors, some of whom have lived here for 20-30 years, leave Hays. This was not always because they desired to leave, but because if they refused to sign a contract with HMC.

They are effectively forced to move due to certain covenants in HMC contracts that limit physician mobility. The covenants prohibit them from practicing medicine, not just in Hays, but also Western Kansas. 

All the while, the Kansas Hospital Association, American College of Surgeons, and American Academy of Family Physicians have designated most of Western Kansas as being in a health care drought. This leaves access to quality medical or surgical care several counties away in some instances.

In the near future, I fully expect a whole slew of accusations and allegations, some about my skill set and others about my character. Some will believe that maybe I am a crusader.

If that implies having the courage to stand up for what is right they are correct. I am comfortable with the characterization of being a crusader because my only desire since finishing residency has been to provide excellent surgical care to people in Western Kansas, who deserve it just as much as those in Kansas City or Wichita.

I intend to carry on this crusade so that rural hospitals can provide the best care available anywhere to their own local people.

So once again, thank you Western Kansas for trusting me and allowing me to provide you with the health care that you deserve. Thank you too for welcoming my family and making them a part of the community.

Best wishes and God bless every single one of you, JMG Jerod M. Grove, M.D., FACS general surgeon, Western Kansas

A Simple Message of ThanksMy last day as a surgeon at Hays Medical Center was Tuesday, Nov. 12. My simple message to you is THANKS!I was born in Western Kansas and raised in Dodge City, a seventh-generation Western Kansan. After graduating from Dodge City High School, I attended Wichita State University, followed by medical school at KU SOM and a surgery residency at KU Med. I joke with people when I tell them I have not made it far in life. In seven generations, my family has made it all of 164 miles.In 2015, the choice was easy. I returned west to Hays Medical Center. During the last 9+ years, I have been blessed to be a small part of the medical journey of many. I have seen thousands of patients from Western Kansas and likewise performed thousands of operations, from appendectomies to cancer surgery, abdominal wall reconstruction, or simple endoscopy.I am also proud to say that through my skill set and love for colon and rectal surgery, I was able to advance the care of rural Kansans further. I feel blessed to have saved thousands of patients a trip to Kansas City or Wichita.Lately, however, I have concluded that the regional hospital model for providing health care to rural residents in Kansas is not sustainable.I have become disheartened over the last year as I watched at least 10 of my fellow doctors, some of whom have lived here for 20-30 years, leave Hays. This was not always because they desired to leave, but because if they refused to sign a contract with HMC.They are effectively forced to move due to certain covenants in HMC contracts that limit physician mobility. The covenants prohibit them from practicing medicine, not just in Hays, but also Western Kansas. All the while, the Kansas Hospital Association, American College of Surgeons, and American Academy of Family Physicians have designated most of Western Kansas as being in a health care drought. This leaves access to quality medical or surgical care several counties away in some instances.In the near future, I fully expect a whole slew of accusations and allegations, some about my skill set and others about my character. Some will believe that maybe I am a crusader.If that implies having the courage to stand up for what is right they are correct. I am comfortable with the characterization of being a crusader because my only desire since finishing residency has been to provide excellent surgical care to people in Western Kansas, who deserve it just as much as those in Kansas City or Wichita.I intend to carry on this crusade so that rural hospitals can provide the best care available anywhere to their own local people.So once again, thank you Western Kansas for trusting me and allowing me to provide you with the health care that you deserve. Thank you too for welcoming my family and making them a part of the community.Best wishes and God bless every single one of you, JMG Jerod M. Grove, M.D., FACS general surgeon, Western Kansas

LETTER: HaysMed surgeon announces departure

Leaves turning from green to gold and russet, nippy mornings, and blue skies tinged with hints of gun-metal gray leave no doubt autumn has arrived, delivering its cornucopia of harvest goodies. Most of us see fall color and feel changes in daily temperatures, but few hear the haunting notes of autumn’s unusual song, trumpeted through the extended larynxes of thousands of migrating sandhill cranes.

Cranes flying overhead by the hundreds of thousands herald the first warm days of spring each year as they fly north to staging areas on the Platte River and later to nesting areas on the Alaskan and Canadian tundra. Each fall they tug winter’s frosty blasts behind them like Pigpen lugging his blanket behind him as they return to South Texas and Eastern New Mexico playas.

Long before spying them, I hear hoarse, rattling, trumpeting that only a bird with a nearly three-foot long, curved throat could produce. It is an old song, possibly sung for 65 million years, with at least 10 million of those years in the region of what is now Nebraska. Part of my brain, perhaps a segment that evolved eons ago when human footsteps were still fresh in the dust of this planet, responds to these lyrical notes. What I do know is that like folks who play “name that song” games on the radio, once I hear a note or two, I can distinguish lesser sandhill crane music from that of other migrating birds.

I first heard it this fall as I stood on our deck. Leaving pots of still blooming petunias, moss rose, and geraniums and the canopy of golden leaves hiding the grass, I hurried into a nearby field where I could scan the sky, searching for the ancient flying dinosaur shape of these long-necked, gangly-legged birds. Upon spying their silhouettes, it isn’t hard to imagine them as prehistoric creatures. Their flight path took them east of my position. I noted the slow wing beat and the careless grace of a couple hundred birds winging southward. The sun would set that night somewhere around six-thirty, telling me these birds had another good hour of flight before darkness descended.

Keeping the cranes in view as long as I could, I silently wished them travel mercies complete with ample food and water as they navigated toward the shallow lakes of their winter homes. Just as I heard them before laying eyes on them, the last notes of their chorus disappeared after they faded from sight. For a moment, I wondered if I imagined seeing these magical birds. Then, notes of another flock winging its way along the same route confirmed reality.

The following morning, I realized why I’d heard crane songs so loud and clear the afternoon before. The birds raced a cold front sweeping from the North. We’d soon awaken to a frosty world where ice imprisoned summer blooms and etched windows and lawn furniture with fanciful designs.

Every now and then as I work outside, I catch faint notes of distant stragglers following fellow cranes south. I wish them the same good fortune I wished those first flocks. Paradoxically, I long to hear that ancient song announcing the arrival of another spring.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2024/11/1731084706886.jpeg" alt="Courtesy photo" />
 <figcaption>Courtesy photo</figcaption>
 </figure>By KAREN MADORINLeaves turning from green to gold and russet, nippy mornings, and blue skies tinged with hints of gun-metal gray leave no doubt autumn has arrived, delivering its cornucopia of harvest goodies. Most of us see fall color and feel changes in daily temperatures, but few hear the haunting notes of autumn’s unusual song, trumpeted through the extended larynxes of thousands of migrating sandhill cranes.Cranes flying overhead by the hundreds of thousands herald the first warm days of spring each year as they fly north to staging areas on the Platte River and later to nesting areas on the Alaskan and Canadian tundra. Each fall they tug winter’s frosty blasts behind them like Pigpen lugging his blanket behind him as they return to South Texas and Eastern New Mexico playas.Long before spying them, I hear hoarse, rattling, trumpeting that only a bird with a nearly three-foot long, curved throat could produce. It is an old song, possibly sung for 65 million years, with at least 10 million of those years in the region of what is now Nebraska. Part of my brain, perhaps a segment that evolved eons ago when human footsteps were still fresh in the dust of this planet, responds to these lyrical notes. What I do know is that like folks who play “name that song” games on the radio, once I hear a note or two, I can distinguish lesser sandhill crane music from that of other migrating birds.I first heard it this fall as I stood on our deck. Leaving pots of still blooming petunias, moss rose, and geraniums and the canopy of golden leaves hiding the grass, I hurried into a nearby field where I could scan the sky, searching for the ancient flying dinosaur shape of these long-necked, gangly-legged birds. Upon spying their silhouettes, it isn’t hard to imagine them as prehistoric creatures. Their flight path took them east of my position. I noted the slow wing beat and the careless grace of a couple hundred birds winging southward. The sun would set that night somewhere around six-thirty, telling me these birds had another good hour of flight before darkness descended.Keeping the cranes in view as long as I could, I silently wished them travel mercies complete with ample food and water as they navigated toward the shallow lakes of their winter homes. Just as I heard them before laying eyes on them, the last notes of their chorus disappeared after they faded from sight. For a moment, I wondered if I imagined seeing these magical birds. Then, notes of another flock winging its way along the same route confirmed reality.The following morning, I realized why I’d heard crane songs so loud and clear the afternoon before. The birds raced a cold front sweeping from the North. We’d soon awaken to a frosty world where ice imprisoned summer blooms and etched windows and lawn furniture with fanciful designs.Every now and then as I work outside, I catch faint notes of distant stragglers following fellow cranes south. I wish them the same good fortune I wished those first flocks. Paradoxically, I long to hear that ancient song announcing the arrival of another spring.

MADORIN: Sandhill migration

You know that healthy foods are good for the body, but you may not consider the impact nutrition has on everyday tasks. A balanced diet can support brain functions including balance, posture, coordination, and breathing.

As you know, the brain is complex. It’s the control system of the entire body, and it relies on a network of brain cells and neurons to communicate. The good news is that there are ways to nourish the brain to support cognitive capacity and protect it for years to come.

One way to protect the brain is to reduce inflammation. Harmful molecules around the brain can increase inflammation and damage neurons. In the long term, this increases the risk of neurodegenerative diseases like dementia. Sources of omega-3 fatty acids like salmon, nuts and seeds, and olive oil can reduce brain inflammation, support new brain cells, and help neurons communicate better with the rest of the body. Also, colorful fruits and vegetables provide the brain with antioxidants and vitamins that help to protect the brain.

B Vitamins, especially folate, are another superhero for brain health. They are shown to reduce the risk of dementia and slow cognitive decline. B vitamins are found in whole grains, legumes, nuts, leafy green vegetables, and eggs.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1697546908793.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By KARISSA WINKEL Cottonwood Extension DistrictYou know that healthy foods are good for the body, but you may not consider the impact nutrition has on everyday tasks. A balanced diet can support brain functions including balance, posture, coordination, and breathing.As you know, the brain is complex. It’s the control system of the entire body, and it relies on a network of brain cells and neurons to communicate. The good news is that there are ways to nourish the brain to support cognitive capacity and protect it for years to come.One way to protect the brain is to reduce inflammation. Harmful molecules around the brain can increase inflammation and damage neurons. In the long term, this increases the risk of neurodegenerative diseases like dementia. Sources of omega-3 fatty acids like salmon, nuts and seeds, and olive oil can reduce brain inflammation, support new brain cells, and help neurons communicate better with the rest of the body. Also, colorful fruits and vegetables provide the brain with antioxidants and vitamins that help to protect the brain.B Vitamins, especially folate, are another superhero for brain health. They are shown to reduce the risk of dementia and slow cognitive decline. B vitamins are found in whole grains, legumes, nuts, leafy green vegetables, and eggs.Another essential vitamin for brain health is Vitamin D, and a lack of it can cause issues with memory and thinking and increase the risk of dementia. Foods like salmon, tuna, fortified grains, and milk are high in Vitamin D. Also, at least 5 minutes of sunlight exposure each day allows the body to produce vitamin D from the food you eat.Overall, an eating plan focusing on plenty of fruits and vegetables, moderate amounts of protein, and low amounts of saturated fat and sugar is best for optimizing brain health. This is known as the MIND diet, and it’s designed to reduce the risk of neurodegenerative diseases and slow cognitive decline. This eating approach combines the Mediterranean eating plan with theDietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH). The MIND eating plan focuses on foods that are associated with brain function like green leafy vegetables, nuts, berries, beans, whole grains, fish, poultry, and olive oil.If you would like to learn more about the MIND diet, join the Cottonwood District and K-State 105 for Nourishing the Brain: Recommendations for Combating Neurodegenerative Diseases. This program will take place at the Great Bend Senior Center on November 20th at 1 pm.It’s never too late to incorporate brain-boosting foods into your diet. Immediate and long-term benefits can be achieved by nourishing the brain!Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.

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