By STACY CAMPBELL Cottonwood Extension District

A new hybrid plant has emerged in Kansas wheat fields. Through genetic and cytogenetic testing, it was determined to be a hybrid derived from wheat and triticale. This hybrid was confirmed in three locations in Kansas this year.

The mysterious hybrid was observed by Kansas Crop Improvement Association (KCIA) inspectors in Dickinson County and Marion County. In addition, a producer from south-central Kansas also found the same hybrid.

Samples from all three locations were sent to the National Agricultural Genotyping Center (NAGC) in North Dakota. They confirmed all three samples were identical. The NAGC used the NCBI public database and searched for a match using the BLAST algorithm. Based on the database results, they reported that the ITS2 region suggested the samples contained nuclear genomes of Secale and a Triticum species.

The Wheat Genetic Resource Center (WGRC) at Kansas State University provided further testing through a cytogenetic analysis of the seeds produced by the hybrid. Cytogenetics is a branch of genetics that involves the study of chromosomes. The cytogenetic analysis determined that the hybrid plant had 48 chromosomes: 41 wheat and 7 rye. The result indicated that the hybrid plant is likely derived from natural hybridization between hexaploid wheat and octoploid triticale.

In summary, the mystery plant found in Kansas wheat fields has been identified as a wheat x triticale hybrid. To the best of expert’s knowledge, this is the first time this specific hybrid has been found and identified. Over the course of my investigations says Marion Spiering, Manager of Field Services and Seed Certification KCIA. I grew tired of referring to it as “the wheat x triticale hybrid,” so I’ve informally started calling it “quadrotriticale” because it has both the Secale and Triticum species and to distinguish it from commercial triticale.

The seeds collected and tested by KCIA had an overall low fertility rate. It may show up more in areas where a lot of triticale cover crops are being used. In addition, it may also appear if a farmer saves seed from a wheat field that was grown next to a triticale field. The “quadrotriticale” plants were discovered due to the careful field inspection procedures required for Certified seed production. The “quadrotiticale” plants found by KCIA inspectors grew a little taller than the wheat, making them easy to spot. Like its parents, the hybrid is a bunch-type plant that can be pulled easily if it is found in any production field. Now that this hybrid has been identified, KCIA growers can easily locate it and rogue it out of their Certified seed fields.

KCIA’s excellent seed growers and our superior Certified seed standards are more than up to the task of dealing with this new hybrid and continuing to produce high-quality wheat seed.

· The cytogenetic analysis was done by WGRC at KSU.

· The DNA sequencing was done by NAGC, ND.

· The seed germination test was done by KCIA Seed Lab.

· Thanks to Dr. Allan Fritz, K-State Wheat Breeder for his overall assistance with this project and help networking.

Information provided by Marion Spiering, Manager of Field Services and Seed Certification, Kansas Crop Improvement Association, mskcia@kansas.net.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By STACY CAMPBELL Cottonwood Extension DistrictA new hybrid plant has emerged in Kansas wheat fields. Through genetic and cytogenetic testing, it was determined to be a hybrid derived from wheat and triticale. This hybrid was confirmed in three locations in Kansas this year.The mysterious hybrid was observed by Kansas Crop Improvement Association (KCIA) inspectors in Dickinson County and Marion County. In addition, a producer from south-central Kansas also found the same hybrid.Samples from all three locations were sent to the National Agricultural Genotyping Center (NAGC) in North Dakota. They confirmed all three samples were identical. The NAGC used the NCBI public database and searched for a match using the BLAST algorithm. Based on the database results, they reported that the ITS2 region suggested the samples contained nuclear genomes of Secale and a Triticum species.The Wheat Genetic Resource Center (WGRC) at Kansas State University provided further testing through a cytogenetic analysis of the seeds produced by the hybrid. Cytogenetics is a branch of genetics that involves the study of chromosomes. The cytogenetic analysis determined that the hybrid plant had 48 chromosomes: 41 wheat and 7 rye. The result indicated that the hybrid plant is likely derived from natural hybridization between hexaploid wheat and octoploid triticale.In summary, the mystery plant found in Kansas wheat fields has been identified as a wheat x triticale hybrid. To the best of expert’s knowledge, this is the first time this specific hybrid has been found and identified. Over the course of my investigations says Marion Spiering, Manager of Field Services and Seed Certification KCIA. I grew tired of referring to it as “the wheat x triticale hybrid,” so I’ve informally started calling it “quadrotriticale” because it has both the Secale and Triticum species and to distinguish it from commercial triticale.The seeds collected and tested by KCIA had an overall low fertility rate. It may show up more in areas where a lot of triticale cover crops are being used. In addition, it may also appear if a farmer saves seed from a wheat field that was grown next to a triticale field. The “quadrotriticale” plants were discovered due to the careful field inspection procedures required for Certified seed production. The “quadrotiticale” plants found by KCIA inspectors grew a little taller than the wheat, making them easy to spot. Like its parents, the hybrid is a bunch-type plant that can be pulled easily if it is found in any production field. Now that this hybrid has been identified, KCIA growers can easily locate it and rogue it out of their Certified seed fields.KCIA’s excellent seed growers and our superior Certified seed standards are more than up to the task of dealing with this new hybrid and continuing to produce high-quality wheat seed.Acknowledgments· The cytogenetic analysis was done by WGRC at KSU.· The DNA sequencing was done by NAGC, ND.· The seed germination test was done by KCIA Seed Lab.· Thanks to Dr. Allan Fritz, K-State Wheat Breeder for his overall assistance with this project and help networking.Information provided by Marion Spiering, Manager of Field Services and Seed Certification, Kansas Crop Improvement Association, mskcia@kansas.net.

CAMPBELL: New wheat x triticale hybrid confirmed in Kansas

This is in response to the recent letter of thanks posted by Dr. Jerod Grove on Nov. 14 upon leaving Hays Medical Center.

<a href="https://hayspost.com/posts/72d9adfa-8b21-4d60-bd8c-049da4c03137">SEE RELATED STORY: LETTER: HaysMed surgeon announces departure</a>

After many trips back and forth to the ER, no doctor made any attempt to try to find out the cause of my medical problem. Dr. Jerod Grove put in the effort to find the cause of my pain and suffering.

While others just patched me up and sent me home several times, he persisted and literally saved my life! I have never met a surgeon who was so genuine and caring and down to earth. Just like a regular guy. 

I trusted him so much that I would not let any other surgeon touch my 91-year-old mother who recently went through two major surgeries. We thank God for you, Dr. Jerod Grove, and appreciate you being here for me and my family! You were a valuable member of our hospital and our community!

Hays has sadly lost an extremely talented, gracious surgeon and human being. It sounds to me like Hays Medical Center and its board need to step back and realign with the reason they are here – FOR US!

Of all the things that people put their whole-hearted trust into, it is the health care and well-being of ourselves, families and friends. How can you take that away HaysMed? How can you chase some of the best and brightest doctors from our town in exchange for your self-serving bureaucratic mentality!

It is no surprise that the great institution of KU Med wants no ties with you any longer. Think of the reason why everyone leaves here to get better care elsewhere.

The good people of Hays and surrounding communities deserve better! It sounds to me like the bureaucratic swamp needs to be drained!

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1698091063975.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>This is in response to the recent letter of thanks posted by Dr. Jerod Grove on Nov. 14 upon leaving Hays Medical Center.<a href="https://hayspost.com/posts/72d9adfa-8b21-4d60-bd8c-049da4c03137">SEE RELATED STORY: LETTER: HaysMed surgeon announces departure</a>After many trips back and forth to the ER, no doctor made any attempt to try to find out the cause of my medical problem. Dr. Jerod Grove put in the effort to find the cause of my pain and suffering.While others just patched me up and sent me home several times, he persisted and literally saved my life! I have never met a surgeon who was so genuine and caring and down to earth. Just like a regular guy. I trusted him so much that I would not let any other surgeon touch my 91-year-old mother who recently went through two major surgeries. We thank God for you, Dr. Jerod Grove, and appreciate you being here for me and my family! You were a valuable member of our hospital and our community!Hays has sadly lost an extremely talented, gracious surgeon and human being. It sounds to me like Hays Medical Center and its board need to step back and realign with the reason they are here – FOR US!Of all the things that people put their whole-hearted trust into, it is the health care and well-being of ourselves, families and friends. How can you take that away HaysMed? How can you chase some of the best and brightest doctors from our town in exchange for your self-serving bureaucratic mentality!It is no surprise that the great institution of KU Med wants no ties with you any longer. Think of the reason why everyone leaves here to get better care elsewhere.The good people of Hays and surrounding communities deserve better! It sounds to me like the bureaucratic swamp needs to be drained!Jodie J. Wear-Leiker

LETTER: Praise for Dr. Grove; concern HaysMed 'chasing away' doctors

I appreciate your desire to help alleviate poverty in our community and support families who struggle with the rising cost of living. 

<a href="https://hayspost.com/posts/17290ca2-a64d-4482-aecd-213534370fcd">SEE RELATED STORY: Ellis County reports highest poverty rate in region</a>

However, I’d like to share a business perspective that emphasizes the broader economic forces at play. Your suggestion that “It’s really a wage thing. ” is a sentiment many of us share in principle; after all, business owners want their employees to thrive. 

But achieving this goal requires a balanced approach that considers the realities of our local economy, tax burdens, and the market forces businesses must navigate.

Businesses don’t have unlimited flexibility in setting wages. We operate in a competitive market where goods and services are sold at prices that reflect what consumers are willing to pay. This is especially true in our community, where discretionary spending is often limited, and businesses must keep prices affordable for customers.

If we raise prices to cover higher wages, we risk losing customers who may seek out cheaper alternatives or travel to nearby communities with lower prices and tax burdens. This delicate balance means that businesses need to price their offerings according to what the market will bear, which directly impacts our ability to raise wages.

I frequently hear complaints about the high sales tax rates in the north Vine improvement district. I recommend that you drive to Salina or Wichita on a weekend and look at the counties on the license plates of shoppers in their retail parking lots.

Another significant issue affecting businesses’ ability to increase wages is the cumulative tax burden imposed by various levels of government. In our city, the property tax rate is 1.2%—a rate higher than the national average.

This, combined with county, state, and federal taxes, creates a substantial overhead for businesses. These funds that go toward taxes are diverted away from potential wage increases, investments in growth, and other improvements that could benefit both employees and the community.

When a business is continually pressed by rising taxes, it has to make difficult choices. Higher taxes lead to lower net earnings, and lower earnings mean reduced capacity to raise wages.

As a community, we should recognize that business owners aren’t unwilling to pay more—they’re often simply unable to do so under the weight of various tax obligations.

Addressing high tax rates at the city, county and state levels could help create more room for wage growth by freeing up resources currently spent on taxes.

Kansas is not ranked very well in comparisons of our peer states regarding effective tax rates. When businesses compete for interstate business, these disparities are significant.

The conversation around poverty alleviation would benefit from a closer look at government spending. Each level of government has certain responsibilities, but when spending is inefficient or inflated, it places an unnecessary burden on taxpayers, including businesses.

Taxpayer-funded programs and initiatives should be periodically assessed for cost-effectiveness and efficiency. By making government operations more efficient and cutting back on excess spending, our city could potentially reduce taxes, allowing both residents and businesses to keep more of their earnings.

This, in turn, could create a healthier economic environment where businesses are better positioned to increase wages.

To address the complex issues surrounding poverty and wage levels, we need a collaborative approach. Rather than focusing solely on businesses, let’s consider a plan that evaluates tax policy, government spending and economic growth initiatives in tandem.

Incentives for businesses, reduced tax burdens and supportive infrastructure can help local businesses thrive, which would put them in a stronger position to provide higher wages and better opportunities for employees.

Together, we can create a sustainable, long-term solution that promotes economic prosperity and benefits the entire community.

Thank you for your consideration of these points. I look forward to working together toward solutions that help both our businesses and residents succeed.

—Mark Hess, vice president of sales &amp; services Hess service

Dear Commissioner Barrick,I appreciate your desire to help alleviate poverty in our community and support families who struggle with the rising cost of living. <a href="https://hayspost.com/posts/17290ca2-a64d-4482-aecd-213534370fcd">SEE RELATED STORY: Ellis County reports highest poverty rate in region</a>However, I’d like to share a business perspective that emphasizes the broader economic forces at play. Your suggestion that “It’s really a wage thing. ” is a sentiment many of us share in principle; after all, business owners want their employees to thrive. But achieving this goal requires a balanced approach that considers the realities of our local economy, tax burdens, and the market forces businesses must navigate.Businesses don’t have unlimited flexibility in setting wages. We operate in a competitive market where goods and services are sold at prices that reflect what consumers are willing to pay. This is especially true in our community, where discretionary spending is often limited, and businesses must keep prices affordable for customers.If we raise prices to cover higher wages, we risk losing customers who may seek out cheaper alternatives or travel to nearby communities with lower prices and tax burdens. This delicate balance means that businesses need to price their offerings according to what the market will bear, which directly impacts our ability to raise wages.I frequently hear complaints about the high sales tax rates in the north Vine improvement district. I recommend that you drive to Salina or Wichita on a weekend and look at the counties on the license plates of shoppers in their retail parking lots.Another significant issue affecting businesses’ ability to increase wages is the cumulative tax burden imposed by various levels of government. In our city, the property tax rate is 1.2%—a rate higher than the national average.This, combined with county, state, and federal taxes, creates a substantial overhead for businesses. These funds that go toward taxes are diverted away from potential wage increases, investments in growth, and other improvements that could benefit both employees and the community.When a business is continually pressed by rising taxes, it has to make difficult choices. Higher taxes lead to lower net earnings, and lower earnings mean reduced capacity to raise wages.As a community, we should recognize that business owners aren’t unwilling to pay more—they’re often simply unable to do so under the weight of various tax obligations.Addressing high tax rates at the city, county and state levels could help create more room for wage growth by freeing up resources currently spent on taxes.Kansas is not ranked very well in comparisons of our peer states regarding effective tax rates. When businesses compete for interstate business, these disparities are significant.The conversation around poverty alleviation would benefit from a closer look at government spending. Each level of government has certain responsibilities, but when spending is inefficient or inflated, it places an unnecessary burden on taxpayers, including businesses.Taxpayer-funded programs and initiatives should be periodically assessed for cost-effectiveness and efficiency. By making government operations more efficient and cutting back on excess spending, our city could potentially reduce taxes, allowing both residents and businesses to keep more of their earnings.This, in turn, could create a healthier economic environment where businesses are better positioned to increase wages.To address the complex issues surrounding poverty and wage levels, we need a collaborative approach. Rather than focusing solely on businesses, let’s consider a plan that evaluates tax policy, government spending and economic growth initiatives in tandem.Incentives for businesses, reduced tax burdens and supportive infrastructure can help local businesses thrive, which would put them in a stronger position to provide higher wages and better opportunities for employees.Together, we can create a sustainable, long-term solution that promotes economic prosperity and benefits the entire community.Thank you for your consideration of these points. I look forward to working together toward solutions that help both our businesses and residents succeed.—Mark Hess, vice president of sales &amp; services Hess service

LETTER: Response to City Commissioner Barrick’s statement on business wages

My last day as a surgeon at Hays Medical Center was Tuesday, Nov. 12. My simple message to you is THANKS!

I was born in Western Kansas and raised in Dodge City, a seventh-generation Western Kansan. After graduating from Dodge City High School, I attended Wichita State University, followed by medical school at KU SOM and a surgery residency at KU Med. I joke with people when I tell them I have not made it far in life. In seven generations, my family has made it all of 164 miles.

In 2015, the choice was easy. I returned west to Hays Medical Center. During the last 9+ years, I have been blessed to be a small part of the medical journey of many. I have seen thousands of patients from Western Kansas and likewise performed thousands of operations, from appendectomies to cancer surgery, abdominal wall reconstruction, or simple endoscopy.

I am also proud to say that through my skill set and love for colon and rectal surgery, I was able to advance the care of rural Kansans further. I feel blessed to have saved thousands of patients a trip to Kansas City or Wichita.

Lately, however, I have concluded that the regional hospital model for providing health care to rural residents in Kansas is not sustainable.

I have become disheartened over the last year as I watched at least 10 of my fellow doctors, some of whom have lived here for 20-30 years, leave Hays. This was not always because they desired to leave, but because if they refused to sign a contract with HMC.

They are effectively forced to move due to certain covenants in HMC contracts that limit physician mobility. The covenants prohibit them from practicing medicine, not just in Hays, but also Western Kansas. 

All the while, the Kansas Hospital Association, American College of Surgeons, and American Academy of Family Physicians have designated most of Western Kansas as being in a health care drought. This leaves access to quality medical or surgical care several counties away in some instances.

In the near future, I fully expect a whole slew of accusations and allegations, some about my skill set and others about my character. Some will believe that maybe I am a crusader.

If that implies having the courage to stand up for what is right they are correct. I am comfortable with the characterization of being a crusader because my only desire since finishing residency has been to provide excellent surgical care to people in Western Kansas, who deserve it just as much as those in Kansas City or Wichita.

I intend to carry on this crusade so that rural hospitals can provide the best care available anywhere to their own local people.

So once again, thank you Western Kansas for trusting me and allowing me to provide you with the health care that you deserve. Thank you too for welcoming my family and making them a part of the community.

Best wishes and God bless every single one of you, JMG Jerod M. Grove, M.D., FACS general surgeon, Western Kansas

A Simple Message of ThanksMy last day as a surgeon at Hays Medical Center was Tuesday, Nov. 12. My simple message to you is THANKS!I was born in Western Kansas and raised in Dodge City, a seventh-generation Western Kansan. After graduating from Dodge City High School, I attended Wichita State University, followed by medical school at KU SOM and a surgery residency at KU Med. I joke with people when I tell them I have not made it far in life. In seven generations, my family has made it all of 164 miles.In 2015, the choice was easy. I returned west to Hays Medical Center. During the last 9+ years, I have been blessed to be a small part of the medical journey of many. I have seen thousands of patients from Western Kansas and likewise performed thousands of operations, from appendectomies to cancer surgery, abdominal wall reconstruction, or simple endoscopy.I am also proud to say that through my skill set and love for colon and rectal surgery, I was able to advance the care of rural Kansans further. I feel blessed to have saved thousands of patients a trip to Kansas City or Wichita.Lately, however, I have concluded that the regional hospital model for providing health care to rural residents in Kansas is not sustainable.I have become disheartened over the last year as I watched at least 10 of my fellow doctors, some of whom have lived here for 20-30 years, leave Hays. This was not always because they desired to leave, but because if they refused to sign a contract with HMC.They are effectively forced to move due to certain covenants in HMC contracts that limit physician mobility. The covenants prohibit them from practicing medicine, not just in Hays, but also Western Kansas. All the while, the Kansas Hospital Association, American College of Surgeons, and American Academy of Family Physicians have designated most of Western Kansas as being in a health care drought. This leaves access to quality medical or surgical care several counties away in some instances.In the near future, I fully expect a whole slew of accusations and allegations, some about my skill set and others about my character. Some will believe that maybe I am a crusader.If that implies having the courage to stand up for what is right they are correct. I am comfortable with the characterization of being a crusader because my only desire since finishing residency has been to provide excellent surgical care to people in Western Kansas, who deserve it just as much as those in Kansas City or Wichita.I intend to carry on this crusade so that rural hospitals can provide the best care available anywhere to their own local people.So once again, thank you Western Kansas for trusting me and allowing me to provide you with the health care that you deserve. Thank you too for welcoming my family and making them a part of the community.Best wishes and God bless every single one of you, JMG Jerod M. Grove, M.D., FACS general surgeon, Western Kansas

LETTER: HaysMed surgeon announces departure

Leaves turning from green to gold and russet, nippy mornings, and blue skies tinged with hints of gun-metal gray leave no doubt autumn has arrived, delivering its cornucopia of harvest goodies. Most of us see fall color and feel changes in daily temperatures, but few hear the haunting notes of autumn’s unusual song, trumpeted through the extended larynxes of thousands of migrating sandhill cranes.

Cranes flying overhead by the hundreds of thousands herald the first warm days of spring each year as they fly north to staging areas on the Platte River and later to nesting areas on the Alaskan and Canadian tundra. Each fall they tug winter’s frosty blasts behind them like Pigpen lugging his blanket behind him as they return to South Texas and Eastern New Mexico playas.

Long before spying them, I hear hoarse, rattling, trumpeting that only a bird with a nearly three-foot long, curved throat could produce. It is an old song, possibly sung for 65 million years, with at least 10 million of those years in the region of what is now Nebraska. Part of my brain, perhaps a segment that evolved eons ago when human footsteps were still fresh in the dust of this planet, responds to these lyrical notes. What I do know is that like folks who play “name that song” games on the radio, once I hear a note or two, I can distinguish lesser sandhill crane music from that of other migrating birds.

I first heard it this fall as I stood on our deck. Leaving pots of still blooming petunias, moss rose, and geraniums and the canopy of golden leaves hiding the grass, I hurried into a nearby field where I could scan the sky, searching for the ancient flying dinosaur shape of these long-necked, gangly-legged birds. Upon spying their silhouettes, it isn’t hard to imagine them as prehistoric creatures. Their flight path took them east of my position. I noted the slow wing beat and the careless grace of a couple hundred birds winging southward. The sun would set that night somewhere around six-thirty, telling me these birds had another good hour of flight before darkness descended.

Keeping the cranes in view as long as I could, I silently wished them travel mercies complete with ample food and water as they navigated toward the shallow lakes of their winter homes. Just as I heard them before laying eyes on them, the last notes of their chorus disappeared after they faded from sight. For a moment, I wondered if I imagined seeing these magical birds. Then, notes of another flock winging its way along the same route confirmed reality.

The following morning, I realized why I’d heard crane songs so loud and clear the afternoon before. The birds raced a cold front sweeping from the North. We’d soon awaken to a frosty world where ice imprisoned summer blooms and etched windows and lawn furniture with fanciful designs.

Every now and then as I work outside, I catch faint notes of distant stragglers following fellow cranes south. I wish them the same good fortune I wished those first flocks. Paradoxically, I long to hear that ancient song announcing the arrival of another spring.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2024/11/1731084706886.jpeg" alt="Courtesy photo" />
 <figcaption>Courtesy photo</figcaption>
 </figure>By KAREN MADORINLeaves turning from green to gold and russet, nippy mornings, and blue skies tinged with hints of gun-metal gray leave no doubt autumn has arrived, delivering its cornucopia of harvest goodies. Most of us see fall color and feel changes in daily temperatures, but few hear the haunting notes of autumn’s unusual song, trumpeted through the extended larynxes of thousands of migrating sandhill cranes.Cranes flying overhead by the hundreds of thousands herald the first warm days of spring each year as they fly north to staging areas on the Platte River and later to nesting areas on the Alaskan and Canadian tundra. Each fall they tug winter’s frosty blasts behind them like Pigpen lugging his blanket behind him as they return to South Texas and Eastern New Mexico playas.Long before spying them, I hear hoarse, rattling, trumpeting that only a bird with a nearly three-foot long, curved throat could produce. It is an old song, possibly sung for 65 million years, with at least 10 million of those years in the region of what is now Nebraska. Part of my brain, perhaps a segment that evolved eons ago when human footsteps were still fresh in the dust of this planet, responds to these lyrical notes. What I do know is that like folks who play “name that song” games on the radio, once I hear a note or two, I can distinguish lesser sandhill crane music from that of other migrating birds.I first heard it this fall as I stood on our deck. Leaving pots of still blooming petunias, moss rose, and geraniums and the canopy of golden leaves hiding the grass, I hurried into a nearby field where I could scan the sky, searching for the ancient flying dinosaur shape of these long-necked, gangly-legged birds. Upon spying their silhouettes, it isn’t hard to imagine them as prehistoric creatures. Their flight path took them east of my position. I noted the slow wing beat and the careless grace of a couple hundred birds winging southward. The sun would set that night somewhere around six-thirty, telling me these birds had another good hour of flight before darkness descended.Keeping the cranes in view as long as I could, I silently wished them travel mercies complete with ample food and water as they navigated toward the shallow lakes of their winter homes. Just as I heard them before laying eyes on them, the last notes of their chorus disappeared after they faded from sight. For a moment, I wondered if I imagined seeing these magical birds. Then, notes of another flock winging its way along the same route confirmed reality.The following morning, I realized why I’d heard crane songs so loud and clear the afternoon before. The birds raced a cold front sweeping from the North. We’d soon awaken to a frosty world where ice imprisoned summer blooms and etched windows and lawn furniture with fanciful designs.Every now and then as I work outside, I catch faint notes of distant stragglers following fellow cranes south. I wish them the same good fortune I wished those first flocks. Paradoxically, I long to hear that ancient song announcing the arrival of another spring.

MADORIN: Sandhill migration

By KARISSA WINKEL Cottonwood Extension District

You know that healthy foods are good for the body, but you may not consider the impact nutrition has on everyday tasks. A balanced diet can support brain functions including balance, posture, coordination, and breathing.

As you know, the brain is complex. It’s the control system of the entire body, and it relies on a network of brain cells and neurons to communicate. The good news is that there are ways to nourish the brain to support cognitive capacity and protect it for years to come.

One way to protect the brain is to reduce inflammation. Harmful molecules around the brain can increase inflammation and damage neurons. In the long term, this increases the risk of neurodegenerative diseases like dementia. Sources of omega-3 fatty acids like salmon, nuts and seeds, and olive oil can reduce brain inflammation, support new brain cells, and help neurons communicate better with the rest of the body. Also, colorful fruits and vegetables provide the brain with antioxidants and vitamins that help to protect the brain.

B Vitamins, especially folate, are another superhero for brain health. They are shown to reduce the risk of dementia and slow cognitive decline. B vitamins are found in whole grains, legumes, nuts, leafy green vegetables, and eggs.

Another essential vitamin for brain health is Vitamin D, and a lack of it can cause issues with memory and thinking and increase the risk of dementia. Foods like salmon, tuna, fortified grains, and milk are high in Vitamin D. Also, at least 5 minutes of sunlight exposure each day allows the body to produce vitamin D from the food you eat.

Overall, an eating plan focusing on plenty of fruits and vegetables, moderate amounts of protein, and low amounts of saturated fat and sugar is best for optimizing brain health. This is known as the MIND diet, and it’s designed to reduce the risk of neurodegenerative diseases and slow cognitive decline. This eating approach combines the Mediterranean eating plan with the

Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH). The MIND eating plan focuses on foods that are associated with brain function like green leafy vegetables, nuts, berries, beans, whole grains, fish, poultry, and olive oil.

If you would like to learn more about the MIND diet, join the Cottonwood District and K-State 105 for Nourishing the Brain: Recommendations for Combating Neurodegenerative Diseases. This program will take place at the Great Bend Senior Center on November 20th at 1 pm.

It’s never too late to incorporate brain-boosting foods into your diet. Immediate and long-term benefits can be achieved by nourishing the brain!

Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1697546908793.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By KARISSA WINKEL Cottonwood Extension DistrictYou know that healthy foods are good for the body, but you may not consider the impact nutrition has on everyday tasks. A balanced diet can support brain functions including balance, posture, coordination, and breathing.As you know, the brain is complex. It’s the control system of the entire body, and it relies on a network of brain cells and neurons to communicate. The good news is that there are ways to nourish the brain to support cognitive capacity and protect it for years to come.One way to protect the brain is to reduce inflammation. Harmful molecules around the brain can increase inflammation and damage neurons. In the long term, this increases the risk of neurodegenerative diseases like dementia. Sources of omega-3 fatty acids like salmon, nuts and seeds, and olive oil can reduce brain inflammation, support new brain cells, and help neurons communicate better with the rest of the body. Also, colorful fruits and vegetables provide the brain with antioxidants and vitamins that help to protect the brain.B Vitamins, especially folate, are another superhero for brain health. They are shown to reduce the risk of dementia and slow cognitive decline. B vitamins are found in whole grains, legumes, nuts, leafy green vegetables, and eggs.Another essential vitamin for brain health is Vitamin D, and a lack of it can cause issues with memory and thinking and increase the risk of dementia. Foods like salmon, tuna, fortified grains, and milk are high in Vitamin D. Also, at least 5 minutes of sunlight exposure each day allows the body to produce vitamin D from the food you eat.Overall, an eating plan focusing on plenty of fruits and vegetables, moderate amounts of protein, and low amounts of saturated fat and sugar is best for optimizing brain health. This is known as the MIND diet, and it’s designed to reduce the risk of neurodegenerative diseases and slow cognitive decline. This eating approach combines the Mediterranean eating plan with theDietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH). The MIND eating plan focuses on foods that are associated with brain function like green leafy vegetables, nuts, berries, beans, whole grains, fish, poultry, and olive oil.If you would like to learn more about the MIND diet, join the Cottonwood District and K-State 105 for Nourishing the Brain: Recommendations for Combating Neurodegenerative Diseases. This program will take place at the Great Bend Senior Center on November 20th at 1 pm.It’s never too late to incorporate brain-boosting foods into your diet. Immediate and long-term benefits can be achieved by nourishing the brain!Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.

WINKEL: Nourishing the brain

By MICHELLE BERAN Cottonwood Extension District

The 4-H year runs from October 1 through September 30 of each year. Youth select projects in October or November and work on learning new skills, improving others, and participating in related leadership and community service throughout the year.

Celebrating involvement and accomplishments is an important and fun part of this process! About 80 4-H members and their families gathered on Sunday, November 3, to share a meal, good fellowship, and celebrate 4-H members.

A committee puts together the theme and decides on the meal. They did a great job this year to Level Up with 4-H, a video game themed event! One of the families provided roasters of soup while another took care of the desserts! It was a great way to begin the evening.

One of the hallmarks of 4-H is the focus on communication skills and leadership, and both were on display as 4-H Council officers Melody Braddy, Kassie Linsner, Ailey Williams, and Jonas Kern served as our emcees for the evening.

Each 4-H club has an opportunity to share about events they participated in and to showcase the awards for their club members. It is so much fun to see each club gather with their project awards for a group photo!

In addition, there are a few special awards presented. The Key Award is for 4-H members who have demonstrated outstanding contributions in leadership, citizenship, community service, demonstrations, judging and the holding of club and county offices. In short, it recognizes 4-H members who have lived up to the high ideals expressed by the 4-H Club Pledge. Jonas Kern received his Key Award as a 10-year member of the Ellinwood Energizers and is involved in a wide variety of project areas. In particular, he was recognized at the 2024 Emerald Circle banquet, held during Discovery Days, for having the Kansas 4-H Wildlife Project Record. He is a member of the Cottonwood 4-H2O Ambassadors and presents water educational information to a wide variety of audiences. He is an active member of Junior Leaders, 4-H Ambassadors, and the 4-H Livestock Committee and has held numerous offices in all of these organizations. He is a gracious leader who is willing to listen but keep the decision-making process moving forward.

The “I Dare You” Leadership award was first offered in 1941 by the late Williams H. Danforth, founder of the Ralston Purina company in St. Louis. He challenged young people to achieve their highest potential and to influence others through lives of service. The award inspired the book, “I Dare You” written by Danforth in which he encourages a balanced life of mental, physical, social, and spiritual development as the backbone of leadership. Ailey Williams, the first recipient holds multiple leadership roles in her club, Junior Leaders, and 4-H Council. In addition, she always shows up with a smile and a “can do” attitude for any task. Melody Braddy, the second recipient, also holds multiple leadership roles across our county and is a candidate for the Kansas Youth Leadership Council this year. Her creative spark is visible in many activities and projects. Both of these young women are incredibly involved in school activities in addition to 4-H yet show up and LEAD activities! I was particularly pleased to see their commitment and engagement the last couple of years as the Visual Arts superintendents. They had a short and sharp learning curve the first year but have gained much experience in the last two years!

Our final special awards are the Friends of 4-H. The first was presented to Shane and Hayley Dicks for their many years as Busy Buzzers club leaders and advisers for the 4-H Livestock Committee and 4-H Ambassadors. The second was presented to the family of the late Frank Ochs who was a 4-H champion and cheerleader to many 4-H families. His smile and jokes in the barn will be greatly missed but we look forward to many years of involvement by his family.

Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness.

Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668179445671.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By MICHELLE BERAN Cottonwood Extension DistrictThe 4-H year runs from October 1 through September 30 of each year. Youth select projects in October or November and work on learning new skills, improving others, and participating in related leadership and community service throughout the year.Celebrating involvement and accomplishments is an important and fun part of this process! About 80 4-H members and their families gathered on Sunday, November 3, to share a meal, good fellowship, and celebrate 4-H members.A committee puts together the theme and decides on the meal. They did a great job this year to Level Up with 4-H, a video game themed event! One of the families provided roasters of soup while another took care of the desserts! It was a great way to begin the evening.One of the hallmarks of 4-H is the focus on communication skills and leadership, and both were on display as 4-H Council officers Melody Braddy, Kassie Linsner, Ailey Williams, and Jonas Kern served as our emcees for the evening.Each 4-H club has an opportunity to share about events they participated in and to showcase the awards for their club members. It is so much fun to see each club gather with their project awards for a group photo!In addition, there are a few special awards presented. The Key Award is for 4-H members who have demonstrated outstanding contributions in leadership, citizenship, community service, demonstrations, judging and the holding of club and county offices. In short, it recognizes 4-H members who have lived up to the high ideals expressed by the 4-H Club Pledge. Jonas Kern received his Key Award as a 10-year member of the Ellinwood Energizers and is involved in a wide variety of project areas. In particular, he was recognized at the 2024 Emerald Circle banquet, held during Discovery Days, for having the Kansas 4-H Wildlife Project Record. He is a member of the Cottonwood 4-H2O Ambassadors and presents water educational information to a wide variety of audiences. He is an active member of Junior Leaders, 4-H Ambassadors, and the 4-H Livestock Committee and has held numerous offices in all of these organizations. He is a gracious leader who is willing to listen but keep the decision-making process moving forward.The “I Dare You” Leadership award was first offered in 1941 by the late Williams H. Danforth, founder of the Ralston Purina company in St. Louis. He challenged young people to achieve their highest potential and to influence others through lives of service. The award inspired the book, “I Dare You” written by Danforth in which he encourages a balanced life of mental, physical, social, and spiritual development as the backbone of leadership. Ailey Williams, the first recipient holds multiple leadership roles in her club, Junior Leaders, and 4-H Council. In addition, she always shows up with a smile and a “can do” attitude for any task. Melody Braddy, the second recipient, also holds multiple leadership roles across our county and is a candidate for the Kansas Youth Leadership Council this year. Her creative spark is visible in many activities and projects. Both of these young women are incredibly involved in school activities in addition to 4-H yet show up and LEAD activities! I was particularly pleased to see their commitment and engagement the last couple of years as the Visual Arts superintendents. They had a short and sharp learning curve the first year but have gained much experience in the last two years!Our final special awards are the Friends of 4-H. The first was presented to Shane and Hayley Dicks for their many years as Busy Buzzers club leaders and advisers for the 4-H Livestock Committee and 4-H Ambassadors. The second was presented to the family of the late Frank Ochs who was a 4-H champion and cheerleader to many 4-H families. His smile and jokes in the barn will be greatly missed but we look forward to many years of involvement by his family.Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness.Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910.

BERAN: Celebrating achievements

By MONIQUE KOERNER Cottonwood Extension District

Living Well Wednesday is a virtual learning series hosted by K-State Research and Extension, Family and Consumer Sciences (FCS) professionals from across the state of Kansas. Webinars will be offered the second Wednesday of most months, from 12:10-1 pm. There is no charge to participate, however, registration is required.

Our next webinar is scheduled for November 13, 2024. Fall Proof Your Life: A Guide to Better Balance will be presented by Erin Martinez, PhD, Extension Adult Development and Aging Specialist. She will help you discover practical tips and exercises to improve your balance, reduce risk of falls, and help you live a more independent and active life. Visit our website to learn more: https://www.ksre.k-state.edu/fcs/livingwellwed/ and register for the free Living Well Wednesday webinar series at: bit.ly/3zvWWGQ

All webinars will be recorded and a link, along with supporting resources, will be included on the Living Well Website: https://www.ksre.k-state.edu/fcs/livingwellwed/

Those who register will also receive a follow-up email with the link to the recorded presentation and the supporting resources.

Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522152076.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By MONIQUE KOERNER Cottonwood Extension DistrictLiving Well Wednesday is a virtual learning series hosted by K-State Research and Extension, Family and Consumer Sciences (FCS) professionals from across the state of Kansas. Webinars will be offered the second Wednesday of most months, from 12:10-1 pm. There is no charge to participate, however, registration is required.Our next webinar is scheduled for November 13, 2024. Fall Proof Your Life: A Guide to Better Balance will be presented by Erin Martinez, PhD, Extension Adult Development and Aging Specialist. She will help you discover practical tips and exercises to improve your balance, reduce risk of falls, and help you live a more independent and active life. Visit our website to learn more: https://www.ksre.k-state.edu/fcs/livingwellwed/ and register for the free Living Well Wednesday webinar series at: bit.ly/3zvWWGQAll webinars will be recorded and a link, along with supporting resources, will be included on the Living Well Website: https://www.ksre.k-state.edu/fcs/livingwellwed/Those who register will also receive a follow-up email with the link to the recorded presentation and the supporting resources.Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu.

KOERNER: Living Well Wednesday

By STEVE GILLILAND Exploring Kansas Outdoors

Our raised deer blind sits on family land just a stone’s throw away from the property line, and each year as I sit and stare over into the neighboring property, I’m reminded of this deer harvest several years back.

The glowing full moon that had bathed the land in orange for two nights in a row was quickly fading and the pink light of morning was struggling to emerge from behind a bank of clouds when the deer began to appear. Like tawny ghosts they silently slipped, one at a time from the tall grass and weeds of the neighbor’s overgrown pasture that concealed them so well. The first two deer to show themselves were mature does, then tagging along were 3 little does we had seen often and figured to be this year’s fawns and maybe even siblings. They were all a little nervous that morning and headed quickly away from our blind toward a nearby open wheat field. Out of the corner of my eye I saw antlers appear from the same spot at the edge of the grassy pasture and a young 6-point buck stepped into view. I should have let him come out a bit farther into the open, but I was afraid he too would be spooky and run, so I put the scope crosshairs just behind his shoulder and shot. He spun and disappeared across the corner of the pasture.

I’ve never put much stock in hunting deer according to moon phases, but I remember that both that day and the day before were rated by the moon phase hunting calendar as “Best” and the previous morning Joyce and I had seen more deer in 5 minutes than in the last 7 days combined; one young buck had even found his way into our freezer via my wife’s invitation, so my interest in the subject was piqued. I still had my tag to fill, so that morning, there I was in the blind, bright and early, awaiting to see what a second day in a row rated as “Best” by the moon sign hunting calendar would offer.

It took only a short while to find my buck, the problem was that the dead deer was completely landlocked because of a deep creek that snaked its way like a tangled garden hose all through the pasture. He had managed to cross the steep-sided creek bed and wound up on the other side. It would be impossible to drag him back across the creek, and going the other direction would mean dragging his carcass a couple hundred yards to a fence I couldn’t get him across when I got there. The landowner has been clearing the trees from the pasture, so stacks of brush and piles of thorny trees and limbs were everywhere. No vehicle of any sort

with rubber tires would stand a chance among all the thorny brush. I cleaned the deer, walked out to my truck and drove around the corner to the landowner’s house in search of options.

Turns out, to help clear the brush, the landowner used a Bobcat skid loader on hard rubber tracks, the perfect tool for “packing-out” my deer. Deer had been playing havoc with his electric fences, so he was glad to help me remove one of his “trouble-makers.” Because of a steep hill and downed tree limbs and brush, it took the farmer awhile to figure a way back to where the deer lay. Once we were past those obstacles, I walked ahead and guided him as he maneuvered the skid loader around stacks of cut trees and limbs, occasionally having to stop long enough to push brush and overhanging limbs from his path. Finally, with the deer laid across the pallet he’d carried in on the forks, we retraced our winding path back and deposited the deer in the back of my truck.

If not for the help of the landowner and his skid loader on tracks, I might still be wondering that overgrown pasture dragging that deer carcass and looking for a way out. A Bobcat skid loader, forks and a pallet; that’s what I call packin’ out a deer Kansas style! Continue to Explore Kansas Outdoors.

Steve can be contacted by email at stevenrgilliland@gmail.com.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574696211722.png" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By STEVE GILLILAND Exploring Kansas OutdoorsOur raised deer blind sits on family land just a stone’s throw away from the property line, and each year as I sit and stare over into the neighboring property, I’m reminded of this deer harvest several years back.The glowing full moon that had bathed the land in orange for two nights in a row was quickly fading and the pink light of morning was struggling to emerge from behind a bank of clouds when the deer began to appear. Like tawny ghosts they silently slipped, one at a time from the tall grass and weeds of the neighbor’s overgrown pasture that concealed them so well. The first two deer to show themselves were mature does, then tagging along were 3 little does we had seen often and figured to be this year’s fawns and maybe even siblings. They were all a little nervous that morning and headed quickly away from our blind toward a nearby open wheat field. Out of the corner of my eye I saw antlers appear from the same spot at the edge of the grassy pasture and a young 6-point buck stepped into view. I should have let him come out a bit farther into the open, but I was afraid he too would be spooky and run, so I put the scope crosshairs just behind his shoulder and shot. He spun and disappeared across the corner of the pasture.I’ve never put much stock in hunting deer according to moon phases, but I remember that both that day and the day before were rated by the moon phase hunting calendar as “Best” and the previous morning Joyce and I had seen more deer in 5 minutes than in the last 7 days combined; one young buck had even found his way into our freezer via my wife’s invitation, so my interest in the subject was piqued. I still had my tag to fill, so that morning, there I was in the blind, bright and early, awaiting to see what a second day in a row rated as “Best” by the moon sign hunting calendar would offer.It took only a short while to find my buck, the problem was that the dead deer was completely landlocked because of a deep creek that snaked its way like a tangled garden hose all through the pasture. He had managed to cross the steep-sided creek bed and wound up on the other side. It would be impossible to drag him back across the creek, and going the other direction would mean dragging his carcass a couple hundred yards to a fence I couldn’t get him across when I got there. The landowner has been clearing the trees from the pasture, so stacks of brush and piles of thorny trees and limbs were everywhere. No vehicle of any sortwith rubber tires would stand a chance among all the thorny brush. I cleaned the deer, walked out to my truck and drove around the corner to the landowner’s house in search of options.Turns out, to help clear the brush, the landowner used a Bobcat skid loader on hard rubber tracks, the perfect tool for “packing-out” my deer. Deer had been playing havoc with his electric fences, so he was glad to help me remove one of his “trouble-makers.” Because of a steep hill and downed tree limbs and brush, it took the farmer awhile to figure a way back to where the deer lay. Once we were past those obstacles, I walked ahead and guided him as he maneuvered the skid loader around stacks of cut trees and limbs, occasionally having to stop long enough to push brush and overhanging limbs from his path. Finally, with the deer laid across the pallet he’d carried in on the forks, we retraced our winding path back and deposited the deer in the back of my truck.If not for the help of the landowner and his skid loader on tracks, I might still be wondering that overgrown pasture dragging that deer carcass and looking for a way out. A Bobcat skid loader, forks and a pallet; that’s what I call packin’ out a deer Kansas style! Continue to Explore Kansas Outdoors.Steve can be contacted by email at stevenrgilliland@gmail.com.

Exploring Kansas Outdoors: Packin’ out a deer Kansas style

By BRIANNE HEIDBREDER Insight Kansas

The 2024 election results in Kansas demonstrate that the state’s conservative foundation remains firmly intact, with Republicans holding onto important state and federal offices. However, a recent&nbsp;<a href="https://www.fhsu.edu/docking/Kansas-Speaks/2024-kansas-speaks-report-finalv3-corrections-10.28.24-execsum-final-bullet-and-10.31.24-appendix-c-crosstabs-table-17-title.pdf">survey</a>, Kansas Speaks, conducted by the Docking Institute of Public Affairs at Fort Hays State University, shows a more nuanced and complex reality.

Despite recent buzz that the presidential race could be tighter, Republicans held strong up and down the ballot. At the state level, they held onto their supermajority in the Kansas Legislature, giving them considerable influence over key issues like taxes, education, and healthcare. This puts them on a collision course with Democratic Governor Laura Kelly, who may find it harder to push back against their agenda, as Republicans will likely have enough votes to override any vetoes she might try to use to block their bills.

Interestingly, the Docking Institute’s survey shows that more Kansans approve of Governor Kelly’s job performance than disapprove, creating an interesting dynamic as she navigates working with a legislature that holds such a strong Republican majority.

On the national front, Kansas’s congressional delegation remains predominantly Republican, with the notable exception of Democratic Representative Sharice Davids in the 3rd District. And since no U.S. Senate seats were up for election this year, the state’s U.S. Senate seats will stay in Republican hands.

Economic concerns clearly weighed heavily on voters, according to the survey. Over half of respondents (51.2%) said inflation had greatly affected their families, and nearly 43% expressed concern about economic threats to their well-being.

President Biden’s low approval ratings in the state, coupled with economic frustrations, likely helped Donald Trump, who won Kansas by a wide margin, continuing a long tradition of Republican victories in presidential races here. In fact, Trump’s margin of victory in 2024 closely mirrors his 2020 performance, indicating his electoral fortunes were not hurt despite being embroiled in legal and political scandals over the last four years.

However, when it comes to some social issues, Kansans appear to be moving in a different direction. In the Docking Institute’s survey, 65.4% of respondents agreed that women, not politicians, should decide whether to have an abortion, and over half (54.9%) said the government should not impose any restrictions on abortion access.

This is in line with the decisive vote in August 2022, when Kansans rejected a proposed constitutional amendment that would have removed abortion protections. These results suggest that Kansans are willing to break with conservative positions on certain issues, particularly when it comes to personal freedoms.

With a combination of traditional conservative values and an emerging independent streak on key issues, Kansas seems to be heading toward a more dynamic political landscape. While the state’s conservative foundation remains strong, the growing diversity of opinions suggests that Kansas’s political future may be more fluid and open to new perspectives than it has been in the past.

Brianne Heidbreder, PhD is an Associate Professor of Political Science at Kansas State University.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/3/1678375743023.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By BRIANNE HEIDBREDER Insight KansasThe 2024 election results in Kansas demonstrate that the state’s conservative foundation remains firmly intact, with Republicans holding onto important state and federal offices. However, a recent&nbsp;<a href="https://www.fhsu.edu/docking/Kansas-Speaks/2024-kansas-speaks-report-finalv3-corrections-10.28.24-execsum-final-bullet-and-10.31.24-appendix-c-crosstabs-table-17-title.pdf">survey</a>, Kansas Speaks, conducted by the Docking Institute of Public Affairs at Fort Hays State University, shows a more nuanced and complex reality.Despite recent buzz that the presidential race could be tighter, Republicans held strong up and down the ballot. At the state level, they held onto their supermajority in the Kansas Legislature, giving them considerable influence over key issues like taxes, education, and healthcare. This puts them on a collision course with Democratic Governor Laura Kelly, who may find it harder to push back against their agenda, as Republicans will likely have enough votes to override any vetoes she might try to use to block their bills.Interestingly, the Docking Institute’s survey shows that more Kansans approve of Governor Kelly’s job performance than disapprove, creating an interesting dynamic as she navigates working with a legislature that holds such a strong Republican majority.On the national front, Kansas’s congressional delegation remains predominantly Republican, with the notable exception of Democratic Representative Sharice Davids in the 3rd District. And since no U.S. Senate seats were up for election this year, the state’s U.S. Senate seats will stay in Republican hands.Economic concerns clearly weighed heavily on voters, according to the survey. Over half of respondents (51.2%) said inflation had greatly affected their families, and nearly 43% expressed concern about economic threats to their well-being.President Biden’s low approval ratings in the state, coupled with economic frustrations, likely helped Donald Trump, who won Kansas by a wide margin, continuing a long tradition of Republican victories in presidential races here. In fact, Trump’s margin of victory in 2024 closely mirrors his 2020 performance, indicating his electoral fortunes were not hurt despite being embroiled in legal and political scandals over the last four years.However, when it comes to some social issues, Kansans appear to be moving in a different direction. In the Docking Institute’s survey, 65.4% of respondents agreed that women, not politicians, should decide whether to have an abortion, and over half (54.9%) said the government should not impose any restrictions on abortion access.This is in line with the decisive vote in August 2022, when Kansans rejected a proposed constitutional amendment that would have removed abortion protections. These results suggest that Kansans are willing to break with conservative positions on certain issues, particularly when it comes to personal freedoms.With a combination of traditional conservative values and an emerging independent streak on key issues, Kansas seems to be heading toward a more dynamic political landscape. While the state’s conservative foundation remains strong, the growing diversity of opinions suggests that Kansas’s political future may be more fluid and open to new perspectives than it has been in the past.Brianne Heidbreder, PhD is an Associate Professor of Political Science at Kansas State University.

INSIGHT KANSAS: The case for same-day voter registration

Kansas State University agronomists have tapped the powerful world of digital technology to make more than four decades worth of crop information almost instantly available to farmers via their phones or home computers. Cropping systems agronomist Ignacio Ciampitti and the director for research for the Institute of Digital Agriculture and Advanced Analytics (ID3A), says this new site means that yield and other valuable information may now be available within hours of university researchers harvesting crops from Kansas fields. Farmers decide what hybrids to plant the following year during or right after this year’s harvest. A problem we’ve had in the past is that the results of K-State’s crop performance tests have not been made available for two or three months until data was processed and all publications were printed. There was a need to transform how the data was shared so that the information is available immediately, easier for farmers to digest, and more visual.

The Kansas State University Institute of Digital Agriculture and Advanced Analytics, integrated with Dr. Ciampitti’s research lab (led by Pedro Cisdeli), has created a website called Analysis and Visualization of Crop Yield Trials – or AVYield – that will pack 40 years of K-State crop performance tests and other information into easy-to-read formats for farmers. The online tool is located at https://www.avyield.com. Jane Lingenfelser, an assistant agronomist and coordinator of the university’s crop performance tests each year, said she routinely advises producers to research as many data sources as possible when making decisions on crop varieties to plant. But we haven’t provided the tools for them to do that fully until now. There’s no cost or risk to researching all production options. Using this new tool, switching between crops in a specific growing location is very easy. For example, it is possible to immediately see how canola performed overall and which hybrid performed the best in south central Kansas, without devoting the land or expense to a new enterprise.

K-State’s database makes more than 40 years of data available for most crops – including canola, corn, sorghum, soybean, sunflower, and wheat. With a few on-screen clicks, farmers can find information based on variety, rainfed versus irrigated production, and geographic location within the state. This online resource is available at no cost to producers and researchers.

K-State canola breeder Mike Stamm has also made available the results of the National Winter Canola Variety trials, which his program coordinates at 30 locations in the United States. The collection dates back to the mid-1990s. “We live in an information-rich society, and we are used

to having the information immediately available,” Stamm said. “Sometimes, some of the most important work we do is not readily available because it takes time to analyze, write, review, and publish. We still need to publish our results, to show progress in our programs…but easier and more immediate access to the results will drive impact on our farms.” Kansas Corn provided funding to build AVYield, in collaboration with the Institute of Digital Agriculture and Advanced Analytics, which was introduced in late September during Celebrate Ag Day at K-State’s home football game against Oklahoma State.

“We are one of the first groups in the country to introduce these types of tools,” Ciampitti said. “The beauty of it is that much of the research information we produce related to crop production doesn’t take too long to get to farmers. Now, they can make their final decisions on planting crops based on information and visualization coming from this tool.”

Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By STACY CAMPBELL Cottonwood Extension DistrictKansas State University agronomists have tapped the powerful world of digital technology to make more than four decades worth of crop information almost instantly available to farmers via their phones or home computers. Cropping systems agronomist Ignacio Ciampitti and the director for research for the Institute of Digital Agriculture and Advanced Analytics (ID3A), says this new site means that yield and other valuable information may now be available within hours of university researchers harvesting crops from Kansas fields. Farmers decide what hybrids to plant the following year during or right after this year’s harvest. A problem we’ve had in the past is that the results of K-State’s crop performance tests have not been made available for two or three months until data was processed and all publications were printed. There was a need to transform how the data was shared so that the information is available immediately, easier for farmers to digest, and more visual.The Kansas State University Institute of Digital Agriculture and Advanced Analytics, integrated with Dr. Ciampitti’s research lab (led by Pedro Cisdeli), has created a website called Analysis and Visualization of Crop Yield Trials – or AVYield – that will pack 40 years of K-State crop performance tests and other information into easy-to-read formats for farmers. The online tool is located at https://www.avyield.com. Jane Lingenfelser, an assistant agronomist and coordinator of the university’s crop performance tests each year, said she routinely advises producers to research as many data sources as possible when making decisions on crop varieties to plant. But we haven’t provided the tools for them to do that fully until now. There’s no cost or risk to researching all production options. Using this new tool, switching between crops in a specific growing location is very easy. For example, it is possible to immediately see how canola performed overall and which hybrid performed the best in south central Kansas, without devoting the land or expense to a new enterprise.K-State’s database makes more than 40 years of data available for most crops – including canola, corn, sorghum, soybean, sunflower, and wheat. With a few on-screen clicks, farmers can find information based on variety, rainfed versus irrigated production, and geographic location within the state. This online resource is available at no cost to producers and researchers.K-State canola breeder Mike Stamm has also made available the results of the National Winter Canola Variety trials, which his program coordinates at 30 locations in the United States. The collection dates back to the mid-1990s. “We live in an information-rich society, and we are usedto having the information immediately available,” Stamm said. “Sometimes, some of the most important work we do is not readily available because it takes time to analyze, write, review, and publish. We still need to publish our results, to show progress in our programs…but easier and more immediate access to the results will drive impact on our farms.” Kansas Corn provided funding to build AVYield, in collaboration with the Institute of Digital Agriculture and Advanced Analytics, which was introduced in late September during Celebrate Ag Day at K-State’s home football game against Oklahoma State.“We are one of the first groups in the country to introduce these types of tools,” Ciampitti said. “The beauty of it is that much of the research information we produce related to crop production doesn’t take too long to get to farmers. Now, they can make their final decisions on planting crops based on information and visualization coming from this tool.”Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: K-State launches site to make crop performance data more quickly available to farmers

By TISA MASON Fort Hays State University President

On November 8th of each year, college campuses nationwide celebrate the resilience and determination of first-generation college students. The First-Generation College Celebration marks the anniversary of the signing of the 1965 Higher Education Act, which has helped millions of first-generation students fulfill their dream of earning a college education. Many first-generation students are trailblazers in their families, and one key characteristic of this group of students is the persistence they bring to overcoming challenges, creating their own pathways to knowledge, and seizing control of their destiny.

This year, at Fort Hays State University (FHSU), on November 7th, from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m., we hosted a come-and-go event to celebrate our first-generation students, faculty, and staff. Those who stopped received a complimentary FHSU First Gen t-shirt. In addition to snacks, activities included a photo booth, first-gen trivia, and first-gen word search.

Key first-gen recruitment and retention strategies at FHSU center on critical investments, including the Access to Academic Opportunity Grant (AAOG) and the First-to-Finish Living and Learning Community. The AAOG grant aims to navigate the financial barriers that many of these students face. However, the grant is not only about funding; it also emphasizes mentorship. The idea is to create a robust support system where seasoned upper-level students and alumni guide newcomers, sharing insights that could ease their transition to higher education. Stories from last year indicate a rising tide of peer support networks that continue to form within FHSU and the growing sense of community among first-generation students.

First-to-Finish Living and Learning Community (LLC) students live together in Victor E. Village and take classes together. Fall semester classes include a student success class and a leadership class titled Discovering Leadership. The LLC focuses on helping the students grow in their leadership capacity by focusing on the CORE (confidence, optimism, resilience, and engagement) leadership model. The class helps students learn about the knowledge, skills, and attitudes associated with their leadership development.

“It has been amazing to watch these students flourish at FHSU. From the welcome weekend until now, you can tell they have the confidence to ask for help when needed, find their stride, and grow in the FHSU pride. I believe this success is due to many faculty and staff at the university supporting these students and helping them find the resources they need to be successful,” shared Jaden Rahe, director of student engagement.

Ashton Dawley is an excellent example of how our first-generation students are making the most of their college experience. He has taken advantage of opportunities in the ceramics department, enabling him to work with renowned artists and practice ceramic techniques that are highly complex. Ashton is exceptionally talented. Given his experience at FHSU thus far, Ashton has decided to become a college professor. He is focused on being the first in his family to earn a bachelor’s degree and then a master’s and doctorate.

Our student affairs professionals are committed to driving institutional transformation by enhancing academic and co-curricular opportunities for first-generation students. Our team

participates in several state and national events dedicated to advancing the first-generation college student experience.

In the spring, First-to-Finish and first-generation FHSU students get to attend the annual Ad Astra First Generation Conference on a Kansas college campus. This conference brings first-generation students from universities and high schools across Kansas together for a shared experience with the desired outcome of improved persistence to graduation and a better-prepared Kansas workforce.

Another cornerstone element of FHSU’s first-generation college student initiative involves collaborating with NASPA’s FirstGen Forward program. This is a nationwide network dedicated to championing first-generation students. The FirstGen Forward Network features best practices and insights that can help institutions like FHSU better serve their first-gen populations.

The term “first-generation” often sparks conversations about privilege and access, touching on the shifting demographics of students entering higher education. As tuition costs continue to rise and the demand for a skilled workforce grows, the implications of supporting first-generation students have never been more significant. As a regional public university, Fort Hays State University has always focused on access and has a long history of supporting a wide demographic of first-generation students.

Stories from these students reveal a nuanced landscape of aspirations, anxieties, and resilience. These students may not have access to the kind of college guidance many peers take for granted. Yet, they enter the halls of academia with dreams that often depend not just on their success in college but also on the prosperity of their families and communities.

The data surrounding first-generation college success is telling. Research has shown that first-gen students often experience higher dropout rates than their peers. While numerous barriers exist – financial stressors, lack of familial support in navigating college life, and unfamiliarity with the academic culture – universities like FHSU focus on structural changes to improve these metrics. With the launch of the FirstGen Forward initiatives, institutions are equipped to analyze and implement strategies that truly enhance the first-generation college experience, embracing and leveraging the struggles and strengths of these students.

In a world that often emphasizes individual success, the narrative of first-generation college students serves as a powerful reminder of the strength found in community and collective perseverance. Each story unravels a tapestry of hope, determination, and shared dreams, culminating on this special day of recognition on November 8. FHSU students like Ashton and countless others embody the spirit of being first-generation: they challenge the status quo and redefine success for themselves and their families.

Ultimately, the real success of FHSU's endeavors will be seen in our enrollment and job placement numbers, familial pride, and stories we tell about the bright futures that await students like Ashton. Each degree conferred will be more than an institutional data point; it will be a testament to the sacrifices and barriers overcome. As FHSU and similar institutions continue to invest in first-generation initiatives, the vision is clear: create a future where today's first-generation student inspires the next generation of leaders, dreamers, and pioneers to follow their paths to the promise of higher education and a brighter tomorrow.

This commitment to first-generation students is not just about celebrating a demographic but crafting a narrative of success, empowerment, and unwavering support. It’s about the

community that rallies around these students, inspiring hope and igniting dreams that extend far beyond the classroom walls. Together, through targeted first-generation strategies, universities like Fort Hays State are laying the groundwork for an inclusive educational landscape—where every student can thrive and succeed, regardless of their background.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/12/1575301942236.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By TISA MASON Fort Hays State University PresidentOn November 8th of each year, college campuses nationwide celebrate the resilience and determination of first-generation college students. The First-Generation College Celebration marks the anniversary of the signing of the 1965 Higher Education Act, which has helped millions of first-generation students fulfill their dream of earning a college education. Many first-generation students are trailblazers in their families, and one key characteristic of this group of students is the persistence they bring to overcoming challenges, creating their own pathways to knowledge, and seizing control of their destiny.This year, at Fort Hays State University (FHSU), on November 7th, from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m., we hosted a come-and-go event to celebrate our first-generation students, faculty, and staff. Those who stopped received a complimentary FHSU First Gen t-shirt. In addition to snacks, activities included a photo booth, first-gen trivia, and first-gen word search.Key first-gen recruitment and retention strategies at FHSU center on critical investments, including the Access to Academic Opportunity Grant (AAOG) and the First-to-Finish Living and Learning Community. The AAOG grant aims to navigate the financial barriers that many of these students face. However, the grant is not only about funding; it also emphasizes mentorship. The idea is to create a robust support system where seasoned upper-level students and alumni guide newcomers, sharing insights that could ease their transition to higher education. Stories from last year indicate a rising tide of peer support networks that continue to form within FHSU and the growing sense of community among first-generation students.First-to-Finish Living and Learning Community (LLC) students live together in Victor E. Village and take classes together. Fall semester classes include a student success class and a leadership class titled Discovering Leadership. The LLC focuses on helping the students grow in their leadership capacity by focusing on the CORE (confidence, optimism, resilience, and engagement) leadership model. The class helps students learn about the knowledge, skills, and attitudes associated with their leadership development.“It has been amazing to watch these students flourish at FHSU. From the welcome weekend until now, you can tell they have the confidence to ask for help when needed, find their stride, and grow in the FHSU pride. I believe this success is due to many faculty and staff at the university supporting these students and helping them find the resources they need to be successful,” shared Jaden Rahe, director of student engagement.Ashton Dawley is an excellent example of how our first-generation students are making the most of their college experience. He has taken advantage of opportunities in the ceramics department, enabling him to work with renowned artists and practice ceramic techniques that are highly complex. Ashton is exceptionally talented. Given his experience at FHSU thus far, Ashton has decided to become a college professor. He is focused on being the first in his family to earn a bachelor’s degree and then a master’s and doctorate.Our student affairs professionals are committed to driving institutional transformation by enhancing academic and co-curricular opportunities for first-generation students. Our teamparticipates in several state and national events dedicated to advancing the first-generation college student experience.In the spring, First-to-Finish and first-generation FHSU students get to attend the annual Ad Astra First Generation Conference on a Kansas college campus. This conference brings first-generation students from universities and high schools across Kansas together for a shared experience with the desired outcome of improved persistence to graduation and a better-prepared Kansas workforce.Another cornerstone element of FHSU’s first-generation college student initiative involves collaborating with NASPA’s FirstGen Forward program. This is a nationwide network dedicated to championing first-generation students. The FirstGen Forward Network features best practices and insights that can help institutions like FHSU better serve their first-gen populations.The term “first-generation” often sparks conversations about privilege and access, touching on the shifting demographics of students entering higher education. As tuition costs continue to rise and the demand for a skilled workforce grows, the implications of supporting first-generation students have never been more significant. As a regional public university, Fort Hays State University has always focused on access and has a long history of supporting a wide demographic of first-generation students.Stories from these students reveal a nuanced landscape of aspirations, anxieties, and resilience. These students may not have access to the kind of college guidance many peers take for granted. Yet, they enter the halls of academia with dreams that often depend not just on their success in college but also on the prosperity of their families and communities.The data surrounding first-generation college success is telling. Research has shown that first-gen students often experience higher dropout rates than their peers. While numerous barriers exist – financial stressors, lack of familial support in navigating college life, and unfamiliarity with the academic culture – universities like FHSU focus on structural changes to improve these metrics. With the launch of the FirstGen Forward initiatives, institutions are equipped to analyze and implement strategies that truly enhance the first-generation college experience, embracing and leveraging the struggles and strengths of these students.In a world that often emphasizes individual success, the narrative of first-generation college students serves as a powerful reminder of the strength found in community and collective perseverance. Each story unravels a tapestry of hope, determination, and shared dreams, culminating on this special day of recognition on November 8. FHSU students like Ashton and countless others embody the spirit of being first-generation: they challenge the status quo and redefine success for themselves and their families.Ultimately, the real success of FHSU's endeavors will be seen in our enrollment and job placement numbers, familial pride, and stories we tell about the bright futures that await students like Ashton. Each degree conferred will be more than an institutional data point; it will be a testament to the sacrifices and barriers overcome. As FHSU and similar institutions continue to invest in first-generation initiatives, the vision is clear: create a future where today's first-generation student inspires the next generation of leaders, dreamers, and pioneers to follow their paths to the promise of higher education and a brighter tomorrow.This commitment to first-generation students is not just about celebrating a demographic but crafting a narrative of success, empowerment, and unwavering support. It’s about thecommunity that rallies around these students, inspiring hope and igniting dreams that extend far beyond the classroom walls. Together, through targeted first-generation strategies, universities like Fort Hays State are laying the groundwork for an inclusive educational landscape—where every student can thrive and succeed, regardless of their background.

Heart of a Tiger: FHSU’s work to enhance the first-generation student experience

From the first time I visited a relative who owned hens and gathered eggs, I wanted to live in the country and raise chickens. That dream came true when I fell in love with a man who also liked rural living and fresh eggs. My mother-in-law gifted us a flock of leghorns, and poof--I was a chicken lady!

Over decades, we’ve raised Easter eggers, Plymouth Rocks, Buff Orpingtons, and now ISO browns, learning that white-eared chickens lay white eggs, red-eared hens brown, and funny-eared ones pink, blue, and green. Years raising chickens has provided info nuggets about this creature scientists identify as the closest living relative to a T Rex.

Chicken keepers aka tenders know their birds are smart. It’s time others learned too. As a kid, I marveled at a hen at Knott’s Berry Farm playing tunes on a tiny piano. While I never had the patience to teach our girls this trick, they know their daily snack schedule and line up at 8 a.m. for fresh veggies and again at noon for mealy worms. If delivery runs late, they tattle to the neighborhood. They even know when I hunt grasshoppers and wait impatiently to gobble crunchy treats.

I always suspected my chickens had their own language. Research confirms this. They make at least 30 different sounds and combine those for scores of purposes. Though we no longer have broody hens, I loved listening to mommas talking to eggs incubating beneath them and later to their fluffball chicks. Once those peeps matured enough mom could take them on a walkabout, I’d hear her instructing them about where to forage and what to eat. While studying chickens, I learned hens teach their young to drink. Now, I have to figure out what chicken noise means “Salud.”

Not only can chickens talk to one another and their developing chicks, they have better vision than humans. They see more clearly, in more colors, and according to one source, each eye has its own job—the right sees food and near objects while the left focuses on distances and danger. No wonder I can’t sneak up on the wily boogers. Another site stated that they see ultra violet light as well, which aids them in determining chick and egg health. That might explain how hens know to roll bad eggs out of nests. Why waste energy on a defective egg? Several sites state that chickens recognize at least 100 faces. For sure, our girls know who’s who at our house.

They confirmed this recently when the hubs left town on a long hunting trip. They laid their normal number of eggs on day 1 and 2. Production then dwindled from 4 to 3 to 2 and finally to 1 before he returned. Once he delivered their morning greens, we gathered the normal 4 eggs a day. Although I delivered treats on schedule, they missed seeing him!

After spending decades with chickens, I’ve decided a T-Rex for a pet might be okay. If they act anything like their miniature descendants, they’d make us laugh every day. However, those eggs would be doozers. Not sure I own a big enough skillet. As for cleaning the pen—yech!

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2024/11/1730912870720.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By KAREN MADORINFrom the first time I visited a relative who owned hens and gathered eggs, I wanted to live in the country and raise chickens. That dream came true when I fell in love with a man who also liked rural living and fresh eggs. My mother-in-law gifted us a flock of leghorns, and poof--I was a chicken lady!Over decades, we’ve raised Easter eggers, Plymouth Rocks, Buff Orpingtons, and now ISO browns, learning that white-eared chickens lay white eggs, red-eared hens brown, and funny-eared ones pink, blue, and green. Years raising chickens has provided info nuggets about this creature scientists identify as the closest living relative to a T Rex.Chicken keepers aka tenders know their birds are smart. It’s time others learned too. As a kid, I marveled at a hen at Knott’s Berry Farm playing tunes on a tiny piano. While I never had the patience to teach our girls this trick, they know their daily snack schedule and line up at 8 a.m. for fresh veggies and again at noon for mealy worms. If delivery runs late, they tattle to the neighborhood. They even know when I hunt grasshoppers and wait impatiently to gobble crunchy treats.I always suspected my chickens had their own language. Research confirms this. They make at least 30 different sounds and combine those for scores of purposes. Though we no longer have broody hens, I loved listening to mommas talking to eggs incubating beneath them and later to their fluffball chicks. Once those peeps matured enough mom could take them on a walkabout, I’d hear her instructing them about where to forage and what to eat. While studying chickens, I learned hens teach their young to drink. Now, I have to figure out what chicken noise means “Salud.”Not only can chickens talk to one another and their developing chicks, they have better vision than humans. They see more clearly, in more colors, and according to one source, each eye has its own job—the right sees food and near objects while the left focuses on distances and danger. No wonder I can’t sneak up on the wily boogers. Another site stated that they see ultra violet light as well, which aids them in determining chick and egg health. That might explain how hens know to roll bad eggs out of nests. Why waste energy on a defective egg? Several sites state that chickens recognize at least 100 faces. For sure, our girls know who’s who at our house.They confirmed this recently when the hubs left town on a long hunting trip. They laid their normal number of eggs on day 1 and 2. Production then dwindled from 4 to 3 to 2 and finally to 1 before he returned. Once he delivered their morning greens, we gathered the normal 4 eggs a day. Although I delivered treats on schedule, they missed seeing him!After spending decades with chickens, I’ve decided a T-Rex for a pet might be okay. If they act anything like their miniature descendants, they’d make us laugh every day. However, those eggs would be doozers. Not sure I own a big enough skillet. As for cleaning the pen—yech!

MADORIN: Chicken nuggets

By ALICIA BOOR Cottonwood Extension District

Fall is a wonderful season for agriculture and a time to, hopefully, reap the bounty of the year’s production. If producers have access to crop residue fields following grain harvest, then preparing to turn cattle out to graze such acres is one task that deserves to be near the top of the priority list. Grain sorghum represents an excellent opportunity to extend the grazing season. However, there are several important management considerations that need to be kept in mind with grazing sorghum residue.

Understandably, the absence of fences and water sources is one of the biggest limitations for residue grazing. Many acres are grown in rain-fed systems in which sourcing water from an irrigation well is not possible. Likewise, hauling water long distances is usually not practical. However, if water can be supplied and temporary fences put up, then grazing sorghum residues is usually economical. A single strand of electric fence can work quite well for keeping cows contained, while 2 or more strands may be needed for small calves.

Unlike actively growing forages, both the quantity and quality of residue available for grazing will be highest immediately following harvest and will steadily decline over time due to weathering, trampling, and consumption by cattle. Regarding forage quantity, field data indicate about 2.5 to 3.0 tons of residue per acre on average is produced following harvest. If accounting for 50% of the total residue on the field as available for grazing and of that amount 50% was utilized, then one acre would supply enough forage for one gestating cow for approximately 50 to 60 days.

High amounts of grain on the surface of the field pose a risk of acidosis, particularly for animals with experience grazing residue fields. Cattle selectively graze and will seek out and consume any grain present first. The degree to which grain in the field poses a risk is dependent on many factors, but levels greater than 10 to 15 bushels per acre generally require additional caution. Avoiding turning hungry animals directly on to fields by filling them up on forage, strip grazing to reduce the amount grain available per animal, supplementing low amounts of grain initially before turning them out, and feeding sodium bicarbonate as a rumen buffer are all strategies that may be used to decrease risk of acidosis.

Nitrate and prussic acid toxicity are both conditions that increase in prevalence due to plant stress and cause asphyxiation in the animal, yet are distinctly independent from each other. Nitrates accumulate in the base of the stalk or stem, and while issues associated with nitrate toxicity are generally less common in grazing situations as compared to when cattle are fed a diet, for this reason it is critical to manage stocking rate so that cattle are not forced to consume the lower 1/3rd of the stalk or stem. Prussic acid can occur in plant species within the broader sorghum family, and primarily accumulates in young, rapidly growing plant tissue. Therefore, avoiding grazing sorghum residue around a frost event and for the first 7 days following a killing freeze is a sound practice. Just as with harvested forages, representative samples of standing forage can be collected for analysis of nitrate and prussic acid to determine risk levels and guide management decisions.

Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1698682262753.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By ALICIA BOOR Cottonwood Extension DistrictFall is a wonderful season for agriculture and a time to, hopefully, reap the bounty of the year’s production. If producers have access to crop residue fields following grain harvest, then preparing to turn cattle out to graze such acres is one task that deserves to be near the top of the priority list. Grain sorghum represents an excellent opportunity to extend the grazing season. However, there are several important management considerations that need to be kept in mind with grazing sorghum residue.Understandably, the absence of fences and water sources is one of the biggest limitations for residue grazing. Many acres are grown in rain-fed systems in which sourcing water from an irrigation well is not possible. Likewise, hauling water long distances is usually not practical. However, if water can be supplied and temporary fences put up, then grazing sorghum residues is usually economical. A single strand of electric fence can work quite well for keeping cows contained, while 2 or more strands may be needed for small calves.Unlike actively growing forages, both the quantity and quality of residue available for grazing will be highest immediately following harvest and will steadily decline over time due to weathering, trampling, and consumption by cattle. Regarding forage quantity, field data indicate about 2.5 to 3.0 tons of residue per acre on average is produced following harvest. If accounting for 50% of the total residue on the field as available for grazing and of that amount 50% was utilized, then one acre would supply enough forage for one gestating cow for approximately 50 to 60 days.High amounts of grain on the surface of the field pose a risk of acidosis, particularly for animals with experience grazing residue fields. Cattle selectively graze and will seek out and consume any grain present first. The degree to which grain in the field poses a risk is dependent on many factors, but levels greater than 10 to 15 bushels per acre generally require additional caution. Avoiding turning hungry animals directly on to fields by filling them up on forage, strip grazing to reduce the amount grain available per animal, supplementing low amounts of grain initially before turning them out, and feeding sodium bicarbonate as a rumen buffer are all strategies that may be used to decrease risk of acidosis.Nitrate and prussic acid toxicity are both conditions that increase in prevalence due to plant stress and cause asphyxiation in the animal, yet are distinctly independent from each other. Nitrates accumulate in the base of the stalk or stem, and while issues associated with nitrate toxicity are generally less common in grazing situations as compared to when cattle are fed a diet, for this reason it is critical to manage stocking rate so that cattle are not forced to consume the lower 1/3rd of the stalk or stem. Prussic acid can occur in plant species within the broader sorghum family, and primarily accumulates in young, rapidly growing plant tissue. Therefore, avoiding grazing sorghum residue around a frost event and for the first 7 days following a killing freeze is a sound practice. Just as with harvested forages, representative samples of standing forage can be collected for analysis of nitrate and prussic acid to determine risk levels and guide management decisions.Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

BOOR: Grazing sorghum residues

Cool fall days have arrived which means we are spending more time indoors. This change increases our exposure to bacteria and viruses that can lead to illness. The good news is that if we are aware of our habits, we can help prevent getting sick.

One key habit is proper handwashing because it reduces respiratory illnesses, like colds, in the general population by 16-21%. There are promising results from handwashing, and if we teach children good hand- hygiene, we can further reduce the spread of disease! Here are a few simple tips to share with your kids:

1. Wash your hands multiple times throughout the day. This includes before and after eating, after using the restroom, and after blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing.

2. Wash your hands for at least 20 seconds. Hum “Happy Birthday” twice through to make sure you scrub long enough.

3. Lather with soap and water. Soap is a detergent that removes bacteria and dirt when it is lathered, so using enough soap is key in removing germs.

4. Scrub every part of your hand. If you don’t think about it, it is easy to miss the tops of your hands, under your nails, and between your fingers. Bacteria will build up if you don’t reach every part!

5. In public places, many objects are in constant use such as door handles and water fountains. Using your paper towel to access these areas after you’ve washed can help to reduce exposure to germs.

6. At home, change out cloth hand towels often to limit the build-up of dirt and bacteria. This will keep your hands clean for longer.

7. Consider hanging small posters above sinks to remind kids of proper handwashing techniques.

Staying healthy throughout the fall is challenging, so get a head start with proper handwashing to reduce your family’s risk of getting sick.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1697546908793.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By KARISSA WINKEL Cottonwood Extension DistrictCool fall days have arrived which means we are spending more time indoors. This change increases our exposure to bacteria and viruses that can lead to illness. The good news is that if we are aware of our habits, we can help prevent getting sick.One key habit is proper handwashing because it reduces respiratory illnesses, like colds, in the general population by 16-21%. There are promising results from handwashing, and if we teach children good hand- hygiene, we can further reduce the spread of disease! Here are a few simple tips to share with your kids:1. Wash your hands multiple times throughout the day. This includes before and after eating, after using the restroom, and after blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing.2. Wash your hands for at least 20 seconds. Hum “Happy Birthday” twice through to make sure you scrub long enough.3. Lather with soap and water. Soap is a detergent that removes bacteria and dirt when it is lathered, so using enough soap is key in removing germs.4. Scrub every part of your hand. If you don’t think about it, it is easy to miss the tops of your hands, under your nails, and between your fingers. Bacteria will build up if you don’t reach every part!5. In public places, many objects are in constant use such as door handles and water fountains. Using your paper towel to access these areas after you’ve washed can help to reduce exposure to germs.6. At home, change out cloth hand towels often to limit the build-up of dirt and bacteria. This will keep your hands clean for longer.7. Consider hanging small posters above sinks to remind kids of proper handwashing techniques.Staying healthy throughout the fall is challenging, so get a head start with proper handwashing to reduce your family’s risk of getting sick.Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.

WINKEL: Habits to stay healthy-handwashing

Over the past several decades, researchers across the country have recognized the strong correlation between parents’ and caregivers’ educational attainment and children’s educational outcomes. We know that families thrive when they learn together.

Back in 1994, the National Center for Families Learning (NCFL) worked with Congress to designate November 1 as National Family Literacy Day®. Each year for the past 29 years, we have joined libraries, schools, and educational programs across the country to celebrate National Family Literacy Month throughout each November.

Encouraging families to read and giving them the resources to read to their children every day is so important for a young child’s development and success in school. Reading to my children was one of my favorite things to do with them when they were young and even as they got older. I have fond memories of attending library story time as well as snuggling on the couch to read a good book. This is one of those times that parents can use to touch base with their child and maybe help them wind down for nap or bedtime. It doesn’t matter what time of day it is, finding a time to read in your routine is what is important.

Not only is reading an important skill for school but it also helps children with other developmental skills as well. Exposing children to books from birth or even prenatally is a great way to aid their development. Books not only aid literacy skills but they also help little fingers develop. As they learn to turn pages of a book, they strengthen their fingers and fine motor skills. Fine motor skills are important to develop now so when they get to school they can hold pencils, crayons, and scissors.

Often times parents think they have to read a book from beginning to end, not skipping any pages. However, research from the Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch Up (ABC) program at the University of Delaware, actually promotes following your child’s lead with reading and play. If a child is looking at or chewing on a book on their own that’s okay! Talk to them about what they are doing. If they bring you a book, allow them to turn the pages and talk to them about what is on the page. This can put the child in charge and allow them time to explore on their own terms which aids their social emotional development by making them feel important and that they can have an effect on their world.

While libraries are great and offer many programs to get children involved with books and reading, sometimes it’s nice to start building a library at home as well. Dolly Parton’s Imagination Library has been integral in getting books into the hands of children and their parents. Once you sign up, books are mailed to the child every month from birth to age five. They are sent directly to the child so it’s exciting for them to get mail and the books are age appropriate also. The program is available both in Ellis and Barton County. Contact information is below.

Fax: 785-623-2432 Email: burban@usd489.com

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522152076.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By MONIQUE KOERNER Cottonwood Extension DistrictOver the past several decades, researchers across the country have recognized the strong correlation between parents’ and caregivers’ educational attainment and children’s educational outcomes. We know that families thrive when they learn together.Back in 1994, the National Center for Families Learning (NCFL) worked with Congress to designate November 1 as National Family Literacy Day®. Each year for the past 29 years, we have joined libraries, schools, and educational programs across the country to celebrate National Family Literacy Month throughout each November.Encouraging families to read and giving them the resources to read to their children every day is so important for a young child’s development and success in school. Reading to my children was one of my favorite things to do with them when they were young and even as they got older. I have fond memories of attending library story time as well as snuggling on the couch to read a good book. This is one of those times that parents can use to touch base with their child and maybe help them wind down for nap or bedtime. It doesn’t matter what time of day it is, finding a time to read in your routine is what is important.Not only is reading an important skill for school but it also helps children with other developmental skills as well. Exposing children to books from birth or even prenatally is a great way to aid their development. Books not only aid literacy skills but they also help little fingers develop. As they learn to turn pages of a book, they strengthen their fingers and fine motor skills. Fine motor skills are important to develop now so when they get to school they can hold pencils, crayons, and scissors.Often times parents think they have to read a book from beginning to end, not skipping any pages. However, research from the Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch Up (ABC) program at the University of Delaware, actually promotes following your child’s lead with reading and play. If a child is looking at or chewing on a book on their own that’s okay! Talk to them about what they are doing. If they bring you a book, allow them to turn the pages and talk to them about what is on the page. This can put the child in charge and allow them time to explore on their own terms which aids their social emotional development by making them feel important and that they can have an effect on their world.While libraries are great and offer many programs to get children involved with books and reading, sometimes it’s nice to start building a library at home as well. Dolly Parton’s Imagination Library has been integral in getting books into the hands of children and their parents. Once you sign up, books are mailed to the child every month from birth to age five. They are sent directly to the child so it’s exciting for them to get mail and the books are age appropriate also. The program is available both in Ellis and Barton County. Contact information is below.United Way of Central Kansas1409 WILLIAMS STGREAT BEND KS 67530Contact: Ken MarstonPhone: 620-792-2409Fax: Email: kmarston@greatbendpl.infoEllis County Imagination Library2501 E 13TH STHAYS KS 67601Contact: Brenda UrbanPhone: 785-623-2430Fax: 785-623-2432 Email: burban@usd489.comMonique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu.

KOERNER: November-National Family Literacy Month

So, I woke up this morning to the strangest sound. It’s like a constant “pattering” sound of some sort on the roof. Oh wait, it’s raining, almost forgot what that sounded like! As I sat here contemplating this week’s column, the soothing sound of the rain and the dark morning brought back memories of this deer hunt years ago on a morning just like this.

Naturally, after the driest summer on record, it started to rain when deer hunting and trapping seasons arrived. It had rained most of Friday night and was still drizzling at the crack of dawn Saturday morn. Ever the macho deer hunter, I still crawled from beneath my electric blanket at zero dark thirty to brave the elements. The problem was that either a lengthy drive or a long walk was required to get to all our stand spots but one, and after the amount of rain we had gotten, walking was the only option. Again, being the macho deer hunter, I’m not against a bit of an early morning walk, but I know each boot would have accumulated five pounds of mud and I’d have been soaked once I arrived. so, I drove to that one stand where I could park in an old farm yard and walk just behind the buildings to a nice raised stand built from an old fuel tank support. That took care of the mud part, but it was still raining, so instead of setting on top, I crawled beneath the floor of the raised blind and got comfortable in a camp chair.

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 </figure>By STEVE GILLILAND Exploring Kansas OutdoorsSo, I woke up this morning to the strangest sound. It’s like a constant “pattering” sound of some sort on the roof. Oh wait, it’s raining, almost forgot what that sounded like! As I sat here contemplating this week’s column, the soothing sound of the rain and the dark morning brought back memories of this deer hunt years ago on a morning just like this.Naturally, after the driest summer on record, it started to rain when deer hunting and trapping seasons arrived. It had rained most of Friday night and was still drizzling at the crack of dawn Saturday morn. Ever the macho deer hunter, I still crawled from beneath my electric blanket at zero dark thirty to brave the elements. The problem was that either a lengthy drive or a long walk was required to get to all our stand spots but one, and after the amount of rain we had gotten, walking was the only option. Again, being the macho deer hunter, I’m not against a bit of an early morning walk, but I know each boot would have accumulated five pounds of mud and I’d have been soaked once I arrived. so, I drove to that one stand where I could park in an old farm yard and walk just behind the buildings to a nice raised stand built from an old fuel tank support. That took care of the mud part, but it was still raining, so instead of setting on top, I crawled beneath the floor of the raised blind and got comfortable in a camp chair.The floor of the stand was about two feet above me and not totally water tight, but an occasional drip sure trumped sitting in the rain. We’d always heard a pair of great horned owls at this old farmstead, and that morning I also got to watch them as they wound down from a nights hunting and geared up to snooze the day away. The first owl sat on a power pole a couple hundred yards in front of me and called to its mate that I could hear but not yet see. Soon the mate silently flew to the top of a tall cedar so that they were just a stone’s throw away from each other. I had no idea which owl was the male and which was the female, but the calls were very different. Both calls used the same number of syllables, but one call was higher pitched like a woman’s alto tone, and the other was more of a baritone pitch. After awhile, one owl flew off, then the other and the woods was quiet again except for the slow staccato of the drizzling rain and the “plop” made by the occasional drop dripping through the “roof” onto my vinyl vest.Then came the blackbirds; probably numbering into the tens of thousands, the flying horde actually made a low, muffled roar like the wind blowing through the trees. They landed in the wheat some ways away, but like waves in a living sea of black lapping against the shore, the huge swarm was constantly on the move. Birds from one end would fly up and move to a different spot so that the assemblage appeared to crawl slowly across the field like a giant ameba. Once in the air again, the monstrous flock swirled and twirled like a Kansas twister marching across the plains.In the distance I began again to hear a muffled roar like the wind slowly picking up. “Was it more blackbirds” I wondered? No, this time it was a rain shower as it crawled across the field. The drone became louder and louder until it encompassed the deer stand and the occasional drip became a constant stream. I waited it out and when it had subsided some, I put my hood up and headed for the dry safety of the pickup.Maybe these sorts of things seem to you like odd topics to write about, but not to me. I know I get so caught up and focused on shooting the deer or catching the fish that I totally miss everything around me. So, the next time you’re sitting in a deer stand or rocking with the waves on a boat in the lake, concentrate on seeing things you usually miss, then close your eyes for awhile and just listen to nature around you and learn to experience God’s marvelous creation in its entirety. Continue to Explore Kansas Outdoors!Steve can be contacted by email at stevenrgilliland@gmail.com.

Opinion