Here are some food storage and safety tips during a power outage:

Keep refrigerator and freezer doors closed as much as possible. All refrigerated foods can be safe for four hours if the door is kept closed.

If the refrigerator temperature rises above 40°F, most foods can be stored for no longer than two hours. Watch for signs of spoilage such as foul odor, texture changes, or sliminess. Immediately dispose of food showing signs of spoilage.

Full freezers can keep food safe for 48 hours, and half-filled freezers keep food safe for 24 hours.

Precautionary methods before power outages

Before a power outage, fill empty freezer space with water in clean, sanitized food-safe containers. The extra ice will help keep the freezer colder longer in an emergency.

Fill containers halfway, then freeze. The ice will expand. Add another inch of water and freeze again. Repeat until there is 1-inch headspace, then replace the lid. Also, when the water melts, it will provide safe, drinkable water.

Frozen foods that have not fully thawed AND still have ice crystals indicate that they have not reached unsafe temperatures (above 40 degrees), so no dangerous pathogens are likely to grow in them. These foods can be refrozen.

When you refreeze food, freeze it quickly. Set your freezer’s temperature control on its coldest setting. After the food is well frozen, turn the temperature control to its usual setting to maintain 0°F or lower.

You can also refreeze many foods if they have been kept at a temperature no higher than 40°F for no longer than two days (about normal refrigerator temperature). It is recommended to utilize a fridge thermometer to ensure food does not reach unsafe temperatures.

However, use your best judgment, and don’t forget to check foods for signs of spoilage. When in doubt, throw it out. This is especially true for those with compromised immune systems, young children, seniors, and pregnant women.

While throwing out food due to an appliance failure or power outage is wasteful, it’s likely cheaper than paying for medical treatment due to foodborne illness.

Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu. K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1697546908793.jpeg" alt="Karissa Winkel" />
 <figcaption>Karissa Winkel</figcaption>
 </figure>Here are some food storage and safety tips during a power outage:Keep refrigerator and freezer doors closed as much as possible. All refrigerated foods can be safe for four hours if the door is kept closed.If the refrigerator temperature rises above 40°F, most foods can be stored for no longer than two hours. Watch for signs of spoilage such as foul odor, texture changes, or sliminess. Immediately dispose of food showing signs of spoilage.Full freezers can keep food safe for 48 hours, and half-filled freezers keep food safe for 24 hours.Precautionary methods before power outagesBefore a power outage, fill empty freezer space with water in clean, sanitized food-safe containers. The extra ice will help keep the freezer colder longer in an emergency.Fill containers halfway, then freeze. The ice will expand. Add another inch of water and freeze again. Repeat until there is 1-inch headspace, then replace the lid. Also, when the water melts, it will provide safe, drinkable water.What can you do after a power outage?Frozen foods that have not fully thawed AND still have ice crystals indicate that they have not reached unsafe temperatures (above 40 degrees), so no dangerous pathogens are likely to grow in them. These foods can be refrozen.When you refreeze food, freeze it quickly. Set your freezer’s temperature control on its coldest setting. After the food is well frozen, turn the temperature control to its usual setting to maintain 0°F or lower.You can also refreeze many foods if they have been kept at a temperature no higher than 40°F for no longer than two days (about normal refrigerator temperature). It is recommended to utilize a fridge thermometer to ensure food does not reach unsafe temperatures.However, use your best judgment, and don’t forget to check foods for signs of spoilage. When in doubt, throw it out. This is especially true for those with compromised immune systems, young children, seniors, and pregnant women.While throwing out food due to an appliance failure or power outage is wasteful, it’s likely cheaper than paying for medical treatment due to foodborne illness.Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu. K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

WINKEL: Food safety during power outages

Registration is now available for a four-part workshop series aimed at helping Midwest farm families develop succession plans for passing on or leaving the business.

The series, Leaving a Lasting Legacy for Midwestern Farm Women, will be available at 63 sites in three states, as well as offered online. 

It is being produced through a partnership between extension professionals at Kansas State University, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, and Purdue University.

Registration is available online for those wishing to attend in-person and costs $60 through Jan. 12, which includes meals and educational materials. The fee increases to $75 after Jan. 12. Organizers say there is an online option available for $75, but “highly encourage” participants to attend in-person due to the value of group discussions with other participants.

The workshops will be held on successive Tuesdays, beginning Jan. 21 and 28, and continuing on Feb. 4 and 11.

“The focus of the workshops is to help people figure out how to set up their succession plan and find the resources they need to implement it on their farm,” said LaVell Winsor, a K-State farm analyst.

This year’s workshops continue a tradition of educational classes for women in agriculture from K-State’s Department of Agricultural Economics, which hosted a series on farm finances in 2020, risk management on the farm in 2022, and land leasing in 2023.

“Succession planning has become a hot button topic, though it should have been that way forever,” said Ashlee Westerhold, director of K-State’s Office of Farm and Ranch Transition. “In agriculture, we’re always in a state of transition. So there are a lot of questions, whether you’re age 45 and thinking that (the family’s) farm will some day be yours, or you’re age 75 and wondering how you’re going to pass that to the next generation.”

According to data from the U.S. Census, 70% of U.S. farmland will transfer to the next generation within 20 years. 

“The impact of farms transitioning – either successfully to the next generation or unsuccessfully in the form of a land and estate sale – has implications for rural communities and rural prosperity,” Westerhold said.

The topics that will be covered in the four-part workshop series include: ·&nbsp; Motivation for succession planning ·&nbsp; Family communication around estate and transition planning ·&nbsp; Financial aspects of estate and transition plans ·&nbsp; Legal aspects of putting your plan into place.

“We’ll also talk about how to pick a provider for all of those pieces,” Winsor said. “The goal is to give people the tools they need to succeed. They can take them home, work on the plan with their families and start to put their succession plan together.”

The workshop is part of K-State’s Women in Ag series, though all sessions are available to all people.

The Great Bend and Hays offices are on the list of host sites for this in person workshop. You can call either 620-793-1910 or 785-628-9430 with and questions about these programs or for help registering.

Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1698682262753.jpeg" alt="Alicia Boor&nbsp;" />
 <figcaption>Alicia Boor&nbsp;</figcaption>
 </figure>Registration is now available for a four-part workshop series aimed at helping Midwest farm families develop succession plans for passing on or leaving the business.The series, Leaving a Lasting Legacy for Midwestern Farm Women, will be available at 63 sites in three states, as well as offered online. It is being produced through a partnership between extension professionals at Kansas State University, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, and Purdue University.Registration is available online for those wishing to attend in-person and costs $60 through Jan. 12, which includes meals and educational materials. The fee increases to $75 after Jan. 12. Organizers say there is an online option available for $75, but “highly encourage” participants to attend in-person due to the value of group discussions with other participants.The workshops will be held on successive Tuesdays, beginning Jan. 21 and 28, and continuing on Feb. 4 and 11.“The focus of the workshops is to help people figure out how to set up their succession plan and find the resources they need to implement it on their farm,” said LaVell Winsor, a K-State farm analyst.This year’s workshops continue a tradition of educational classes for women in agriculture from K-State’s Department of Agricultural Economics, which hosted a series on farm finances in 2020, risk management on the farm in 2022, and land leasing in 2023.“Succession planning has become a hot button topic, though it should have been that way forever,” said Ashlee Westerhold, director of K-State’s Office of Farm and Ranch Transition. “In agriculture, we’re always in a state of transition. So there are a lot of questions, whether you’re age 45 and thinking that (the family’s) farm will some day be yours, or you’re age 75 and wondering how you’re going to pass that to the next generation.”According to data from the U.S. Census, 70% of U.S. farmland will transfer to the next generation within 20 years. “The impact of farms transitioning – either successfully to the next generation or unsuccessfully in the form of a land and estate sale – has implications for rural communities and rural prosperity,” Westerhold said.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2024/12/1735571409325.png" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>The topics that will be covered in the four-part workshop series include: ·&nbsp; Motivation for succession planning ·&nbsp; Family communication around estate and transition planning ·&nbsp; Financial aspects of estate and transition plans ·&nbsp; Legal aspects of putting your plan into place.“We’ll also talk about how to pick a provider for all of those pieces,” Winsor said. “The goal is to give people the tools they need to succeed. They can take them home, work on the plan with their families and start to put their succession plan together.”The workshop is part of K-State’s Women in Ag series, though all sessions are available to all people.The Great Bend and Hays offices are on the list of host sites for this in person workshop. You can call either 620-793-1910 or 785-628-9430 with and questions about these programs or for help registering.Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

BOOR: Leaving a lasting legacy for Midwestern farm women

By STACY CAMPBELL Cottonwood Extension District

Farms face daily decisions about their operations including new equipment and crops, pricing and risk management strategies. Kansas State University’s Agricultural Economics Department offers its Finances and the Farm online course to help producers develop strong financial skills to make informed decisions that impact the farm's bottom line.

“The need to manage farm financials may be greater than ever before because of historically high input costs and lower commodity prices, creating uncertain profitability margins,” K-State extension farm economist Robin Reid said. “The Finances and the Farm online class provides education for managing financial risk of the farm business; focusing on good recordkeeping as the foundation, using those records to develop financial statements, conducting benchmarking and performance analysis on those statements, and then using that information to make management decisions.”

The course covers seven lessons: Recordkeeping, Balance Sheet, Income Statement, Enterprise Budgeting, Cash Flow, Managing Family Living Expenses, and Goal Setting. During the course, participants will:

Understand the structure of a balance sheet, income statement, enterprise budgets, and cash flow

Use a case farm to complete quizzes to check understanding and practice using these financial statements in a real-world setting

Two case farms available: Row Crops and Beef Cattle, and Vegetable, Egg and Honeybee Farm

Be prepared to use financial management techniques for their own operation

Learn how to make changes to avoid financial difficulties

Taught by Reid and K-State farm analyst LaVell Winsor, the course was first launched in 2021. It has been recently updated to provide a more interactive learning experience for participants.

Participants watch short videos, go through an interactive review of the content, do an interactive activity, and then work through a quiz where they are inputting numbers into a financial statement and doing performance analysis, so they are able to apply what they are learning in the videos. Participants are also then given resources such as paper sheets and Excel documents to develop financial statements for their own operations. The course is self-paced, which means participants can take up to six months to complete the material, though it is recommended that participants make a schedule to complete it in 2-4 weeks.

“This course is designed with the learner in mind, with the convenience of completing this course at their own pace, from their home or office,” Winsor said.

The cost is $100 (education only), or $300 if the participant wishes to receive Farm Service Agency borrower’s training financial credit. It is approved for participants to receive FSA Borrower’s Training Financial Credits for Kansas, Colorado, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, and Wyoming. Coursework will be graded, and a certificate will be provided upon successful completion of the final exam. <a href="https://agmanager.info/events/finances-and-farm-online-class">Registration </a>is available online <a href="https://www.agmanager.info/events/finances-and-farm-online-class">https://www.agmanager.info/events/finances-and-farm-online-class</a>

Previous participants have appreciated the breadth of information learned from the program.

“The class was able to offer a fairly wide variety of options for most operations on how to manage finances. I felt that all the information was communicated accurately and clearly,” a previous participant said. Another said, “This was so good. Having not owned a farm for a decade, and now going through approval to finally find a smaller farm, I only wish I had known about this course prior to completing my USDA paperwork and financials. It is that imperative, and the $300 cost is nominal compared to the amount of information received, the resources and reference, and of course the templates provided. I am thoroughly impressed and so thankful this program is out there!”

More information is also available by contacting Reid by email, robinreid@ksu.edu, or 785-532-0964

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By STACY CAMPBELL Cottonwood Extension DistrictFarms face daily decisions about their operations including new equipment and crops, pricing and risk management strategies. Kansas State University’s Agricultural Economics Department offers its Finances and the Farm online course to help producers develop strong financial skills to make informed decisions that impact the farm's bottom line.“The need to manage farm financials may be greater than ever before because of historically high input costs and lower commodity prices, creating uncertain profitability margins,” K-State extension farm economist Robin Reid said. “The Finances and the Farm online class provides education for managing financial risk of the farm business; focusing on good recordkeeping as the foundation, using those records to develop financial statements, conducting benchmarking and performance analysis on those statements, and then using that information to make management decisions.”The course covers seven lessons: Recordkeeping, Balance Sheet, Income Statement, Enterprise Budgeting, Cash Flow, Managing Family Living Expenses, and Goal Setting. During the course, participants will:Understand the structure of a balance sheet, income statement, enterprise budgets, and cash flowUse a case farm to complete quizzes to check understanding and practice using these financial statements in a real-world settingTwo case farms available: Row Crops and Beef Cattle, and Vegetable, Egg and Honeybee FarmBe prepared to use financial management techniques for their own operationSet goals for their operationLearn how to make changes to avoid financial difficultiesTaught by Reid and K-State farm analyst LaVell Winsor, the course was first launched in 2021. It has been recently updated to provide a more interactive learning experience for participants.Participants watch short videos, go through an interactive review of the content, do an interactive activity, and then work through a quiz where they are inputting numbers into a financial statement and doing performance analysis, so they are able to apply what they are learning in the videos. Participants are also then given resources such as paper sheets and Excel documents to develop financial statements for their own operations. The course is self-paced, which means participants can take up to six months to complete the material, though it is recommended that participants make a schedule to complete it in 2-4 weeks.“This course is designed with the learner in mind, with the convenience of completing this course at their own pace, from their home or office,” Winsor said.The cost is $100 (education only), or $300 if the participant wishes to receive Farm Service Agency borrower’s training financial credit. It is approved for participants to receive FSA Borrower’s Training Financial Credits for Kansas, Colorado, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, and Wyoming. Coursework will be graded, and a certificate will be provided upon successful completion of the final exam. <a href="https://agmanager.info/events/finances-and-farm-online-class">Registration </a>is available online <a href="https://www.agmanager.info/events/finances-and-farm-online-class">https://www.agmanager.info/events/finances-and-farm-online-class</a>Previous participants have appreciated the breadth of information learned from the program.“The class was able to offer a fairly wide variety of options for most operations on how to manage finances. I felt that all the information was communicated accurately and clearly,” a previous participant said. Another said, “This was so good. Having not owned a farm for a decade, and now going through approval to finally find a smaller farm, I only wish I had known about this course prior to completing my USDA paperwork and financials. It is that imperative, and the $300 cost is nominal compared to the amount of information received, the resources and reference, and of course the templates provided. I am thoroughly impressed and so thankful this program is out there!”More information is also available by contacting Reid by email, robinreid@ksu.edu, or 785-532-0964

CAMPBELL: Online financial, farm management course for farmers, ranchers

In the hustle and bustle of the holiday season, the entire family may need a chance to relax, laugh, and connect.

The holidays are the perfect opportunity for families to gather around the table and enjoy games. Through these experiences, families create tradition, enrich social connection, and support a resilient and joyful family culture.

“Incorporating board games into holiday celebrations not only enhances the festivities, but also builds a foundation of family values, mental well-being, and lasting connections,” says Elizabeth Brunscheen-Cartegena, a Family Life and Resource Management Agent for K-State Research and Extension.

Here are a few ways families benefit, according to Brunscheen-Cartagena.

Board games strengthen social connections

In particular, board games offer a break from phone and television screens. “Games encourage positive social interaction by creating a shared experience that brings people together,” Brunscheen-Cartagena says.

Cooperative games foster teamwork and empathy, teaching family members to value collaboration over competition.

“For family members who don’t see each other often, games offer a bridge to meaningful connection, enhancing social cohesion and creating memories to cherish.”

Board games promote mental health and relieve stress

Playing games creates an environment in which everyone can unwind and have fun.

“The joy, laughter, and sense of accomplishment that comes with play fosters mental well-being and emotional resilience,” Brunscheen-Cartagena says. “When family members engage in friendly competition or work as a team, they release stress and create memories that help everyone feel refreshed, connected, and happier.”

Board games pass on traditions and values

When families introduce game traditions during the holidays, older family members can pass on stories about how these games have been enjoyed over the years.

“For example, when grandparents teach a game to grandchildren, they pass on both the joy of playing and a sense of family legacy, allowing cultural values and family traditions to endure, and strengthen bonds across generations,” she says.

Board games foster intellectual growth and critical thinking for all ages

Games challenge players to think critically, make calculated decisions, and anticipate each other’s moves – skills that apply beyond the table.

“Engaging in these cognitive tasks helps family members exercise their minds while having fun together,” Brunscheen-Cartagena said. “This mental stimulation keeps minds elevated, builds intellectual resilience, and models the importance of critical thinking and adaptability for younger players.”

Consider breaking out a few board games this Christmas season. Through this, you can build relationships, foster resilience, boost mental health, and exercise the brain. You may even find your new favorite pastime!

Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu. K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1697546908793.jpeg" alt="Karissa Winkel&nbsp;" />
 <figcaption>Karissa Winkel&nbsp;</figcaption>
 </figure>In the hustle and bustle of the holiday season, the entire family may need a chance to relax, laugh, and connect.The holidays are the perfect opportunity for families to gather around the table and enjoy games. Through these experiences, families create tradition, enrich social connection, and support a resilient and joyful family culture.“Incorporating board games into holiday celebrations not only enhances the festivities, but also builds a foundation of family values, mental well-being, and lasting connections,” says Elizabeth Brunscheen-Cartegena, a Family Life and Resource Management Agent for K-State Research and Extension.Here are a few ways families benefit, according to Brunscheen-Cartagena.Board games strengthen social connectionsIn particular, board games offer a break from phone and television screens. “Games encourage positive social interaction by creating a shared experience that brings people together,” Brunscheen-Cartagena says.Cooperative games foster teamwork and empathy, teaching family members to value collaboration over competition.“For family members who don’t see each other often, games offer a bridge to meaningful connection, enhancing social cohesion and creating memories to cherish.”Board games promote mental health and relieve stressPlaying games creates an environment in which everyone can unwind and have fun.“The joy, laughter, and sense of accomplishment that comes with play fosters mental well-being and emotional resilience,” Brunscheen-Cartagena says. “When family members engage in friendly competition or work as a team, they release stress and create memories that help everyone feel refreshed, connected, and happier.”Board games pass on traditions and valuesWhen families introduce game traditions during the holidays, older family members can pass on stories about how these games have been enjoyed over the years.“For example, when grandparents teach a game to grandchildren, they pass on both the joy of playing and a sense of family legacy, allowing cultural values and family traditions to endure, and strengthen bonds across generations,” she says.Board games foster intellectual growth and critical thinking for all agesGames challenge players to think critically, make calculated decisions, and anticipate each other’s moves – skills that apply beyond the table.“Engaging in these cognitive tasks helps family members exercise their minds while having fun together,” Brunscheen-Cartagena said. “This mental stimulation keeps minds elevated, builds intellectual resilience, and models the importance of critical thinking and adaptability for younger players.”Consider breaking out a few board games this Christmas season. Through this, you can build relationships, foster resilience, boost mental health, and exercise the brain. You may even find your new favorite pastime!Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu. K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

Winkel: Holiday Fun: Board games build family skills

As the holiday season winds down, many households face the question: what to do with the Christmas tree and holiday greenery? Instead of sending them to the landfill, consider recycling them! Repurposing your tree and greenery is an eco-friendly way to give them a second life while benefiting your garden, wildlife, or community.

Here are some practical and creative ways to recycle your Christmas tree and greenery:

1. Turn It in to Mulch Most natural Christmas trees can be chipped into mulch, which is excellent for garden beds and pathways. If you have access to a chipper, you can do this yourself. Otherwise, check with your local recycling center or municipal services—many communities offer free tree chipping programs.

2. Create Habitat for Wildlife Place your tree in your yard or garden to create shelter for birds and small animals during the winter months. You can even decorate it with birdseed ornaments, suet, or peanut butter-coated pinecones to provide food for wildlife.

3. Compost the Greenery Cut branches and greenery can be added to your compost pile or used as a base layer. The needles are rich in carbon and can help balance the compost's nitrogen content. Keep in mind that large branches should be trimmed down for easier decomposition.

4. Protect Your Plants Lay trimmed branches over perennial beds to help insulate them during the cold months. The branches can act as a natural mulch, protecting plants from harsh winter temperatures.

5. Check Local Recycling Programs Many communities have specific programs for tree and greenery recycling. Some cities collect trees curbside for recycling into mulch or erosion control products. Contact your local solid waste department or extension office for details.

6. Use It for Erosion Control In some areas, recycled Christmas trees are used for erosion control in wetlands or along riverbanks. These trees help stabilize soil and provide a natural barrier against erosion.

Don’t Burn It Indoors: Dry trees are highly flammable and can create a fire hazard. They also produce creosote, which can build up in your chimney.

Remove All Decorations: Before recycling, ensure all ornaments, tinsel, and lights are removed to prevent contamination.

Avoid Artificial Trees: Artificial trees cannot be recycled and should be reused or donated if in good condition.

Recycling your tree or greenery is a simple step that can have a big impact on the environment. By giving your holiday decorations a sustainable farewell, you can enjoy the spirit of the season while also taking care of our planet.

Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910

K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider. Kansas State University, County Extension Councils, Extension Districts, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2024/12/1734975524540.jpg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>As the holiday season winds down, many households face the question: what to do with the Christmas tree and holiday greenery? Instead of sending them to the landfill, consider recycling them! Repurposing your tree and greenery is an eco-friendly way to give them a second life while benefiting your garden, wildlife, or community.Here are some practical and creative ways to recycle your Christmas tree and greenery:1. Turn It in to Mulch Most natural Christmas trees can be chipped into mulch, which is excellent for garden beds and pathways. If you have access to a chipper, you can do this yourself. Otherwise, check with your local recycling center or municipal services—many communities offer free tree chipping programs.2. Create Habitat for Wildlife Place your tree in your yard or garden to create shelter for birds and small animals during the winter months. You can even decorate it with birdseed ornaments, suet, or peanut butter-coated pinecones to provide food for wildlife.3. Compost the Greenery Cut branches and greenery can be added to your compost pile or used as a base layer. The needles are rich in carbon and can help balance the compost's nitrogen content. Keep in mind that large branches should be trimmed down for easier decomposition.4. Protect Your Plants Lay trimmed branches over perennial beds to help insulate them during the cold months. The branches can act as a natural mulch, protecting plants from harsh winter temperatures.5. Check Local Recycling Programs Many communities have specific programs for tree and greenery recycling. Some cities collect trees curbside for recycling into mulch or erosion control products. Contact your local solid waste department or extension office for details.6. Use It for Erosion Control In some areas, recycled Christmas trees are used for erosion control in wetlands or along riverbanks. These trees help stabilize soil and provide a natural barrier against erosion.Avoid These MistakesDon’t Burn It Indoors: Dry trees are highly flammable and can create a fire hazard. They also produce creosote, which can build up in your chimney.Remove All Decorations: Before recycling, ensure all ornaments, tinsel, and lights are removed to prevent contamination.Avoid Artificial Trees: Artificial trees cannot be recycled and should be reused or donated if in good condition.Recycling your tree or greenery is a simple step that can have a big impact on the environment. By giving your holiday decorations a sustainable farewell, you can enjoy the spirit of the season while also taking care of our planet.Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider. Kansas State University, County Extension Councils, Extension Districts, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating.

How to recycle your Christmas tree, holiday greenery

Cottonwood District plans Babysitting 101 class

A workshop series for women in agriculture will offer strategies to evaluate and improve farm estate and transition plans.

“Leaving a Lasting Legacy for Midwestern Farm Women: A Succession Planning Series,” will be held from 5:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m. each Tuesday on Jan. 21, Jan. 28, Feb. 4 and Feb. 11, by Cottonwood Extension District in both the Great Bend and Hays Extension Office meeting rooms.

Topics covered will include motivation for succession planning, communicating with family, the financial aspects of estate and transition plans, and the legal aspects of putting a plan in place. A keynote speaker will be simulcast to every workshop location during each meeting, with time for questions and a hands-on activity for participants. A meal will be provided on each date.

The workshops will also be hosted at 62 other sites through a collaborative effort by extension programs in Kansas, Nebraska and Indiana.

The registration fee for in-person attendance is $60.00 before Jan. 12th, 2025, which includes all four nights meals and educational materials. The fee increases to $75.00 after Jan. 12th, and a workbook is not guaranteed. For in-person registration, the fee will be collected at the local site the first night of the program. In-person participation is HIGHLY encouraged, if at all possible. A fully online option is available for $75.00.

More information and registration are available at www.agmanager.info/events, that’s www.agmanager.info/events

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By STACY CAMPBELL Cottonwood Extension DistrictA workshop series for women in agriculture will offer strategies to evaluate and improve farm estate and transition plans.“Leaving a Lasting Legacy for Midwestern Farm Women: A Succession Planning Series,” will be held from 5:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m. each Tuesday on Jan. 21, Jan. 28, Feb. 4 and Feb. 11, by Cottonwood Extension District in both the Great Bend and Hays Extension Office meeting rooms.Topics covered will include motivation for succession planning, communicating with family, the financial aspects of estate and transition plans, and the legal aspects of putting a plan in place. A keynote speaker will be simulcast to every workshop location during each meeting, with time for questions and a hands-on activity for participants. A meal will be provided on each date.The workshops will also be hosted at 62 other sites through a collaborative effort by extension programs in Kansas, Nebraska and Indiana.The registration fee for in-person attendance is $60.00 before Jan. 12th, 2025, which includes all four nights meals and educational materials. The fee increases to $75.00 after Jan. 12th, and a workbook is not guaranteed. For in-person registration, the fee will be collected at the local site the first night of the program. In-person participation is HIGHLY encouraged, if at all possible. A fully online option is available for $75.00.More information and registration are available at www.agmanager.info/events, that’s www.agmanager.info/events

CAMPBELL: Farm succession planning series for women in agriculture kicks off in January

By KARISSA WINKEL Cottonwood Extension District

The new year is right around the corner, and now is the time to create health goals for 2025. Making healthy choices is something we get to do every day, but it does not have to be overwhelming. In fact, simply walking every day can improve heart health, strengthen the lungs, improve quality of sleep, and fight osteoporosis! If walking to improve health is something you are interested in, a Walk with Ease class may be for you.

Walk with Ease (WWE) is here to help people with arthritis or other related conditions reduce pain, increase balance, strength, walking pace, and improve overall health. Walk with Ease is not only an evidence-based program, but it’s also fun! Participants have the opportunity to walk, stretch, and socialize during each session. WWE is a class created by the National Arthritis Foundation, and it is offered through Kansas State Research &amp; Extension.

Walk with Ease provides pain management and physical activity education to individuals and families. These classes include an educational book that covers various topics about walking and arthritis management, and the $15 registration fee covers the price of the book. The enrollment fee is waived for those who have previously taken the class. Walk with Ease classes aim to help each participant implement realistic goals, maintain a long-term physical activity routine, and help Kansans find resources to stay active.

Are you ready to make the healthy choice the easy choice? Do you want to learn how to improve mobility and decrease pain? Are you eager to learn how to develop a personal walking plan?

Join us for our next Walk with Ease class that kicks off on January 6th! This indoor class will take place from 10:00-11:00 a.m. on MWF at the Hoisington Recreation Center in Hoisington, KS.

For more information, please contact Karissa Winkel, Family and Community Wellness Agent to register, at krwinkel@ksu.edu, 620-793-1910.

Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1697546908793.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By KARISSA WINKEL Cottonwood Extension DistrictThe new year is right around the corner, and now is the time to create health goals for 2025. Making healthy choices is something we get to do every day, but it does not have to be overwhelming. In fact, simply walking every day can improve heart health, strengthen the lungs, improve quality of sleep, and fight osteoporosis! If walking to improve health is something you are interested in, a Walk with Ease class may be for you.Walk with Ease (WWE) is here to help people with arthritis or other related conditions reduce pain, increase balance, strength, walking pace, and improve overall health. Walk with Ease is not only an evidence-based program, but it’s also fun! Participants have the opportunity to walk, stretch, and socialize during each session. WWE is a class created by the National Arthritis Foundation, and it is offered through Kansas State Research &amp; Extension.Walk with Ease provides pain management and physical activity education to individuals and families. These classes include an educational book that covers various topics about walking and arthritis management, and the $15 registration fee covers the price of the book. The enrollment fee is waived for those who have previously taken the class. Walk with Ease classes aim to help each participant implement realistic goals, maintain a long-term physical activity routine, and help Kansans find resources to stay active.Are you ready to make the healthy choice the easy choice? Do you want to learn how to improve mobility and decrease pain? Are you eager to learn how to develop a personal walking plan?Join us for our next Walk with Ease class that kicks off on January 6th! This indoor class will take place from 10:00-11:00 a.m. on MWF at the Hoisington Recreation Center in Hoisington, KS.For more information, please contact Karissa Winkel, Family and Community Wellness Agent to register, at krwinkel@ksu.edu, 620-793-1910.Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.

WINKEL: Walk with Ease coming to Hoisington

By MONIQUE KOERNER Cottonwood Extension District

If you find that you are feeling a little more stressed than usual right now, you’re definitely not alone. Most people would say the holidays bring extra stress. It could be several things that include: the extra expenses. Angry in-laws. Exhausted and sugared-up kids. Cold weather and seasonal darkness. Final exams, sporting events and recitals. Absent romantic partners. Profound loneliness . . . Individually, we can handle each of these stressors as they come. But during the holidays, everything hits at once and can become overwhelming for anyone!

When we are stressed, we need to be sure we are coping with it in the best ways possible. When stress gets the best of us, we may turn to less healthy means of coping. Here are some ways to make the season less stressful and more fun.

The holiday season is a time of parties and other social gatherings. Remember that you don't have to do it all. Figure out what you really enjoy versus what you feel you’re supposed to do.

Focus the majority of your energy and time on activities that are fun for you.

Travel can be especially stressful during the holiday season. If you must travel, do what you can to make it as easy as possible on yourself. Try to get direct flights or at least minimize the number of stops along the way. You'll avoid the stress of having to rush from one plane to the next or having to wait around for long periods of time.

Many people complain about spending too much time in the car during the holiday season driving from one gathering to the next. This can be exhausting. If possible, limit your driving to one or two events that you truly want to attend. It's part of setting healthy boundaries and keeping a reasonable schedule.

For many, the holidays are a time of gift giving. This can be a lot of fun, but it can also be financially stressful. Go make a budget now and stay within the spending limits that you have set.

You're not obligated to spend beyond your means, and you will very likely regret it if you do.

4. Be responsible about food and alcohol consumption

Do your best to stick with healthy eating choices. Don't overdue the sugar. Moderation is key, especially with holiday treats and alcohol. Many of us succumb to the pressure to overeat or drink to excess during the holidays. But too much sugar messes up your natural hormone responses, blood sugar, insulin levels, and your brain’s neurotransmitters (the body’s chemical messengers). Try to stay within your usual guidelines for healthy eating and responsible drinking. Remember to drink plenty of water to stay hydrated.

5. Enjoy family on your terms and set boundaries

While it can be enjoyable to see family during the holidays, some people find extended family time to be stressful. Do whatever you need to do to take care of yourself. If necessary, take a break from the gathering. Go for a walk. Call someone you enjoy talking to. Take some alone time if you need it. And then you decide what you can handle around the plans that are made whether it is around traveling, food, hosting, and money spent.

Consider giving yourself the gift of time during the holidays. Take a break from rushing around, shopping, cooking, and cleaning. Set aside time to read a good book, watch your favorite movie, go for a bike ride or take a nap. Skip social media and screen time and spend more time looking in your loved ones eyes and choose human connection rather than the screen time. Your mental health will thank you.

The holidays can be especially challenging for those of us who have lost loved ones. Be sure to make space for your grief. Consider changing up your traditions to make your feelings of loss more manageable. You can also find a new way to weave in the memory of your loved one into your existing holiday traditions.

Get plenty of sleep. Eat regularly. Exercise. Get a massage. Meditate. Don't forget to breathe. And don’t forget to get outside and move. I don’t care how cold it is—put on some extra layers and just do it (or at least get into the gym). Exercise helps your body process and release stress hormones, and nature is important for our emotional and physical health. Here are some ways you can stay active during the holidays:

· Bundle up and go on a walk to see Christmas lights in the neighborhood.

· Get an epic snowball fight going with the neighbors (play is exercise too).

Nobody wants to be sick at Christmastime—and exercising, getting outside, and resting are all natural immune-boosting activities that will help you feel strong, peaceful and healthy.

Try and stick to your normal routine as much as possible.

If you know that this time of year is typically hard for you, lean on your friends and family. Talk to them about how you're feeling and let them help you set boundaries and practice self-care. If you are experiencing a mental health crisis, call or text 988 or explore the 988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline.

Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522152076.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By MONIQUE KOERNER Cottonwood Extension DistrictIf you find that you are feeling a little more stressed than usual right now, you’re definitely not alone. Most people would say the holidays bring extra stress. It could be several things that include: the extra expenses. Angry in-laws. Exhausted and sugared-up kids. Cold weather and seasonal darkness. Final exams, sporting events and recitals. Absent romantic partners. Profound loneliness . . . Individually, we can handle each of these stressors as they come. But during the holidays, everything hits at once and can become overwhelming for anyone!When we are stressed, we need to be sure we are coping with it in the best ways possible. When stress gets the best of us, we may turn to less healthy means of coping. Here are some ways to make the season less stressful and more fun.1. Don’t over schedule yourselfThe holiday season is a time of parties and other social gatherings. Remember that you don't have to do it all. Figure out what you really enjoy versus what you feel you’re supposed to do.Focus the majority of your energy and time on activities that are fun for you.2. Simplify travel and limit car timeTravel can be especially stressful during the holiday season. If you must travel, do what you can to make it as easy as possible on yourself. Try to get direct flights or at least minimize the number of stops along the way. You'll avoid the stress of having to rush from one plane to the next or having to wait around for long periods of time.Many people complain about spending too much time in the car during the holiday season driving from one gathering to the next. This can be exhausting. If possible, limit your driving to one or two events that you truly want to attend. It's part of setting healthy boundaries and keeping a reasonable schedule.3. Make a budgetFor many, the holidays are a time of gift giving. This can be a lot of fun, but it can also be financially stressful. Go make a budget now and stay within the spending limits that you have set.You're not obligated to spend beyond your means, and you will very likely regret it if you do.4. Be responsible about food and alcohol consumptionDo your best to stick with healthy eating choices. Don't overdue the sugar. Moderation is key, especially with holiday treats and alcohol. Many of us succumb to the pressure to overeat or drink to excess during the holidays. But too much sugar messes up your natural hormone responses, blood sugar, insulin levels, and your brain’s neurotransmitters (the body’s chemical messengers). Try to stay within your usual guidelines for healthy eating and responsible drinking. Remember to drink plenty of water to stay hydrated.5. Enjoy family on your terms and set boundariesWhile it can be enjoyable to see family during the holidays, some people find extended family time to be stressful. Do whatever you need to do to take care of yourself. If necessary, take a break from the gathering. Go for a walk. Call someone you enjoy talking to. Take some alone time if you need it. And then you decide what you can handle around the plans that are made whether it is around traveling, food, hosting, and money spent.6. Take time for yourselfConsider giving yourself the gift of time during the holidays. Take a break from rushing around, shopping, cooking, and cleaning. Set aside time to read a good book, watch your favorite movie, go for a bike ride or take a nap. Skip social media and screen time and spend more time looking in your loved ones eyes and choose human connection rather than the screen time. Your mental health will thank you.7. Honor the losses of the yearThe holidays can be especially challenging for those of us who have lost loved ones. Be sure to make space for your grief. Consider changing up your traditions to make your feelings of loss more manageable. You can also find a new way to weave in the memory of your loved one into your existing holiday traditions.8. Don't forget routine maintenanceGet plenty of sleep. Eat regularly. Exercise. Get a massage. Meditate. Don't forget to breathe. And don’t forget to get outside and move. I don’t care how cold it is—put on some extra layers and just do it (or at least get into the gym). Exercise helps your body process and release stress hormones, and nature is important for our emotional and physical health. Here are some ways you can stay active during the holidays:· Bundle up and go on a walk to see Christmas lights in the neighborhood.· Get an epic snowball fight going with the neighbors (play is exercise too).· Walk through a Christmas tree farm.· Go ice-skating.· Build a snowman in the front yard.· Go for a hike or nature walk.· Go sledding.Nobody wants to be sick at Christmastime—and exercising, getting outside, and resting are all natural immune-boosting activities that will help you feel strong, peaceful and healthy.Try and stick to your normal routine as much as possible.9. Reach out if you need helpIf you know that this time of year is typically hard for you, lean on your friends and family. Talk to them about how you're feeling and let them help you set boundaries and practice self-care. If you are experiencing a mental health crisis, call or text 988 or explore the 988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline.Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu.

KOERNER: Holiday stress

By ALICIA BOOR Cottonwood Extension District

Merry Christmas Everyone! At this time of year, we bring plants into our house to help decorate for the season. Many of these, such as trees and poinsettias are removed and discarded at the end of the season, but Christmas Cactus are plants that you can enjoy all year long! I found a short article on them to share with you this week that goes over care if you have one already, or what to do if you are looking at getting a Cactus. I hope you enjoy this and I hope each and every one of you has a Very Merry Christmas!

Christmas Cactus (Schlumbergera bridgesii) and Thanksgiving Cactus (Schlumbergera truncata) are epiphytes native to the jungles of South America. Epiphytic plants grow on other plants and use them for support but not for nutrients. Though these cacti are different species, they will hybridize and produce varying stem shapes. Christmas cactus normally has smooth stem segments, and Thanksgiving Cactus has hook-like appendages on each segment. Both of these cacti prefer bright indirect light. Too much sun can result in the leaves turning yellow. Common household temperatures are fine. Soil should be kept constantly moist but not waterlogged. Give them a light fertilization every other week. Blooming will normally cease in late winter to early spring, but continue to keep them moist and fertilized until fall. During the fall, stop fertilizing, and give the plants only enough water so the stems do not shrivel in order to encourage flower bud formation. Though these plants seem to flower best if kept a little pot bound, flowers will diminish if they are too crowded. If you haven't repotted in several years, or if you notice a decrease in flowering from the previous year, move the plant to a larger pot in the spring. If possible, move the plants outside for the summer. Choose a shady spot because these plants will not tolerate full sun. Leave the plants outside until frost threatens. Normally, the plants will have received enough cool nights in the 50- to 55-degree range that flower buds will have formed. However, if they haven't, subjecting the plants to nights greater than 12 hours long and temperatures between 59 and 69 degrees can also generate flowers. Twenty-five consecutive long nights is enough for flower initiation. Place the plants in an unused room or cover them with a dark cloth or cardboard box to insure that they receive uninterrupted darkness. After the flower buds have formed, it takes an additional nine to 10 weeks for flowers to complete development and bloom.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1698682262753.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By ALICIA BOOR Cottonwood Extension DistrictMerry Christmas Everyone! At this time of year, we bring plants into our house to help decorate for the season. Many of these, such as trees and poinsettias are removed and discarded at the end of the season, but Christmas Cactus are plants that you can enjoy all year long! I found a short article on them to share with you this week that goes over care if you have one already, or what to do if you are looking at getting a Cactus. I hope you enjoy this and I hope each and every one of you has a Very Merry Christmas!Christmas Cactus (Schlumbergera bridgesii) and Thanksgiving Cactus (Schlumbergera truncata) are epiphytes native to the jungles of South America. Epiphytic plants grow on other plants and use them for support but not for nutrients. Though these cacti are different species, they will hybridize and produce varying stem shapes. Christmas cactus normally has smooth stem segments, and Thanksgiving Cactus has hook-like appendages on each segment. Both of these cacti prefer bright indirect light. Too much sun can result in the leaves turning yellow. Common household temperatures are fine. Soil should be kept constantly moist but not waterlogged. Give them a light fertilization every other week. Blooming will normally cease in late winter to early spring, but continue to keep them moist and fertilized until fall. During the fall, stop fertilizing, and give the plants only enough water so the stems do not shrivel in order to encourage flower bud formation. Though these plants seem to flower best if kept a little pot bound, flowers will diminish if they are too crowded. If you haven't repotted in several years, or if you notice a decrease in flowering from the previous year, move the plant to a larger pot in the spring. If possible, move the plants outside for the summer. Choose a shady spot because these plants will not tolerate full sun. Leave the plants outside until frost threatens. Normally, the plants will have received enough cool nights in the 50- to 55-degree range that flower buds will have formed. However, if they haven't, subjecting the plants to nights greater than 12 hours long and temperatures between 59 and 69 degrees can also generate flowers. Twenty-five consecutive long nights is enough for flower initiation. Place the plants in an unused room or cover them with a dark cloth or cardboard box to insure that they receive uninterrupted darkness. After the flower buds have formed, it takes an additional nine to 10 weeks for flowers to complete development and bloom.Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

BOOR: Christmas cactus

The Environmental Protection Agency has required each state to update their certification and training plans, which outline private and commercial pesticide certification in Kansas for agricultural producers.

Starting January 1, 2025 there will be three options for applicators to receive certification. These include:

· Closed-book examination (We will still offer this option at the Extension Office)

· Attend an in-person training to obtain certification

· Complete an online training that will be released

The new options to be able to get a private pesticide certification will also be the same for a producer to recertify.

Farmers &amp; ranchers--if you need to get your private applicator license, DO NOT DELAY and get to your local County of District Extension Office before the Christmas Holiday.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By STACY CAMPBELL Cottonwood Extension DistrictThe Environmental Protection Agency has required each state to update their certification and training plans, which outline private and commercial pesticide certification in Kansas for agricultural producers.Starting January 1, 2025 there will be three options for applicators to receive certification. These include:· Closed-book examination (We will still offer this option at the Extension Office)· Attend an in-person training to obtain certification· Complete an online training that will be releasedThe new options to be able to get a private pesticide certification will also be the same for a producer to recertify.Farmers &amp; ranchers--if you need to get your private applicator license, DO NOT DELAY and get to your local County of District Extension Office before the Christmas Holiday.

CAMPBELL: Private pesticide applicator licensing, recertification changes announced

The Kansas Department of Transportation announces approved bids for state highway construction and maintenance projects. The letting took place Nov. 20, 2024, in Topeka. Some of the bids may include multiple projects that have been bundled based on proximity and type of work.

Marshall ‑&nbsp;36‑58 KA‑7566‑01 – U.S. 36, beginning at the Marshall/Osborne county line east to 4th Street in Marysville, milling and overlay, 8.2 miles, Hall Brothers Inc., Marysville, Kansas, $3,940,197.72.

Marshall ‑&nbsp;99‑58 KA‑7544‑01 ‑ K‑99, beginning at the K‑99/U.S. 36 junction north to the Kansas/Nebraska state line, milling and overlay, 14.5 miles, Hall Brothers Inc., Marysville, Kansas, $3,338,224.36.

Wyandotte ‑&nbsp;69‑105 KA‑4881‑02 ‑ Bridge #132 over Ruby Avenue; bridge #134 over Metropolitan Avenue; bridge #136 over 18th Street Expressway; bridge #138 over KCT Railway; bridge #140 over Osage Avenue, bridge replacement, 0.9 mile, Hawkins Construction Co., Omaha, Nebraska, $121,849,845.46.

Wyandotte ‑&nbsp;5‑105 KA‑7472‑01 ‑ K‑5, beginning at the I‑635/K‑5 junction east to the McCormick Road/Sunshine Road junction, milling and overlay, 2.1 miles, J M Fahey Construction Company, Grandview, Missouri, $1,615,655.75.

Ellsworth ‑&nbsp;14‑27 KA‑7535‑01 ‑ K‑14, beginning at the K‑14/K‑140 junction north to the I‑70/K‑14 junction, milling and overlay, 7.4 miles, Venture Corporation, Great Bend, Kansas, $1,630,009.16.

Ellsworth ‑&nbsp;4‑27 KA‑7536‑01 ‑ K‑4, beginning at the Ellsworth/Rice county line east to the Ellsworth/McPherson county line, milling and overlay, 6.7 miles, 7.4 miles, Venture Corporation, Great Bend, Kansas, $1,634,016.40

Ellsworth ‑&nbsp;111‑27 KA‑7573‑01 ‑ K‑111 beginning at the north city limits of Kanopolis to the K‑111/K‑156 junction, milling and overlay, 5.3 miles, Venture Corporation, Great Bend, Kansas, $868,571.20.

McPherson ‑&nbsp;4‑59 KA‑7537‑01 ‑ K‑4, beginning at the Ellsworth/McPherson county line east and north to the McPherson/Saline county line (exclude the city of Lindsborg), milling and overlay, 15.7 miles, Venture Corporation, Great Bend, Kansas, $3,310,335.50.

Saline ‑&nbsp;4‑85 KA‑7538‑01 ‑ K‑4, beginning at the McPherson/Saline county line east to the I‑135/K‑4 junction, milling and overlay, 1.2 miles, Venture Corporation, Great Bend, Kansas, $238,538.20.

Ellis ‑&nbsp;183‑26 KA‑7520‑01 – U.S. 183, beginning at the end of portland cement concrete pavement (PCCP) north of 55th Street north to the Rooks/Ellis county line, milling and overlay, 15.1 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $3,303,459.94.

Gove ‑&nbsp;23‑32 KA‑7521‑01 ‑ K‑23, beginning at the Lane/Gove county line north to the south city limits of Gove City, milling and overlay, 17.8 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $3,273,602.96.

Rooks ‑&nbsp;183‑82 KA‑7517‑01 – U.S. 183, beginning at the U.S. 183/K‑18 junction north to the S Road/U.S. 183 junction, milling and overlay, 4.8 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $858,151.43.

Rooks ‑&nbsp;183‑82 KA‑7519‑01 – U.S. 183, beginning at the Rooks/Ellis county line north to the K‑18/U.S. 183 junction, milling and overlay, 7.2 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $1,649,957.90.

Rooks ‑&nbsp;18‑82 KA‑7518‑01 ‑ K‑18, beginning at the 5 Road/K‑18 junction east to 0.48 mile east of the east city limits of Plainville, ultra thin bonded asphalt surfacing, 12.8 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $1,412,383.80.

Allen ‑&nbsp;59‑1 KA‑7529‑01 – U.S. 59, beginning at the Neosho/Allen county line north to the Allen/Anderson county line, ultra thin bonded asphalt surfacing, 21.2 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $2,546,836.47.

Anderson ‑&nbsp;169‑2 KA‑7534‑01 – U.S. 169, beginning at the Allen/Anderson county line north to 0.59 mile north of the K‑58/U.S. 169 junction, milling and overlay, 4.3 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $759,965.64.

Anderson ‑&nbsp;59‑2 KA‑7530‑01 – U.S. 59, beginning at the Allen/Anderson county line north to the U.S. 169/U.S. 59 south junction, milling and overlay, 15.1 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $3,751,122.83

Cherokee ‑&nbsp;7‑11 KA‑1586‑02 ‑ K‑7, intersection of K‑7/Star Valley Road (along the north side of Star Valley Road), special, Heck &amp; Wicker Inc., Parsons, Kansas, $578,529.65.

Cherokee ‑&nbsp;166‑11 KA‑7453‑01 – U.S. 166, from the Labette/Cherokee county line east to the west city limits of Baxter Springs, milling and overlay, 18.2 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $3,002,160.44.

Crawford ‑&nbsp;47‑19 KA‑7452‑01 ‑ K‑47, from the east city limits of Girard east to the U.S. 69/K‑47 junction, milling and overlay, 7.0 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $1,154,458.48.

Elk ‑&nbsp;160‑25 KA‑7531‑01 – U.S. 160, beginning at the Elk/Cowley county line east to the U.S. 160/K‑99 west junction, milling and overlay, 13.6 miles, Venture Corporation, Great Bend, Kansas, $1,697,425.00.

Elk ‑&nbsp;160‑25 KA‑7533‑01 – U.S. 160, beginning at the U.S. 160/K‑99 east junction east to the east city limits of Longton, milling and overlay, 11.5 miles, Venture Corporation, Great Bend, Kansas, $1,615,577.90

Elk ‑&nbsp;160‑25 KA‑7532‑01 – U.S. 160, beginning at the east city limits of Longton east to the Elk/Montgomery county line, milling and overlay, 7.9 miles, Venture Corporation, Great Bend, Kansas, $1,181,313.90.

Labette ‑&nbsp;166‑50 KA‑7461‑01 – U.S. 166, beginning at the Montgomery/Labette county line east to the U.S. 59/U.S. 166 north junction; then U.S. 59/U.S. 166 south junction east to the Labette/Cherokee county line, milling and overlay, 24.2 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $4,289,100.83

Rice ‑&nbsp;56‑80 KA‑6455‑01 – U.S. 56 at two locations - beginning 0.25 mile east of 10th Road, east to 0.14 mile east of 11th Road, guard fence, 1.0 mile, L &amp; M Contractors Inc., Great Bend, Kansas, $568,091.25.

Sedgwick ‑&nbsp;42‑87 KA‑7457‑01 ‑ K‑42, 4-lane/2-lane transition (West MacArthur Road) northeast to South Hoover Road, overlay, 3.9 miles, APAC-Kansas Inc. Shears Division, Hutchinson, Kansas, $1,947,992.45.

Greeley ‑&nbsp;96‑36 KA‑7539‑01 ‑ K‑96, beginning at the Colorado/Kansas state line east to the K‑27/K‑96 junction, milling and overlay, 15.9 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $5,981,427.03.

Hamilton ‑&nbsp;27‑38 KA‑7540‑01 ‑ K‑27, beginning at the U.S. 50/K‑27 west junction north to the Greeley/Hamilton county line, milling and overlay, 19.4 miles Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $2,913,003.20.

Wichita ‑&nbsp;25‑102 KA‑7541‑01 ‑ K‑25, beginning at the Kearny/Wichita county line north to the K‑96/K‑25 junction, milling and overlay, 19.1 miles, Venture Corporation, Great Bend, Kansas, $2,344,621.49.

Wichita ‑&nbsp;25‑102 KA‑7542‑01 ‑ K‑25, beginning at the K‑96/K‑25 junction north to the Wichita/Logan county line, milling and overlay, 15.2 miles, Venture Corporation, Great Bend, Kansas, $1,987,573.70.

The following projects have been approved from the Oct. 16, 2024, letting.

Brown ‑&nbsp;36‑7 KA‑6450‑01 – U.S. 36, from west city limits in Fairview to east city limits, grading and surfacing, 0.6 mile, Ebert Construction Co Inc &amp; Subsidiary, Wamego, Kansas, $2,297,375.52.

Leavenworth ‑&nbsp;52 N‑0773‑01 – Basehor, trail between 155th Street and 158th Street, pedestrian and bicycle paths, 1.0 mile, Kings Construction Co. Inc., Oskaloosa, Kansas, $1,379,597.35.

Riley ‑&nbsp;82‑81 KA‑7468‑01 – K‑82, from the U.S. 77/K‑82 north junction north to the U.S. 24/K‑82 junction, milling and overlay, 4.0 miles, Shilling Construction Co. Inc., Manhattan, Kansas, $1,417,916.43.

Riley ‑&nbsp;81 TE‑0525‑01 – Juliette Avenue, from Pierre Street to Poyntz Avenue in Manhattan, surfacing, 0.1 mile, Bayer Construction Co. Inc., Manhattan, Kansas, $1,210,882.95.

Wyandotte ‑&nbsp;105 N‑0779‑01 – Kansas Avenue, located approximately 0.33 mile west of U.S. 69, pedestrian and bicycle paths, 0.1 mile, Gunter Construction Company, Kansas City, Kansas, $673,235.50.

Wyandotte ‑&nbsp;105 N‑0781‑01 – Trailhead on North James Street at Kansas City levee access point, pedestrian and bicycle paths, 0.1 mile, Multicon Inc., Park City, Kansas, $317,151.52.

Marion ‑&nbsp;77‑57 KA‑7490‑01 – U.S. 77, from 0.14 mile north of the U.S. 50/U.S. 77 junction north to 0.28 mile south of the U.S. 56/K‑150/U.S. 77 junction, milling and overlay, 8.3 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $1,598,626.62.

Marion ‑&nbsp;50‑57 KA‑7491‑01 – U.S. 50, from 0.32 mile east of the U.S. 50/U.S. 77 junction east to the Marion/Chase county line, overlay, 5.7 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $1,929,159.25.

Ellis ‑&nbsp;26 C‑5221‑01 – County bridge, over Big Creek located 6.0 miles south and 1.0 mile west of Walker, bridge replacement, 0.2 mile, L &amp; M Contractors Inc., Great Bend, Kansas, $673,540.75.

Smith ‑&nbsp;281‑92 KA‑7481‑01 – U.S. 281 from the Smith/Osborne county Line north to the south city limits of Smith Center, milling and overlay, 13.0 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $2,841,723.91.

Harvey ‑&nbsp;50‑40 KA‑7460‑01 – U.S. 50, hot mix asphalt south of the I‑135/U.S. 50 junction east to the Harvey/Marion county line, milling and overlay, 11.7 miles, APAC-Kansas Inc. Shears Division, Hutchinson, Kansas, $2,705,193.91.

Seward ‑&nbsp;54‑88 KA‑7501‑01 – U.S. 54, from 0.48 mile northeast of Road R northeast to the Meade/Seward county line, milling and overlay, 8.4 miles, J &amp; R Sand Company Inc., Liberal, Kansas, $2,113,474.59.

Chase ‑&nbsp;9 C‑5219‑01 – County bridge, over Cottonwood River located 0.8 mile west of Cedar Point, bridge replacement, 0.2 mile, A M Cohron &amp; Son Inc., Atlantic, Iowa,&nbsp;$1,748,517.51.

Statewide ‑&nbsp;106 KA‑6712‑01 – I‑35, I‑635 and U.S. 69 in Kansas City Metro, intelligent transportation system, Capital Electric Line Builders Inc., Parkville, Missouri, $2,705,470.00.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1698160100766.jpeg" alt="File photo" />
 <figcaption>File photo</figcaption>
 </figure>KDOTThe Kansas Department of Transportation announces approved bids for state highway construction and maintenance projects. The letting took place Nov. 20, 2024, in Topeka. Some of the bids may include multiple projects that have been bundled based on proximity and type of work.District One — NortheastMarshall ‑&nbsp;36‑58 KA‑7566‑01 – U.S. 36, beginning at the Marshall/Osborne county line east to 4th Street in Marysville, milling and overlay, 8.2 miles, Hall Brothers Inc., Marysville, Kansas, $3,940,197.72.Marshall ‑&nbsp;99‑58 KA‑7544‑01 ‑ K‑99, beginning at the K‑99/U.S. 36 junction north to the Kansas/Nebraska state line, milling and overlay, 14.5 miles, Hall Brothers Inc., Marysville, Kansas, $3,338,224.36.Wyandotte ‑&nbsp;69‑105 KA‑4881‑02 ‑ Bridge #132 over Ruby Avenue; bridge #134 over Metropolitan Avenue; bridge #136 over 18th Street Expressway; bridge #138 over KCT Railway; bridge #140 over Osage Avenue, bridge replacement, 0.9 mile, Hawkins Construction Co., Omaha, Nebraska, $121,849,845.46.Wyandotte ‑&nbsp;5‑105 KA‑7472‑01 ‑ K‑5, beginning at the I‑635/K‑5 junction east to the McCormick Road/Sunshine Road junction, milling and overlay, 2.1 miles, J M Fahey Construction Company, Grandview, Missouri, $1,615,655.75.District Two — North CentralEllsworth ‑&nbsp;14‑27 KA‑7535‑01 ‑ K‑14, beginning at the K‑14/K‑140 junction north to the I‑70/K‑14 junction, milling and overlay, 7.4 miles, Venture Corporation, Great Bend, Kansas, $1,630,009.16.Ellsworth ‑&nbsp;4‑27 KA‑7536‑01 ‑ K‑4, beginning at the Ellsworth/Rice county line east to the Ellsworth/McPherson county line, milling and overlay, 6.7 miles, 7.4 miles, Venture Corporation, Great Bend, Kansas, $1,634,016.40Ellsworth ‑&nbsp;111‑27 KA‑7573‑01 ‑ K‑111 beginning at the north city limits of Kanopolis to the K‑111/K‑156 junction, milling and overlay, 5.3 miles, Venture Corporation, Great Bend, Kansas, $868,571.20.McPherson ‑&nbsp;4‑59 KA‑7537‑01 ‑ K‑4, beginning at the Ellsworth/McPherson county line east and north to the McPherson/Saline county line (exclude the city of Lindsborg), milling and overlay, 15.7 miles, Venture Corporation, Great Bend, Kansas, $3,310,335.50.Saline ‑&nbsp;4‑85 KA‑7538‑01 ‑ K‑4, beginning at the McPherson/Saline county line east to the I‑135/K‑4 junction, milling and overlay, 1.2 miles, Venture Corporation, Great Bend, Kansas, $238,538.20.District Three — NorthwestEllis ‑&nbsp;183‑26 KA‑7520‑01 – U.S. 183, beginning at the end of portland cement concrete pavement (PCCP) north of 55th Street north to the Rooks/Ellis county line, milling and overlay, 15.1 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $3,303,459.94.Gove ‑&nbsp;23‑32 KA‑7521‑01 ‑ K‑23, beginning at the Lane/Gove county line north to the south city limits of Gove City, milling and overlay, 17.8 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $3,273,602.96.Rooks ‑&nbsp;183‑82 KA‑7517‑01 – U.S. 183, beginning at the U.S. 183/K‑18 junction north to the S Road/U.S. 183 junction, milling and overlay, 4.8 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $858,151.43.Rooks ‑&nbsp;183‑82 KA‑7519‑01 – U.S. 183, beginning at the Rooks/Ellis county line north to the K‑18/U.S. 183 junction, milling and overlay, 7.2 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $1,649,957.90.Rooks ‑&nbsp;18‑82 KA‑7518‑01 ‑ K‑18, beginning at the 5 Road/K‑18 junction east to 0.48 mile east of the east city limits of Plainville, ultra thin bonded asphalt surfacing, 12.8 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $1,412,383.80.District Four — SoutheastAllen ‑&nbsp;59‑1 KA‑7529‑01 – U.S. 59, beginning at the Neosho/Allen county line north to the Allen/Anderson county line, ultra thin bonded asphalt surfacing, 21.2 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $2,546,836.47.Anderson ‑&nbsp;169‑2 KA‑7534‑01 – U.S. 169, beginning at the Allen/Anderson county line north to 0.59 mile north of the K‑58/U.S. 169 junction, milling and overlay, 4.3 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $759,965.64.Anderson ‑&nbsp;59‑2 KA‑7530‑01 – U.S. 59, beginning at the Allen/Anderson county line north to the U.S. 169/U.S. 59 south junction, milling and overlay, 15.1 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $3,751,122.83Cherokee ‑&nbsp;7‑11 KA‑1586‑02 ‑ K‑7, intersection of K‑7/Star Valley Road (along the north side of Star Valley Road), special, Heck &amp; Wicker Inc., Parsons, Kansas, $578,529.65.Cherokee ‑&nbsp;166‑11 KA‑7453‑01 – U.S. 166, from the Labette/Cherokee county line east to the west city limits of Baxter Springs, milling and overlay, 18.2 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $3,002,160.44.Crawford ‑&nbsp;47‑19 KA‑7452‑01 ‑ K‑47, from the east city limits of Girard east to the U.S. 69/K‑47 junction, milling and overlay, 7.0 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $1,154,458.48.Elk ‑&nbsp;160‑25 KA‑7531‑01 – U.S. 160, beginning at the Elk/Cowley county line east to the U.S. 160/K‑99 west junction, milling and overlay, 13.6 miles, Venture Corporation, Great Bend, Kansas, $1,697,425.00.Elk ‑&nbsp;160‑25 KA‑7533‑01 – U.S. 160, beginning at the U.S. 160/K‑99 east junction east to the east city limits of Longton, milling and overlay, 11.5 miles, Venture Corporation, Great Bend, Kansas, $1,615,577.90Elk ‑&nbsp;160‑25 KA‑7532‑01 – U.S. 160, beginning at the east city limits of Longton east to the Elk/Montgomery county line, milling and overlay, 7.9 miles, Venture Corporation, Great Bend, Kansas, $1,181,313.90.Labette ‑&nbsp;166‑50 KA‑7461‑01 – U.S. 166, beginning at the Montgomery/Labette county line east to the U.S. 59/U.S. 166 north junction; then U.S. 59/U.S. 166 south junction east to the Labette/Cherokee county line, milling and overlay, 24.2 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $4,289,100.83District Five — South CentralRice ‑&nbsp;56‑80 KA‑6455‑01 – U.S. 56 at two locations - beginning 0.25 mile east of 10th Road, east to 0.14 mile east of 11th Road, guard fence, 1.0 mile, L &amp; M Contractors Inc., Great Bend, Kansas, $568,091.25.Sedgwick ‑&nbsp;42‑87 KA‑7457‑01 ‑ K‑42, 4-lane/2-lane transition (West MacArthur Road) northeast to South Hoover Road, overlay, 3.9 miles, APAC-Kansas Inc. Shears Division, Hutchinson, Kansas, $1,947,992.45.District Six — SouthwestGreeley ‑&nbsp;96‑36 KA‑7539‑01 ‑ K‑96, beginning at the Colorado/Kansas state line east to the K‑27/K‑96 junction, milling and overlay, 15.9 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $5,981,427.03.Hamilton ‑&nbsp;27‑38 KA‑7540‑01 ‑ K‑27, beginning at the U.S. 50/K‑27 west junction north to the Greeley/Hamilton county line, milling and overlay, 19.4 miles Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $2,913,003.20.Wichita ‑&nbsp;25‑102 KA‑7541‑01 ‑ K‑25, beginning at the Kearny/Wichita county line north to the K‑96/K‑25 junction, milling and overlay, 19.1 miles, Venture Corporation, Great Bend, Kansas, $2,344,621.49.Wichita ‑&nbsp;25‑102 KA‑7542‑01 ‑ K‑25, beginning at the K‑96/K‑25 junction north to the Wichita/Logan county line, milling and overlay, 15.2 miles, Venture Corporation, Great Bend, Kansas, $1,987,573.70.The following projects have been approved from the Oct. 16, 2024, letting.Brown ‑&nbsp;36‑7 KA‑6450‑01 – U.S. 36, from west city limits in Fairview to east city limits, grading and surfacing, 0.6 mile, Ebert Construction Co Inc &amp; Subsidiary, Wamego, Kansas, $2,297,375.52.Leavenworth ‑&nbsp;52 N‑0773‑01 – Basehor, trail between 155th Street and 158th Street, pedestrian and bicycle paths, 1.0 mile, Kings Construction Co. Inc., Oskaloosa, Kansas, $1,379,597.35.Riley ‑&nbsp;82‑81 KA‑7468‑01 – K‑82, from the U.S. 77/K‑82 north junction north to the U.S. 24/K‑82 junction, milling and overlay, 4.0 miles, Shilling Construction Co. Inc., Manhattan, Kansas, $1,417,916.43.Riley ‑&nbsp;81 TE‑0525‑01 – Juliette Avenue, from Pierre Street to Poyntz Avenue in Manhattan, surfacing, 0.1 mile, Bayer Construction Co. Inc., Manhattan, Kansas, $1,210,882.95.Wyandotte ‑&nbsp;105 N‑0779‑01 – Kansas Avenue, located approximately 0.33 mile west of U.S. 69, pedestrian and bicycle paths, 0.1 mile, Gunter Construction Company, Kansas City, Kansas, $673,235.50.Wyandotte ‑&nbsp;105 N‑0781‑01 – Trailhead on North James Street at Kansas City levee access point, pedestrian and bicycle paths, 0.1 mile, Multicon Inc., Park City, Kansas, $317,151.52.Marion ‑&nbsp;77‑57 KA‑7490‑01 – U.S. 77, from 0.14 mile north of the U.S. 50/U.S. 77 junction north to 0.28 mile south of the U.S. 56/K‑150/U.S. 77 junction, milling and overlay, 8.3 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $1,598,626.62.Marion ‑&nbsp;50‑57 KA‑7491‑01 – U.S. 50, from 0.32 mile east of the U.S. 50/U.S. 77 junction east to the Marion/Chase county line, overlay, 5.7 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $1,929,159.25.Ellis ‑&nbsp;26 C‑5221‑01 – County bridge, over Big Creek located 6.0 miles south and 1.0 mile west of Walker, bridge replacement, 0.2 mile, L &amp; M Contractors Inc., Great Bend, Kansas, $673,540.75.Smith ‑&nbsp;281‑92 KA‑7481‑01 – U.S. 281 from the Smith/Osborne county Line north to the south city limits of Smith Center, milling and overlay, 13.0 miles, Bettis Asphalt &amp; Construction Inc., Topeka, Kansas, $2,841,723.91.Harvey ‑&nbsp;50‑40 KA‑7460‑01 – U.S. 50, hot mix asphalt south of the I‑135/U.S. 50 junction east to the Harvey/Marion county line, milling and overlay, 11.7 miles, APAC-Kansas Inc. Shears Division, Hutchinson, Kansas, $2,705,193.91.Seward ‑&nbsp;54‑88 KA‑7501‑01 – U.S. 54, from 0.48 mile northeast of Road R northeast to the Meade/Seward county line, milling and overlay, 8.4 miles, J &amp; R Sand Company Inc., Liberal, Kansas, $2,113,474.59.Chase ‑&nbsp;9 C‑5219‑01 – County bridge, over Cottonwood River located 0.8 mile west of Cedar Point, bridge replacement, 0.2 mile, A M Cohron &amp; Son Inc., Atlantic, Iowa,&nbsp;$1,748,517.51.Statewide ‑&nbsp;106 KA‑6712‑01 – I‑35, I‑635 and U.S. 69 in Kansas City Metro, intelligent transportation system, Capital Electric Line Builders Inc., Parkville, Missouri, $2,705,470.00.

KDOT announces approved November bids

It’s a challenging question of self-discovery, but those who can answer it tend to live longer, more satisfied lives.

Usually, physical health is the factor that comes to mind when considering life expectancy. However, a positive outlook, specifically, one that gets you out of bed in the morning can extend your life.

In the Okinawan culture, this is known as Ikigai, and it may be worthwhile to take notes from this group as a significant number of them live to see their 100th birthday. But, don’t just take it from lived experience, multiple studies have also discovered the longevity and life purpose connection.

While the relationship is fascinating, you may wonder, “What defines life purpose?”

Life purpose is broad and is defined differently by everyone. However, it generally indicates life aim and goals. One study found common themes of purpose related to:

Evaluating your beliefs and interests can help you find purpose and help you avoid the distractions of daily life. To capitalize on your personal mission, creating a list of goals can remind you about what is important in life, what you have done, and what you aim to accomplish.

In fact, having purpose extends life, but it can also be a coping mechanism that allows you to get through hard times.

Frank Martela, lead author of a recent study says it best, “A life of purpose can energize and give hope even during those moments when the conditions of one’s life leave one unsatisfied.”

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1697546908793.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>By KARISSA WINKEL Cottonwood Extension DistrictDo you know your life purpose?It’s a challenging question of self-discovery, but those who can answer it tend to live longer, more satisfied lives.Usually, physical health is the factor that comes to mind when considering life expectancy. However, a positive outlook, specifically, one that gets you out of bed in the morning can extend your life.In the Okinawan culture, this is known as Ikigai, and it may be worthwhile to take notes from this group as a significant number of them live to see their 100th birthday. But, don’t just take it from lived experience, multiple studies have also discovered the longevity and life purpose connection.While the relationship is fascinating, you may wonder, “What defines life purpose?”Life purpose is broad and is defined differently by everyone. However, it generally indicates life aim and goals. One study found common themes of purpose related to:· Family and relationships· Helping others· Learning· CommunityEvaluating your beliefs and interests can help you find purpose and help you avoid the distractions of daily life. To capitalize on your personal mission, creating a list of goals can remind you about what is important in life, what you have done, and what you aim to accomplish.In fact, having purpose extends life, but it can also be a coping mechanism that allows you to get through hard times.Frank Martela, lead author of a recent study says it best, “A life of purpose can energize and give hope even during those moments when the conditions of one’s life leave one unsatisfied.”Regardless of your personal mission, taking ownership of it can improve life expectancy and help you through trying times. With increased awareness and intention, it also has the potential to boost your performance in each role you take to heart.I encourage you to develop a personal mission and to make decisions based on it. After all, you only have one life, so literally (and figuratively) make the most of it!Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.