By KRISTI BIRCH
KU News Service
The second report on the state of nursing in Kansas was released by the Kansas Nursing Workforce Center, which is based at the University of Kansas School of Nursing.
The center formed in 2023 to address the shortage of nurses across the state.
Compiled from 25 sources that include state and national databases and surveys, the report provides information on the supply and characteristics of nurses in Kansas.
“We look at the data through different vantage points. We look at the demographics of nurses: Who are they? How were they educated? How old are they? Where (in what setting) do they practice? We look at the data geographically: Where are they located?” said Barbara MacArthur, M.N., FAAN, director of the Kansas Nursing Workforce Center and clinical associate professor at KU School of Nursing. “And we look at it in terms of access to care, because our mission is that wherever and whenever Kansans need care, they have access to it.”
The report helps hospitals, health care systems, long-term care facilities, nursing schools, government agencies and other stakeholders make informed decisions that increase and support the workforce in the state and ultimately improve the health of Kansans.
The first report, issued in September of 2024, provided a snapshot of the state of nursing in Kansas with one year of data from 2022. This second report is based on data covering 10 years, from 2015 to 2025.
The new report shows that the number of nurses in Kansas has declined since 2019, and the nursing workforce is aging — 22.1% of registered nurses (RNs) and 20.5% of licensed practical nurses (LPNs) are 60 or older — with not enough younger nurses replacing them. And 25.9% of RNs and 23.4% of LPNs are planning to retire or leave the profession in the next five years. The report also notes that the population in Kansas is aging as well, and aging populations require more care.
Meanwhile, 85% of Kansas nurses are actively employed, which is lower than the national average. “If you look at nurses holding a license in Kansas, it doesn’t appear we have a crisis,” said Terry Siek, MSN, director of clinical services at the Kansas Hospital Association. “We need to be better at helping people see beyond that statistic to understand that we have quite a few nurses with a license that do not practice in Kansas, or do not practice at all.”
Other findings from the report include:
• The ratio of nurses to Kansans has not grown in the last 10 years, and the ratio of LPNs available to care for Kansans (currently, one LPN for every 322 Kansans) has decreased sharply.
• Kansas has nursing care deserts, particularly in the western and southeast parts of the state. Five counties have fewer than 20 RNs and 41 counties have 20 or fewer LPNs. Five counties have no advanced practice nurses (APRNs), and 50 have fewer than 10 APRNs.
• Kansas nurses work more jobs and longer hours. The percentage of Kansas RNs who hold two or more jobs rose from 15.7% in 2015 to 21.9% in 2024; during that period, the percentage who work more than 40 hours a week rose from 23.8% to 30.8%.
• Wage gaps — between nurses who practice and those who teach — contribute to shortages of nursing faculty. These faculty are needed to train future nurses.
• Multiple pathways are available to become a nurse. The report provides data on the different education levels that can lead to a career in nursing. Nearly 54% of RNs in Kansas began their career with a baccalaureate degree, 31% started with an associate degree and just 8% started their career as an LPN.
Making different pathways to a nursing career known to potential future nurses is part of the Kansas Nursing Workforce Center’s work, MacArthur said. Earlier this year, the center received a $1 million grant from the Kansas Board of Regents to increase nursing school applications. In addition to creating a unified application for all schools that provide nursing education in the state, staff of the center plan to build a web-based tool for people interested in nursing education to show potential nursing students what the options are for a career in nursing.
“Nurses make a difference,” MacArthur said, noting that health outcomes are improved when there is a higher ratio of nurses for a population. “Kansans, wherever they are, need to have access to good nursing care.”