By ALICIA BOOR Cottonwood Extension District

With Kansas farmers facing rising financial pressures, Kansas State University is hosting a series of Agricultural Profitability conferences across the state, beginning in December and continuing through early February.

The conferences,&nbsp;Making ‘Cents’ of a Shifting Ag Economy,&nbsp;are organized by K-State’s Department of Agricultural Economics, offering insights into economic trends, farm policy, land values and strategies to maintain profitability during difficult times.

"The goal of this is to help crop producers deal with the struggling economy,” said department head Allen Featherstone. “In 2021, only 4.4% of Kansas farmers had a negative net farm income. But in 2024, that number jumped to 28.5%. Many producers are feeling the strain.”

Featherstone said federal government payments helped soften the blow in 2024, noting that $10 billion was distributed nationwide to support the farm economy.

“There’s talk of a $15 billion payment this fall,” Featherstone said. “If that occurs, it’s important for farmers to think through how they would invest that money to prepare for what could be a difficult 2026 and 2027.”

The conferences will focus on preparing farmers to navigate economic downturns, manage input costs, and take advantage of new opportunities.

“We want to help producers think through what they can do now to position themselves for when profitability improves,” Featherstone said.

K-State farm economist Robin Reid, one of the conference presenters, said this year’s topics include updates on agricultural policy, farm bill changes, and land values. Reid will be joined by Jenny Ifft, professor and Flinchbaugh Agricultural Policy Chair at K-State, to discuss provisions in the recently passed “One Big Beautiful Bill Act.”

“A lot of the elements we typically think of in a farm bill were in that act — enhancements to crop insurance, Agricultural Risk Coverage, Price Loss Coverage, and more,” Reid said. “While the changes are smaller in scope than past farm bills, they will be very beneficial to farmers.”

Reid added that the conferences will also discuss stress and mental health, as well as farm succession and retirement planning.

“There’s a generation of baby boomer farmers out there who may be thinking: ‘Do I want to go through a couple more years of low commodity prices?’” Reid said. “This may be the time to bring in the next generation and teach them how to manage through a down economy.”

She emphasized that despite the challenges, there are still opportunities for farmers.

“There will be marketing opportunities ahead, or possibilities to try new crops or diversifying operations. We don’t want these events to feel like it’s all doom and gloom,” she said. “We are promoting these as profitability conferences, and that’s our focus.”

Each event will include time for open discussion, giving attendees a chance to ask questions and share experiences with fellow producers and experts.“ Interaction during difficult times is important,” Featherstone said. “It helps farmers understand they’re not alone and that others have weathered downturns before.” 

Reid noted that conference panels will include K-State economists, Farm Service Agency personnel and others who can provide practical advice.

An online version of the conference will also be made available following the in-person events.&nbsp; Details will be announced at a later date.

For more details or updates, visit the AgManager website at&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://agmanager.info/profitability">https://agmanager.info/profitability</a>.

Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1698682229509.jpeg" alt="Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood&nbsp; Extension District. Courtesy photo" />
 <figcaption>Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood&nbsp; Extension District. Courtesy photo</figcaption>
 </figure>By ALICIA BOOR Cottonwood Extension DistrictWith Kansas farmers facing rising financial pressures, Kansas State University is hosting a series of Agricultural Profitability conferences across the state, beginning in December and continuing through early February.The conferences,&nbsp;Making ‘Cents’ of a Shifting Ag Economy,&nbsp;are organized by K-State’s Department of Agricultural Economics, offering insights into economic trends, farm policy, land values and strategies to maintain profitability during difficult times."The goal of this is to help crop producers deal with the struggling economy,” said department head Allen Featherstone. “In 2021, only 4.4% of Kansas farmers had a negative net farm income. But in 2024, that number jumped to 28.5%. Many producers are feeling the strain.”Featherstone said federal government payments helped soften the blow in 2024, noting that $10 billion was distributed nationwide to support the farm economy.“There’s talk of a $15 billion payment this fall,” Featherstone said. “If that occurs, it’s important for farmers to think through how they would invest that money to prepare for what could be a difficult 2026 and 2027.”The conferences will focus on preparing farmers to navigate economic downturns, manage input costs, and take advantage of new opportunities.“We want to help producers think through what they can do now to position themselves for when profitability improves,” Featherstone said.K-State farm economist Robin Reid, one of the conference presenters, said this year’s topics include updates on agricultural policy, farm bill changes, and land values. Reid will be joined by Jenny Ifft, professor and Flinchbaugh Agricultural Policy Chair at K-State, to discuss provisions in the recently passed “One Big Beautiful Bill Act.”“A lot of the elements we typically think of in a farm bill were in that act — enhancements to crop insurance, Agricultural Risk Coverage, Price Loss Coverage, and more,” Reid said. “While the changes are smaller in scope than past farm bills, they will be very beneficial to farmers.”Reid added that the conferences will also discuss stress and mental health, as well as farm succession and retirement planning.“There’s a generation of baby boomer farmers out there who may be thinking: ‘Do I want to go through a couple more years of low commodity prices?’” Reid said. “This may be the time to bring in the next generation and teach them how to manage through a down economy.”She emphasized that despite the challenges, there are still opportunities for farmers.“There will be marketing opportunities ahead, or possibilities to try new crops or diversifying operations. We don’t want these events to feel like it’s all doom and gloom,” she said. “We are promoting these as profitability conferences, and that’s our focus.”Each event will include time for open discussion, giving attendees a chance to ask questions and share experiences with fellow producers and experts.“ Interaction during difficult times is important,” Featherstone said. “It helps farmers understand they’re not alone and that others have weathered downturns before.” Reid noted that conference panels will include K-State economists, Farm Service Agency personnel and others who can provide practical advice.An online version of the conference will also be made available following the in-person events.&nbsp; Details will be announced at a later date.For more details or updates, visit the AgManager website at&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://agmanager.info/profitability">https://agmanager.info/profitability</a>.Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

BOOR: Agricultural Profitability conferences to assist farmers facing rising financial pressures

By STACY CAMPBELL Cottonwood Extension District

K-State Extension and the Northwest/North Central Extension Districts are hosting three Crop Pest Management Schools. The first one is set for Dec.9 in Colby at the City Limits Convention Center, 2227 S. Range Ave, the second one will take place on Dec. 10th in Hays at the K-State Ag Research Center, 1232 240th Ave., and Dec. 12 in Concordia at Cloud County Fairgrounds, 615 Industrial Road. All events will begin at 7:45 a.m. with registration and conclude at 5:00 p.m.

Join us in person to learn how to control the latest pests – weeds, insects, and diseases – affecting all crops in central and western Kansas!

7:45 Registration 8:05 Welcome 8:15 Navigating the Weather – Chip Redmond, K-State Meteorologist &amp; Mesonet Manger. 9:10 Water Quality, Spray Mixtures and Weed Control – Jeremie Kouamie, K-State Weed Scientist 10:05 Break 10:20 Is it Viral? Wheat Diseases to Watch For – Kelsey Anderson Onofre, K-State Wheat Pathologist. Jeanne Falk Jones, K-State NW Agronomist 11:15 Herbicides in Dry Environments and Label Updates – Sarah Lancaster, K-State Weed Specialist 12:10 Lunch 12:50 Making Pest Management Decisions– K-State NW Extension Agents 1:45 Fall Armyworms, Grasshoppers and Others to Scout – Anthony Zukoff, K-State Entomologist 2:40 Break 2:55 The Label Game – Sarah Lancaster, K-State Weed Specialist 3:50 Kansas Regulation (Core Hour) – Kansas Dept. of Ag 4:45 Questions/Adjourn

Commercial Applicators will earn 1 Core Hour &amp; 7 Hours for 1A, certified by the Kansas Department of Agriculture. Certified Crop Advisors (CCA) will also earn 8 Pest Management Credits have been applied for. These schools would also be an excellent educational opportunity for producers.

The cost to participate is $50 if registered by Dec. 2nd; and $75 if registered after Dec. 2nd. To register, go to <a href="https://www.wkrec.org/events/crop_pest_mngmnt_schl/">https://bit.ly/KSUCropPest</a> You can also scan the QR code below. If you register at the door, cash and checks will be accepted. We are unable to accept credit/debit cards at the door. If inclement weather occurs, the program will be held at a later date in an online format. Or you can attend at one of the other locations.

For questions, please contact Jeanne Falk-Jones, Multi-County Agronomist, at 785-462-6281 or Stacy Campbell, Cottonwood District at 785-628-9430.

Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2025/11/1763661515313.jpg" alt="Courtesy of Pixabay" />
 <figcaption>Courtesy of Pixabay</figcaption>
 </figure>By STACY CAMPBELL Cottonwood Extension DistrictK-State Extension and the Northwest/North Central Extension Districts are hosting three Crop Pest Management Schools. The first one is set for Dec.9 in Colby at the City Limits Convention Center, 2227 S. Range Ave, the second one will take place on Dec. 10th in Hays at the K-State Ag Research Center, 1232 240th Ave., and Dec. 12 in Concordia at Cloud County Fairgrounds, 615 Industrial Road. All events will begin at 7:45 a.m. with registration and conclude at 5:00 p.m.Join us in person to learn how to control the latest pests – weeds, insects, and diseases – affecting all crops in central and western Kansas!Event Schedule:7:45 Registration 8:05 Welcome 8:15 Navigating the Weather – Chip Redmond, K-State Meteorologist &amp; Mesonet Manger. 9:10 Water Quality, Spray Mixtures and Weed Control – Jeremie Kouamie, K-State Weed Scientist 10:05 Break 10:20 Is it Viral? Wheat Diseases to Watch For – Kelsey Anderson Onofre, K-State Wheat Pathologist. Jeanne Falk Jones, K-State NW Agronomist 11:15 Herbicides in Dry Environments and Label Updates – Sarah Lancaster, K-State Weed Specialist 12:10 Lunch 12:50 Making Pest Management Decisions– K-State NW Extension Agents 1:45 Fall Armyworms, Grasshoppers and Others to Scout – Anthony Zukoff, K-State Entomologist 2:40 Break 2:55 The Label Game – Sarah Lancaster, K-State Weed Specialist 3:50 Kansas Regulation (Core Hour) – Kansas Dept. of Ag 4:45 Questions/AdjournCommercial Applicators will earn 1 Core Hour &amp; 7 Hours for 1A, certified by the Kansas Department of Agriculture. Certified Crop Advisors (CCA) will also earn 8 Pest Management Credits have been applied for. These schools would also be an excellent educational opportunity for producers.The cost to participate is $50 if registered by Dec. 2nd; and $75 if registered after Dec. 2nd. To register, go to <a href="https://www.wkrec.org/events/crop_pest_mngmnt_schl/">https://bit.ly/KSUCropPest</a> You can also scan the QR code below. If you register at the door, cash and checks will be accepted. We are unable to accept credit/debit cards at the door. If inclement weather occurs, the program will be held at a later date in an online format. Or you can attend at one of the other locations.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2025/11/1763661432989.png" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>For questions, please contact Jeanne Falk-Jones, Multi-County Agronomist, at 785-462-6281 or Stacy Campbell, Cottonwood District at 785-628-9430.Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

Campbell: 2025 K-State crop pest management schools set for Dec. 9, 10, 12

On this episode of the Hays Post Podcast, Becky Kiser, news reporter, talks with Stacy Campbell, Cottonwood Extension District agriculture agent, about upcoming crop pest management schools and making arrangements for ag land leasing agreements.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/4/1650389030295.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>On this episode of the Hays Post Podcast, Becky Kiser, news reporter, talks with Stacy Campbell, Cottonwood Extension District agriculture agent, about upcoming crop pest management schools and making arrangements for ag land leasing agreements.

🎙 Post Podcast: Crop pest management school and ag land leasing agreements

On this episode of the Hays Post Podcast, news reporter Becky Kiser talks turkey with Monique Koerner, family and consumer wellness agent at the Cottonwood Extension District.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/4/1650389030295.jpeg" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure><div><iframe title="Post Podcast: Time to talk turkey" allowtransparency="true" height="300" width="100%" style="border: none; min-width: min(100%, 430px);height:300px;" scrolling="no" data-name="pb-iframe-player" src="https://www.podbean.com/player-v2/?from=embed&i=zgbft-19bf622-pb&square=1&share=1&download=1&fonts=Arial&skin=3267a3&font-color=auto&rtl=0&logo_link=podcast_page&btn-skin=60a0c8&size=300" loading="lazy" allowfullscreen=""></iframe></div>On this episode of the Hays Post Podcast, news reporter Becky Kiser talks turkey with Monique Koerner, family and consumer wellness agent at the Cottonwood Extension District.

🎙 Post Podcast: Time to talk turkey 

By MONIQUE KOERNER Cottonwood Extension District

· Fresh turkeys: Buy 1–2 days before cooking and keep refrigerated on a tray to catch drips. Do not buy fresh pre-stuffed turkeys—they can harbor bacteria.

· Frozen turkeys: Keep frozen until ready to thaw. Best quality within one year.

· Frozen pre-stuffed turkeys: Must display the USDA or State inspection mark. Do not thaw before cooking—cook from frozen and follow package directions. Allow 1¼ pounds per person.

1. Refrigerator (40 °F or below): Allow 24 hours per 4–5 pounds.

· 20–24 lbs: 5–6 days Can stay refrigerated 1–2 days after thawing.

2. Cold Water: Allow 30 minutes per pound. Change water every 30 minutes. Cook immediately after thawing.

3. Microwave: Follow the microwave’s manual for size, power, and time. Cook immediately after thawing—do not refreeze or refrigerate.

· Place turkey on a rack in a shallow roasting pan.

· Stuffing is safest cooked separately to ensure even heating. If stuffing the turkey, fill loosely and cook immediately. Stuffing must reach 165 °F.

· A whole turkey is safe when the innermost thigh, wing, and thickest breast reach 165 °F.

· Let turkey rest 20 minutes before carving.

Approximate Cooking Times (Unstuffed, 325 °F):

If cooking from frozen, allow at least 50% longer.

· Tuck wing tips under shoulders for even cooking.

· Use a foil tent for the first 1–1½ hours to prevent overbrowning.

· Always clean hands, utensils, and surfaces after contact with raw turkey or juices.

· Discard turkey, stuffing, or gravy left out over 2 hours (1 hour above 90 °F).

· Refrigerate or freeze leftovers in shallow containers within 2 hours.

· Use refrigerated leftovers within 3–4 days; frozen within 2–6 months.

· Oven: Set to 325 °F and heat turkey to 165 °F internal temperature. Add a little broth or water to keep moist.

· Microwave: Cover and rotate food; ensure internal temperature reaches 165 °F.

For safe cooking and storage guidance, contact:

USDA Meat and Poultry Hotline 1-888-MPHotline (1-888-674-6854) 10 a.m. – 6 p.m. ET, Monday–Friday mphotline@usda.gov www.fsis.usda.gov

Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension –&nbsp;Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or&nbsp;moniquek@ksu.edu

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2021/10/1635350563626.jpeg" alt="Photo by Unsplash" />
 <figcaption>Photo by Unsplash</figcaption>
 </figure>By MONIQUE KOERNER Cottonwood Extension DistrictFresh or Frozen?· Allow 1 pound of turkey per person.· Fresh turkeys: Buy 1–2 days before cooking and keep refrigerated on a tray to catch drips. Do not buy fresh pre-stuffed turkeys—they can harbor bacteria.· Frozen turkeys: Keep frozen until ready to thaw. Best quality within one year.· Frozen pre-stuffed turkeys: Must display the USDA or State inspection mark. Do not thaw before cooking—cook from frozen and follow package directions. Allow 1¼ pounds per person.Thawing Your TurkeyThree safe methods:1. Refrigerator (40 °F or below): Allow 24 hours per 4–5 pounds.· 4–12 lbs: 1–3 days· 12–16 lbs: 3–4 days· 16–20 lbs: 4–5 days· 20–24 lbs: 5–6 days Can stay refrigerated 1–2 days after thawing.2. Cold Water: Allow 30 minutes per pound. Change water every 30 minutes. Cook immediately after thawing.3. Microwave: Follow the microwave’s manual for size, power, and time. Cook immediately after thawing—do not refreeze or refrigerate.Reminder: Remove giblets before cooking.Roasting Your Turkey· Set oven to 325 °F or higher.· Place turkey on a rack in a shallow roasting pan.· Stuffing is safest cooked separately to ensure even heating. If stuffing the turkey, fill loosely and cook immediately. Stuffing must reach 165 °F.· A whole turkey is safe when the innermost thigh, wing, and thickest breast reach 165 °F.· Let turkey rest 20 minutes before carving.Approximate Cooking Times (Unstuffed, 325 °F):· 8–12 lbs: 2¾–3 hrs· 12–14 lbs: 3–3¾ hrs· 14–18 lbs: 3¾–4¼ hrs· 18–20 lbs: 4¼–4½ hrs· 20–24 lbs: 4½–5 hrsIf cooking from frozen, allow at least 50% longer.Optional Tips· Tuck wing tips under shoulders for even cooking.· Add ½ cup water to the pan.· Use a foil tent for the first 1–1½ hours to prevent overbrowning.· Always clean hands, utensils, and surfaces after contact with raw turkey or juices.Leftovers· Discard turkey, stuffing, or gravy left out over 2 hours (1 hour above 90 °F).· Refrigerate or freeze leftovers in shallow containers within 2 hours.· Use refrigerated leftovers within 3–4 days; frozen within 2–6 months.Reheating· Oven: Set to 325 °F and heat turkey to 165 °F internal temperature. Add a little broth or water to keep moist.· Microwave: Cover and rotate food; ensure internal temperature reaches 165 °F.Need Help?For safe cooking and storage guidance, contact:USDA Meat and Poultry Hotline 1-888-MPHotline (1-888-674-6854) 10 a.m. – 6 p.m. ET, Monday–Friday mphotline@usda.gov www.fsis.usda.govMonique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension –&nbsp;Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or&nbsp;moniquek@ksu.edu

KOERNER: Let’s talk turkey — Safe roasting tips

By STACY CAMPBELL Cottonwood Extension District

Beneficial rains have brought much-needed moisture to the Kansas wheat crop. However, the moisture can also trigger winter annual weeds, especially in fields with poor wheat stands or where continuous wheat or wheat-fallow rotations are used.

Like wheat, winter annual grasses typically emerge in the fall (although early spring emergence is possible). They go dormant during the coldest months, then resume growth and produce seeds in the spring. 

The weedy brome species cheatgrass (also known as downy brome), Japanese brome, and cheat are among the grass weeds most commonly found in Kansas wheat. Jointed goatgrass and feral rye are also prevalent and are especially challenging to control. Cheat and feral rye are typically found in the eastern parts of the state, whereas cheatgrass and jointed goatgrass are more often found in the west. 

For specific information about postemergence herbicides for controlling winter annual grasses, refer to the K-State Agronomy eUpdate electronic newsletter by typing that into your internet browser.

Considerations for Herbicide Applications

As a general rule, fall applications will provide better control of these weeds than spring applications. However, it is important to remember that weeds must be actively growing for herbicides to be effective. Be aware of the temperatures in your area to ensure weeds are not dormant. One temperature guideline to consider using is low temperatures above freezing and high temperatures above 50°F for three to five days before and after the application. 

Delaying applications until spring, when herbicide can be mixed with topdress fertilizer, is an option, although this can lead to greater yield loss due to competition and reduced herbicide efficacy. Furthermore, spring applications may not meet crop rotation intervals. Always read the herbicide label to determine recropping intervals and adjuvant requirements. The growth stage is also important when applying several of these herbicides.

Other Options: Crop Rotation and Seed Destruction

Crop rotation is an effective method of preventing winter annual weeds in wheat. One or more summer annual crops between wheat crops disrupts the life cycle of winter annual weeds, allowing for the use of other cultural and chemical methods for their control. Narrower row spacings or increased wheat seeding rates can make wheat more competitive with weeds.

In dry environments, seeding wheat deeper into moist soil may allow wheat to emerge before weedy brome seeds that must germinate from dry soil nearer the soil surface. Alternatively, delaying planting until after the first flush of weedy grasses has emerged may also be an effective cultural management practice when moisture is abundant.

Seed destruction of some winter annual grasses (cheatgrass, feral rye, and jointed goatgrass) at wheat harvest may be a viable option to reduce the amount of weed seed that returns to the soil&nbsp;seedbank, which may reduce the density of winter annual grasses in the following seasons. More information on harvest weed seed destruction can be found at: <a href="https://eupdate.agronomy.ksu.edu/article/harvest-weed-seed-destruction-a-tool-for-managing-herbicide-resistant-weeds-601-1">https://eupdate.agronomy.ksu.edu/article/harvest-weed-seed-destruction-a-tool-for-managing-herbicide-resistant-weeds-601-1</a>

Several effective options exist to control weedy brome species. Jointed goatgrass and feral rye control options are more limited and will likely require planting either a Clearfield or CoAXium wheat variety. In fields where winter annual grasses are known to be a problem, cultural practices can be implemented to reduce their impact, such as using an herbicide-resistant wheat variety or rotating to a summer crop.

For additional information about these herbicides, see <a href="https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/item/2025-chemical-weed-control-for-field-crops-pastures-rangeland-and-noncropland_CHEMWEEDGUIDE">2025 Chemical Weed Control for Field Crops, Pastures, Rangeland, and Noncropland, K-State publication SRP-1190.</a>

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2025/11/1762878196080.jpeg" alt="A combine with a weed seed control unit is used during wheat harvest. Photo by Jeremie Kouame/ K-State Research and Extension, Hays" />
 <figcaption>A combine with a weed seed control unit is used during wheat harvest. Photo by Jeremie Kouame/ K-State Research and Extension, Hays</figcaption>
 </figure>By STACY CAMPBELL Cottonwood Extension DistrictBeneficial rains have brought much-needed moisture to the Kansas wheat crop. However, the moisture can also trigger winter annual weeds, especially in fields with poor wheat stands or where continuous wheat or wheat-fallow rotations are used.Like wheat, winter annual grasses typically emerge in the fall (although early spring emergence is possible). They go dormant during the coldest months, then resume growth and produce seeds in the spring. The weedy brome species cheatgrass (also known as downy brome), Japanese brome, and cheat are among the grass weeds most commonly found in Kansas wheat. Jointed goatgrass and feral rye are also prevalent and are especially challenging to control. Cheat and feral rye are typically found in the eastern parts of the state, whereas cheatgrass and jointed goatgrass are more often found in the west. For specific information about postemergence herbicides for controlling winter annual grasses, refer to the K-State Agronomy eUpdate electronic newsletter by typing that into your internet browser.Considerations for Herbicide Applications As a general rule, fall applications will provide better control of these weeds than spring applications. However, it is important to remember that weeds must be actively growing for herbicides to be effective. Be aware of the temperatures in your area to ensure weeds are not dormant. One temperature guideline to consider using is low temperatures above freezing and high temperatures above 50°F for three to five days before and after the application. Delaying applications until spring, when herbicide can be mixed with topdress fertilizer, is an option, although this can lead to greater yield loss due to competition and reduced herbicide efficacy. Furthermore, spring applications may not meet crop rotation intervals. Always read the herbicide label to determine recropping intervals and adjuvant requirements. The growth stage is also important when applying several of these herbicides.Other Options: Crop Rotation and Seed Destruction Crop rotation is an effective method of preventing winter annual weeds in wheat. One or more summer annual crops between wheat crops disrupts the life cycle of winter annual weeds, allowing for the use of other cultural and chemical methods for their control. Narrower row spacings or increased wheat seeding rates can make wheat more competitive with weeds. In dry environments, seeding wheat deeper into moist soil may allow wheat to emerge before weedy brome seeds that must germinate from dry soil nearer the soil surface. Alternatively, delaying planting until after the first flush of weedy grasses has emerged may also be an effective cultural management practice when moisture is abundant.Seed destruction of some winter annual grasses (cheatgrass, feral rye, and jointed goatgrass) at wheat harvest may be a viable option to reduce the amount of weed seed that returns to the soil&nbsp;seedbank, which may reduce the density of winter annual grasses in the following seasons. More information on harvest weed seed destruction can be found at: <a href="https://eupdate.agronomy.ksu.edu/article/harvest-weed-seed-destruction-a-tool-for-managing-herbicide-resistant-weeds-601-1">https://eupdate.agronomy.ksu.edu/article/harvest-weed-seed-destruction-a-tool-for-managing-herbicide-resistant-weeds-601-1</a>SummarySeveral effective options exist to control weedy brome species. Jointed goatgrass and feral rye control options are more limited and will likely require planting either a Clearfield or CoAXium wheat variety. In fields where winter annual grasses are known to be a problem, cultural practices can be implemented to reduce their impact, such as using an herbicide-resistant wheat variety or rotating to a summer crop. For additional information about these herbicides, see <a href="https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/item/2025-chemical-weed-control-for-field-crops-pastures-rangeland-and-noncropland_CHEMWEEDGUIDE">2025 Chemical Weed Control for Field Crops, Pastures, Rangeland, and Noncropland, K-State publication SRP-1190.</a>Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: Winter annual grass control in winter wheat

By MICHELLE BERAN Cottonwood Extension District

One of the ways that I have an opportunity to give back in my communities is by serving on the Golden Belt Community Foundation Board. While you have the opportunity to give to one of your favorite 126 organizations from now until Giving Tuesday on December 2, you can absolutely donate to those organizations all year!

I appreciate that organizations like community foundations exist because they allow donors to contribute amounts that work in their budget to compile with everyone else’s small amount to do great work!

In addition, right now our food pantries and food banks are doing critical work across our communities. Can I fund a whole day or week? No, but I can add a few extra items to drop off to help others.

Do I have extra coats taking up space in a closet that haven’t been worn for a couple of years? I get to remove some clutter from my home and benefit someone else! Several years ago, a closet clean-out by one of my adult children resulted in a bag of gently worn shoes that no longer fit. We were able to donate these to a center who made sure that each pair had a new home.

Our family lived on tight budgets for several years and one of my favorite activities during that time was to help my kids understand that even though we didn’t have a lot, there were others in much tougher circumstances. This led to good activities of regularly going through toy boxes and donating books and toys to our library and other organizations.

Yes, please check out the opportunities for Giving Tuesday in your communities and, especially the Golden Belt Community Foundation which serves four counties.

 But also, look for small and large ways that you can give every day – holding a door, sharing a smile or a wave, volunteering at your church or civic organization, and perhaps donating to a cause that is near and dear to your heart.

Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness!

Michelle Beran is a Family and Community Wellness Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other K-State Extension resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668179445671.jpeg" alt="Michelle Beran is a Family and Community Wellness Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District.&nbsp;" />
 <figcaption>Michelle Beran is a Family and Community Wellness Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District.&nbsp;</figcaption>
 </figure>By MICHELLE BERAN Cottonwood Extension DistrictOne of the ways that I have an opportunity to give back in my communities is by serving on the Golden Belt Community Foundation Board. While you have the opportunity to give to one of your favorite 126 organizations from now until Giving Tuesday on December 2, you can absolutely donate to those organizations all year!I appreciate that organizations like community foundations exist because they allow donors to contribute amounts that work in their budget to compile with everyone else’s small amount to do great work!In addition, right now our food pantries and food banks are doing critical work across our communities. Can I fund a whole day or week? No, but I can add a few extra items to drop off to help others.Do I have extra coats taking up space in a closet that haven’t been worn for a couple of years? I get to remove some clutter from my home and benefit someone else! Several years ago, a closet clean-out by one of my adult children resulted in a bag of gently worn shoes that no longer fit. We were able to donate these to a center who made sure that each pair had a new home.Our family lived on tight budgets for several years and one of my favorite activities during that time was to help my kids understand that even though we didn’t have a lot, there were others in much tougher circumstances. This led to good activities of regularly going through toy boxes and donating books and toys to our library and other organizations.Yes, please check out the opportunities for Giving Tuesday in your communities and, especially the Golden Belt Community Foundation which serves four counties. But also, look for small and large ways that you can give every day – holding a door, sharing a smile or a wave, volunteering at your church or civic organization, and perhaps donating to a cause that is near and dear to your heart.Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness!Michelle Beran is a Family and Community Wellness Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other K-State Extension resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910.

BERAN: Giving Tuesday is Dec. 2

By ALICIA BOOR Cottonwood Extension District

Fall is a wonderful season for agriculture and a time to, hopefully, reap the bounty of the year’s production.&nbsp; If producers have access to crop residue fields following grain harvest, then preparing to turn cattle out to graze such acres is one task that deserves to be near the top of the priority list.&nbsp; Grain sorghum represents an excellent opportunity to extend the grazing season.&nbsp; However, there are several important management considerations that need to be kept in mind with grazing sorghum residue.

Understandably, the absence of fences and water sources is one of the biggest limitations for residue grazing.&nbsp; Many acres are grown in rain-fed systems in which sourcing water from an irrigation well is not possible. Likewise, hauling water long distances is usually not practical.&nbsp; However, if water can be supplied and temporary fences put up, then grazing sorghum residues is usually economical.&nbsp; A single strand of electric fence can work quite well for keeping cows contained, while 2 or more strands may be needed for small calves.

Unlike actively growing forages, both the quantity and quality of residue available for grazing will be highest immediately following harvest and will steadily decline over time due to weathering, trampling, and consumption by cattle. Regarding forage quantity, field data indicate about 2.5 to 3.0 tons of residue per acre on average is produced following harvest.&nbsp; If accounting for 50% of the total residue on the field as available for grazing and of that amount 50% was utilized, then one acre would supply enough forage for one gestating cow for approximately 50 to 60 days.

High amounts of grain on the surface of the field pose a risk of acidosis, particularly for animals with experience grazing residue fields. Cattle selectively graze and will seek out and consume any grain present first.&nbsp; The degree to which grain in the field poses a risk is dependent on many factors, but levels greater than 10 to 15 bushels per acre generally require additional caution.&nbsp; Avoiding turning hungry animals directly on to fields by filling them up on forage, strip grazing to reduce the amount grain available per animal, supplementing low amounts of grain initially before turning them out, and feeding sodium bicarbonate as a rumen buffer are all strategies that may be used to decrease risk of acidosis.

Nitrate and prussic acid toxicity are both conditions that increase in prevalence due to plant stress and cause asphyxiation in the animal, yet are distinctly independent from each other.&nbsp; Nitrates accumulate in the base of the stalk or stem, and while issues associated with nitrate toxicity are generally less common in grazing situations as compared to when cattle are fed a diet, for this reason it is critical to manage stocking rate so that cattle are not forced to consume the lower 1/3rd&nbsp;of the stalk or stem.&nbsp; Prussic acid can occur in plant species within the broader sorghum family, and primarily accumulates in young, rapidly growing plant tissue.&nbsp; Therefore, avoiding grazing sorghum residue around a frost event and for the first 7 days following a killing freeze is a sound practice. Just as with harvested forages, representative samples of standing forage can be collected for analysis of nitrate and prussic acid to determine risk levels and guide management decisions.

K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider. Kansas State University, County Extension Councils, Extension Districts, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1698682229509.jpeg" alt="Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Extension. Courtesy photo" />
 <figcaption>Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Extension. Courtesy photo</figcaption>
 </figure>By ALICIA BOOR Cottonwood Extension DistrictFall is a wonderful season for agriculture and a time to, hopefully, reap the bounty of the year’s production.&nbsp; If producers have access to crop residue fields following grain harvest, then preparing to turn cattle out to graze such acres is one task that deserves to be near the top of the priority list.&nbsp; Grain sorghum represents an excellent opportunity to extend the grazing season.&nbsp; However, there are several important management considerations that need to be kept in mind with grazing sorghum residue.Understandably, the absence of fences and water sources is one of the biggest limitations for residue grazing.&nbsp; Many acres are grown in rain-fed systems in which sourcing water from an irrigation well is not possible. Likewise, hauling water long distances is usually not practical.&nbsp; However, if water can be supplied and temporary fences put up, then grazing sorghum residues is usually economical.&nbsp; A single strand of electric fence can work quite well for keeping cows contained, while 2 or more strands may be needed for small calves.Unlike actively growing forages, both the quantity and quality of residue available for grazing will be highest immediately following harvest and will steadily decline over time due to weathering, trampling, and consumption by cattle. Regarding forage quantity, field data indicate about 2.5 to 3.0 tons of residue per acre on average is produced following harvest.&nbsp; If accounting for 50% of the total residue on the field as available for grazing and of that amount 50% was utilized, then one acre would supply enough forage for one gestating cow for approximately 50 to 60 days.High amounts of grain on the surface of the field pose a risk of acidosis, particularly for animals with experience grazing residue fields. Cattle selectively graze and will seek out and consume any grain present first.&nbsp; The degree to which grain in the field poses a risk is dependent on many factors, but levels greater than 10 to 15 bushels per acre generally require additional caution.&nbsp; Avoiding turning hungry animals directly on to fields by filling them up on forage, strip grazing to reduce the amount grain available per animal, supplementing low amounts of grain initially before turning them out, and feeding sodium bicarbonate as a rumen buffer are all strategies that may be used to decrease risk of acidosis.Nitrate and prussic acid toxicity are both conditions that increase in prevalence due to plant stress and cause asphyxiation in the animal, yet are distinctly independent from each other.&nbsp; Nitrates accumulate in the base of the stalk or stem, and while issues associated with nitrate toxicity are generally less common in grazing situations as compared to when cattle are fed a diet, for this reason it is critical to manage stocking rate so that cattle are not forced to consume the lower 1/3rd&nbsp;of the stalk or stem.&nbsp; Prussic acid can occur in plant species within the broader sorghum family, and primarily accumulates in young, rapidly growing plant tissue.&nbsp; Therefore, avoiding grazing sorghum residue around a frost event and for the first 7 days following a killing freeze is a sound practice. Just as with harvested forages, representative samples of standing forage can be collected for analysis of nitrate and prussic acid to determine risk levels and guide management decisions.Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity employer and provider. Kansas State University, County Extension Councils, Extension Districts, and U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperating.

BOOR: Grazing sorgum residues

With over 80 years of experience serving producers, the Kansas Farm Management Association (KFMA) maintains a long-term commitment to Kansas agriculture, by building strong relationships with ag producers. 

Twenty-four KFMA economists, strategically located around the state who are part of the Department of K-State Agricultural Economics, comprise the professional staff of the KFMA program. The economists/fieldmen work cooperatively with farm families to provide members with production and financial management information for use in decision making.

The primary goal of the KFMA program is to provide each member with information that can be used to help make farm and family decisions. KFMA Economists assist producers by providing the following information and services:

If you would like further information about becoming a member of KFMA visit <a href="https://www.agmanager.info/kfma">https://www.agmanager.info/kfma</a> or contact Mark Dikeman, KFMA Director at 785-532-0516, dikemanm@ksu.edu or you can contact your local county or district Extension office and they can put you in contact too with KFMA.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2025/11/1762280893453.jpeg" alt="Kansas Farm Management Association&nbsp;" />
 <figcaption>Kansas Farm Management Association&nbsp;</figcaption>
 </figure>By STACY CAMPBELL Cottonwood Extension DistrictWith over 80 years of experience serving producers, the Kansas Farm Management Association (KFMA) maintains a long-term commitment to Kansas agriculture, by building strong relationships with ag producers. Twenty-four KFMA economists, strategically located around the state who are part of the Department of K-State Agricultural Economics, comprise the professional staff of the KFMA program. The economists/fieldmen work cooperatively with farm families to provide members with production and financial management information for use in decision making.The primary goal of the KFMA program is to provide each member with information that can be used to help make farm and family decisions. KFMA Economists assist producers by providing the following information and services:<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2025/11/1762280704581.png" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>If you would like further information about becoming a member of KFMA visit <a href="https://www.agmanager.info/kfma">https://www.agmanager.info/kfma</a> or contact Mark Dikeman, KFMA Director at 785-532-0516, dikemanm@ksu.edu or you can contact your local county or district Extension office and they can put you in contact too with KFMA.Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: Kansas Farm Management Association maintains long-term commitment to Kansas ag

Nominate a deserving Kansas producer or landowner for the&nbsp;2025 Kansas Bankers Association Conservation Awards Program. This year, the Kansas Bankers Association, K-State Research and Extension, and the Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks have announced six award categories:&nbsp;&nbsp;

This program aims to stimulate a greater interest in conserving Kansas's agricultural and natural resources by recognizing farmers and landowners who have made outstanding progress in practicing conservation on their farms. 

In 2024, 110 Kansas producers and landowners were recognized through this program.

Submit your nomination to the Cottonwood Extension office in Great Bend for Barton County residents as soon as possible. 

A committee of conservation professionals will submit the names of the selected recipients to the K-State Agronomy Extension office (or KDWPT for Wildlife Award) by December 5, 2025.

For more information, see:&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.agronomy.k-state.edu/extension/kansas-bankers-award/">https://www.agronomy.k-state.edu/extension/kansas-bankers-award/</a>.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1698682229509.jpeg" alt="Alicia Boor&nbsp;is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. Courtesy photo" />
 <figcaption>Alicia Boor&nbsp;is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. Courtesy photo</figcaption>
 </figure>By ALICIA BOOR Cottonwood Extension DistrictNominate a deserving Kansas producer or landowner for the&nbsp;2025 Kansas Bankers Association Conservation Awards Program. This year, the Kansas Bankers Association, K-State Research and Extension, and the Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks have announced six award categories:&nbsp;&nbsp;<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2025/11/1762280357253.png" alt=" " />
 <figcaption> </figcaption>
 </figure>This program aims to stimulate a greater interest in conserving Kansas's agricultural and natural resources by recognizing farmers and landowners who have made outstanding progress in practicing conservation on their farms. In 2024, 110 Kansas producers and landowners were recognized through this program.Submit your nomination to the Cottonwood Extension office in Great Bend for Barton County residents as soon as possible. A committee of conservation professionals will submit the names of the selected recipients to the K-State Agronomy Extension office (or KDWPT for Wildlife Award) by December 5, 2025.For more information, see:&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://www.agronomy.k-state.edu/extension/kansas-bankers-award/">https://www.agronomy.k-state.edu/extension/kansas-bankers-award/</a>.Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

BOOR: Nominations open for 2025 Conservation Awards Program

Voter turnout Register voters-20,483 Voted as of Election Day-4,620 Voter turnout-22.56%

All precincts reporting. W=Winner pending canvass.

Hays City Commission 2 four-year terms; 1 two-year term Reese Barrick-1137 Shaun Musil-1772-W David Vilaysing-1340-W Candace (CJ) Hathaway-467 Sandy Jacobs-1542-W Samuel Allen-165 Justin Choitz-204 Kelly Ancar-744 David Koshiol-1277

See the Hays Post for a story on this race on Wednesday.

Hays USD 489 3 at-large positions Ken Brooks-1948-W Curt C. Vajnar-2531-W Craig Pallister-1948-W Meagan Zampieri-Lillpopp-1294 Kelly Ancar-1603

Ellis City Mayor 1 position Devin D. Henderson-111 Martin V. LaBarge-209-W

Ellis City Treasurer 1 position Amanda M. Shannon-378-W

Ellis City Councilmember 3 at large&nbsp;positions John A. Walz-315-W David R. McDaniel-250-W Kevin LaBarge-275-W

Schoenchen Mayor 1 position Kevin Bieker-32-W

Schoenchen City Councilmember 5&nbsp;Positions Jim Mowry-29-W

Victoria City Mayor 1 position John Schulte-178-W

Victoria Councilmember 3 positions Ryan Lichter-155-W Matthew L Sander-170-W

USD 432-Victoria 3 District at-Large positions Shanna Dinkel-201-W Jacob Hunter-101 Connie Braun-216-W Jeanna Wellbrock-96 Jennifer Berens-188-W

USD 388-Ellis 3 at large positions 1 unexpired term (2 years) NO CANDIDATES ON THE BALLOT

Big Creek Improvement District 3 Director&nbsp;positions Duane F. Kuhn-41-W Keith Schmidt-25 Larry Leiker-39-W Casey F Herrman-29-W

Munjor Improvement District 3 Director&nbsp;positions Darold F Younker-20-W

Prairie Acres Improvement District 3&nbsp;Director positions Shane Gregg-14-W Kevin Zimmer-20-W Bradley Stewart-15-W Bill Wierman-1

Suburban Estates Improvement District 3&nbsp;Director positions NO CANDIDATES ON THE BALLOT

Cottonwood Extension District No. 17 2 board positions Donna Maskus-3259-W Dinah Newman-1834-W

Write-in candidates will be calculated starting on Wednesday, and winners will be announced as soon as they become available.

The canvass to certify the official election results will be at 8:30 a.m. Wednesday, Nov. 12, at the Ellis County Administration Center in the county commission meeting room.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2025/5/1747092483078.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>Voter turnout Register voters-20,483 Voted as of Election Day-4,620 Voter turnout-22.56%All precincts reporting. W=Winner pending canvass.Hays City Commission 2 four-year terms; 1 two-year term Reese Barrick-1137 Shaun Musil-1772-W David Vilaysing-1340-W Candace (CJ) Hathaway-467 Sandy Jacobs-1542-W Samuel Allen-165 Justin Choitz-204 Kelly Ancar-744 David Koshiol-1277See the Hays Post for a story on this race on Wednesday.Hays USD 489 3 at-large positions Ken Brooks-1948-W Curt C. Vajnar-2531-W Craig Pallister-1948-W Meagan Zampieri-Lillpopp-1294 Kelly Ancar-1603 See the Hays Post for a story on this race on Wednesday.Ellis City Mayor 1 position Devin D. Henderson-111 Martin V. LaBarge-209-WEllis City Treasurer 1 position Amanda M. Shannon-378-WEllis City Councilmember 3 at large&nbsp;positions John A. Walz-315-W David R. McDaniel-250-W Kevin LaBarge-275-W Schoenchen Mayor 1 position Kevin Bieker-32-WSchoenchen City Councilmember 5&nbsp;Positions Jim Mowry-29-W Victoria City Mayor 1 position John Schulte-178-W Victoria Councilmember 3 positions Ryan Lichter-155-W Matthew L Sander-170-WUSD 432-Victoria 3 District at-Large positions Shanna Dinkel-201-W Jacob Hunter-101 Connie Braun-216-W Jeanna Wellbrock-96 Jennifer Berens-188-WUSD 388-Ellis 3 at large positions 1 unexpired term (2 years) NO CANDIDATES ON THE BALLOTBig Creek Improvement District 3 Director&nbsp;positions Duane F. Kuhn-41-W Keith Schmidt-25 Larry Leiker-39-W Casey F Herrman-29-WMunjor Improvement District 3 Director&nbsp;positions Darold F Younker-20-WPrairie Acres Improvement District 3&nbsp;Director positions Shane Gregg-14-W Kevin Zimmer-20-W Bradley Stewart-15-W Bill Wierman-1Suburban Estates Improvement District 3&nbsp;Director positions NO CANDIDATES ON THE BALLOTCottonwood Extension District No. 17 2 board positions Donna Maskus-3259-W Dinah Newman-1834-W Write-in candidates will be calculated starting on Wednesday, and winners will be announced as soon as they become available.The canvass to certify the official election results will be at 8:30 a.m. Wednesday, Nov. 12, at the Ellis County Administration Center in the county commission meeting room.

Election results 2025: Final results pending canvas

Keeping track of financial records can make life easier and more efficient for you. If the event of an emergency, having family members who know how and where to access your records can be a huge help! Stop for a moment and think: Do you know where all your records are located? Would someone else know in case of your injury or death?

Records should be accessible when needed and stored in a safe place. Receipts, documentation, proofs of ownership and identification may be necessary to collect insurance, pension, or retirement benefits, to receive military compensation, and to solve tax or inheritance problems.

This can feel like an overwhelming task but K-State Extension has a great resource to help you collect and document the important information you may need. You can access the document at <a href="https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/o">https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/our-valuable-records_MF685.pdf </a>or stop by the office and we’ll print one off for you.

This document provides space to record everything from bank and investment accounts to health and life insurance information as well as property ownership and tax and legal advisors.

Gathering the information into one place can also be a great time to review ownership and beneficiaries as life can change and the time to change these is not in the midst of a medical emergency. While these discussions can be tough, the Our Valuable Records document can also be a great tool to hold that conversation.

No matter what tool that you use to document your financial records, keeping a copy in a safe or safety deposit box is an important step to protect your sensitive financial information.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668177490614.jpeg" alt="Michelle Beran is&nbsp;a Family and Community Wellness Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District" />
 <figcaption>Michelle Beran is&nbsp;a Family and Community Wellness Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District</figcaption>
 </figure>By MICHELLE BERAN Cottonwood Extension DistrictKeeping track of financial records can make life easier and more efficient for you. If the event of an emergency, having family members who know how and where to access your records can be a huge help! Stop for a moment and think: Do you know where all your records are located? Would someone else know in case of your injury or death?Records should be accessible when needed and stored in a safe place. Receipts, documentation, proofs of ownership and identification may be necessary to collect insurance, pension, or retirement benefits, to receive military compensation, and to solve tax or inheritance problems.This can feel like an overwhelming task but K-State Extension has a great resource to help you collect and document the important information you may need. You can access the document at <a href="https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/o">https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/our-valuable-records_MF685.pdf </a>or stop by the office and we’ll print one off for you.This document provides space to record everything from bank and investment accounts to health and life insurance information as well as property ownership and tax and legal advisors.Gathering the information into one place can also be a great time to review ownership and beneficiaries as life can change and the time to change these is not in the midst of a medical emergency. While these discussions can be tough, the Our Valuable Records document can also be a great tool to hold that conversation.No matter what tool that you use to document your financial records, keeping a copy in a safe or safety deposit box is an important step to protect your sensitive financial information.Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness!Michelle Beran is a Family and Community Wellness Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other K-State Extension resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910.

BERAN: Financial recordkeeping for an easier, more efficient life

By MONIQUE KOERNER Cottonwood Extension District

Over the past several decades, researchers across the country have recognized the strong correlation between parents’ and caregivers’ educational attainment and children’s educational outcomes. We know that families thrive when they learn together

Back in 1994, the National Center for Families Learning (NCFL) worked with Congress to designate November 1 as National Family Literacy Day®. Each year for the past 29 years, we have joined libraries, schools, and educational programs across the country to celebrate National Family Literacy Month throughout each November

Encouraging families to read and giving them the resources to read to their children every day is so important for a young child’s development and success in school. Reading to my children was one of my favorite things to do with them when they were young and even as they got older. I have fond memories of attending library story time as well as snuggling on the couch to read a good book. This is one of those times that parents can use to touch base with their child and maybe help them wind down for nap or bedtime. It doesn’t matter what time of day it is, finding a time to read in your routine is what is important.

Not only is reading an important skill for school but it also helps children with other developmental skills as well. Exposing children to books from birth or even prenatally is a great way to aid their development. Books not only aid literacy skills but they also help little fingers develop. As they learn to turn pages of a book, they strengthen their fingers and fine motor skills. Fine motor skills are important to develop now so when they get to school they can hold pencils, crayons, and scissors

While libraries are great and offer many programs to get children involved with books and reading, sometimes it’s nice to start building a library at home as well. Dolly Parton’s Imagination Library has been integral in getting books into the hands of children and their parents. Once you sign up, books are mailed to the child every month from birth to age five. They are sent directly to the child so it’s exciting for them to get mail and the books are age appropriate also. The program is available both in Ellis and Barton County. Contact information is below.

Contact: Ken Marston Phone: 620-792-2409 Fax: Email: kmarston@greatbendpl.info

Contact: Brenda Urban Phone: 785-623-2430 Fax: 785-623-2432 Email: burban@usd489.com

And if you are looking for other literacy activities check out our 2026 Annual Lesson, <a href="https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/item/early-literacy-building-the-foundation-for-lifelong-learning-fact-sheet_MF3691">Early Literacy: Building the Foundation of Life Long Learning.</a>

Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu

K-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522152076.jpeg" alt="Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. Courtesy photo" />
 <figcaption>Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. Courtesy photo</figcaption>
 </figure>By MONIQUE KOERNER Cottonwood Extension DistrictOver the past several decades, researchers across the country have recognized the strong correlation between parents’ and caregivers’ educational attainment and children’s educational outcomes. We know that families thrive when they learn togetherBack in 1994, the National Center for Families Learning (NCFL) worked with Congress to designate November 1 as National Family Literacy Day®. Each year for the past 29 years, we have joined libraries, schools, and educational programs across the country to celebrate National Family Literacy Month throughout each NovemberEncouraging families to read and giving them the resources to read to their children every day is so important for a young child’s development and success in school. Reading to my children was one of my favorite things to do with them when they were young and even as they got older. I have fond memories of attending library story time as well as snuggling on the couch to read a good book. This is one of those times that parents can use to touch base with their child and maybe help them wind down for nap or bedtime. It doesn’t matter what time of day it is, finding a time to read in your routine is what is important.Not only is reading an important skill for school but it also helps children with other developmental skills as well. Exposing children to books from birth or even prenatally is a great way to aid their development. Books not only aid literacy skills but they also help little fingers develop. As they learn to turn pages of a book, they strengthen their fingers and fine motor skills. Fine motor skills are important to develop now so when they get to school they can hold pencils, crayons, and scissorsNot only is reading an important skill for school but it also helps children with other developmental skills as well. Exposing children to books from birth or even prenatally is a great way to aid their development. Books not only aid literacy skills but they also help little fingers develop. As they learn to turn pages of a book, they strengthen their fingers and fine motor skills. Fine motor skills are important to develop now so when they get to school they can hold pencils, crayons, and scissorsWhile libraries are great and offer many programs to get children involved with books and reading, sometimes it’s nice to start building a library at home as well. Dolly Parton’s Imagination Library has been integral in getting books into the hands of children and their parents. Once you sign up, books are mailed to the child every month from birth to age five. They are sent directly to the child so it’s exciting for them to get mail and the books are age appropriate also. The program is available both in Ellis and Barton County. Contact information is below.<h2>United Way of Central Kansas</h2>1409 WILLIAMS ST GREAT BEND KS 67530Contact: Ken Marston Phone: 620-792-2409 Fax: Email: kmarston@greatbendpl.info<h2>Ellis County Imagination Library</h2>2501 E 13TH ST HAYS KS 67601Contact: Brenda Urban Phone: 785-623-2430 Fax: 785-623-2432 Email: burban@usd489.comAnd if you are looking for other literacy activities check out our 2026 Annual Lesson, <a href="https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/item/early-literacy-building-the-foundation-for-lifelong-learning-fact-sheet_MF3691">Early Literacy: Building the Foundation of Life Long Learning.</a>Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.eduK-State Research &amp; Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

KOERNER: November-National Family Literacy Month

By&nbsp;TAMARA ROBERTSON Cottonwood Extension District

The 95th Annual 4-H Achievement Banquet was held on October 25, 2025, at the Ellis County Fairgrounds in Hays, honoring Ellis County 4-H members. The event was attended by 137 4-H members, their families, and special guests. The banquet, sponsored by the Ellis County 4-H Council, recognized the achievements of all local 4-H members, leaders, and supporters.

Before the evening’s recognitions began, attendees enjoyed a lively Hula-Hooping Contest that brought plenty of laughter and friendly competition. Participants paid $1 to enter and competed in four age divisions: Juniors (8 and younger), Intermediates (9–13), Seniors (14–18), and Adults (19 and older). Contestants showcased their best hula-hooping skills to see who could keep their hoop spinning the longest, with the last participant standing in each division taking home bragging rights and a prize generously donated by Pat and Diane Kuhn. Winners included Tucker Neher, Brynlee Walter, Audrey Yarmer and Janelle Bott.

Each 4-H club also recognized outstanding members for their achievements this year. Outstanding Seniors and Juniors recognized by each club include:

Big Creek Astros: Isaac Moreno and Brody Armbrister

Buckeye Junior Farmers: Keeli Kimzey and Audrey Yarmer

Ellis Sunflowers: Colton Metzler and Clara Still

Gemini Juniors: Mariella Dreiling and Ashlynn Erickson

Good Hope: Jaiden Pfannenstiel and Jacob Leiker

Shooting Sports: Morgan Munsch and Eli Meis

Victoria Vikings: Ella Neher and Esther Neher

Among the club honorees, Mariella Dreiling and Morgan Munsch were named overall Senior winners, while Jacob Leiker and Eli Meis were named overall Junior winners.

The purple club seal is the highest possible level a 4-H club can achieve in the Kansas 4-H program. In order to attain a purple seal this year, clubs had to meet 18-21 of the listed goals. Purple Club Seals awards were presented to the following clubs: Buckeye Jr. Farmers, Ellis Sunflowers, and Shooting Sports.

Keeli Kimzey and Lizzy Vajnar received the National ‘I Dare You’ Leadership Award, recognizing personal integrity, balanced living, and leadership potential. Each received a copy of Danforth’s inspirational book I Dare You. Keeli is described by her reference as “an extremely gifted and motivated young woman” and “an incredibly kind leader and role model.” Lizzy’s reference notes she is “always pleasant, easy to work with, and acts mature and professional during public events.”

The Kansas Key Award, presented to the top 10% of Kansas 4-H members demonstrating exceptional leadership, was awarded to Keeli Kimzey. Recipients must complete four years in the 4-H Leadership project and achieve nine of eleven state leadership goals.

Keeli Kimzey and Lizzy Vajnar were also named 2025 Rosemary Smith 4-H Scholarship recipients. The award, given in memory of longtime 4-H leader Rosemary Smith, recognizes members who have significantly contributed to promoting 4-H at multiple levels. Keeli has served in leadership roles within the Buckeye Junior Farmers and coached the Special Olympics Show at the Kansas State Fair. Lizzy has served as Ellis County 4-H Council Treasurer, participated with the Cottonwood Extension District 4-H Water Ambassadors, and held leadership positions in the Good Hope and Growing Leaders 4-H Clubs.

Intermediates receiving 1st Gold Certificates for their Project Record books were Brynlee Walter – Beef, Foods and Nutrition, Photography and Sheep, Cannon Vajnar – Entomology, Audrey Yarmer – Health &amp; Wellness and Poultry, Karci Kimzey – Horse. Senior division 1st Golds include Lizzy Vajnar - Communications, Keeli Kimzey- Horse, and Faith Schmeidler- Leadership. The Senior winners will have the opportunity to advance to the NW Area competition in January.

Each 4-H Club in the county has the opportunity to nominate a business and an individual who they feel have gone above and beyond the call of duty to help Ellis Co. 4-H. The Ellis Co. 4-H Council makes the final decision on who to recognize as a “Friend of 4-H”.

This year’s individual Friend of 4-H is Amy Bainter, nominated by the Victoria Vikings and Ellis Sunflowers clubs. Amy dedicates countless hours running the 4-H Food Stand at the Ellis County Fair, mentoring members in food safety, customer service, and responsibility. Her leadership fosters an environment where youth can learn, grow, and take pride in their contributions, making her an invaluable member of the 4-H community. Amy is truly a Friend of 4-H for the Ellis Co. 4-H Program!

This year’s business Friend of 4-H is Ellis County Farm Bureau, nominated by the Ellis Sunflowers 4-H Club. Ellis County Farm Bureau is an incredible friend to the 4-H program. By sponsoring the livestock auction meal, they help incentivize prospective buyers to see the hard work the kids have put into their projects. Providing water all week for the 4-Hers is a small but meaningful way to show the kids, “we are thinking of you.” They also support many “Ag in the Classroom” projects throughout the county, helping young people understand the work of farmers and ranchers. For these reasons, Ellis County Farm Bureau is highly deserving of being named the 2025 Business Friend of 4-H.

The Beyond Ready Wildcat recognition honors 8th grade 4-H members for their commitment to leadership, service, and personal growth. This year, 23 Ellis Co. 4-H members were recognized for demonstrating the skills and character developed through their 4-H experiences, qualities that prepare them for success in high school, college, and life. The recognition also highlights their connection to Kansas State University, where many may continue their journey as Wildcats. Each recipient received a letter and certificate signed by K-State President Richard Linton and a Willie the Wildcat pin in recognition of their readiness for the future. Kansas 4-H, as part of K-State’s land-grant mission, is proud to celebrate these youth who embody responsibility, curiosity, and a commitment to “make the best better.”

All Ellis County 4-H members present received a certificate of completion for the 2024-2025 4-H Program Year. First-year Cloverbuds (youth ages 5 and 6) received a pin lanyard, while second-year Cloverbuds were awarded a special Cloverbud pin. Those who met the criteria were also awarded membership pins based on their years and level of involvement in local and statewide 4-H activities. Club leaders and Shooting Sports instructors were recognized for their dedication to the program. Congratulations and thank you to these individuals for their dedication to and support of Ellis County 4-H youth.

The evening concluded with the 4-H Scholarship &amp; Development Committee hosting a silent and live auction to raise funds for 4-H activities and senior scholarships. To donate, please contact the Cottonwood Extension District Office at 785-628-9430.

Tamara Robertson is the 4-H Youth Development Agent with K-State Research and Extension, in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Tamara at tarobertson@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Ellis County Office at 785-628-9430.

All K-State Research and Extension educational programs and materials available without discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, sex, age, or disability.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2025/3/1741105651681.jpeg" alt="Tamara Robertson is the 4-H Youth Development Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. Courtesy photo" />
 <figcaption>Tamara Robertson is the 4-H Youth Development Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. Courtesy photo</figcaption>
 </figure>By&nbsp;TAMARA ROBERTSON Cottonwood Extension DistrictThe 95th Annual 4-H Achievement Banquet was held on October 25, 2025, at the Ellis County Fairgrounds in Hays, honoring Ellis County 4-H members. The event was attended by 137 4-H members, their families, and special guests. The banquet, sponsored by the Ellis County 4-H Council, recognized the achievements of all local 4-H members, leaders, and supporters.Before the evening’s recognitions began, attendees enjoyed a lively Hula-Hooping Contest that brought plenty of laughter and friendly competition. Participants paid $1 to enter and competed in four age divisions: Juniors (8 and younger), Intermediates (9–13), Seniors (14–18), and Adults (19 and older). Contestants showcased their best hula-hooping skills to see who could keep their hoop spinning the longest, with the last participant standing in each division taking home bragging rights and a prize generously donated by Pat and Diane Kuhn. Winners included Tucker Neher, Brynlee Walter, Audrey Yarmer and Janelle Bott.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2025/10/1761771050386.jpeg" alt="Courtesy photo" />
 <figcaption>Courtesy photo</figcaption>
 </figure>Each 4-H club also recognized outstanding members for their achievements this year. Outstanding Seniors and Juniors recognized by each club include:Big Creek Astros: Isaac Moreno and Brody ArmbristerBuckeye Junior Farmers: Keeli Kimzey and Audrey YarmerEllis Sunflowers: Colton Metzler and Clara StillGemini Juniors: Mariella Dreiling and Ashlynn EricksonGood Hope: Jaiden Pfannenstiel and Jacob LeikerShooting Sports: Morgan Munsch and Eli MeisVictoria Vikings: Ella Neher and Esther NeherAmong the club honorees, Mariella Dreiling and Morgan Munsch were named overall Senior winners, while Jacob Leiker and Eli Meis were named overall Junior winners.The purple club seal is the highest possible level a 4-H club can achieve in the Kansas 4-H program. In order to attain a purple seal this year, clubs had to meet 18-21 of the listed goals. Purple Club Seals awards were presented to the following clubs: Buckeye Jr. Farmers, Ellis Sunflowers, and Shooting Sports.Keeli Kimzey and Lizzy Vajnar received the National ‘I Dare You’ Leadership Award, recognizing personal integrity, balanced living, and leadership potential. Each received a copy of Danforth’s inspirational book I Dare You. Keeli is described by her reference as “an extremely gifted and motivated young woman” and “an incredibly kind leader and role model.” Lizzy’s reference notes she is “always pleasant, easy to work with, and acts mature and professional during public events.”The Kansas Key Award, presented to the top 10% of Kansas 4-H members demonstrating exceptional leadership, was awarded to Keeli Kimzey. Recipients must complete four years in the 4-H Leadership project and achieve nine of eleven state leadership goals.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2025/10/1761771142648.jpeg" alt="Keeli Kimzey. Courtesy photo" />
 <figcaption>Keeli Kimzey. Courtesy photo</figcaption>
 </figure><figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2025/10/1761771411172.jpeg" alt="thumbnail_Rosemary Smith Scholarships.jpg" />
 <figcaption>thumbnail_Rosemary Smith Scholarships.jpg</figcaption>
 </figure>Keeli Kimzey and Lizzy Vajnar were also named 2025 Rosemary Smith 4-H Scholarship recipients. The award, given in memory of longtime 4-H leader Rosemary Smith, recognizes members who have significantly contributed to promoting 4-H at multiple levels. Keeli has served in leadership roles within the Buckeye Junior Farmers and coached the Special Olympics Show at the Kansas State Fair. Lizzy has served as Ellis County 4-H Council Treasurer, participated with the Cottonwood Extension District 4-H Water Ambassadors, and held leadership positions in the Good Hope and Growing Leaders 4-H Clubs.Intermediates receiving 1st Gold Certificates for their Project Record books were Brynlee Walter – Beef, Foods and Nutrition, Photography and Sheep, Cannon Vajnar – Entomology, Audrey Yarmer – Health &amp; Wellness and Poultry, Karci Kimzey – Horse. Senior division 1st Golds include Lizzy Vajnar - Communications, Keeli Kimzey- Horse, and Faith Schmeidler- Leadership. The Senior winners will have the opportunity to advance to the NW Area competition in January.Each 4-H Club in the county has the opportunity to nominate a business and an individual who they feel have gone above and beyond the call of duty to help Ellis Co. 4-H. The Ellis Co. 4-H Council makes the final decision on who to recognize as a “Friend of 4-H”.This year’s individual Friend of 4-H is Amy Bainter, nominated by the Victoria Vikings and Ellis Sunflowers clubs. Amy dedicates countless hours running the 4-H Food Stand at the Ellis County Fair, mentoring members in food safety, customer service, and responsibility. Her leadership fosters an environment where youth can learn, grow, and take pride in their contributions, making her an invaluable member of the 4-H community. Amy is truly a Friend of 4-H for the Ellis Co. 4-H Program!This year’s business Friend of 4-H is Ellis County Farm Bureau, nominated by the Ellis Sunflowers 4-H Club. Ellis County Farm Bureau is an incredible friend to the 4-H program. By sponsoring the livestock auction meal, they help incentivize prospective buyers to see the hard work the kids have put into their projects. Providing water all week for the 4-Hers is a small but meaningful way to show the kids, “we are thinking of you.” They also support many “Ag in the Classroom” projects throughout the county, helping young people understand the work of farmers and ranchers. For these reasons, Ellis County Farm Bureau is highly deserving of being named the 2025 Business Friend of 4-H.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2025/10/1761771006601.jpeg" alt="thumbnail_Friend of 4-H Business.jpg" />
 <figcaption>thumbnail_Friend of 4-H Business.jpg</figcaption>
 </figure>The Beyond Ready Wildcat recognition honors 8th grade 4-H members for their commitment to leadership, service, and personal growth. This year, 23 Ellis Co. 4-H members were recognized for demonstrating the skills and character developed through their 4-H experiences, qualities that prepare them for success in high school, college, and life. The recognition also highlights their connection to Kansas State University, where many may continue their journey as Wildcats. Each recipient received a letter and certificate signed by K-State President Richard Linton and a Willie the Wildcat pin in recognition of their readiness for the future. Kansas 4-H, as part of K-State’s land-grant mission, is proud to celebrate these youth who embody responsibility, curiosity, and a commitment to “make the best better.”All Ellis County 4-H members present received a certificate of completion for the 2024-2025 4-H Program Year. First-year Cloverbuds (youth ages 5 and 6) received a pin lanyard, while second-year Cloverbuds were awarded a special Cloverbud pin. Those who met the criteria were also awarded membership pins based on their years and level of involvement in local and statewide 4-H activities. Club leaders and Shooting Sports instructors were recognized for their dedication to the program. Congratulations and thank you to these individuals for their dedication to and support of Ellis County 4-H youth.The evening concluded with the 4-H Scholarship &amp; Development Committee hosting a silent and live auction to raise funds for 4-H activities and senior scholarships. To donate, please contact the Cottonwood Extension District Office at 785-628-9430.Tamara Robertson is the 4-H Youth Development Agent with K-State Research and Extension, in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Tamara at tarobertson@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Ellis County Office at 785-628-9430.All K-State Research and Extension educational programs and materials available without discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, sex, age, or disability.

ROBERTSON: 2025 4-H Achievement Banquet

Kansas State University will bring together researchers, producers and industry experts to address the challenges and opportunities of raising forage in a limited-water environment.

The <a href="https://www.wkrec.org/events/forage_conference/western_kansas_forage_conference.html">K-State Forage Conference</a> will be held Nov. 5 at the K-State Southwest Research-Extension Center in Garden City. The one-day event will run from 8:30 a.m. to 4 p.m. and is free to attend.

Sessions will deliver fast-paced, practical updates on forage management, soil health, fertility, risk protection and marketing, with time for questions and peer discussion. Lunch is provided thanks to conference sponsors.

“Forage is the backbone of western Kansas agriculture,” said John Holman, K-State cropping systems agronomist. “Our cattle industry depends on reliable hay and silage production, and this conference is designed to provide the research-based information producers can trust—especially when every acre and every inch of water counts.”

Kansas produced more than 5 million tons of hay in 2022 grown on 2.4 million acres, ranking third among all states, and forage contributes more than $536 million annually to the state’s economy.

Holman noted that annual forages -- such as forage sorghum, sudangrass, triticale and wheat -- are especially valuable in the High Plains because of their drought tolerance, and flexibility for grazing, hay or silage. Some hybrids can be ready to graze within 4-6 weeks of planting, providing timely feed sources throughout the year.

“These crops allow producers to fill forage gaps and adapt to changing water availability,” Holman said. “But they also come with challenges, so understanding management strategies is critical.”

The list of conference sessions, as well as presenters, includes

· Annual forage economics — John Holman.

· Soil impacts of haying, grazing and cover crops — Augustine Obour, K-State soil scientist.

· Managing prussic acid in forages — Scott Staggenborg, seed and product development consultant.

· Alfalfa production update — Romulo Lollato, K-State extension wheat and forages specialist.

· Forage fertility management — Logan Simon, K-State southwest area agronomist.

· Insurance and price protection tools — Jenny Ifft, Flinchbaugh Agricultural Policy chair.

· Invasive grass management — Keith Harmoney, K-State range scientist.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2025/10/1761658791150.jpg" alt="Courtesy of Pixabay" />
 <figcaption>Courtesy of Pixabay</figcaption>
 </figure>By STACY CAMPBELL Cottonwood Extension DistrictKansas State University will bring together researchers, producers and industry experts to address the challenges and opportunities of raising forage in a limited-water environment.The <a href="https://www.wkrec.org/events/forage_conference/western_kansas_forage_conference.html">K-State Forage Conference</a> will be held Nov. 5 at the K-State Southwest Research-Extension Center in Garden City. The one-day event will run from 8:30 a.m. to 4 p.m. and is free to attend.Sessions will deliver fast-paced, practical updates on forage management, soil health, fertility, risk protection and marketing, with time for questions and peer discussion. Lunch is provided thanks to conference sponsors.“Forage is the backbone of western Kansas agriculture,” said John Holman, K-State cropping systems agronomist. “Our cattle industry depends on reliable hay and silage production, and this conference is designed to provide the research-based information producers can trust—especially when every acre and every inch of water counts.”Kansas produced more than 5 million tons of hay in 2022 grown on 2.4 million acres, ranking third among all states, and forage contributes more than $536 million annually to the state’s economy.Holman noted that annual forages -- such as forage sorghum, sudangrass, triticale and wheat -- are especially valuable in the High Plains because of their drought tolerance, and flexibility for grazing, hay or silage. Some hybrids can be ready to graze within 4-6 weeks of planting, providing timely feed sources throughout the year.“These crops allow producers to fill forage gaps and adapt to changing water availability,” Holman said. “But they also come with challenges, so understanding management strategies is critical.”The list of conference sessions, as well as presenters, includes· Annual forage economics — John Holman.· Soil impacts of haying, grazing and cover crops — Augustine Obour, K-State soil scientist.· Managing prussic acid in forages — Scott Staggenborg, seed and product development consultant.· Alfalfa production update — Romulo Lollato, K-State extension wheat and forages specialist.· Forage fertility management — Logan Simon, K-State southwest area agronomist.· Insurance and price protection tools — Jenny Ifft, Flinchbaugh Agricultural Policy chair.· Invasive grass management — Keith Harmoney, K-State range scientist.Additional sessions are planned on summer legumes, seeding rates, and a Kansas Livestock Association industry update.To register <a href="https://kstate.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_82McOxQB89lxRFs">http://bit.ly/4obibl6</a> or contact your local extension office.Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.