By MONIQUE KOERNER Cottonwood Extension District

The Kansas Senior Farmer’s Market Nutrition Program is set to kick off on June 3.

Are you at least 60 years old and meet income guidelines?

Are you 55 years old and a member of an Indian Tribal Organization? 

Then you might qualify to receive free fruits, vegetables, cut herbs, and honey from local farmers' markets.

Eligibility is determined by household size, but benefits are distributed individually, meaning that anyone in your household who meets the age and income requirements may apply for and receive their own benefits.

1. Age: A senior must be 60 years old or older, or at least 55 years old and a member of an Indian Tribal Organization, on the day the coupons are issued.

Household Size, Monthly Income, Weekly Income

Benefits are given out on a first-come, first-serve basis. If you qualify you will receive a booklet of 10, $5 coupons for a one-time annual benefit of $50 to purchase eligible foods from authorized farmers.

Goals of the Senior Farmers Market Nutrition Program include:

· Increase consumption of fruits and vegetables for optimal health

· Increase direct marketing of Kansas foods

· Provide resources in the form of fresh, nutritious, unprepared, locally grown fruits, vegetables, herbs and honey from farmers markets to low income seniors

· Increase the domestic consumption of agricultural commodities by expanding or aiding in the expansion of domestic farmers markets

· Develop or aid in the development of new and additional farmers markets

The Senior Farmers Market Nutrition Program is a project of the United States Department of Agriculture Food and Nutrition Service. The program is coordinated by the Kansas Department of Health and Environment, which is collaborating with local partners to identify and distribute checks to eligible seniors.

To apply in Ellis County, come to the Cottonwood Extension office located at 601 Main St. and fill out an application. The office is open 8am-12 noon and 1-5 pm. To apply in Barton County, contact the Barton County Health Department located at 1300 Kansas Avenue from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., 620-793-1902.

If an individual cannot come into the office to fill out the paperwork they can appoint someone as a proxy to help them apply as well as pick up the produce for them. Please let us know if you have any other questions at the contact information below.

Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522152076.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By MONIQUE KOERNER Cottonwood Extension DistrictThe Kansas Senior Farmer’s Market Nutrition Program is set to kick off on June 3.Are you at least 60 years old and meet income guidelines?Are you 55 years old and a member of an Indian Tribal Organization? Then you might qualify to receive free fruits, vegetables, cut herbs, and honey from local farmers' markets.Eligibility is determined by household size, but benefits are distributed individually, meaning that anyone in your household who meets the age and income requirements may apply for and receive their own benefits.Eligibility criteria1. Age: A senior must be 60 years old or older, or at least 55 years old and a member of an Indian Tribal Organization, on the day the coupons are issued.2. Income:Household Size, Monthly Income, Weekly Income1 $2,322. $5362 $3,152, $7283 $3,981, $919Each additional member +$830, +192Benefits are given out on a first-come, first-serve basis. If you qualify you will receive a booklet of 10, $5 coupons for a one-time annual benefit of $50 to purchase eligible foods from authorized farmers.Goals of the Senior Farmers Market Nutrition Program include:· Increase consumption of fruits and vegetables for optimal health· Increase direct marketing of Kansas foods· Provide resources in the form of fresh, nutritious, unprepared, locally grown fruits, vegetables, herbs and honey from farmers markets to low income seniors· Increase the domestic consumption of agricultural commodities by expanding or aiding in the expansion of domestic farmers markets· Develop or aid in the development of new and additional farmers marketsThe Senior Farmers Market Nutrition Program is a project of the United States Department of Agriculture Food and Nutrition Service. The program is coordinated by the Kansas Department of Health and Environment, which is collaborating with local partners to identify and distribute checks to eligible seniors.To apply in Ellis County, come to the Cottonwood Extension office located at 601 Main St. and fill out an application. The office is open 8am-12 noon and 1-5 pm. To apply in Barton County, contact the Barton County Health Department located at 1300 Kansas Avenue from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., 620-793-1902.If an individual cannot come into the office to fill out the paperwork they can appoint someone as a proxy to help them apply as well as pick up the produce for them. Please let us know if you have any other questions at the contact information below.Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu

KOERNER: Kansas Senior Farmer’s Market Nutrition Program: How to apply

Sometimes, the simplest things can help families stay within their monthly budget.

There are, for certain, common ways to save a few bucks this summer: turn down the air conditioner a tad, shut off the lights when you leave a room, watch less TV, draw the curtains when the sun is shining in.

But maybe there’s another way to think about saving money.

We’re coming into the longer days of summer, so think about what we can do outside that might not cost so much money, especially before it gets really hot. Maybe it’s just walking around the neighborhood, hanging out with your family outside in the yard. There are a lot of activities you can do instead of ‘doing something’ or ‘going somewhere’ that costs money.

During the recent COVID pandemic, the ‘Stay-cation’ became more popular, as families were forced to stay home rather than travel for vacation. The concept caught on, and even as the world opened up, many saw value in planning activities around their home base.

It’s a lot less stressful than traveling, and it’s a chance to unwind. Sometimes we schedule a vacation thinking we’ve got to go somewhere and we’ve got to do something and be active and that involves a lot of eating out and traveling. But there’s nothing wrong with staying around the house and doing some project, or just relaxing.

Another idea is visiting someplace close by that is unique and doesn’t involve much travel or eating out. We can always pack some food to take along especially for breakfast or lunch. And save the eating out for dinner.

Feeling time- or money-stretched is a sign that one needs to slow down and think about how they’re spending their time. It often can coincide with a boost to the family’s savings account.

When thinking about managing a family’s resources, it includes intentional, thoughtful choices that we all can make, but sometimes we get on auto pilot. Maybe we go to the grocery store and buy the same thing every week. That’s an opportunity for us to intentionally review what we’re regularly buying and eating.

There are rhythms and rituals. The rhythm of your day, the rhythm of your week and year. And then we have rituals, which are more like the daily things we do. It’s important to match the rhythms of your life to the rituals that you want in order to have a good life, and I think planning ahead can be very helpful to cut down on the stress in your life.

Food costs always seem to rise to the forefront when thinking of saving money. Planning menus each week can help consumers cut the bite of rising costs at the grocery store.

This is not all so serious that you can’t have any fun or you can’t have any treats. I think it gets back to intentionality of what it is you’re trying to accomplish.

There are ebbs and flows in managing money. We have different needs and wants. We have different income levels over time and across our lives. And so, it’s not like you make a plan that lasts forever. You plan and see how it works, and then adjust from there.

More information on personal well-being, including family resource management, is also available at local extension offices in Kansas.

Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522152076.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By MONIQUE KOERNER Cottonwood Extension DistrictSometimes, the simplest things can help families stay within their monthly budget.There are, for certain, common ways to save a few bucks this summer: turn down the air conditioner a tad, shut off the lights when you leave a room, watch less TV, draw the curtains when the sun is shining in.But maybe there’s another way to think about saving money.We’re coming into the longer days of summer, so think about what we can do outside that might not cost so much money, especially before it gets really hot. Maybe it’s just walking around the neighborhood, hanging out with your family outside in the yard. There are a lot of activities you can do instead of ‘doing something’ or ‘going somewhere’ that costs money.During the recent COVID pandemic, the ‘Stay-cation’ became more popular, as families were forced to stay home rather than travel for vacation. The concept caught on, and even as the world opened up, many saw value in planning activities around their home base.It’s a lot less stressful than traveling, and it’s a chance to unwind. Sometimes we schedule a vacation thinking we’ve got to go somewhere and we’ve got to do something and be active and that involves a lot of eating out and traveling. But there’s nothing wrong with staying around the house and doing some project, or just relaxing.Another idea is visiting someplace close by that is unique and doesn’t involve much travel or eating out. We can always pack some food to take along especially for breakfast or lunch. And save the eating out for dinner.Feeling time- or money-stretched is a sign that one needs to slow down and think about how they’re spending their time. It often can coincide with a boost to the family’s savings account.When thinking about managing a family’s resources, it includes intentional, thoughtful choices that we all can make, but sometimes we get on auto pilot. Maybe we go to the grocery store and buy the same thing every week. That’s an opportunity for us to intentionally review what we’re regularly buying and eating.There are rhythms and rituals. The rhythm of your day, the rhythm of your week and year. And then we have rituals, which are more like the daily things we do. It’s important to match the rhythms of your life to the rituals that you want in order to have a good life, and I think planning ahead can be very helpful to cut down on the stress in your life.Food costs always seem to rise to the forefront when thinking of saving money. Planning menus each week can help consumers cut the bite of rising costs at the grocery store.This is not all so serious that you can’t have any fun or you can’t have any treats. I think it gets back to intentionality of what it is you’re trying to accomplish.Finances are a process.There are ebbs and flows in managing money. We have different needs and wants. We have different income levels over time and across our lives. And so, it’s not like you make a plan that lasts forever. You plan and see how it works, and then adjust from there.More information on personal well-being, including family resource management, is also available at local extension offices in Kansas.Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu.

KOERNER: Back to simplicity, tips to save on the family’s budget this summer

By STACY CAMPBELL Cottonwood Extension District

Although soybeans are grown more north and east of Ellis County, I felt this information on a new pest of soybeans would be of interest to the agriculture community as a whole.

In 2023, soybean gall midge was found infesting soybean and sweet clover in Marshall and Nemaha counties. Since this pest can overwinter in Kansas, producers should be on the lookout for additional infestations in 2024.

The Soybean Gall Midge (Resseliella maxima) was first observed in Nebraska in 2011 but was not officially described as a new species until 2018 when this tiny fly established itself as an emerging pest of soybeans in South Dakota, Nebraska, Minnesota, and Iowa. New infestations have been documented every year since and its range has expanded into Missouri. Soybean gall midge has been documented in Nebraska along the Kansas border as recently as 2021. This pest should be actively scouted for during the growing season, especially in counties along the Nebraska border.

Losses from soybean gall midge infestation are due to plant death and lodging. Heavily infested fields have shown the potential for complete yield losses from the edge of the field up to 100 feet into the field and a 20% yield loss from 200 to 400 feet into the field.

Identification and Lifecycle -Adults: tiny (2-3mm), delicate flies with an orange abdomen, slender bodies and mottled wings. Long legs are banded with alternating light and dark markings. Larvae: small, legless, maggots that are clear to white-colored when young but turn bright orange when mature.

Soybean gall midge overwinters as larvae in the first few inches of soil. After pupation in the early spring, adult midges emerge and lay their eggs on the lower portions of stems or at the base of soybean plants. The eggs hatch and the larvae feed within the stems. Infestation does not occur until the V2 stage when natural fissures and cracks appear in stems allowing entry by larvae. Infestation can continue into the reproductive growth stages. So far, there appear to be at least two generations per growing season. The adult soybean gall midges do not feed on soybeans.

Scouting - begin scouting soybean plants at the V2 growth stage. Symptoms of infestation include:

1. wilting or dead soybeans along field edges with decreasing damage into the center of the field,

2. darkening and swelling at the base of stems,

3. brittle stems that break easily near their base, and

4. small orange larvae present in split open stems.

Management - as such a new pest, no published research-based management recommendations are currently available. On-farm studies in impacted states are examining the effects of cultural practices and insecticides on preventing losses. Seed treatments have not been shown to be effective.

Please report any occurrence of soybean gall midge to your local extension professional or contact the K-State Entomology Department. The Soybean Gall Midge Alert Network, https://soybeangallmidge.org/, can be used to track developments regarding this new pest.

Information provided by Anthony Zukoff, K-State Extension Entomology, Southwest Research and Extension Center.

Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By STACY CAMPBELL Cottonwood Extension DistrictAlthough soybeans are grown more north and east of Ellis County, I felt this information on a new pest of soybeans would be of interest to the agriculture community as a whole.In 2023, soybean gall midge was found infesting soybean and sweet clover in Marshall and Nemaha counties. Since this pest can overwinter in Kansas, producers should be on the lookout for additional infestations in 2024.The Soybean Gall Midge (Resseliella maxima) was first observed in Nebraska in 2011 but was not officially described as a new species until 2018 when this tiny fly established itself as an emerging pest of soybeans in South Dakota, Nebraska, Minnesota, and Iowa. New infestations have been documented every year since and its range has expanded into Missouri. Soybean gall midge has been documented in Nebraska along the Kansas border as recently as 2021. This pest should be actively scouted for during the growing season, especially in counties along the Nebraska border.Losses from soybean gall midge infestation are due to plant death and lodging. Heavily infested fields have shown the potential for complete yield losses from the edge of the field up to 100 feet into the field and a 20% yield loss from 200 to 400 feet into the field.Identification and Lifecycle -Adults: tiny (2-3mm), delicate flies with an orange abdomen, slender bodies and mottled wings. Long legs are banded with alternating light and dark markings. Larvae: small, legless, maggots that are clear to white-colored when young but turn bright orange when mature.Soybean gall midge overwinters as larvae in the first few inches of soil. After pupation in the early spring, adult midges emerge and lay their eggs on the lower portions of stems or at the base of soybean plants. The eggs hatch and the larvae feed within the stems. Infestation does not occur until the V2 stage when natural fissures and cracks appear in stems allowing entry by larvae. Infestation can continue into the reproductive growth stages. So far, there appear to be at least two generations per growing season. The adult soybean gall midges do not feed on soybeans.Scouting - begin scouting soybean plants at the V2 growth stage. Symptoms of infestation include:1. wilting or dead soybeans along field edges with decreasing damage into the center of the field,2. darkening and swelling at the base of stems,3. brittle stems that break easily near their base, and4. small orange larvae present in split open stems.Management - as such a new pest, no published research-based management recommendations are currently available. On-farm studies in impacted states are examining the effects of cultural practices and insecticides on preventing losses. Seed treatments have not been shown to be effective.Please report any occurrence of soybean gall midge to your local extension professional or contact the K-State Entomology Department. The Soybean Gall Midge Alert Network, https://soybeangallmidge.org/, can be used to track developments regarding this new pest.Information provided by Anthony Zukoff, K-State Extension Entomology, Southwest Research and Extension Center.Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: Be on the lookout for Soybean Gall Midge

By KELSEY ANDERSON ONOFRE K-State Extension Plant Pathologist

Submitted by Stacy Campbell Cottonwood Extension District

The wheat crop is ahead of schedule and there is a dramatic difference in yield potential in parts of the state that have received moisture and parts that have not. Here, we review some key wheat fungicide considerations.

As of May 2, stripe rust has been detected in 24 Kansas counties. It’s important to note that most of these observations have been at very low or trace levels (Figure 1). You can keep up-to-date with reports here: https://wheat.agpestmonitor.org/. Up until this point, the disease has largely been limited by lack of moisture. Reports in the northwest portion of the state are most concerning, as the crop in this region is still in earlier growth stages, and there is ample time for stripe rust to take hold if the environment stays favorable. There are some counties where stripe rust has been detected on flag leaves at an elevated incidence. These fields should be carefully scouted and may be candidates for fungicide applications.

As a reminder, fungicides have pre-harvest intervals based on growth stages or the number of days before harvest. This publication lists some common fungicides and their pre-harvest intervals: https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/ep130.pdf. It is always a good idea to consult the label prior to application. We are now fielding questions about the value of a fungicide application in fields that are between flag leaf and flowering growth stages. Here are some factors to consider as we make those decisions:

1. First and foremost, what variety is planted? Varieties rated 3 or below will likely have enough genetic resistance and will not benefit from a fungicide application. Check your variety rating here: https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/mf991.pdf

2. Has disease been detected in the field? If weather conditions are favorable, fields with already established stripe rust are at the highest risk of the disease increasing in the coming days. K-State research demonstrates that if stripe rust is detected on flag leaves at the heading growth stage, there is a 90% chance your fungicide application will pay off. This is a year when scouting will be critical.

3. What is the crop's yield potential? Does the yield potential justify an application? K-State research has shown that under moderate to high stripe rust pressure, a fungicide application can provide a 10-15% yield benefit. However, in the absence of disease, we

do not expect any economically significant yield benefit from a fungicide application.

4. What kind of moisture has been received? As a reminder, it takes about 10 days from the time of infection to symptom development for stripe rust. Areas that have recently received moisture (Figure 2) and are still in the window for a fungicide application (flag leaf to flowering) should be more mindful of scouting over the coming days.

5. What is the fusarium head scab risk? Fields approaching early flowering with a history of head scab may be able to use a single application to control both diseases this year. All fungicides that are recommended for head scab are also recommended for stripe rust control. The risk of head scab may be elevated in fields that receive rainfall at or around flowering.

Leaf rust has now been reported in Oklahoma but has not taken hold in Kansas. We will continue to monitor for it over the coming weeks..

By KELSEY ANDERSON ONOFRE K-State Extension Plant PathologistSubmitted by Stacy Campbell Cottonwood Extension DistrictThe wheat crop is ahead of schedule and there is a dramatic difference in yield potential in parts of the state that have received moisture and parts that have not. Here, we review some key wheat fungicide considerations.As of May 2, stripe rust has been detected in 24 Kansas counties. It’s important to note that most of these observations have been at very low or trace levels (Figure 1). You can keep up-to-date with reports here: https://wheat.agpestmonitor.org/. Up until this point, the disease has largely been limited by lack of moisture. Reports in the northwest portion of the state are most concerning, as the crop in this region is still in earlier growth stages, and there is ample time for stripe rust to take hold if the environment stays favorable. There are some counties where stripe rust has been detected on flag leaves at an elevated incidence. These fields should be carefully scouted and may be candidates for fungicide applications.As a reminder, fungicides have pre-harvest intervals based on growth stages or the number of days before harvest. This publication lists some common fungicides and their pre-harvest intervals: https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/ep130.pdf. It is always a good idea to consult the label prior to application. We are now fielding questions about the value of a fungicide application in fields that are between flag leaf and flowering growth stages. Here are some factors to consider as we make those decisions:1. First and foremost, what variety is planted? Varieties rated 3 or below will likely have enough genetic resistance and will not benefit from a fungicide application. Check your variety rating here: https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/mf991.pdf2. Has disease been detected in the field? If weather conditions are favorable, fields with already established stripe rust are at the highest risk of the disease increasing in the coming days. K-State research demonstrates that if stripe rust is detected on flag leaves at the heading growth stage, there is a 90% chance your fungicide application will pay off. This is a year when scouting will be critical.3. What is the crop's yield potential? Does the yield potential justify an application? K-State research has shown that under moderate to high stripe rust pressure, a fungicide application can provide a 10-15% yield benefit. However, in the absence of disease, wedo not expect any economically significant yield benefit from a fungicide application.4. What kind of moisture has been received? As a reminder, it takes about 10 days from the time of infection to symptom development for stripe rust. Areas that have recently received moisture (Figure 2) and are still in the window for a fungicide application (flag leaf to flowering) should be more mindful of scouting over the coming days.5. What is the fusarium head scab risk? Fields approaching early flowering with a history of head scab may be able to use a single application to control both diseases this year. All fungicides that are recommended for head scab are also recommended for stripe rust control. The risk of head scab may be elevated in fields that receive rainfall at or around flowering.Leaf rust has now been reported in Oklahoma but has not taken hold in Kansas. We will continue to monitor for it over the coming weeks..

Wheat stripe rust update and fungicide considerations

By MICHELLE BERAN Cottonwood Extension District

While I deal specifically with the 4-H side of the Barton County Fair, there are lots of ways for you to be involved!

The theme for the Barton County Fair is Blue Jeans and Big Dreams and it will be happening June 26th-30th. Exhibits are due to the fairgrounds for most categories on Wednesday, June 26th. Our 4-H members must pre-enter their exhibits while Open Class entries can be entered online ahead of time or on-site on the 26th.

Judging is handled a bit differently for 4-H and Open Class. Consultative judging is used to provide one-on-one feedback about project learning and the exhibit as an important part of the learning opportunity for the 4-H member and all members receive a ribbon on their entry. We use the Danish system for 4-H exhibits which defines a Purple as exemplary, a Blue as above average, a Red as average, and a White as having substantial deficiencies. For Open Class, the judge will evaluate the exhibit item and determine if it receives one of the top three placings awarded per class.

Each year, the Barton County Fair Association has several special award categories for Open Class which tie to the theme. Be on the lookout for the announcements about these and all Open Class opportunities. Open Class offers a youth (16 and younger), Adult (17-65), Senior (65 and better), and a Professional class for those who teach about or make a practice of selling their work.

Entries aren’t open just yet for 4-H or Open Class but keep an eye on bartoncountyfair.com for updates, schedules, and entry information.

Come join us June 26th through 30th to watch the livestock shows, check out the 4-H and Open Class exhibits, listen to a concert, share a meal with friends, support all ages across our community as they showcase their interests from horticulture to horses!

We look forward to seeing your entry for Blue Jeans and Big Dreams!

Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness!

Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668179445671.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By MICHELLE BERAN Cottonwood Extension DistrictWhile I deal specifically with the 4-H side of the Barton County Fair, there are lots of ways for you to be involved!The theme for the Barton County Fair is Blue Jeans and Big Dreams and it will be happening June 26th-30th. Exhibits are due to the fairgrounds for most categories on Wednesday, June 26th. Our 4-H members must pre-enter their exhibits while Open Class entries can be entered online ahead of time or on-site on the 26th.Judging is handled a bit differently for 4-H and Open Class. Consultative judging is used to provide one-on-one feedback about project learning and the exhibit as an important part of the learning opportunity for the 4-H member and all members receive a ribbon on their entry. We use the Danish system for 4-H exhibits which defines a Purple as exemplary, a Blue as above average, a Red as average, and a White as having substantial deficiencies. For Open Class, the judge will evaluate the exhibit item and determine if it receives one of the top three placings awarded per class.Each year, the Barton County Fair Association has several special award categories for Open Class which tie to the theme. Be on the lookout for the announcements about these and all Open Class opportunities. Open Class offers a youth (16 and younger), Adult (17-65), Senior (65 and better), and a Professional class for those who teach about or make a practice of selling their work.Entries aren’t open just yet for 4-H or Open Class but keep an eye on bartoncountyfair.com for updates, schedules, and entry information.Come join us June 26th through 30th to watch the livestock shows, check out the 4-H and Open Class exhibits, listen to a concert, share a meal with friends, support all ages across our community as they showcase their interests from horticulture to horses!We look forward to seeing your entry for Blue Jeans and Big Dreams!Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness!Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910.

BERAN: 'Blue Jeans, Big Dreams': Barton County Fair

By KARISSA WINKEL Cottonwood Extension District

Nobody ever expects to be a victim of a natural disaster.

However, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) reports that since 1980, the United States has sustained 355 weather and climate disasters at an average expense of $57.8 billion per year.

Unfortunately, we can’t change the weather, but we can keep ourselves safe and prepare for disaster.

Kansas State University Family Resource Management Specialist, Elizabeth Kiss, shares more:

“One of the best things to do is to start or add to what’s called a ‘Grab and Go’ box,” Kiss says. “If bad weather is approaching…and you need to evacuate your house, just take the box with you and go, and you’ll have the things you need to recover from any eventual loss.”

Items that should be stored in a Grab and Go box, according to Kiss, include originals or paper copies of such items as:

· Insurance policies, particularly property insurance.

Then, consider some personal items such as photos, letters and various keepsakes, and even a small amount of money. The box should be waterproof and/or fireproof, Kiss said.

“We have become very dependent on things being online, but depending on the severity of any sort of emergency, we may be able to recover faster with paper copies,” Kiss said. “We just don’t know.”

Preparing a household inventory and building a Grab and Go box may seem daunting, but Kiss says it begins by doing just a little bit at a time.

“In terms of the household inventory, we recommend starting with one room, or even one part of a room at a time,” she said.

“Something is better than nothing. You can even videotape documents with your phone these days, or take pictures…that’s a start. You do need to have some documentation about when things were purchased and what their value was, but video or pictures is a start. Then be sure you take your documentation from your phone and store it in a way electronically that you can access it if something were to happen to your phone.”

Kiss also suggests talking with insurance agents to make sure you’re adequately covered for loss to the home and personal property; and consider storing copies of your important documents off-site – such as in the home of a trusted friend or relative.

“Much of the Grab N Go Box is records that you would be keeping anyway,” Kiss said. “It’s a form of record keeping, and it’s just being proactive to have it in one place in case of an emergency.”

More information on preparing important documents ahead of disaster is available in the K-State Research and Extension publication, Get Financially Prepared: Take Steps Ahead of Disaster.

Information is also available online from K-State Research and Extension, and from the U.S. government website, https://www.ready.gov.

Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.

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 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1697546908793.jpeg" alt="" />
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 </figure>By KARISSA WINKEL Cottonwood Extension DistrictNobody ever expects to be a victim of a natural disaster.However, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) reports that since 1980, the United States has sustained 355 weather and climate disasters at an average expense of $57.8 billion per year.Unfortunately, we can’t change the weather, but we can keep ourselves safe and prepare for disaster.Kansas State University Family Resource Management Specialist, Elizabeth Kiss, shares more:“One of the best things to do is to start or add to what’s called a ‘Grab and Go’ box,” Kiss says. “If bad weather is approaching…and you need to evacuate your house, just take the box with you and go, and you’ll have the things you need to recover from any eventual loss.”Items that should be stored in a Grab and Go box, according to Kiss, include originals or paper copies of such items as:· Birth certificates.· Social security cards.· Marriage certificates.· Passports· Driver’s license.· Credit cards.· Titles for vehicles.· Insurance policies, particularly property insurance.· Household inventoryThen, consider some personal items such as photos, letters and various keepsakes, and even a small amount of money. The box should be waterproof and/or fireproof, Kiss said.“We have become very dependent on things being online, but depending on the severity of any sort of emergency, we may be able to recover faster with paper copies,” Kiss said. “We just don’t know.”Preparing a household inventory and building a Grab and Go box may seem daunting, but Kiss says it begins by doing just a little bit at a time.“In terms of the household inventory, we recommend starting with one room, or even one part of a room at a time,” she said.“Something is better than nothing. You can even videotape documents with your phone these days, or take pictures…that’s a start. You do need to have some documentation about when things were purchased and what their value was, but video or pictures is a start. Then be sure you take your documentation from your phone and store it in a way electronically that you can access it if something were to happen to your phone.”Kiss also suggests talking with insurance agents to make sure you’re adequately covered for loss to the home and personal property; and consider storing copies of your important documents off-site – such as in the home of a trusted friend or relative.“Much of the Grab N Go Box is records that you would be keeping anyway,” Kiss said. “It’s a form of record keeping, and it’s just being proactive to have it in one place in case of an emergency.”More information on preparing important documents ahead of disaster is available in the K-State Research and Extension publication, Get Financially Prepared: Take Steps Ahead of Disaster.Information is also available online from K-State Research and Extension, and from the U.S. government website, https://www.ready.gov.###Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.

WINKEL: Grab ‘N Go, be prepared for severe weather

The ongoing drought affects everyone in the region, but many are unaware of the steps needed to ensure the safety of water from private wells. 

A new program from K-State 105 aims to provide residents with an easy guide to “Know Your Water.” Direct mailings have recently arrived in Ellis, Hays, Victoria and all Ellis County mailboxes.

If residents use a private water well for their domestic water supply, it is recommended that they take a water sample annually to test for nitrates, E. coli bacteria and more.

“Spring is a great time to set a reminder to have your private water well tested,” said Stacie Minson, K-State watershed specialist. 

For those who are unsure about the process, Minson said the information packet mailed to residents includes recently updated K-State Research &amp; Extension Know Your Water publications on understanding and protecting your private water source.

The mailing also includes a yellow postcard to return if Ellis County residents want to have their private well tested or have a landscape irrigation system assessment conducted within the city of Hays. 

Minson said the water tests and irrigation assessment are free if the postcards are returned quickly. 

You can also fill out the form online at <a href="https://kstate.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_6lOGeKnlTTHCzZQ">https://kstate.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_6lOGeKnlTTHCzZQ</a> or use the QR code below.

Holly Dickman, city of Hays water conservation specialist, encourages residents to review the back of the cover letter and incorporate the seven steps of watersmart landscapes. 

“The combination of these steps will enhance landscape water efficiency and improve overall soil and plant health,” Dickman said.

Experts say that this is the perfect time of year for residents to assess how they can protect local water quality.

“Spring rains create run-off events, allowing pollutants, including excess fertilizer and pet waste, to enter our local creeks and streams, including Big Creek,” said Joe Billinger, city of Hays stormwater superintendent.

A quick reference magnet is also included. The magnet lists locations where electronic waste, household hazardous waste, recycling and compost can be taken for reuse or recycling.

It also reminds readers to use the web resources at <a href="https://www.haysusa.com/870/Water-Conservation">www.watersmarthays.com</a> to learn about water conservation rebates that help homeowners conserve local water supplies.

The Know Your Water Project is a partnership between the city of Hays, Kansas State University Big Creek and Middle Smoky Hill River Watersheds, K-State Research and Extension Cottonwood Extension District, Fort Hays State Geosciences Department, Ellis County Environmental Office, city of Ellis, and city of Victoria. 

This project has received funding and support from K-State 105, Kansas State University's economic growth and advancement initiative for all 105 counties in Kansas. Learn more at <a href="https://www.k-state.edu/105/">k-state.edu/105</a>.

For more information about Know Your Water, contact Stacie Minson, KSU Watershed Specialist, sedgett@ksu.edu or visit <a href="https://www.kcare.k-state.edu/wrip/wraps/big-creek-and-middle-smoky-hill-watersheds/">www.mykansaswatershed.com</a>.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2024/5/1715358973114.jpeg" alt="Courtesy image" />
 <figcaption>Courtesy image</figcaption>
 </figure>Submitted The ongoing drought affects everyone in the region, but many are unaware of the steps needed to ensure the safety of water from private wells. A new program from K-State 105 aims to provide residents with an easy guide to “Know Your Water.” Direct mailings have recently arrived in Ellis, Hays, Victoria and all Ellis County mailboxes.If residents use a private water well for their domestic water supply, it is recommended that they take a water sample annually to test for nitrates, E. coli bacteria and more.“Spring is a great time to set a reminder to have your private water well tested,” said Stacie Minson, K-State watershed specialist. For those who are unsure about the process, Minson said the information packet mailed to residents includes recently updated K-State Research &amp; Extension Know Your Water publications on understanding and protecting your private water source.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2024/5/1715358672675.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>The mailing also includes a yellow postcard to return if Ellis County residents want to have their private well tested or have a landscape irrigation system assessment conducted within the city of Hays. Minson said the water tests and irrigation assessment are free if the postcards are returned quickly. You can also fill out the form online at <a href="https://kstate.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_6lOGeKnlTTHCzZQ">https://kstate.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_6lOGeKnlTTHCzZQ</a> or use the QR code below.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2024/5/1715357644167.png" alt="QR for Know Your Water postcard" />
 <figcaption>QR for Know Your Water postcard</figcaption>
 </figure>Holly Dickman, city of Hays water conservation specialist, encourages residents to review the back of the cover letter and incorporate the seven steps of watersmart landscapes. “The combination of these steps will enhance landscape water efficiency and improve overall soil and plant health,” Dickman said.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2024/5/1715358550353.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>Experts say that this is the perfect time of year for residents to assess how they can protect local water quality.“Spring rains create run-off events, allowing pollutants, including excess fertilizer and pet waste, to enter our local creeks and streams, including Big Creek,” said Joe Billinger, city of Hays stormwater superintendent.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2024/5/1715358448143.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>A quick reference magnet is also included. The magnet lists locations where electronic waste, household hazardous waste, recycling and compost can be taken for reuse or recycling.It also reminds readers to use the web resources at <a href="https://www.haysusa.com/870/Water-Conservation">www.watersmarthays.com</a> to learn about water conservation rebates that help homeowners conserve local water supplies.The Know Your Water Project is a partnership between the city of Hays, Kansas State University Big Creek and Middle Smoky Hill River Watersheds, K-State Research and Extension Cottonwood Extension District, Fort Hays State Geosciences Department, Ellis County Environmental Office, city of Ellis, and city of Victoria. This project has received funding and support from K-State 105, Kansas State University's economic growth and advancement initiative for all 105 counties in Kansas. Learn more at <a href="https://www.k-state.edu/105/">k-state.edu/105</a>.For more information about Know Your Water, contact Stacie Minson, KSU Watershed Specialist, sedgett@ksu.edu or visit <a href="https://www.kcare.k-state.edu/wrip/wraps/big-creek-and-middle-smoky-hill-watersheds/">www.mykansaswatershed.com</a>.

New guide for Ellis County residents to ensure safety of water produced from private wells

I have been getting more phone calls this year than normal about wheat fields being infected with Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus (WSMV).

As a reminder volunteer wheat ideally needs to be completely dead/killed two weeks before wheat is drilled in the Fall. Volunteer wheat, or wheat leftover from past crops, houses the wheat curl mite. Mite populations, ultimately, depend on the amount of volunteer wheat within an area. If you had some wheat in a neighboring field that survived after harvest, or maybe it was hidden in some double crop field nearby, that's where those curl mites survive. They can then blow into your field or a neighbor’s field in either the fall or the early spring and that's typically when you start to see damage.

You can get wheat samples tested for WSMV at the K-State plant pathology lab, just to confirm it. You can contact your local Extension Office to bring in your sample.

You get kind of a fan appearance, so it is worse on the edge of the field and gets progressively better as you move towards the center of the field.

Warm weather conditions induce the appearance of wheat streak mosaic within fields. While plants may be infected during the winter and times of cold, hot temperatures activate the viruses’ symptoms. “Usually, you don't see that streaking symptom until the weather starts to warm, so we can have some infection cooking there over the winter”, says K-State wheat disease specialist Kelsey Anderson Onofre.

Increased moisture and other weather events during the 2023 harvest contributed to more volunteer wheat and desirable conditions for the wheat streak mosaic virus to thrive in the current growing season.

One last note or observation from my experience is that in the spring when volunteer wheat gets terminated either with tillage or herbicide. If there is nearby wheat it will get WSMV. Because the curl mite must have green and living tissue to survive on. Once the wheat is dying or killed, the mite will leave the plants using the wind because they do not have wings. They will then infest other nearby healthy fields with the wheat curl mite and thus WSMV.

For further information about WSMV just search on-line for Wheat Streak Mosaic, KSU. If you have any questions give me a call at 785-628-9430.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By STACY CAMPBELL Cottonwood Extension DistrictI have been getting more phone calls this year than normal about wheat fields being infected with Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus (WSMV).As a reminder volunteer wheat ideally needs to be completely dead/killed two weeks before wheat is drilled in the Fall. Volunteer wheat, or wheat leftover from past crops, houses the wheat curl mite. Mite populations, ultimately, depend on the amount of volunteer wheat within an area. If you had some wheat in a neighboring field that survived after harvest, or maybe it was hidden in some double crop field nearby, that's where those curl mites survive. They can then blow into your field or a neighbor’s field in either the fall or the early spring and that's typically when you start to see damage.You can get wheat samples tested for WSMV at the K-State plant pathology lab, just to confirm it. You can contact your local Extension Office to bring in your sample.You get kind of a fan appearance, so it is worse on the edge of the field and gets progressively better as you move towards the center of the field.Warm weather conditions induce the appearance of wheat streak mosaic within fields. While plants may be infected during the winter and times of cold, hot temperatures activate the viruses’ symptoms. “Usually, you don't see that streaking symptom until the weather starts to warm, so we can have some infection cooking there over the winter”, says K-State wheat disease specialist Kelsey Anderson Onofre.Increased moisture and other weather events during the 2023 harvest contributed to more volunteer wheat and desirable conditions for the wheat streak mosaic virus to thrive in the current growing season.One last note or observation from my experience is that in the spring when volunteer wheat gets terminated either with tillage or herbicide. If there is nearby wheat it will get WSMV. Because the curl mite must have green and living tissue to survive on. Once the wheat is dying or killed, the mite will leave the plants using the wind because they do not have wings. They will then infest other nearby healthy fields with the wheat curl mite and thus WSMV.For further information about WSMV just search on-line for Wheat Streak Mosaic, KSU. If you have any questions give me a call at 785-628-9430.Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: Wheat Streak Mosaic virus

Cottonwood Extension District<figure>
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Make the best choices for your health through Dining with Diabetes program in Hays 

Do you have diabetes? Do you support someone you know that has diabetes? This class if for you!

Dining with Diabetes is a K-State Research and Extension health and wellness program that consist of a series of four classes that includes learning, demonstrations, physical activity and tasting healthy foods. The program's focus is to help individuals learn strategies to lessen the health risks of diabetes.

· Increase knowledge about healthy foods

· Present healthy versions of familiar foods and taste testing of recipes

· Provide basic information regarding diabetes and nutrition

· Provide opportunities for sharing and learning from one another and from diabetes health professionals

Dining with Diabetes is a national extension program provided to Kansans by K-State Research and Extension Family and Consumer Sciences professionals and community health partners. The program is a series of four 2-hour classes that are held once a week. Classes consist of a presentation on diabetes self-care or healthful food choices; a five to ten-minute low-impact physical activity; presentations on tasty, healthy familiar foods, sampling foods, and demonstrations of cooking techniques using artificial sweeteners, reduced-fat foods, herbs, and spices.

The program is designed for people with diabetes, pre-diabetes, or at risk for diabetes and their family members, caregivers, and support persons.

Diabetes is an expensive disease. The recent research report, "Economic Costs of Diabetes in the U.S. in 2017" estimates that the total cost of diagnosed diabetes has risen to $327 billion in 2017, this cost was estimated to be $245 billion in 2012. This represents a 26% increase over a five-

year period. This cost includes direct medical expenses ($237 billion) and the cost of reduced productivity ($90 billion). According to this study, people with diabetes spend an average of 2.3 times the amount people without diabetes spend each year on their health. That works out to an average of $16,752 a year per person, about $9,601 of which is directly attributed to diabetes. Source: American Diabetes Association, March 2018.

Diabetes is one of the costliest health conditions in Kansas. Diabetes and prediabetes cost an estimated $2.6 billion in Kansas each year (CDC). More than 50% of spending on type 2 diabetes is for treating health problems that could have been prevented with better diabetes management. Research shows that diabetes can be treated and managed by healthful eating, regular physical activity, and medications to lower blood glucose levels. The Dining with Diabetes program provides education and training focused on behaviors shown to help people with diabetes stay healthy.

Approximately 255,215 people in Kansas, or 11.4% of the adult population, have diagnosed diabetes.

An additional 66,000 people in Kansas have diabetes but don’t know it, greatly increasing their health risk.

There are 782,000 people in Kansas, 35.3% of the adult population, who have prediabetes with blood glucose levels that are higher than normal but not yet high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes.

Every year an estimated 20,271 people in Kansas are diagnosed with diabetes.

*Reference- American Diabetes Association October 2021 Report

Dining with Diabetes classes will be offered on June 6, 13, 20, and 27, 2024 from 4-6pm at the Hays Recreation Center Marcy Allenbaugh Conference Room. For more information or to sign up please call 785-628-9430 or email moniquek@ksu.edu. Cost is $35/person.

Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu

<figure>
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 </figure>By MONIQUE KOERNER Cottonwood Extension DistrictDo you have diabetes? Do you support someone you know that has diabetes? This class if for you!Dining with Diabetes is a K-State Research and Extension health and wellness program that consist of a series of four classes that includes learning, demonstrations, physical activity and tasting healthy foods. The program's focus is to help individuals learn strategies to lessen the health risks of diabetes.Program Objectives· Increase knowledge about healthy foods· Present healthy versions of familiar foods and taste testing of recipes· Demonstrate new cooking techniques· Provide basic information regarding diabetes and nutrition· Provide opportunities for sharing and learning from one another and from diabetes health professionalsProgram DescriptionDining with Diabetes is a national extension program provided to Kansans by K-State Research and Extension Family and Consumer Sciences professionals and community health partners. The program is a series of four 2-hour classes that are held once a week. Classes consist of a presentation on diabetes self-care or healthful food choices; a five to ten-minute low-impact physical activity; presentations on tasty, healthy familiar foods, sampling foods, and demonstrations of cooking techniques using artificial sweeteners, reduced-fat foods, herbs, and spices.Who can participate?The program is designed for people with diabetes, pre-diabetes, or at risk for diabetes and their family members, caregivers, and support persons.Why Dining with Diabetes?Diabetes is an expensive disease. The recent research report, "Economic Costs of Diabetes in the U.S. in 2017" estimates that the total cost of diagnosed diabetes has risen to $327 billion in 2017, this cost was estimated to be $245 billion in 2012. This represents a 26% increase over a five-year period. This cost includes direct medical expenses ($237 billion) and the cost of reduced productivity ($90 billion). According to this study, people with diabetes spend an average of 2.3 times the amount people without diabetes spend each year on their health. That works out to an average of $16,752 a year per person, about $9,601 of which is directly attributed to diabetes. Source: American Diabetes Association, March 2018.Diabetes is one of the costliest health conditions in Kansas. Diabetes and prediabetes cost an estimated $2.6 billion in Kansas each year (CDC). More than 50% of spending on type 2 diabetes is for treating health problems that could have been prevented with better diabetes management. Research shows that diabetes can be treated and managed by healthful eating, regular physical activity, and medications to lower blood glucose levels. The Dining with Diabetes program provides education and training focused on behaviors shown to help people with diabetes stay healthy.Diabetes by the numbers in Kansas*Approximately 255,215 people in Kansas, or 11.4% of the adult population, have diagnosed diabetes.An additional 66,000 people in Kansas have diabetes but don’t know it, greatly increasing their health risk.There are 782,000 people in Kansas, 35.3% of the adult population, who have prediabetes with blood glucose levels that are higher than normal but not yet high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes.Every year an estimated 20,271 people in Kansas are diagnosed with diabetes.*Reference- American Diabetes Association October 2021 ReportDining with Diabetes classes will be offered on June 6, 13, 20, and 27, 2024 from 4-6pm at the Hays Recreation Center Marcy Allenbaugh Conference Room. For more information or to sign up please call 785-628-9430 or email moniquek@ksu.edu. Cost is $35/person.Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu

KOERNER: Dining with Diabetes will be offered in June 2024

By MONIQUE KOERNER Cottonwood Extension District

You made it through another canning season, and when the last jar was filled you may have been glad to stash all equipment away quickly in order to be done….so why not take a little time right now to check all canning equipment and be prepared for this year’s food preservation season?

· Do you need more of a certain size of jar?

· Check current jars for nicks, cracks or rough edges along the lip and throughout the jar.

· Store empty clean jars in boxes or totes with thin cardboard between layers to protect jars from breakage.

· Next inventory flats, make note of what you’ll need for this season. Carefully check screw bands for rust, recycle those that are unusable.

· Are the bottoms flat and free from warping?

· Are the safety valves still flexible on the pressure canner lid?

· Are air vents clear of food particles?

· Is the pressure dial gauge been checked for accuracy?

· Are the canner handles tight and secure?

· Make sure the canners are clean. The darkened surface on the inside of an aluminum canner can be cleaned by filling it above the darkened line with a mixture of 1 tablespoon cream of tartar to each quart of water. Place the canner on the stove, heat water to a boil, and boil covered until the dark deposits disappear. Sometimes stubborn deposits may require the addition of more cream of tartar. Empty the canner and wash it with hot soapy water, rinse and dry.

· Store with crumpled newspapers inside to absorb moisture and odors. Place the lid upside down on the canner. Do not store a pressure canner with the lid clamped and sealed onto the canner.

· Does the pressure canner rubber seal (gasket) feel flexible and still fits tightly in the lid groove?

· Make sure small equipment, such as a jar lifter, headspace tool, flat magnetic wand, bubble freer and funnel are in good condition and functional.

· This is also a great time to think about updating canning publications -- there is a new edition of the “Ball Blue Book”, 38th edition, as well as the ultimate food preservation guidebook “So Easy to Preserve”.

· You can always check with your local Extension office for the latest canning guidelines. Happy canning!

If you have a dial gauge pressure canner, the answer is YES! If you have a metal weighted gauge pressure canner that does not require testing. However, a dial gauge must be tested for accuracy before each canning season. Contact your local Extension office to get your gauge tested: in Kansas go to, https://www.ksre.k-state.edu/about/statewide-locations/ to find your local office. Most Extension offices can test the following brands of pressure canners: Presto, National, Magic Seal, Maid of Honor. When canning low-acid vegetables, meats, fish and poultry, it is essential to use a pressure canner to get the product to high enough temperature to kill any Clostridium botulism spores that may be present. If your pressure gauge is registering one pound high, that will result in a 10% reduction in heating and if the gauge is two pounds high, you will have a 30% reduction in heating. This could be the difference between safe food and potentially deadly food. If your gauge is reading too low, you could be over processing your food, resulting in a lower quality product. For the safety of everyone consuming your pressure-canned foods, please check your dial gauge every year!

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522176561.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By MONIQUE KOERNER Cottonwood Extension DistrictYou made it through another canning season, and when the last jar was filled you may have been glad to stash all equipment away quickly in order to be done….so why not take a little time right now to check all canning equipment and be prepared for this year’s food preservation season?First, inventory all canning equipment.<h2>Jars</h2>· Do you need more of a certain size of jar?· Check current jars for nicks, cracks or rough edges along the lip and throughout the jar.· Store empty clean jars in boxes or totes with thin cardboard between layers to protect jars from breakage.· Next inventory flats, make note of what you’ll need for this season. Carefully check screw bands for rust, recycle those that are unusable.<h2>Canners</h2>· Are the bottoms flat and free from warping?· Are the safety valves still flexible on the pressure canner lid?· Are air vents clear of food particles?· Is the pressure dial gauge been checked for accuracy?· Are the canner handles tight and secure?· Make sure the canners are clean. The darkened surface on the inside of an aluminum canner can be cleaned by filling it above the darkened line with a mixture of 1 tablespoon cream of tartar to each quart of water. Place the canner on the stove, heat water to a boil, and boil covered until the dark deposits disappear. Sometimes stubborn deposits may require the addition of more cream of tartar. Empty the canner and wash it with hot soapy water, rinse and dry.· Store with crumpled newspapers inside to absorb moisture and odors. Place the lid upside down on the canner. Do not store a pressure canner with the lid clamped and sealed onto the canner.· Does the pressure canner rubber seal (gasket) feel flexible and still fits tightly in the lid groove?<h2>Small Equipment</h2>· Make sure small equipment, such as a jar lifter, headspace tool, flat magnetic wand, bubble freer and funnel are in good condition and functional.· This is also a great time to think about updating canning publications -- there is a new edition of the “Ball Blue Book”, 38th edition, as well as the ultimate food preservation guidebook “So Easy to Preserve”.· You can always check with your local Extension office for the latest canning guidelines. Happy canning!Do I need to test my pressure gauge?If you have a dial gauge pressure canner, the answer is YES! If you have a metal weighted gauge pressure canner that does not require testing. However, a dial gauge must be tested for accuracy before each canning season. Contact your local Extension office to get your gauge tested: in Kansas go to, https://www.ksre.k-state.edu/about/statewide-locations/ to find your local office. Most Extension offices can test the following brands of pressure canners: Presto, National, Magic Seal, Maid of Honor. When canning low-acid vegetables, meats, fish and poultry, it is essential to use a pressure canner to get the product to high enough temperature to kill any Clostridium botulism spores that may be present. If your pressure gauge is registering one pound high, that will result in a 10% reduction in heating and if the gauge is two pounds high, you will have a 30% reduction in heating. This could be the difference between safe food and potentially deadly food. If your gauge is reading too low, you could be over processing your food, resulting in a lower quality product. For the safety of everyone consuming your pressure-canned foods, please check your dial gauge every year!Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu

KOERNER: Get Your Canning Equipment Ready NOW!

As the 2024 field season gets into full swing, for farmers now is a good time for a refresher on restricted use pesticides (RUPs) and pesticide applicator licenses.

There are lots of ways to categorize pesticides, one of which is general use versus restricted use. In short, a general-use pesticide is one that can be used without any special training. A RUP, on the other hand, should only be used by an individual who is a certified pesticide applicator or is under the direct supervision of a certified pesticide applicator. RUPs are classified as such due to their potential to cause ‘unreasonable adverse effects’ on the environment, the applicator, or bystanders if appropriate precautions are not taken when using the product. A few of the RUPs you may be familiar with are Atrazine, Tordon 22K, and Warrior II.

Private applicator versus commercial applicator licenses

There are two types of certifications that will allow you to use a RUP. A private applicator license allows you to use or supervise the use of a restricted use pesticide to produce an agricultural commodity on property owned or rented by you or your employer. However, a commercial license is needed if you are going to apply pesticides on someone else’s property and charge a fee for the service.

You can contact your local Extension office if you need to obtain or renew your private applicator's license. For commercial applicator license those are scheduled by KDA and you have to create an account with them and get registered ahead of time at https://portal.kda.ks.gov/PestFert/CertifiedApplicator/Exam/List or call (785) 564-6688.

Also remember, there are some extra record-keeping requirements for individuals who apply RUPs. There is no standard form, but within two weeks of the application, you should document what was sprayed, including:

· the date and location of the application,

· product name and EPA registration number,

· total amount applied and area treated,

· the site to which the application was made, and

· the name and certification number of the applicator.

In our office we have a small pocket size “Pesticide Application Field Records” book that is free and you can pick up to record your pesticide applications, and a Chemical Weed Control for Field Crops, Pastures, Rangeland, and Noncropland book that is free and updated each year. This publication provides suggestions for chemical weed control in several major crops.

Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

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 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt="" />
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 </figure>By STACY CAMPBELL Cottonwood Extension DistrictAs the 2024 field season gets into full swing, for farmers now is a good time for a refresher on restricted use pesticides (RUPs) and pesticide applicator licenses.There are lots of ways to categorize pesticides, one of which is general use versus restricted use. In short, a general-use pesticide is one that can be used without any special training. A RUP, on the other hand, should only be used by an individual who is a certified pesticide applicator or is under the direct supervision of a certified pesticide applicator. RUPs are classified as such due to their potential to cause ‘unreasonable adverse effects’ on the environment, the applicator, or bystanders if appropriate precautions are not taken when using the product. A few of the RUPs you may be familiar with are Atrazine, Tordon 22K, and Warrior II.Private applicator versus commercial applicator licensesThere are two types of certifications that will allow you to use a RUP. A private applicator license allows you to use or supervise the use of a restricted use pesticide to produce an agricultural commodity on property owned or rented by you or your employer. However, a commercial license is needed if you are going to apply pesticides on someone else’s property and charge a fee for the service.You can contact your local Extension office if you need to obtain or renew your private applicator's license. For commercial applicator license those are scheduled by KDA and you have to create an account with them and get registered ahead of time at https://portal.kda.ks.gov/PestFert/CertifiedApplicator/Exam/List or call (785) 564-6688.Also remember, there are some extra record-keeping requirements for individuals who apply RUPs. There is no standard form, but within two weeks of the application, you should document what was sprayed, including:· the date and location of the application,· product name and EPA registration number,· total amount applied and area treated,· the site to which the application was made, and· the name and certification number of the applicator.In our office we have a small pocket size “Pesticide Application Field Records” book that is free and you can pick up to record your pesticide applications, and a Chemical Weed Control for Field Crops, Pastures, Rangeland, and Noncropland book that is free and updated each year. This publication provides suggestions for chemical weed control in several major crops.Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact him by e-mail at scampbel@ksu.edu or by calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: Review of restricted use pesticides, applicator licenses

Summer is just around the corner and schools are rolling into their last couple of weeks!

The Cottonwood Extension District was able to take advantage of a state-wide grant program through Kansas 4-H and the Kansas Department of Education. We have four young people joining our team this summer who will be providing focused educational opportunities through several partners.

In addition to a financial literacy curriculum that will be a part of the Ellinwood Library program, youth in several of our communities will have the opportunity to participate in ag-related STEM activities, leadership lessons, and much more.

Joining our team in Barton County will be 4-H alums, Jayla Wyant and Camille Dolechek. Joining the team in Ellis County are Rhyann Brown and Leah Mages. We are excited to see their interaction with youth across our district!

Some activities and programs will be coordinated through partners such as GPS Kids Club and several area libraries; others will be open to all youth in the community. Keep an eye on our Cottonwood Extension District Facebook page for events and activities which will be open to all youth!

During both county fairs, the Summer Engagement interns will have some activities set up for youth to experience which is just one more reason to check out the events and activities of the fair!

While summer sports keep many families busy, be sure to check on the free or low-cost opportunities available through your Rec Center or library! Did someone in your family get a bike? Or maybe it’s time to air up the tires in an old one and enjoy a family bike ride. Find a new walking path and explore that as a family for exercise, fresh air, and memories!

Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668179500533.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By MICHELLE BERAN Cottonwood Extension DistrictSummer is just around the corner and schools are rolling into their last couple of weeks!The Cottonwood Extension District was able to take advantage of a state-wide grant program through Kansas 4-H and the Kansas Department of Education. We have four young people joining our team this summer who will be providing focused educational opportunities through several partners.In addition to a financial literacy curriculum that will be a part of the Ellinwood Library program, youth in several of our communities will have the opportunity to participate in ag-related STEM activities, leadership lessons, and much more.Joining our team in Barton County will be 4-H alums, Jayla Wyant and Camille Dolechek. Joining the team in Ellis County are Rhyann Brown and Leah Mages. We are excited to see their interaction with youth across our district!Some activities and programs will be coordinated through partners such as GPS Kids Club and several area libraries; others will be open to all youth in the community. Keep an eye on our Cottonwood Extension District Facebook page for events and activities which will be open to all youth!During both county fairs, the Summer Engagement interns will have some activities set up for youth to experience which is just one more reason to check out the events and activities of the fair!While summer sports keep many families busy, be sure to check on the free or low-cost opportunities available through your Rec Center or library! Did someone in your family get a bike? Or maybe it’s time to air up the tires in an old one and enjoy a family bike ride. Find a new walking path and explore that as a family for exercise, fresh air, and memories!Keep learning. Keep showing grace and kindness!Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District – Barton Office at 620-793-1910.

BERAN: Summer engagement

By KARISSA WINKEL Cottonwood Extension District

Spring is my favorite time of year. The weather warms up, and I migrate outdoors to enjoy the weather. I love walking, biking, or simply sitting on my porch to soak up the sunshine. There’s something about sunshine that lifts my mood, and I don’t think I am the only one who feels this way. Science shows that rays from the sun have a positive effect on most of us. It provides a mental boost, and it supplies Vitamin D.

Vitamin D is a useful resource throughout the entire body. It plays a role in calcium absorption for strong bones, helps keep the immune system functioning properly, improves insulin sensitivity, and is linked to a reduced risk of cognitive decline. Vitamin D can also play an important role in cancer risk, cardiovascular disease, and mental health.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/10/1697546908793.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By KARISSA WINKEL Cottonwood Extension DistrictSpring is my favorite time of year. The weather warms up, and I migrate outdoors to enjoy the weather. I love walking, biking, or simply sitting on my porch to soak up the sunshine. There’s something about sunshine that lifts my mood, and I don’t think I am the only one who feels this way. Science shows that rays from the sun have a positive effect on most of us. It provides a mental boost, and it supplies Vitamin D.Vitamin D is a useful resource throughout the entire body. It plays a role in calcium absorption for strong bones, helps keep the immune system functioning properly, improves insulin sensitivity, and is linked to a reduced risk of cognitive decline. Vitamin D can also play an important role in cancer risk, cardiovascular disease, and mental health.While we know the vitamin has fantastic effects on health, over 40% of Americans are deficient in the essential vitamin, and most of us aren’t getting the recommended intake. Children and adults should get 600 IU per day while those over 70 should aim for 800 IU.Although many of us lack the essential vitamin, there are several different ways to increase intake. Direct sunlight, diet, and supplements can all help.Sunlight exposure is the most potent source of Vitamin D. In fact, about 30 minutes of direct sunlight twice a week is equivalent to taking 20,000 IU of the vitamin orally! Experts recommend getting outdoors anytime from 10 am- 4 pm to get the full benefit.Food can also provide Vitamin D in smaller amounts. Natural sources include trout, salmon, eggs, liver, and mushrooms. Other foods are fortified with the vitamin, and these can include cereal, milk, and juice.Dietary supplements can also help you reach your Vitamin D needs. These supplements contain high levels of the vitamin, and they have been shown to cure Vitamin D-related diseases such as Rickets. Although a supplement may be convenient, it is always a good idea to consult your doctor first.Like many of nature’s gifts, Vitamin D is generous in many ways. As you know, the vitamin is necessary for good physical health, and it is promising for mental health. Studies show that people with anxiety and depression are likely to have low vitamin D levels.While we don’t know if depression is caused directly by low Vitamin D levels, we do know that getting outside to soak up sunshine can promote physical activity and provide opportunities to socialize. Along with these mood boosters, a colorful, Vitamin D-rich diet can support mental health as well.Vitamin D is a nutrient that influences a vast number of the body’s health responses, and it is critical for good health. Getting enough Vitamin D can be a simple way to take care of your body and mind. So, what can you do to protect your health and avoid Vitamin D deficiency?· Let the sun shine· Focus on food· Talk to your docKarissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.