GREAT BEND — On October 11, K-State Research and Extension will be hosting a program by Wildlife Specialist Drew Ricketts starting at 6:00 p.m. The meeting will be held at Cheyenne Bottoms Wetlands Center located at 592 NE K 156 Hwy, Great Bend. &nbsp;

During his program, he will discuss coyote biology, helping people to better understand their movements, vocalizations, and diet among other topics.&nbsp;He will also discuss tips and methods on trapping and calling coyotes including the proper use of mouth and electronic calls. 

A light meal will be served and is sponsored by P &amp; S Electric of Great Bend. Space is limited to 70 people. &nbsp;

If you enjoy the outdoors, or more specifically enjoy hunting coyotes, don’t miss out on this event!

Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/9/1695668974192.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>KSREGREAT BEND — On October 11, K-State Research and Extension will be hosting a program by Wildlife Specialist Drew Ricketts starting at 6:00 p.m. The meeting will be held at Cheyenne Bottoms Wetlands Center located at 592 NE K 156 Hwy, Great Bend. &nbsp;During his program, he will discuss coyote biology, helping people to better understand their movements, vocalizations, and diet among other topics.&nbsp;He will also discuss tips and methods on trapping and calling coyotes including the proper use of mouth and electronic calls. A light meal will be served and is sponsored by P &amp; S Electric of Great Bend. Space is limited to 70 people. &nbsp;If you enjoy the outdoors, or more specifically enjoy hunting coyotes, don’t miss out on this event!Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at aboor@ksu.edu or calling 620-793-1910.

K-State Extension coyote program scheduled for Barton County

The Cottonwood Extension District is looking to help give support
and guidance to those caring for others suffering from Alzheimer’s and dementia
during two upcoming presentations.

From 6:30 p.m. to 8 p.m. Oct. 10, Family and Community
Wellness agent Monique Koerner will discuss the KSRE Alzheimer’s 101 program
and from 6:30 p.m. to 8 p.m. Oct 11, Jill Wechsler, care coordinator at Clinkscales
Elder Law Practice offers a presentation over the behaviors of dementia patients,
along with a panel discussion with experienced caregivers.

Both events will be hosted in the Cottonwood Extension District
office at 601 Main but will be offered online as well.

“We just hope to just raise some awareness over this topic
as well as provide some education,” Koerner said.

For Koerner, knowing how difficult caring for someone
suffering from degenerative disease hits close to home. Her father was diagnosed
with Pick’s disease.

“I understand that concept of losing the person before you
lose the person,” she said. “I also saw the toll that it took on my mother with
losing him not once but twice. And so, I'm so happy to be a part of this and be
able to provide some education and support to our community around this topic.”

For those close to someone with dementia, Koerner said the
situation can be frustrating, as caregivers deal with out-of-the-ordinary
behaviors for the person.

The panel featured in the dementia presentation will feature
participants from A Different Mindset, a support group that meets online every
second Thursday of the month at 2:30 p.m., led by Micki Armstrong.

Armstrong also has a personal connection to dementia. Her
mother suffered from Alzheimer’s for 15 years.

Dementia is an all-encompassing term for many diseases, and
all are welcome to join the group, she said.

“Every person is different,” she said. “My mother's reaction
to certain things may not be the same as somebody else's mother. And so that's
the frustrating part. Because there's no set therapy that's going to be the
same for everybody.”

To sign up for the support group, email
maacarmstrong@gmail.com.

“It can be frustrating. You can feel very alone,” Armstrong
said. “It can be just overwhelming at times. And so having people who have been
in those shoes and who understand what you're going through is very, very
beneficial.”

For the caregiver, self-care is important, and a supportive
group can be help, she said.

“We know that if the caregiver doesn't take care of himself,
that person could easily get sick themselves or even possibly pass away before
the affected person does,” Armstrong said. “So, that's why we want to make sure
that our caregivers are healthy and have an outlet to express their frustration
and let them know that they're not alone in this in this journey.”

To register to attend the Cottonwood Extension District
sessions in person or via Zoom, call (785) 628-9430.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/9/1695410308572.jpg" alt="Photo courtesy Pixabay" />
 <figcaption>Photo courtesy Pixabay</figcaption>
 </figure><div><iframe title="Alzheimer’s, dementia presentations scheduled for Oct. 10-11" allowtransparency="true" height="150" width="100%" style="border: none; min-width: min(100%, 430px);height:150px;" scrolling="no" data-name="pb-iframe-player" src="https://www.podbean.com/player-v2/?i=aftu4-14b136a-pb&from=pb6admin&share=1&download=1&rtl=0&fonts=Arial&skin=f6f6f6&font-color=auto&logo_link=podcast_page&btn-skin=3267a3&size=315" loading="lazy"></iframe></div>By JAMES BELL Hays PostThe Cottonwood Extension District is looking to help give support
and guidance to those caring for others suffering from Alzheimer’s and dementia
during two upcoming presentations.From 6:30 p.m. to 8 p.m. Oct. 10, Family and Community
Wellness agent Monique Koerner will discuss the KSRE Alzheimer’s 101 program
and from 6:30 p.m. to 8 p.m. Oct 11, Jill Wechsler, care coordinator at Clinkscales
Elder Law Practice offers a presentation over the behaviors of dementia patients,
along with a panel discussion with experienced caregivers.Both events will be hosted in the Cottonwood Extension District
office at 601 Main but will be offered online as well.“We just hope to just raise some awareness over this topic
as well as provide some education,” Koerner said.For Koerner, knowing how difficult caring for someone
suffering from degenerative disease hits close to home. Her father was diagnosed
with Pick’s disease.“I understand that concept of losing the person before you
lose the person,” she said. “I also saw the toll that it took on my mother with
losing him not once but twice. And so, I'm so happy to be a part of this and be
able to provide some education and support to our community around this topic.”For those close to someone with dementia, Koerner said the
situation can be frustrating, as caregivers deal with out-of-the-ordinary
behaviors for the person.The panel featured in the dementia presentation will feature
participants from A Different Mindset, a support group that meets online every
second Thursday of the month at 2:30 p.m., led by Micki Armstrong.Armstrong also has a personal connection to dementia. Her
mother suffered from Alzheimer’s for 15 years.Dementia is an all-encompassing term for many diseases, and
all are welcome to join the group, she said.<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/9/1695417910638.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>“Every person is different,” she said. “My mother's reaction
to certain things may not be the same as somebody else's mother. And so that's
the frustrating part. Because there's no set therapy that's going to be the
same for everybody.”To sign up for the support group, email
maacarmstrong@gmail.com.“It can be frustrating. You can feel very alone,” Armstrong
said. “It can be just overwhelming at times. And so having people who have been
in those shoes and who understand what you're going through is very, very
beneficial.”For the caregiver, self-care is important, and a supportive
group can be help, she said.“We know that if the caregiver doesn't take care of himself,
that person could easily get sick themselves or even possibly pass away before
the affected person does,” Armstrong said. “So, that's why we want to make sure
that our caregivers are healthy and have an outlet to express their frustration
and let them know that they're not alone in this in this journey.”To register to attend the Cottonwood Extension District
sessions in person or via Zoom, call (785) 628-9430.

🎙 Alzheimer’s, dementia presentations scheduled for Oct. 10-11

Seed treatments are an important part of wheat production in Kansas. An updated version of the K-State publication MF2955, Seed Treatment Fungicides for Wheat Disease Management 2023 is now available at: <a href="http://www.ksre.ksu.edu/bookstore/pubs/MF2955.pdf">http://www.ksre.ksu.edu/bookstore/pubs/MF2955.pdf</a>

This updated publication features updated product efficacy information, recommendations for setting seed treatment priorities, considerations for seed treatment success, a key to common seed treatment active ingredients, and a list of some of the more common seed treatments labeled for use in Kansas.

It is important to make sure the seed treatment chosen matches the diseases and pests you are looking to control. 

Most seed treatments available for wheat in Kansas include one or more fungicide active ingredients (FRAC CODES 3 or 11) that provide protection against a suite of seedborne fungal diseases (common bunt, loose smut, flag smut) as well as soilborne seedling diseases which may result in poor emergence or damping off. 

These products may also provide early-season suppression of foliar diseases like powdery mildew and rusts. These products may provide suppression of root and foot rots but will not provide full season control against spring infections. 

Some seed treatments include metalaxyl or mefenoxam (FRAC CODE 4) which control soilborne oomycete diseases like Pythium root rot. Some products also contain insecticides like imidacloprid or thiamethoxam for early-season control of aphids, wireworms, and other insect pests. 

It is important to note that seed treatments will only provide protection from diseases and pests for approximately 30-45 days after planting and do not provide disease or insect control through the spring months. It is important to take note of grazing restrictions if the seed treatment contains an insecticide.

Adequate seed coverage is critical to ensure the maximum efficacy of any seed treatment products. Seed that is heavily contaminated with chaff or dust may limit the adherence of seed treatments. In addition, if too much clumping of the product occurs, the seed may not be uniformly covered and may not flow well through planting equipment.

Fusarium head blight (scab) in northwest Kansas: Fusarium head blight is a serious disease that can result in direct yield loss, discounts, and rejections due to mycotoxin (DON) accumulation, and loss of seed viability. Seed saved from fields with Fusarium head blight may face emergence issues in the fall. Luckily, seed treatments and proper seed cleaning can greatly reduce stand loss in these seed lots.

In 2023, there were higher-than-normal levels of Fusarium head blight in northwest Kansas due to untimely rainfall while wheat was flowering. Affected seed lots should be tested for germination (recent eUpdate article on seed tests and considered as&nbsp;candidates for a seed treatment containing a FRAC 3 or FRAC 11 fungicide, such as difenoconazole, prothioconazole, or tebuconazole).

Loose smut control and common bunt, sometimes called, “stinking smut,” can be controlled very effectively with most commercial treatments. Some regions of the state have struggled with these diseases in recent years. If you are planning to keep seed that is known to have or has been exposed to common bunt, it is critical to use a fungicide seed treatment or to purchase certified seed to avoid problems in the future.

Seed treatments can aid stand establishment when planting wheat after soybean harvest, even on seed that has high test weight and good germination. Planting wheat late into cool, wet soils often delays emergence and reduces the tillering capacity of wheat seedlings. This reduced tillering capacity diminishes the plant's ability to compensate for stand loss and maintain yield potential.

Stacy Campbell is a crop production extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension.&nbsp;

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt="Stacy Campbell is a crop production extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. Courtesy photo" />
 <figcaption>Stacy Campbell is a crop production extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. Courtesy photo</figcaption>
 </figure>Seed treatments are an important part of wheat production in Kansas. An updated version of the K-State publication MF2955, Seed Treatment Fungicides for Wheat Disease Management 2023 is now available at: <a href="http://www.ksre.ksu.edu/bookstore/pubs/MF2955.pdf">http://www.ksre.ksu.edu/bookstore/pubs/MF2955.pdf</a>This updated publication features updated product efficacy information, recommendations for setting seed treatment priorities, considerations for seed treatment success, a key to common seed treatment active ingredients, and a list of some of the more common seed treatments labeled for use in Kansas.It is important to make sure the seed treatment chosen matches the diseases and pests you are looking to control. Most seed treatments available for wheat in Kansas include one or more fungicide active ingredients (FRAC CODES 3 or 11) that provide protection against a suite of seedborne fungal diseases (common bunt, loose smut, flag smut) as well as soilborne seedling diseases which may result in poor emergence or damping off. These products may also provide early-season suppression of foliar diseases like powdery mildew and rusts. These products may provide suppression of root and foot rots but will not provide full season control against spring infections. Some seed treatments include metalaxyl or mefenoxam (FRAC CODE 4) which control soilborne oomycete diseases like Pythium root rot. Some products also contain insecticides like imidacloprid or thiamethoxam for early-season control of aphids, wireworms, and other insect pests. It is important to note that seed treatments will only provide protection from diseases and pests for approximately 30-45 days after planting and do not provide disease or insect control through the spring months. It is important to take note of grazing restrictions if the seed treatment contains an insecticide.Adequate seed coverage is critical to ensure the maximum efficacy of any seed treatment products. Seed that is heavily contaminated with chaff or dust may limit the adherence of seed treatments. In addition, if too much clumping of the product occurs, the seed may not be uniformly covered and may not flow well through planting equipment.Seed treatment priorities in 2023Fusarium head blight (scab) in northwest Kansas: Fusarium head blight is a serious disease that can result in direct yield loss, discounts, and rejections due to mycotoxin (DON) accumulation, and loss of seed viability. Seed saved from fields with Fusarium head blight may face emergence issues in the fall. Luckily, seed treatments and proper seed cleaning can greatly reduce stand loss in these seed lots. In 2023, there were higher-than-normal levels of Fusarium head blight in northwest Kansas due to untimely rainfall while wheat was flowering. Affected seed lots should be tested for germination (recent eUpdate article on seed tests and considered as&nbsp;candidates for a seed treatment containing a FRAC 3 or FRAC 11 fungicide, such as difenoconazole, prothioconazole, or tebuconazole).Loose smut control and common bunt, sometimes called, “stinking smut,” can be controlled very effectively with most commercial treatments. Some regions of the state have struggled with these diseases in recent years. If you are planning to keep seed that is known to have or has been exposed to common bunt, it is critical to use a fungicide seed treatment or to purchase certified seed to avoid problems in the future.Seed treatments can aid stand establishment when planting wheat after soybean harvest, even on seed that has high test weight and good germination. Planting wheat late into cool, wet soils often delays emergence and reduces the tillering capacity of wheat seedlings. This reduced tillering capacity diminishes the plant's ability to compensate for stand loss and maintain yield potential.Stacy Campbell is a crop production extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension.&nbsp;

CAMBELL: Seed treatments important part of Kansas wheat production 

Living Well Wednesday will begin its fall series in October. It will be the first Wednesday of the month at 12:10 p.m. 

Here is the amazing line up for October 2023-December 2023:

October 4: It's not so Kool to JUUL

Vaping is the new epidemic among youth. Twenty-five percent of Kansas high school students currently vape or have vaped. What do we know about vaping? What does it look like and who is behind this epidemic and why? So, how can we help educate the public and youth? We have learned many things about vaping in the past few years, it causes depression, is very addictive, and hard to quit. Kansas has several programs that are available to help combat this vaping problem among our youth. These topics will be discussed as well as the work going on in prevention.

Presenter: Donna Gerstner, LiveWell Finney County CDRR Grant Coordinator and the E- Cig Prevention Grant Coordinator

November 1: Teen Stress and Anxiety: How Worried Do Parents Need to Be?

This program will examine the current state of teen mental health and decipher for parents what is normal teen stress versus when professional help maybe needed. Parents want to say the right thing when their child talks about their stresses, but sometimes it is hard to find the words. This will give parents scripts and strategies to talk about these tricky topics. Christy Perez, a licensed clinical counselor, will be available to answer any of those hard questions parents may have.

Presenters: • Christine D. Perez, EdS, LCPC; Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, Director of Crisis Services @ Crawford County Mental Health Center •&nbsp;&nbsp;Erin Tynon, M.S in Family Life Education and Consultation; Family Consumer Science Agent, Pottawatomie County

December 6: Rapid Development of Baby Brains and Why it Matters

Offered in Spanish on Thursday, December 7 at 11 a.m.

This session will describe the importance of early experiences for babies because of their rapid brain development. Discuss the effects of stress and trauma on brain development and actions that provide protective factors for healthy brain development in babies.

Presenters: • Dr. Bradford Wiles, Kansas State University Child Development Specialist • Monique Koerner, Community Wellness Extension Agent, Cottonwood District •&nbsp; Tristen Cope, Family and Youth Development Agent, Chisholm Trail District Presenter for Spanish: • Elizabeth Brunscheen-Cartagena, Family Life &amp; Resource Management Agent, Sedgwick County

We are hoping to reach parents of all ages and those that interact with youth. Spanish versions will also be available through a live webinar on December 7; other topics will be offered through prerecording with links posted on website: <a href="https://www.ksre.k-state.edu/fcs/livingwellwed/">https://www.ksre.k-state.edu/fcs/livingwellwed/</a>

Mark your calendars and join us! If you have any questions, please feel free to get in touch with me.

Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522176561.png" alt="Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension, Cottonwood District." />
 <figcaption>Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension, Cottonwood District.</figcaption>
 </figure>Living Well Wednesday will begin its fall series in October. It will be the first Wednesday of the month at 12:10 p.m. Here is the amazing line up for October 2023-December 2023:October 4: It's not so Kool to JUULVaping is the new epidemic among youth. Twenty-five percent of Kansas high school students currently vape or have vaped. What do we know about vaping? What does it look like and who is behind this epidemic and why? So, how can we help educate the public and youth? We have learned many things about vaping in the past few years, it causes depression, is very addictive, and hard to quit. Kansas has several programs that are available to help combat this vaping problem among our youth. These topics will be discussed as well as the work going on in prevention.Presenter: Donna Gerstner, LiveWell Finney County CDRR Grant Coordinator and the E- Cig Prevention Grant CoordinatorNovember 1: Teen Stress and Anxiety: How Worried Do Parents Need to Be?This program will examine the current state of teen mental health and decipher for parents what is normal teen stress versus when professional help maybe needed. Parents want to say the right thing when their child talks about their stresses, but sometimes it is hard to find the words. This will give parents scripts and strategies to talk about these tricky topics. Christy Perez, a licensed clinical counselor, will be available to answer any of those hard questions parents may have.Presenters: • Christine D. Perez, EdS, LCPC; Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, Director of Crisis Services @ Crawford County Mental Health Center •&nbsp;&nbsp;Erin Tynon, M.S in Family Life Education and Consultation; Family Consumer Science Agent, Pottawatomie County December 6: Rapid Development of Baby Brains and Why it MattersOffered in Spanish on Thursday, December 7 at 11 a.m.This session will describe the importance of early experiences for babies because of their rapid brain development. Discuss the effects of stress and trauma on brain development and actions that provide protective factors for healthy brain development in babies.Presenters: • Dr. Bradford Wiles, Kansas State University Child Development Specialist • Monique Koerner, Community Wellness Extension Agent, Cottonwood District •&nbsp; Tristen Cope, Family and Youth Development Agent, Chisholm Trail District Presenter for Spanish: • Elizabeth Brunscheen-Cartagena, Family Life &amp; Resource Management Agent, Sedgwick County We are hoping to reach parents of all ages and those that interact with youth. Spanish versions will also be available through a live webinar on December 7; other topics will be offered through prerecording with links posted on website: <a href="https://www.ksre.k-state.edu/fcs/livingwellwed/">https://www.ksre.k-state.edu/fcs/livingwellwed/</a>Mark your calendars and join us! If you have any questions, please feel free to get in touch with me.Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu.

KOERNER: Living Well Wednesday virtual learning series starts in Oct.

The general target date for planting wheat for optimum grain yields in Kansas is within a week of the best pest management planting date, or BPMP (formerly known as the “Hessian fly-free”) date. If forage production is the primary goal, earlier planting (mid-September) can increase forage yield. However, if grain yield is the primary goal, then waiting until the BPMP date to start planting is the best approach 

Planting in mid-September is ideal for dual-purpose wheat systems where forage yields need to be maximized while reducing the effects of early planting on reduced grain yields. However, due to the current dry conditions, coupled with the outlook of continued drought in Kansas, planting wheat for dual-purpose or for forage only does not seem like a viable option this year.

While the BPMP planting date on wheat yield will hold true for most years, they will largely depend on environmental conditions and disease pressure during the growing season.

 In some years, earlier-planted wheat does best and in some years the later-planted wheat does best, and these year-specific performances usually relate to the weather experienced in the fall and spring. For instance, early-planted fields in growing seasons with a warm fall might produce excessive biomass that will use an excessive amount of water during the fall. If the following spring is dry, soil water deficit during grain filling then can reduce grain yield. Conversely, a warm fall would favor tillering of a later-planted wheat crop, helping to compensate for this delay. 

The opposite is also true: in years with an early onset of cold temperatures during the fall, an earlier planted crop might perform better than a later-planted crop due to its ability to produce enough fall tillers to maximize grain yield. 

Research was conducted by Merle Witt with late-sown wheat in Garden City from 1985 through 1991. Averaged across all these years, delaying wheat sowing from October 1 to November 1 delayed heading date by 6 days and decreased wheat yields by 23%. The grain-filling period was progressively shortened by about 1.7 days and occurred under hotter temperatures (about 1.5°F) for every month of delay in sowing date.

In dry years, seedling emergence and stand establishment can be uneven. These dry conditions can also lead to poor crown root development and fall tillering. If fields become too wet to plant by mid-October and stay that way through the remainder of the fall, then producers end up planting much later than the optimum planting date.

 Following an unusual year, producers will often start planting earlier than the recommended date if soil conditions are good because the negative consequences of adverse conditions are fresh on their minds. However, planting early also increases the risk of other production problems including multiple diseases, insect pests, weed infestations, and undesirable growth of the crop, to name a few. 

To read the full article of the many risks associated with early planting and to see accompanying tables with other information related to this article (recommended planting dates, etc.) go to <a href="https://cottonwood.k-state.edu/">www.cottonwood.ksu.edu</a>.

In summary, early sowing of wheat can lead to several problems, from increased chances of insect or mite-transmitted viral diseases to decreased emergence due to high temperatures and&nbsp;its consequences on wheat germination of particular varieties and reduced coleoptile length. 

Ideally, growers should consider planting around the optimum window; but, if planting early due to moisture availability or a dual-purpose system, growers should consider selecting wheat varieties with tolerance to the major yield-reducing factors in their respective region. Growers should strongly consider a seed treatment with both fungicides and insecticides if planting wheat early in Kansas.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt="Stacy Campbell is a crop production extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. Courtesy photo" />
 <figcaption>Stacy Campbell is a crop production extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. Courtesy photo</figcaption>
 </figure>The general target date for planting wheat for optimum grain yields in Kansas is within a week of the best pest management planting date, or BPMP (formerly known as the “Hessian fly-free”) date. If forage production is the primary goal, earlier planting (mid-September) can increase forage yield. However, if grain yield is the primary goal, then waiting until the BPMP date to start planting is the best approach Planting in mid-September is ideal for dual-purpose wheat systems where forage yields need to be maximized while reducing the effects of early planting on reduced grain yields. However, due to the current dry conditions, coupled with the outlook of continued drought in Kansas, planting wheat for dual-purpose or for forage only does not seem like a viable option this year.While the BPMP planting date on wheat yield will hold true for most years, they will largely depend on environmental conditions and disease pressure during the growing season. In some years, earlier-planted wheat does best and in some years the later-planted wheat does best, and these year-specific performances usually relate to the weather experienced in the fall and spring. For instance, early-planted fields in growing seasons with a warm fall might produce excessive biomass that will use an excessive amount of water during the fall. If the following spring is dry, soil water deficit during grain filling then can reduce grain yield. Conversely, a warm fall would favor tillering of a later-planted wheat crop, helping to compensate for this delay. The opposite is also true: in years with an early onset of cold temperatures during the fall, an earlier planted crop might perform better than a later-planted crop due to its ability to produce enough fall tillers to maximize grain yield. Research was conducted by Merle Witt with late-sown wheat in Garden City from 1985 through 1991. Averaged across all these years, delaying wheat sowing from October 1 to November 1 delayed heading date by 6 days and decreased wheat yields by 23%. The grain-filling period was progressively shortened by about 1.7 days and occurred under hotter temperatures (about 1.5°F) for every month of delay in sowing date.In dry years, seedling emergence and stand establishment can be uneven. These dry conditions can also lead to poor crown root development and fall tillering. If fields become too wet to plant by mid-October and stay that way through the remainder of the fall, then producers end up planting much later than the optimum planting date. Following an unusual year, producers will often start planting earlier than the recommended date if soil conditions are good because the negative consequences of adverse conditions are fresh on their minds. However, planting early also increases the risk of other production problems including multiple diseases, insect pests, weed infestations, and undesirable growth of the crop, to name a few. To read the full article of the many risks associated with early planting and to see accompanying tables with other information related to this article (recommended planting dates, etc.) go to <a href="https://cottonwood.k-state.edu/">www.cottonwood.ksu.edu</a>.In summary, early sowing of wheat can lead to several problems, from increased chances of insect or mite-transmitted viral diseases to decreased emergence due to high temperatures and&nbsp;its consequences on wheat germination of particular varieties and reduced coleoptile length. Ideally, growers should consider planting around the optimum window; but, if planting early due to moisture availability or a dual-purpose system, growers should consider selecting wheat varieties with tolerance to the major yield-reducing factors in their respective region. Growers should strongly consider a seed treatment with both fungicides and insecticides if planting wheat early in Kansas.Stacy Campbell is a crop production extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension.&nbsp;

CAMPBELL: Be cautious of planting wheat too early   

Senior Health Insurance Counseling for Kansas offers one-on-one, non-biased counseling and assistance to individuals and families either getting ready to sign up for Medicare, or those who already have Medicare.

Medicare Open Enrollment is from October 15-December 7. During this time period you can:

· Change from Original Medicare to a Medicare Advantage Plan. · Change from a Medicare Advantage Plan back to Original Medicare. · Switch from one Medicare Advantage Plan to another Medicare Advantage Plan. · Switch from a Medicare Advantage Plan that doesn't offer drug coverage to a Medicare Advantage Plan that offers drug coverage. · Switch from a Medicare Advantage Plan that offers drug coverage to a Medicare Advantage Plan that doesn't offer drug coverage. · Join a Medicare Prescription Drug Plan. · Switch from one Medicare drug plan to another Medicare drug plan. · Drop your Medicare prescription drug coverage completely.

Volunteer counselors receive training on Medicare, Medicare Supplemental Insurance, and other health insurance issues that concern Kansans. The Senior Health Insurance counselors are not affiliated with the insurance industry. 

If you are new to Medicare or have questions about Medicare or Medicare-related issues, the Senior Health Insurance counselors at the Cottonwood Extension office are taking one-on-one appointments for October. Call 620-793-1910 to learn more.

Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension, Cottonwood District. You may reach her at 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/6/1687379885179.png" alt="Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension, Cottonwood District. Courtesy photo" />
 <figcaption>Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension, Cottonwood District. Courtesy photo</figcaption>
 </figure>Senior Health Insurance Counseling for Kansas offers one-on-one, non-biased counseling and assistance to individuals and families either getting ready to sign up for Medicare, or those who already have Medicare.Medicare Open EnrollmentMedicare Open Enrollment is from October 15-December 7. During this time period you can:· Change from Original Medicare to a Medicare Advantage Plan. · Change from a Medicare Advantage Plan back to Original Medicare. · Switch from one Medicare Advantage Plan to another Medicare Advantage Plan. · Switch from a Medicare Advantage Plan that doesn't offer drug coverage to a Medicare Advantage Plan that offers drug coverage. · Switch from a Medicare Advantage Plan that offers drug coverage to a Medicare Advantage Plan that doesn't offer drug coverage. · Join a Medicare Prescription Drug Plan. · Switch from one Medicare drug plan to another Medicare drug plan. · Drop your Medicare prescription drug coverage completely. Volunteer counselors receive training on Medicare, Medicare Supplemental Insurance, and other health insurance issues that concern Kansans. The Senior Health Insurance counselors are not affiliated with the insurance industry. If you are new to Medicare or have questions about Medicare or Medicare-related issues, the Senior Health Insurance counselors at the Cottonwood Extension office are taking one-on-one appointments for October. Call 620-793-1910 to learn more.Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension, Cottonwood District. You may reach her at 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.

WINKEL: Extension available for Medicare open enrollment counseling

The Kansas State Fair finished up this weekend and we couldn’t have ordered nicer weather! The fair experienced great crowds and it was so nice to see the number of people who walked through Centennial Hall or sat in the bleachers during the livestock shows.

While the midway is lots of fun, there are so many additional areas to experience! 

Some of my favorites are the K-State Vet Med Birthing Center, the Domestic Arts Building with all of the open class foods and quilts, and the Pride of Kansas Building. Of course, Centennial Hall is my favorite as it holds the 4-H entries!

Cottonwood-Barton 4-H members entered 57 projects which doesn’t include any livestock. A variety of ribbons were earned by these 4-H members and I hope that each family was able to attend the fair to see their items on display.

Just like the Barton County Fair, this is a showcase event for 4-H members who have worked hard on project learning all year. It is easy to get caught up in the ribbon placing but we are really celebrating the hours spent in a barn working with livestock, the dozens of time a recipe was made and kitchen skills honed, and the meticulous gathering and labeling of insects.

We have had packed schedules on both weekends for communications presentations. 

Standing up in front of a crowd is hard enough but these young people are presenting in front of a crowd that may keep moving, little ones who cry or shout in the middle of their presentation, and using equipment that may be a bit different than they are used to. 

One of my favorite moments occurred during the first weekend when a 4-H member was really struggling as she was to present the next day. 

One of the Kansas 4-H Youth Council members knew her and immediately began to calm and coach her. She knew that others were cheering for her and giving her good advice which helped. By the way, that 4-H member received a blue ribbon on her presentation and has set a goal to qualify again next year!

If you know a 4-H member, be sure to ask what they learned before you asked where they placed!

Keep learning! Keep showing grace and kindness!

Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District, Barton Office at 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668177519229.png" alt="Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District.&nbsp; Courtesy photo" />
 <figcaption>Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District.&nbsp; Courtesy photo</figcaption>
 </figure>The Kansas State Fair finished up this weekend and we couldn’t have ordered nicer weather! The fair experienced great crowds and it was so nice to see the number of people who walked through Centennial Hall or sat in the bleachers during the livestock shows.While the midway is lots of fun, there are so many additional areas to experience! Some of my favorites are the K-State Vet Med Birthing Center, the Domestic Arts Building with all of the open class foods and quilts, and the Pride of Kansas Building. Of course, Centennial Hall is my favorite as it holds the 4-H entries!Cottonwood-Barton 4-H members entered 57 projects which doesn’t include any livestock. A variety of ribbons were earned by these 4-H members and I hope that each family was able to attend the fair to see their items on display.Just like the Barton County Fair, this is a showcase event for 4-H members who have worked hard on project learning all year. It is easy to get caught up in the ribbon placing but we are really celebrating the hours spent in a barn working with livestock, the dozens of time a recipe was made and kitchen skills honed, and the meticulous gathering and labeling of insects.We have had packed schedules on both weekends for communications presentations. Standing up in front of a crowd is hard enough but these young people are presenting in front of a crowd that may keep moving, little ones who cry or shout in the middle of their presentation, and using equipment that may be a bit different than they are used to. One of my favorite moments occurred during the first weekend when a 4-H member was really struggling as she was to present the next day. One of the Kansas 4-H Youth Council members knew her and immediately began to calm and coach her. She knew that others were cheering for her and giving her good advice which helped. By the way, that 4-H member received a blue ribbon on her presentation and has set a goal to qualify again next year!If you know a 4-H member, be sure to ask what they learned before you asked where they placed!Keep learning! Keep showing grace and kindness!Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District, Barton Office at 620-793-1910.

BERAN: State fair follow up

My column this week is from Maddy Rohr at K-State Research and Extension news service. I thought it important to get this information out about the pending farm bill.

MANHATTAN — Farm and food policy go hand in hand, so current discussions leading to the next U.S. Farm Bill is likely to affect the availability of food, said Kansas State University agricultural policy specialist Jenny Ifft.

“Food stamps began during the Great Depression based on shared policy objectives of increasing farm income and decreasing hunger in both rural and urban areas,” Ifft said. “Now that program is called SNAP.”

Ten percent of Kansas households experience food insecurity, K-State SNAP-Education coordinator Lisa Ross said.

“The effects of food insecurity can cause health complications, especially in growth and development of children,” Ross said. “SNAP-Ed works to give everyone nutrition education and make sure they get the most out of food assistance programs.”

Nutrition programs are predicted to make up 84% of farm bill spending because of the large role food assistance programs play in the broader social safety net, Ifft adds. SNAP-Ed works to help people eligible for assistance programs lead healthier lives within a limited budget.

“We also initiate and support policy system environmental work designed to promote healthy behavior and decisions in Kansas communities,” Ross said.

SNAP has more than 50 million participants nationwide, most of whom are children or elderly and disabled. Ifft explains that the majority of policy debates are about the 10% of SNAP participants in the “able-bodied without dependents” category.

“The budget for both food programs and farms increased in the last five years, but nutrition increased more,” Ifft said. “That is a topic of debate as well as increasing the budget for SNAP.”

According to Ifft, the SNAP budget was increased administratively by the USDA in the last five years, bringing to question who gets to make those changes -- and ultimately adding to the farm bill debate.

With more than 94,000 households receiving SNAP benefits, SNAP-Ed works to improve health outcomes in SNAP participants and communities.

“It is really important that we work together on this farm bill because without SNAP there is no SNAP-education,” Ross said.

For more resources, Ross recommends visiting <a href="https://www.k-state.edu/ks-snaped/">K-State SNAP-Ed</a> or reaching out to&nbsp;<a href="https://www.ksre.k-state.edu/about/statewide-locations.html">local extension agents</a>.

K-State Research and Extension is a short name for the Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, a program designed to generate and distribute useful knowledge for the wellbeing of Kansans. Supported by county, state, federal and private funds, the program has county extension offices, experiment fields, area extension offices and regional research centers statewide. Its headquarters is on the K-State campus in Manhattan. For more information, visit <a href="https://www.ksre.k-state.edu/">www.ksre.ksu.edu</a>. K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension, Cottonwood District. You may reach her at&nbsp; 785-628-9430 or&nbsp;moniquek@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668522152076.jpeg" alt="Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension, Cottonwood District. Courtesy photo" />
 <figcaption>Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension, Cottonwood District. Courtesy photo</figcaption>
 </figure>My column this week is from Maddy Rohr at K-State Research and Extension news service. I thought it important to get this information out about the pending farm bill.MANHATTAN — Farm and food policy go hand in hand, so current discussions leading to the next U.S. Farm Bill is likely to affect the availability of food, said Kansas State University agricultural policy specialist Jenny Ifft.“Food stamps began during the Great Depression based on shared policy objectives of increasing farm income and decreasing hunger in both rural and urban areas,” Ifft said. “Now that program is called SNAP.”Ten percent of Kansas households experience food insecurity, K-State SNAP-Education coordinator Lisa Ross said.“The effects of food insecurity can cause health complications, especially in growth and development of children,” Ross said. “SNAP-Ed works to give everyone nutrition education and make sure they get the most out of food assistance programs.”Nutrition programs are predicted to make up 84% of farm bill spending because of the large role food assistance programs play in the broader social safety net, Ifft adds. SNAP-Ed works to help people eligible for assistance programs lead healthier lives within a limited budget.“We also initiate and support policy system environmental work designed to promote healthy behavior and decisions in Kansas communities,” Ross said.SNAP has more than 50 million participants nationwide, most of whom are children or elderly and disabled. Ifft explains that the majority of policy debates are about the 10% of SNAP participants in the “able-bodied without dependents” category.“The budget for both food programs and farms increased in the last five years, but nutrition increased more,” Ifft said. “That is a topic of debate as well as increasing the budget for SNAP.”According to Ifft, the SNAP budget was increased administratively by the USDA in the last five years, bringing to question who gets to make those changes -- and ultimately adding to the farm bill debate.With more than 94,000 households receiving SNAP benefits, SNAP-Ed works to improve health outcomes in SNAP participants and communities.“It is really important that we work together on this farm bill because without SNAP there is no SNAP-education,” Ross said.For more resources, Ross recommends visiting <a href="https://www.k-state.edu/ks-snaped/">K-State SNAP-Ed</a> or reaching out to&nbsp;<a href="https://www.ksre.k-state.edu/about/statewide-locations.html">local extension agents</a>.K-State Research and Extension is a short name for the Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service, a program designed to generate and distribute useful knowledge for the wellbeing of Kansans. Supported by county, state, federal and private funds, the program has county extension offices, experiment fields, area extension offices and regional research centers statewide. Its headquarters is on the K-State campus in Manhattan. For more information, visit <a href="https://www.ksre.k-state.edu/">www.ksre.ksu.edu</a>. K-State Research and Extension is an equal opportunity provider and employer.Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension, Cottonwood District. You may reach her at&nbsp; 785-628-9430 or&nbsp;moniquek@ksu.edu.

KOERNER: Farm bill legislation also affects nutrition programs

Wheat streak mosaic virus could be problematic this coming season, with rainfall and hail events around the state. 

One of the best preventative measures for wheat streak is the control of volunteer wheat early and often after harvest. If volunteer wheat is allowed to stand, it creates a “green bridge”, allowing wheat streak mosaic and wheat curl mites to survive locally. Volunteer wheat should be terminated at least two weeks prior to planting to allow sufficient time for mites to die off. Growers should be mindful of volunteer wheat that may “hide” in double-cropped soybeans or cover crops.

Breaking the “green bridge” - wheat curl mites will move off growing wheat as the green tissue dries down and dies. After moving off the existing wheat at or near harvest time, the mites need to find green tissue of a suitable host soon or they will die (death of the whole population will take approximately two weeks).

Management with genetic resistance: One tool in the toolbox -other than timely control of volunteer wheat, genetic resistance is also an important tool for WSMV control. Genetic resistance to wheat streak mosaic can also reduce the risk of severe disease problems. There are currently several that have wheat streak mosaic resistance.

Some of these varieties have a gene named WSM2. These resistance genes help but have some serious limitations. For example, they are effective against wheat streak mosaic virus, but not against triticum mosaic or wheat mosaic virus (high plains disease), two other viral diseases spread by wheat curl mites, sometimes simultaneously. The resistance conferred by WSM2 is also temperature sensitive and is much less effective at high temperatures

Although resistance in a few varieties seem to endure greater temperatures before breaking down (~ 70º F). If wheat is planted early for grazing or if high temperatures persist into October, the resistance is much less effective.

In addition, there are a handful of varieties with resistance to the wheat curl mite. These varieties remain susceptible to viral diseases, but they generally slow the development of the mite populations in the fall. This resistance can help reduce the risk of severe disease but will not provide enough protection if wheat is planted in close proximity to volunteer wheat or other hosts infested with large populations of the curl mites and virus.

Unfortunately, many of these varieties are adapted to western Kansas and may not be the best options for production systems in the central corridor. There are some central Kansas-adapted&nbsp;varieties that tolerate WSMV infection better than others. These varieties will still show symptoms of WSMV, but may yield better than other varieties that are more susceptible. 

More information on variety selection can be found at <a href="https://cottonwood.k-state.edu/crops-livestock/">www.cottonwood.ksu.edu</a>. Click onto the Crops and Livestock tab and look under Hot Topics. Also the full version of this abbreviated article is listed there too.

Other hosts for the wheat curl mite -volunteer wheat is not the only host of the wheat curl mite. Over the years, multiple research studies have evaluated the suitability of wild grasses as hosts for both the curl mite and the wheat streak virus. 

The K-State Research and Extension publication, MF3383 - Wheat Streak Mosaic, includes information about grassy weed hosts of the mite and virus, and the contribution of these hosts to the risk of severe wheat streak mosaic infections. Take note of significant stands of these grasses in marginal areas and control them as you would volunteer wheat.

If volunteer wheat and other hosts are not controlled throughout the summer and become infested with wheat curl mites, the mites will survive until fall and could infest newly planted wheat. Wheat curl mite infestations of wheat often lead to wheat streak mosaic infections.

Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You may contact him by e-mail at&nbsp;scampbel@ksu.edu&nbsp;or by calling 785-628-9430.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/4/1681266655144.jpeg" alt="Stacy Campbell is a crop production extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. Courtesy photo" />
 <figcaption>Stacy Campbell is a crop production extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. Courtesy photo</figcaption>
 </figure>Wheat streak mosaic virus could be problematic this coming season, with rainfall and hail events around the state. One of the best preventative measures for wheat streak is the control of volunteer wheat early and often after harvest. If volunteer wheat is allowed to stand, it creates a “green bridge”, allowing wheat streak mosaic and wheat curl mites to survive locally. Volunteer wheat should be terminated at least two weeks prior to planting to allow sufficient time for mites to die off. Growers should be mindful of volunteer wheat that may “hide” in double-cropped soybeans or cover crops.Breaking the “green bridge” - wheat curl mites will move off growing wheat as the green tissue dries down and dies. After moving off the existing wheat at or near harvest time, the mites need to find green tissue of a suitable host soon or they will die (death of the whole population will take approximately two weeks).Management with genetic resistance: One tool in the toolbox -other than timely control of volunteer wheat, genetic resistance is also an important tool for WSMV control. Genetic resistance to wheat streak mosaic can also reduce the risk of severe disease problems. There are currently several that have wheat streak mosaic resistance.Some of these varieties have a gene named WSM2. These resistance genes help but have some serious limitations. For example, they are effective against wheat streak mosaic virus, but not against triticum mosaic or wheat mosaic virus (high plains disease), two other viral diseases spread by wheat curl mites, sometimes simultaneously. The resistance conferred by WSM2 is also temperature sensitive and is much less effective at high temperaturesAlthough resistance in a few varieties seem to endure greater temperatures before breaking down (~ 70º F). If wheat is planted early for grazing or if high temperatures persist into October, the resistance is much less effective.In addition, there are a handful of varieties with resistance to the wheat curl mite. These varieties remain susceptible to viral diseases, but they generally slow the development of the mite populations in the fall. This resistance can help reduce the risk of severe disease but will not provide enough protection if wheat is planted in close proximity to volunteer wheat or other hosts infested with large populations of the curl mites and virus.Unfortunately, many of these varieties are adapted to western Kansas and may not be the best options for production systems in the central corridor. There are some central Kansas-adapted&nbsp;varieties that tolerate WSMV infection better than others. These varieties will still show symptoms of WSMV, but may yield better than other varieties that are more susceptible. More information on variety selection can be found at <a href="https://cottonwood.k-state.edu/crops-livestock/">www.cottonwood.ksu.edu</a>. Click onto the Crops and Livestock tab and look under Hot Topics. Also the full version of this abbreviated article is listed there too.Other hosts for the wheat curl mite -volunteer wheat is not the only host of the wheat curl mite. Over the years, multiple research studies have evaluated the suitability of wild grasses as hosts for both the curl mite and the wheat streak virus. The K-State Research and Extension publication, MF3383 - Wheat Streak Mosaic, includes information about grassy weed hosts of the mite and virus, and the contribution of these hosts to the risk of severe wheat streak mosaic infections. Take note of significant stands of these grasses in marginal areas and control them as you would volunteer wheat.If volunteer wheat and other hosts are not controlled throughout the summer and become infested with wheat curl mites, the mites will survive until fall and could infest newly planted wheat. Wheat curl mite infestations of wheat often lead to wheat streak mosaic infections.Stacy Campbell is a Crop Production Extension agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You may contact him by e-mail at&nbsp;scampbel@ksu.edu&nbsp;or by calling 785-628-9430.

CAMPBELL: Wheat streak mosaic virus: control of volunteer is crucial

Breakfast. Either you love it or you skip it. It’s a meal that not everyone makes a priority, and it is often easier to hit the snooze button than to cook first thing in the morning. Although there is strong evidence that breakfast eaters are more likely to have a lower BMI, have better cognitive performance, and are less likely to snack throughout the day. Fueling up at breakfast is similar to fueling up the car before a long road trip. You wouldn’t be able to drive very far on fumes, so why would you expect your body to function optimally on an empty stomach?

If you want to make breakfast a regular part of your day, here are a few strategies to simplify your routine:

1. Just Break the Fast. If the idea of breakfast turns your stomach, don’t fret. The term “breakfast” simply means to break the fast, and we all do it whether it is at 7 a.m. or noon. Ideally, consuming something within two hours of waking energizes the body and reduces brain fog, but listening to your body is key. Packing breakfast on the go may be a good option if you don’t feel hungry until mid-morning. Having a late breakfast is still better than becoming overly hungry which leads to overeating throughout the day.

2. Prep the Night Before. Making breakfast ahead of time will make your morning routine a breeze. Visualize MyPlate when creating your breakfast with fruits, veggies, lean protein, whole grains, and healthy fats. Here are a few balanced options that can be made in advance:

· Greek yogurt parfaits with whole-grain granola, mixed nuts, and fruit · Hard-boiled egg with toast, avocado, and tomato · Overnight oats with milk, Greek yogurt, peanut butter, and fruit · Freezer breakfast burritos with scrambled eggs, cheese, spinach, and a whole-grain tortilla

3. No Food Rules. In the US, we have definitions of what we consider “breakfast foods,” but it doesn’t necessarily matter what you choose to have first thing in the morning. Fueling up with a balanced meal is what is important. For example, if leftovers from supper sound good the next morning, this would make for a quick meal and help reduce food waste.

Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension, Cottonwood District. You may reach her at 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/6/1687379885179.png" alt="Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension, Cottonwood District. Courtesy photo" />
 <figcaption>Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension, Cottonwood District. Courtesy photo</figcaption>
 </figure>Breakfast. Either you love it or you skip it. It’s a meal that not everyone makes a priority, and it is often easier to hit the snooze button than to cook first thing in the morning. Although there is strong evidence that breakfast eaters are more likely to have a lower BMI, have better cognitive performance, and are less likely to snack throughout the day. Fueling up at breakfast is similar to fueling up the car before a long road trip. You wouldn’t be able to drive very far on fumes, so why would you expect your body to function optimally on an empty stomach?If you want to make breakfast a regular part of your day, here are a few strategies to simplify your routine:1. Just Break the Fast. If the idea of breakfast turns your stomach, don’t fret. The term “breakfast” simply means to break the fast, and we all do it whether it is at 7 a.m. or noon. Ideally, consuming something within two hours of waking energizes the body and reduces brain fog, but listening to your body is key. Packing breakfast on the go may be a good option if you don’t feel hungry until mid-morning. Having a late breakfast is still better than becoming overly hungry which leads to overeating throughout the day.2. Prep the Night Before. Making breakfast ahead of time will make your morning routine a breeze. Visualize MyPlate when creating your breakfast with fruits, veggies, lean protein, whole grains, and healthy fats. Here are a few balanced options that can be made in advance:· Greek yogurt parfaits with whole-grain granola, mixed nuts, and fruit · Hard-boiled egg with toast, avocado, and tomato · Overnight oats with milk, Greek yogurt, peanut butter, and fruit · Freezer breakfast burritos with scrambled eggs, cheese, spinach, and a whole-grain tortilla 3. No Food Rules. In the US, we have definitions of what we consider “breakfast foods,” but it doesn’t necessarily matter what you choose to have first thing in the morning. Fueling up with a balanced meal is what is important. For example, if leftovers from supper sound good the next morning, this would make for a quick meal and help reduce food waste.Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension, Cottonwood District. You may reach her at 620-793-1910.

WINKEL: Make breakfast a no-brainer

Summer is filled with colorful fruits and vegetables, from watermelon to tomatoes to fresh corn on the cob. It’s the season to indulge in foods that are tasty and good for you, too!

We all know that it’s important to include fruits and vegetables in our diets. Here are a few key factors to encourage you to opt for produce. 

The fiber in fruits and veggies helps keep you full, helps improve digestion, and helps reduce the risks and effects of several diseases such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and high blood pressure.

Many fruits and vegetables are packed with vitamins and minerals that our bodies can't produce on their own. This is why experts recommend filling half of your plate during meals with fruits and vegetables.

By consuming more fruits and vegetables, you fill up faster on low-calorie foods. This can help reduce weight and reduce cravings for sugary and fatty foods. This is because your body is likely getting the nutrients it needs and filling up on fiber. The good news is that whether produce is fresh, frozen, canned, or dried, fruits and vegetables can be consumed year-round.

National Fruits and Veggies Month also comes with a reminder to cut food waste in the United States. The Environmental Protection Agency estimates that nearly 40% of food waste occurs at home.

Before shopping at the store, shop your kitchen first. Plan meals and snacks based on what you have available, and make a meal schedule to help use up produce before it spoils. This will help cut your grocery bill and minimize food waste.

Other tips for reducing food waste include: • Add perishable foods to a casserole, salad or soup. •&nbsp;Freeze fresh produce to use later. • Don’t buy in bulk if it’s not an item you can use quickly. • Prepare fresh produce so that it’s easy to grab and go for easy snacks. • If food is spoiled, consider composting if you have space available.

More information on incorporating fruits and vegetables into your daily diet plan – not just in September – is available from several sources, including:

• K-State Research and Extension food, Nutrition, Dietetics and Health: <a href="https://www.ksre.k-state.edu/humannutrition/">ksre.ksu.edu/humannutrition</a> • Produce for a Better Health Foundation: <a href="https://fruitsandveggies.org/">https://fruitsandveggies.org&nbsp;</a> • USDA MyPlate:<a href="https://www.myplate.gov/eat-healthy/what-is-myplate"> https://www.myplate.gov/eat-healthy/what-is-myplate</a>

Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/6/1687379885179.png" alt="Karissa Winkel is the family and community wellness agent with K-State Research and Extension, Cottonwood District. Courtesy photo" />
 <figcaption>Karissa Winkel is the family and community wellness agent with K-State Research and Extension, Cottonwood District. Courtesy photo</figcaption>
 </figure>Summer is filled with colorful fruits and vegetables, from watermelon to tomatoes to fresh corn on the cob. It’s the season to indulge in foods that are tasty and good for you, too!We all know that it’s important to include fruits and vegetables in our diets. Here are a few key factors to encourage you to opt for produce. The fiber in fruits and veggies helps keep you full, helps improve digestion, and helps reduce the risks and effects of several diseases such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and high blood pressure.Many fruits and vegetables are packed with vitamins and minerals that our bodies can't produce on their own. This is why experts recommend filling half of your plate during meals with fruits and vegetables.By consuming more fruits and vegetables, you fill up faster on low-calorie foods. This can help reduce weight and reduce cravings for sugary and fatty foods. This is because your body is likely getting the nutrients it needs and filling up on fiber. The good news is that whether produce is fresh, frozen, canned, or dried, fruits and vegetables can be consumed year-round.National Fruits and Veggies Month also comes with a reminder to cut food waste in the United States. The Environmental Protection Agency estimates that nearly 40% of food waste occurs at home.Before shopping at the store, shop your kitchen first. Plan meals and snacks based on what you have available, and make a meal schedule to help use up produce before it spoils. This will help cut your grocery bill and minimize food waste.Other tips for reducing food waste include: • Add perishable foods to a casserole, salad or soup. •&nbsp;Freeze fresh produce to use later. • Don’t buy in bulk if it’s not an item you can use quickly. • Prepare fresh produce so that it’s easy to grab and go for easy snacks. • If food is spoiled, consider composting if you have space available. More information on incorporating fruits and vegetables into your daily diet plan – not just in September – is available from several sources, including:• K-State Research and Extension food, Nutrition, Dietetics and Health: <a href="https://www.ksre.k-state.edu/humannutrition/">ksre.ksu.edu/humannutrition</a> • Produce for a Better Health Foundation: <a href="https://fruitsandveggies.org/">https://fruitsandveggies.org&nbsp;</a> • USDA MyPlate:<a href="https://www.myplate.gov/eat-healthy/what-is-myplate"> https://www.myplate.gov/eat-healthy/what-is-myplate</a> Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.

WINKEL: September is National Fruits and Vegetables Month

One of my favorite youth development authors is Dr. Tim Elmore. I have several of his Habitudes book series, follow him on social media, and regularly listen to his podcast titled “Leading the Next Generation.”

Earlier this week, he utilized a quote from Arianna Huffington that I really appreciate as a youth development professional. Huffington stated, “We need to accept that we don’t always make the right decisions, that we’ll screw up royally sometimes – understanding that failure is not the opposite of success, it’s part of success.”

None of us like to fail and yet, it is a part of growth and development. 

Does an athlete succeed immediately? While they may have a great deal of natural talent and ability, they still need practice to hone their skills. Missing the mark is motivation to get closer and closer each time which is actually a small dose of failure.

Do great speakers capture everyone’s attention every time and from the first moment? Again, they may have a presence and sense of humor that cause others to stop and listen but if they can’t effectively get a point across, they will lose their audience. Good speakers practice and learn techniques to help them be better with each engagement and will evaluate the less than stellar moments which are small failures.

No human is going to cruise through life without some failures; some moments where – if they are self-aware – they would like to disappear. It happens to all of us! We say something in a moment of frustration or anger that we’d like to take back. We are just sure of a fact only to find out that we were mis-informed.

The learning takes place when we can evaluate a lesson, make amends, and move forward without dwelling on the error. 

One of my favorite things to ask 4-H youth about when I am judging their project is what was the hardest part of their exhibit or what did they struggle with the most. It is usually where the most learning happened!

So, while none of us want to experience failure for ourselves or our kids, if we can keep the perspective that it is a part of growth and a necessary part of success, we’ll be a little stronger for the experience.

Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District.

For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District Barton Office at 620-793-1910.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668177519229.png" alt="Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. Courtesy photo" />
 <figcaption>Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. Courtesy photo</figcaption>
 </figure>One of my favorite youth development authors is Dr. Tim Elmore. I have several of his Habitudes book series, follow him on social media, and regularly listen to his podcast titled “Leading the Next Generation.”Earlier this week, he utilized a quote from Arianna Huffington that I really appreciate as a youth development professional. Huffington stated, “We need to accept that we don’t always make the right decisions, that we’ll screw up royally sometimes – understanding that failure is not the opposite of success, it’s part of success.”None of us like to fail and yet, it is a part of growth and development. Does an athlete succeed immediately? While they may have a great deal of natural talent and ability, they still need practice to hone their skills. Missing the mark is motivation to get closer and closer each time which is actually a small dose of failure.Do great speakers capture everyone’s attention every time and from the first moment? Again, they may have a presence and sense of humor that cause others to stop and listen but if they can’t effectively get a point across, they will lose their audience. Good speakers practice and learn techniques to help them be better with each engagement and will evaluate the less than stellar moments which are small failures.No human is going to cruise through life without some failures; some moments where – if they are self-aware – they would like to disappear. It happens to all of us! We say something in a moment of frustration or anger that we’d like to take back. We are just sure of a fact only to find out that we were mis-informed.The learning takes place when we can evaluate a lesson, make amends, and move forward without dwelling on the error. One of my favorite things to ask 4-H youth about when I am judging their project is what was the hardest part of their exhibit or what did they struggle with the most. It is usually where the most learning happened!So, while none of us want to experience failure for ourselves or our kids, if we can keep the perspective that it is a part of growth and a necessary part of success, we’ll be a little stronger for the experience.Keep learning! Keep showing grace and kindness!Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District Barton Office at 620-793-1910.

BERAN: Failure 

KOERNER: Family Pizza Day

According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), dementia is not a specific disease but is rather a general term for the impaired ability to remember, think, or make decisions that interferes with doing every day activities.

 Alzheimer’s disease is the most common type of dementia. 

Though dementia mostly affects older adults, it is not a part of normal aging. 

Alzheimer’s disease is an irreversible, progressive brain disease that slowly destroys memory and thinking skills.

 Eventually, the disease will prevent one from carrying out the simplest of daily tasks.

 While Alzheimer’s disease cannot be prevented, slowed, or cured, there are things you can do to live an overall brain-healthy lifestyle. 

Adopt these practices early and continue them throughout your life to help reduce your risk of cognitive decline as you age.

The Alzheimer’s Association offers 10 ways to love your brain and reduce the risk of dementia:

1. Break a sweat. Get at least 150 minutes of exercise per week.

2. Hit the books. Take a class online or in your community.

3. Butt out. Quit smoking now, as this increases your risk for many health conditions including cognitive decline.

4. Follow your heart. Risk factors for heart disease also increase your risk for cognitive decline. A heart-healthy lifestyle is also good for your brain.

5. Heads up! Wear a helmet, use your seatbelt, and prevent falls. Protecting your head can help reduce your risk of cognitive decline.

6. Fuel up right with a healthy and balanced diet.

7. Catch some Zzz’s. A lack of sleep contributes to memory loss and thinking ability. Try to get 9 hours per night.

8. Take care of your mental health. Depression could be linked to an increased risk of cognitive decline.

9. Buddy up. Strong social connections throughout life may support better brain health. Enjoy time with friends, volunteer, engage in hobbies, and be part of your community.

10. Stump yourself. Challenge your brain with card games, puzzles, learning a new skill — these have brain-boosting benefits.

Here is a bonus #11. Treat hearing loss early and wear your hearing aids! Research has found a correlation between the severity of someone's hearing loss and their risk of developing dementia. 

Among individuals with hearing loss that was rated as moderate to severe, the incidence of dementia was 61% higher than in those with good hearing. Dr. Frank Lin of Johns Hopkins conducted studies around hearing loss. 

“Brain scans show us that hearing loss may contribute to a faster rate of atrophy in the brain,” Lin says. “Hearing loss also contributes to social isolation. You may not want to be with people as much, and when you are you may not engage in conversation as much. These factors may contribute to dementia.”

Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/7/1658934620122.png" alt="Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension, Cottonwood District. Courtesy photo " />
 <figcaption>Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension, Cottonwood District. Courtesy photo </figcaption>
 </figure>According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), dementia is not a specific disease but is rather a general term for the impaired ability to remember, think, or make decisions that interferes with doing every day activities. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common type of dementia. Though dementia mostly affects older adults, it is not a part of normal aging. Alzheimer’s disease is an irreversible, progressive brain disease that slowly destroys memory and thinking skills. Eventually, the disease will prevent one from carrying out the simplest of daily tasks. While Alzheimer’s disease cannot be prevented, slowed, or cured, there are things you can do to live an overall brain-healthy lifestyle. Adopt these practices early and continue them throughout your life to help reduce your risk of cognitive decline as you age.<h2>The Alzheimer’s Association offers 10 ways to love your brain and reduce the risk of dementia:</h2>1. Break a sweat. Get at least 150 minutes of exercise per week.2. Hit the books. Take a class online or in your community.3. Butt out. Quit smoking now, as this increases your risk for many health conditions including cognitive decline.4. Follow your heart. Risk factors for heart disease also increase your risk for cognitive decline. A heart-healthy lifestyle is also good for your brain.5. Heads up! Wear a helmet, use your seatbelt, and prevent falls. Protecting your head can help reduce your risk of cognitive decline.6. Fuel up right with a healthy and balanced diet.7. Catch some Zzz’s. A lack of sleep contributes to memory loss and thinking ability. Try to get 9 hours per night.8. Take care of your mental health. Depression could be linked to an increased risk of cognitive decline.9. Buddy up. Strong social connections throughout life may support better brain health. Enjoy time with friends, volunteer, engage in hobbies, and be part of your community.10. Stump yourself. Challenge your brain with card games, puzzles, learning a new skill — these have brain-boosting benefits.Here is a bonus #11. Treat hearing loss early and wear your hearing aids! Research has found a correlation between the severity of someone's hearing loss and their risk of developing dementia. Among individuals with hearing loss that was rated as moderate to severe, the incidence of dementia was 61% higher than in those with good hearing. Dr. Frank Lin of Johns Hopkins conducted studies around hearing loss. “Brain scans show us that hearing loss may contribute to a faster rate of atrophy in the brain,” Lin says. “Hearing loss also contributes to social isolation. You may not want to be with people as much, and when you are you may not engage in conversation as much. These factors may contribute to dementia.”Monique Koerner is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 785-628-9430 or moniquek@ksu.edu.

KOERNER: Dementia and brain health

Most folks generally accept that maintaining good health includes an annual visit to the doctor to check their heart, teeth, ears and more.

But Elaine Johannes, K-State Community Healthy Specialist, says there’s more to personal health than some may realize.

“The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation has done quite a bit of research over the years that affirms that a little over 50% of our overall health is related to the places that we live, learn, work, play and pray,” said Johannes, the Kansas Health Foundation’s Distinguished Professor of Community Health at Kansas State University.

Research indicates that being engaged in one’s communities is connected to living longer. We should look for opportunities to be civically engaged, and be aware of opportunities to volunteer and be involved in clubs and organizations. That’s part of civic health.

According to Johannes, civic health reflects the opportunities people have to participate in their communities, and can be summed up in three areas:

· Places – Healthy communities have places where people can get together formally or informally, such as festivals in a city park; or a library with extended hours.

· Processes – Healthy communities make it easier for citizens to have their voices heard. Some examples: Are voting processes easily understood? Do citizens know what it takes to run for public office? Can people participate in meetings in-person and online?

· People – In healthy communities, people get involved as volunteers and in other roles. People are socially engaged.

When the social capital is in place – places, processes and people – the community is fairly strong. Then, the overall health of the people in the community goes up. And there’s research that supports that.

The University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute annually publishes the County Health Rankings and Roadmaps for every county in the United States. The report combines data and evidence to support community-led efforts to improve health equity and community power. The yearly report includes links to information specific to Kansas counties, rating each according to such health outcomes as length of life and quality of life; and such health factors as adult smoking, obesity, physical activity and more.

The 2023 report includes information about the civic health of states and counties. Kansas is among 16 states that have more structural barriers to civic health.

Research shows that states with well-resourced civic infrastructure have more civic participation, which is tied to how well and how long we live.

To learn more regarding civic health tune into the weekly radio program, Sound Living, produced by K-State Research and Extension.

Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.&nbsp;

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2023/6/1687379815245.png" alt="Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension, Cottonwood District. Courtesy photo" />
 <figcaption>Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension, Cottonwood District. Courtesy photo</figcaption>
 </figure>Most folks generally accept that maintaining good health includes an annual visit to the doctor to check their heart, teeth, ears and more.But Elaine Johannes, K-State Community Healthy Specialist, says there’s more to personal health than some may realize.“The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation has done quite a bit of research over the years that affirms that a little over 50% of our overall health is related to the places that we live, learn, work, play and pray,” said Johannes, the Kansas Health Foundation’s Distinguished Professor of Community Health at Kansas State University.Research indicates that being engaged in one’s communities is connected to living longer. We should look for opportunities to be civically engaged, and be aware of opportunities to volunteer and be involved in clubs and organizations. That’s part of civic health.According to Johannes, civic health reflects the opportunities people have to participate in their communities, and can be summed up in three areas:· Places – Healthy communities have places where people can get together formally or informally, such as festivals in a city park; or a library with extended hours.· Processes – Healthy communities make it easier for citizens to have their voices heard. Some examples: Are voting processes easily understood? Do citizens know what it takes to run for public office? Can people participate in meetings in-person and online?· People – In healthy communities, people get involved as volunteers and in other roles. People are socially engaged.When the social capital is in place – places, processes and people – the community is fairly strong. Then, the overall health of the people in the community goes up. And there’s research that supports that.The University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute annually publishes the County Health Rankings and Roadmaps for every county in the United States. The report combines data and evidence to support community-led efforts to improve health equity and community power. The yearly report includes links to information specific to Kansas counties, rating each according to such health outcomes as length of life and quality of life; and such health factors as adult smoking, obesity, physical activity and more.The 2023 report includes information about the civic health of states and counties. Kansas is among 16 states that have more structural barriers to civic health.Research shows that states with well-resourced civic infrastructure have more civic participation, which is tied to how well and how long we live.To learn more regarding civic health tune into the weekly radio program, Sound Living, produced by K-State Research and Extension.Karissa Winkel is the Family and Community Wellness Agent with K-State Research and Extension – Cottonwood District. You may reach her at: 620-793-1910 or krwinkel@ksu.edu.&nbsp;

WINKEL: Community Health Boosts Personal Health

I had the opportunity last week to attend the Kansas Ag Summit presented by the Kansas Department of Agriculture. I appreciate this event each year as it provides networking opportunities as well as new perspectives about ag in Kansas.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2022/11/1668177490614.jpeg" alt="Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. Courtesy photo" />
 <figcaption>Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. Courtesy photo</figcaption>
 </figure>I had the opportunity last week to attend the Kansas Ag Summit presented by the Kansas Department of Agriculture. I appreciate this event each year as it provides networking opportunities as well as new perspectives about ag in Kansas.The focus this year was on water issues and workforce. Both are hot topics, currently, and as long-term discussions for producers, industry professionals, and educators at many levels.There are many aspects to workforce issues and I’d like to touch on one that each one of us can impact. Think about the young people in your world. Am I setting a positive example of how to shake hands, introduce myself, and look someone in the eye while meeting them? Am I setting examples of work ethic and responsibility? Am I setting examples and having positive discussions about work attire or uniforms for different roles?Looking “professional” depends entirely on your role! An attorney or accountant has a different professional look than a dental hygienist or store clerk, just as a teacher and a mechanic have different professional attire. All are representing their employer and that is an important detail to remember.The language we use can also impact someone’s perception of us and our capability. Using complicated words when not necessary can give the impression of arrogance; alternately, using obscenities can leave an impression of unprofessional behavior. Please note – I am not a language prude but am very conscientious of whom else may be around and the setting I am in!Understanding that showing up on time and ready to work is respectful of others you work with, work for, and customers. I started waiting tables when I was 13 and there are always tasks that I didn’t love then and don’t love today but it is important that they be completed for the best of everyone else. I was so impressed by several of our 4-H members who worked in the concession stand during the fair this year as their response to a task – whether washing dishes or wiping tables – was a smile and action!We all want the young people in our world to be happy, successful adults who contribute in a positive manner to society. That begins by the example from each one of us and sharing our expectations.Keep learning! Keep showing grace and kindness!Michelle Beran is the 4-H Youth Development Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. For more information on this article or other 4-H Youth Development resources, email Michelle at mberan@ksu.edu or call Cottonwood Extension District , Barton Office at 620-793-1910.