The Kansas Senate sent a powerful message to Governor Kelly regarding vaccine prioritization by adopting SR 1707, which calls upon “the Governor of Kansas to revise her Administration's current COVID-19 vaccination plan by removing prisoners from the front of the line in Phase 2 and instead prioritizing the vaccination of the elderly, the teachers and those aged 16 to 64 who have severe medical risks, seniors who live on their own and veterans.” 

Chairman of the Senate Public Health &amp; Welfare Committee carried the resolution on the Senate floor. During his remarks, he pointed out that several vulnerable populations in Phase 3 are behind prisoners in priority, who are currently in Phase 2. He noted that while eventually incarcerated populations should receive the vaccine, the current scarcity of vaccines amplified the importance of prioritizing law-abiding citizens ahead of incarcerated individuals. 

Senator Hilderbrand said “I appreciate the Senate passing this resolution, which should not be controversial. We’re simply sending a strong message to the governor that her administration should re-prioritize the phases and not put incarcerated individuals ahead of law-abiding citizens.”

Several Senators spoke in favor of the resolution, with some sharing powerful, personal testimonials about the problems with certain populations not being able to obtain the vaccine, including those who have been isolated and not able to see their families. They cited the importance of prioritizing these vulnerable Kansans at the front of the line, ahead of those in prison. “SR 1707 represents a moment for the Senate to stand together in support of those in Kansas who are at most risk during this pandemic, many for whom vaccines represent the light at the end of the tunnel and a return to normal living. This resolution sends a clear message to the administration that during this time when the availability of the vaccine is limited, law-abiding citizens should be the priority over prisoners.” 

People should be sure to contact their county health offices to schedule their appointments.

This week the Senate votes to establish a Kansas Economic Recovery Loan Deposit Program. On Monday, the Kansas Senate adopted SB 15, which would establish the Kansas Economic Recovery Loan Deposit Program, which updates the field of membership requirements of credit unions and allowing privilege tax deductions on agricultural real estate loans and single-family residence loans. 

The bill is supported by a wide coalition of stakeholders in Kansas, including bankers, the restaurant and hospitality industry, and those in agriculture, all who share a mutual interest in boosting our economy by giving low interest loans to Kansas businesses who have struggled during the pandemic. As NFIB testified, “The proposed program in SB15 will provide small businesses with the critical low-interest capital that they need in these trying times.” The Kansas Bankers Association testified that the bill “will provide low-cost credit to ag producers and rural housing and create an economic recovery linked deposit loan program for small businesses, including farmers and ranchers, financially affected by the pandemic.”

It is an honor and pleasure to serve the 40th Senate District of Kansas. Please do not hesitate to contact me by e-mail at rick.billinger@senate.ks.gov. You may also call me with your questions or concerns. My office number is 785 296-7399, or my cell number is 785 899-4700.

Rick Billinger, R-Goodland, is state senator of the Kansas 40th Dist.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2021/1/1610490291573.jpeg" alt="Sen. Rick Billinger, R-Goodland, 40th Dist." />
 <figcaption>Sen. Rick Billinger, R-Goodland, 40th Dist.</figcaption>
 </figure>The Kansas Senate sent a powerful message to Governor Kelly regarding vaccine prioritization by adopting SR 1707, which calls upon “the Governor of Kansas to revise her Administration's current COVID-19 vaccination plan by removing prisoners from the front of the line in Phase 2 and instead prioritizing the vaccination of the elderly, the teachers and those aged 16 to 64 who have severe medical risks, seniors who live on their own and veterans.” Chairman of the Senate Public Health &amp; Welfare Committee carried the resolution on the Senate floor. During his remarks, he pointed out that several vulnerable populations in Phase 3 are behind prisoners in priority, who are currently in Phase 2. He noted that while eventually incarcerated populations should receive the vaccine, the current scarcity of vaccines amplified the importance of prioritizing law-abiding citizens ahead of incarcerated individuals. Senator Hilderbrand said “I appreciate the Senate passing this resolution, which should not be controversial. We’re simply sending a strong message to the governor that her administration should re-prioritize the phases and not put incarcerated individuals ahead of law-abiding citizens.” Several Senators spoke in favor of the resolution, with some sharing powerful, personal testimonials about the problems with certain populations not being able to obtain the vaccine, including those who have been isolated and not able to see their families. They cited the importance of prioritizing these vulnerable Kansans at the front of the line, ahead of those in prison. “SR 1707 represents a moment for the Senate to stand together in support of those in Kansas who are at most risk during this pandemic, many for whom vaccines represent the light at the end of the tunnel and a return to normal living. This resolution sends a clear message to the administration that during this time when the availability of the vaccine is limited, law-abiding citizens should be the priority over prisoners.” People should be sure to contact their county health offices to schedule their appointments.This week the Senate votes to establish a Kansas Economic Recovery Loan Deposit Program. On Monday, the Kansas Senate adopted SB 15, which would establish the Kansas Economic Recovery Loan Deposit Program, which updates the field of membership requirements of credit unions and allowing privilege tax deductions on agricultural real estate loans and single-family residence loans. The bill is supported by a wide coalition of stakeholders in Kansas, including bankers, the restaurant and hospitality industry, and those in agriculture, all who share a mutual interest in boosting our economy by giving low interest loans to Kansas businesses who have struggled during the pandemic. As NFIB testified, “The proposed program in SB15 will provide small businesses with the critical low-interest capital that they need in these trying times.” The Kansas Bankers Association testified that the bill “will provide low-cost credit to ag producers and rural housing and create an economic recovery linked deposit loan program for small businesses, including farmers and ranchers, financially affected by the pandemic.”It is an honor and pleasure to serve the 40th Senate District of Kansas. Please do not hesitate to contact me by e-mail at rick.billinger@senate.ks.gov. You may also call me with your questions or concerns. My office number is 785 296-7399, or my cell number is 785 899-4700.Rick Billinger, R-Goodland, is state senator of the Kansas 40th Dist.

BILLINGER: Senate Update, Feb. 8

By RON WILSON Huck Boyd National Institute for Rural Development

Can first impressions lead to changes in communities? Yes, based on the experience of one rural community that used the First Impressions program as a springboard for strategic actions to make community improvements.&nbsp;

Gary Olson is an entrepreneur, farmer, and real estate broker in Gypsum, Kansas. He grew up on a nearby farm and now produces seed wheat and has a real estate company. He’s also seen the struggles of rural communities. “Our town had about died,” Gary said.&nbsp;

In January 2019, he bought a building in downtown Gypsum and revitalized the flea market which had been operating there as a place for vendors to sell various products. Some are original custom products, such as from a nearby welding shop. Others are used or repurposed products that can be purchased affordably. People can sell items on consignment or donate them. “Our customers say they find hidden treasures here,” Gary said.&nbsp;

Resa Risinger is now the flea market manager. She noted that the market offered special promotions during the holidays such as a drawing for a free turkey and three hams.&nbsp;

“(The market) has grown exponentially,” Gary said. Promoting it on social media and allowing credit- and debit-card purchases has made a big difference. “Sales went through the roof,” Gary said. “Our guest book says that we’ve had visitors from as far away as California and Michigan and Sydney, Australia.”&nbsp;

Through another Gypsum resident, Leslie Manning, Gary learned about the First Impressions community-betterment program. First Impressions is offered to communities at no cost by K-State Research and Extension.&nbsp;

The purpose of the program is to build awareness of a community’s strengths as well as areas of concern, using feedback from outside the community. Once a community chooses to participate, a team of trained volunteers from a similar town will visit the community and record its impressions of various community elements, such as:&nbsp;

The results are presented at a community meeting.&nbsp;

Gary Olson and Leslie Manning were among those who went to a presentation to learn about the First Impressions program. They helped encourage the city of Gypsum to participate in the program. “A team from Glasco came down and gave us feedback,” Gary said.&nbsp;

Such outside perspectives can be useful in seeing one’s community through the eyes of a first-time visitor. In the case of Gypsum, this led to community action. “The next logical step was a program called Strategic Doing,” Gary said. “The extension office helped us organize a brainstorming meeting.” Facilitator Betty Johnson helped the community organize task forces to work on top priority issues, such as youth development, parks and recreation, and senior housing.&nbsp;

One prominent project was a new “Welcome to Gypsum” sign. “That sign was in the works for several years. Sandy Kruse worked on it,” Gary said.&nbsp;

New owners have purchased the restaurant, and other new businesses have opened.&nbsp;&nbsp;“We’ve opened a business center at the flea market,” Gary said. Strategic Doing has also led to the creation of the Gypsum Valley Community Foundation Fund, which has already raised more than $20,000.&nbsp;

“We’ve come a really, really long way,” Gary said. “Without those two programs (First Impressions and Strategic Doing), we wouldn’t have the community we do.”&nbsp;

It’s great to see such progress in a rural community such as Gypsum, population 405 people. Now, that’s rural.&nbsp;

For more information, search for&nbsp;<a href="https://www.facebook.com/gypsumfleamarketandthrift">@gypsumfleamarketandthrift</a>&nbsp;on Facebook.&nbsp;

Can first impressions lead to community action? In the case of Gypsum, yes. Those first impressions from outside the community helped identify key needs that led to not just community strategic planning, but strategic doing.&nbsp;

We commend Gary Olson, Resa Risinger, Leslie Manning, Sandy Kruse, and the many other volunteers who are making a difference by building business and bettering the community. They are making an excellent impression.&nbsp;

And there’s more. Remember the welding company that made and sold the custom items? That small-town shop has big capabilities. We’ll learn about that next week.&nbsp;

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2021/2/1612363648389.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By RON WILSON Huck Boyd National Institute for Rural DevelopmentCan first impressions lead to changes in communities? Yes, based on the experience of one rural community that used the First Impressions program as a springboard for strategic actions to make community improvements.&nbsp;Gary Olson is an entrepreneur, farmer, and real estate broker in Gypsum, Kansas. He grew up on a nearby farm and now produces seed wheat and has a real estate company. He’s also seen the struggles of rural communities. “Our town had about died,” Gary said.&nbsp;In January 2019, he bought a building in downtown Gypsum and revitalized the flea market which had been operating there as a place for vendors to sell various products. Some are original custom products, such as from a nearby welding shop. Others are used or repurposed products that can be purchased affordably. People can sell items on consignment or donate them. “Our customers say they find hidden treasures here,” Gary said.&nbsp;Resa Risinger is now the flea market manager. She noted that the market offered special promotions during the holidays such as a drawing for a free turkey and three hams.&nbsp;“(The market) has grown exponentially,” Gary said. Promoting it on social media and allowing credit- and debit-card purchases has made a big difference. “Sales went through the roof,” Gary said. “Our guest book says that we’ve had visitors from as far away as California and Michigan and Sydney, Australia.”&nbsp;Through another Gypsum resident, Leslie Manning, Gary learned about the First Impressions community-betterment program. First Impressions is offered to communities at no cost by K-State Research and Extension.&nbsp;The purpose of the program is to build awareness of a community’s strengths as well as areas of concern, using feedback from outside the community. Once a community chooses to participate, a team of trained volunteers from a similar town will visit the community and record its impressions of various community elements, such as:&nbsp;<ul>
 <li>Residential locations.&nbsp;</li><li>Retail businesses.&nbsp;</li><li>Industrial areas.&nbsp;</li><li>Local government entities.&nbsp;</li><li>Schools.&nbsp;</li><li>Other points of interest.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li>
 </ul>The results are presented at a community meeting.&nbsp;Gary Olson and Leslie Manning were among those who went to a presentation to learn about the First Impressions program. They helped encourage the city of Gypsum to participate in the program. “A team from Glasco came down and gave us feedback,” Gary said.&nbsp;Such outside perspectives can be useful in seeing one’s community through the eyes of a first-time visitor. In the case of Gypsum, this led to community action. “The next logical step was a program called Strategic Doing,” Gary said. “The extension office helped us organize a brainstorming meeting.” Facilitator Betty Johnson helped the community organize task forces to work on top priority issues, such as youth development, parks and recreation, and senior housing.&nbsp;One prominent project was a new “Welcome to Gypsum” sign. “That sign was in the works for several years. Sandy Kruse worked on it,” Gary said.&nbsp;New owners have purchased the restaurant, and other new businesses have opened.&nbsp;&nbsp;“We’ve opened a business center at the flea market,” Gary said. Strategic Doing has also led to the creation of the Gypsum Valley Community Foundation Fund, which has already raised more than $20,000.&nbsp;“We’ve come a really, really long way,” Gary said. “Without those two programs (First Impressions and Strategic Doing), we wouldn’t have the community we do.”&nbsp;It’s great to see such progress in a rural community such as Gypsum, population 405 people. Now, that’s rural.&nbsp;For more information, search for&nbsp;<a href="https://www.facebook.com/gypsumfleamarketandthrift">@gypsumfleamarketandthrift</a>&nbsp;on Facebook.&nbsp;Can first impressions lead to community action? In the case of Gypsum, yes. Those first impressions from outside the community helped identify key needs that led to not just community strategic planning, but strategic doing.&nbsp;We commend Gary Olson, Resa Risinger, Leslie Manning, Sandy Kruse, and the many other volunteers who are making a difference by building business and bettering the community. They are making an excellent impression.&nbsp;And there’s more. Remember the welding company that made and sold the custom items? That small-town shop has big capabilities. We’ll learn about that next week.&nbsp;

Now That’s Rural: Gary Olson, Gypsum 

A family who practices good communication skills will become a strong, resilient family. It takes practice to develop good communication skills but the benefits are immense. During times of stress and anxiety, it takes patience to be warm and respectful. If positive, respectful communication is practiced it will become a habit.

Family communication is very important and it will determine how well-adjusted and satisfying family life is. “Basic Communication Skills” is an important section of K-State’s Essential Living Skills curriculum. The entire publication can be downloaded at&nbsp;<a href="https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/S134E.pdf">https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/S134E.pdf</a>&nbsp;There are communication activities so family members can practice sharing their thoughts. In today’s world it is important that there is family discussion about what is happening and how it affects family members.&nbsp;

In addition to teaching children to share how they are feeling, it is also important to teach them to listen. Sometimes as we listen to what a person is saying, we start to think ahead to how we plan to respond. As parents it is so important to take the time to truly listen to what your children have to say. Children need to know that they have someone to trust and someone to listen to them. Ask questions to clarify and let the child know that that you understand. Effective listening does not mean that we agree with what is being said but it is important to be respectful.

Think about the way that you speak to your children. The way we talk can either build up or tear down their self-worth. When others treat us kindly and respectfully, we feel valued and our self-esteem grows. When we treat others negatively, we feel worthless and our self-concept suffers.

&nbsp;The Basic Communication Skills publication outlines how to use “I-messages” instead of “you-messages”. “You-messages” tend to sound blaming and the response might be anger and communication will shut down. An “I-message” has three parts: “When… (state the unacceptable behavior), I feel … (express feeling or behavior) because (describe the effect of the behavior).”&nbsp; An example would be “When I have to make supper without any help, I feel frustrated because I don’t have any extra time to spend with the kids.”

If all family members work on their communication skills, you will be amazed at the positive changes you will see in the family relationships.&nbsp;

Berny Unruh is the Family and Community Wellness Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District.&nbsp;&nbsp;She can be reached at 785-628-9430 or at&nbsp;<a href="mailto:bunruh@ksu.edu">bunruh@ksu.edu</a>

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/4/1588274071306.jpeg" alt="Berny Unruh is Family and Community Wellness agent for the Cottonwood Extension District." />
 <figcaption>Berny Unruh is Family and Community Wellness agent for the Cottonwood Extension District.</figcaption>
 </figure>A family who practices good communication skills will become a strong, resilient family. It takes practice to develop good communication skills but the benefits are immense. During times of stress and anxiety, it takes patience to be warm and respectful. If positive, respectful communication is practiced it will become a habit.Family communication is very important and it will determine how well-adjusted and satisfying family life is. “Basic Communication Skills” is an important section of K-State’s Essential Living Skills curriculum. The entire publication can be downloaded at&nbsp;<a href="https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/S134E.pdf">https://bookstore.ksre.ksu.edu/pubs/S134E.pdf</a>&nbsp;There are communication activities so family members can practice sharing their thoughts. In today’s world it is important that there is family discussion about what is happening and how it affects family members.&nbsp;In addition to teaching children to share how they are feeling, it is also important to teach them to listen. Sometimes as we listen to what a person is saying, we start to think ahead to how we plan to respond. As parents it is so important to take the time to truly listen to what your children have to say. Children need to know that they have someone to trust and someone to listen to them. Ask questions to clarify and let the child know that that you understand. Effective listening does not mean that we agree with what is being said but it is important to be respectful.Think about the way that you speak to your children. The way we talk can either build up or tear down their self-worth. When others treat us kindly and respectfully, we feel valued and our self-esteem grows. When we treat others negatively, we feel worthless and our self-concept suffers.&nbsp;The Basic Communication Skills publication outlines how to use “I-messages” instead of “you-messages”. “You-messages” tend to sound blaming and the response might be anger and communication will shut down. An “I-message” has three parts: “When… (state the unacceptable behavior), I feel … (express feeling or behavior) because (describe the effect of the behavior).”&nbsp; An example would be “When I have to make supper without any help, I feel frustrated because I don’t have any extra time to spend with the kids.”If all family members work on their communication skills, you will be amazed at the positive changes you will see in the family relationships.&nbsp;Berny Unruh is the Family and Community Wellness Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District.&nbsp;&nbsp;She can be reached at 785-628-9430 or at&nbsp;<a href="mailto:bunruh@ksu.edu">bunruh@ksu.edu</a>

UNRUH: Be a good communicator

By TONY MAURO Special correspondent for the Freedom Forum

Former President Donald Trump’s fiery Jan. 6 speech,
 made just before the U.S. Capitol riot began, led to his impeachment by
 the House of Representatives on a charge of “incitement of 
insurrection.”

But as the Senate prepares for Trump’s trial to resume Feb. 9, Harvard law professor <a href="https://www.newsweek.com/impeachment-over-protected-speech-would-harm-constitution-opinion-1560512?amp=1" target="_blank">Alan Dershowitz</a>
 and other scholars have pointed to a 1969 Supreme Court decision that, 
in their view, gives First Amendment protection to speakers who urge 
listeners to use force in certain circumstances. The decision strictly 
defines the legal concept of “incitement.” It is&nbsp;certain to be invoked 
as a reason Trump could avoid conviction, assuming the trial touches on 
the riot, rather than other issues.

The case, titled <a href="https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/395/444/" target="_blank">Brandenburg v. Ohio</a>, struck down a law that was used to prosecute Clarence Brandenburg,
 a Ku Klux Klan leader. Speaking at a rally in rural Ohio in 1964, 
Brandenburg said “revengeance” [sic] was needed against government 
institutions for suppressing the Caucasian race. Interestingly, he said 
that the “revengeance” would be wrought by “marching on Congress July 
the Fourth, four hundred thousand strong.”

The high court ruled that state laws making it a crime merely to 
advocate the use of violence violate the First Amendment. Only when the 
advocacy is aimed at inciting “imminent lawless action,” and is likely 
to succeed, may government prohibit it, the court stated unanimously.

Scholars who disagree that the Brandenburg ruling protects Trump 
argue he unequivocally incited imminent lawless action through comments 
he made shortly before the rally including, “You’ll never take back our 
country with weakness. You have to show strength and you have to be 
strong,” and “If you don’t fight like hell, you’re not going to have a 
country anymore.” Harvard Law School’s Einer Elhauge asserted in a <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2021/01/14/trump-brandenburg-impeachment-first-amendment/">Washington Post column</a>, “Trump’s conduct clearly meets the legal standard that Brandenburg set.”

As the sides invoke the ruling to support their positions in the coming days, here is a primer on Brandenburg v. Ohio.

IMPACT: The Brandenburg decision is seen as one of 
the most expansive interpretations of the First Amendment ever announced
 by the Supreme Court. The late New York Times columnist Anthony Lewis
 wrote that Brandenburg “gave the greatest protection to what could be 
called subversive speech that it has ever had in the United States, and 
almost certainly greater than such speech has in any other country.”

BACKGROUND: Following the assassination of President William McKinley
 in 1901 by an anarchist and the start of the communist movement in 
1917, states began passing anti-sedition laws and so-called “criminal 
syndicalism” statutes. These laws, passed in 33 states, prohibited 
teaching or advocating the use of violence or crime to bring about 
political or economic change. The motivation behind the syndicalism laws
 in most cases was to discourage the spread of socialist or communist 
anti-capitalist views.

The Brandenburg case concerned not a communist, but a Klan leader. 
With the cameras of a local TV crew rolling, the red-hooded Clarence 
Brandenburg spoke to a Klan rally held at a farm in Hamilton County, 
Ohio, and made a threat laced with racist slurs: “We’re not a revengent 
organization, but if our president, our Congress, our Supreme Court, 
continues to suppress the white, Caucasian race, it’s possible that 
there might have to be some revengeance.” His pledge to march “on 
Congress July the Fourth” could not fit the definition of “imminent 
lawless action.”

Based on his speech, Brandenburg was convicted for violating the 
state’s criminal syndicalism law, fined $1,000 and sentenced to one to 
10 years in prison. He appealed, challenging the law as a violation of 
his free speech rights. The Supreme Court of Ohio dismissed the appeal, 
setting the stage for U.S. Supreme Court review.

VOTE: Brandenburg won. The eight sitting justices at the time were Chief Justice Earl Warren and Justices Hugo Black, William O. Douglas, John M. Harlan, William J. Brennan Jr., Potter Stewart, Byron White and Thurgood Marshall. The ruling was issued unsigned, rather than under the name of a specific justice. There were no dissents.

Tony Mauro is contributing U.S. Supreme Court correspondent for 
the National Law Journal and ALM Media and a special correspondent for 
the Freedom Forum. This article includes excerpts from Mauro’s 2006 
book, “Illustrated Great Decisions of the Supreme Court, Second 
Edition.”

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/12/1575569932510.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By TONY MAURO Special correspondent for the Freedom Forum Former President Donald Trump’s fiery Jan. 6 speech,
 made just before the U.S. Capitol riot began, led to his impeachment by
 the House of Representatives on a charge of “incitement of 
insurrection.”But as the Senate prepares for Trump’s trial to resume Feb. 9, Harvard law professor <a href="https://www.newsweek.com/impeachment-over-protected-speech-would-harm-constitution-opinion-1560512?amp=1" target="_blank">Alan Dershowitz</a>
 and other scholars have pointed to a 1969 Supreme Court decision that, 
in their view, gives First Amendment protection to speakers who urge 
listeners to use force in certain circumstances. The decision strictly 
defines the legal concept of “incitement.” It is&nbsp;certain to be invoked 
as a reason Trump could avoid conviction, assuming the trial touches on 
the riot, rather than other issues.The case, titled <a href="https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/395/444/" target="_blank">Brandenburg v. Ohio</a>, struck down a law that was used to prosecute Clarence Brandenburg,
 a Ku Klux Klan leader. Speaking at a rally in rural Ohio in 1964, 
Brandenburg said “revengeance” [sic] was needed against government 
institutions for suppressing the Caucasian race. Interestingly, he said 
that the “revengeance” would be wrought by “marching on Congress July 
the Fourth, four hundred thousand strong.”The high court ruled that state laws making it a crime merely to 
advocate the use of violence violate the First Amendment. Only when the 
advocacy is aimed at inciting “imminent lawless action,” and is likely 
to succeed, may government prohibit it, the court stated unanimously.Scholars who disagree that the Brandenburg ruling protects Trump 
argue he unequivocally incited imminent lawless action through comments 
he made shortly before the rally including, “You’ll never take back our 
country with weakness. You have to show strength and you have to be 
strong,” and “If you don’t fight like hell, you’re not going to have a 
country anymore.” Harvard Law School’s Einer Elhauge asserted in a <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2021/01/14/trump-brandenburg-impeachment-first-amendment/">Washington Post column</a>, “Trump’s conduct clearly meets the legal standard that Brandenburg set.”As the sides invoke the ruling to support their positions in the coming days, here is a primer on Brandenburg v. Ohio.DATE: Decided June 9, 1969IMPACT: The Brandenburg decision is seen as one of 
the most expansive interpretations of the First Amendment ever announced
 by the Supreme Court. The late New York Times columnist Anthony Lewis
 wrote that Brandenburg “gave the greatest protection to what could be 
called subversive speech that it has ever had in the United States, and 
almost certainly greater than such speech has in any other country.”BACKGROUND: Following the assassination of President William McKinley
 in 1901 by an anarchist and the start of the communist movement in 
1917, states began passing anti-sedition laws and so-called “criminal 
syndicalism” statutes. These laws, passed in 33 states, prohibited 
teaching or advocating the use of violence or crime to bring about 
political or economic change. The motivation behind the syndicalism laws
 in most cases was to discourage the spread of socialist or communist 
anti-capitalist views.The Brandenburg case concerned not a communist, but a Klan leader. 
With the cameras of a local TV crew rolling, the red-hooded Clarence 
Brandenburg spoke to a Klan rally held at a farm in Hamilton County, 
Ohio, and made a threat laced with racist slurs: “We’re not a revengent 
organization, but if our president, our Congress, our Supreme Court, 
continues to suppress the white, Caucasian race, it’s possible that 
there might have to be some revengeance.” His pledge to march “on 
Congress July the Fourth” could not fit the definition of “imminent 
lawless action.”Based on his speech, Brandenburg was convicted for violating the 
state’s criminal syndicalism law, fined $1,000 and sentenced to one to 
10 years in prison. He appealed, challenging the law as a violation of 
his free speech rights. The Supreme Court of Ohio dismissed the appeal, 
setting the stage for U.S. Supreme Court review.VOTE: Brandenburg won. The eight sitting justices at the time were Chief Justice Earl Warren and Justices Hugo Black, William O. Douglas, John M. Harlan, William J. Brennan Jr., Potter Stewart, Byron White and Thurgood Marshall. The ruling was issued unsigned, rather than under the name of a specific justice. There were no dissents.Tony Mauro is contributing U.S. Supreme Court correspondent for 
the National Law Journal and ALM Media and a special correspondent for 
the Freedom Forum. This article includes excerpts from Mauro’s 2006 
book, “Illustrated Great Decisions of the Supreme Court, Second 
Edition.”

FIRST FIVE: A First Amendment case that may be key to Trump trial

Diving Into Department of Labor Fraud

This week, it surfaced that the state’s unemployment program has paid out an estimated $300 to $400 million in fraudulent claims. In fact, despite being a smaller population state, Kansas now ranks second in the nation for new unemployment claims, only behind Illinois. Experts believe the spike in claims in Kansas is due to the fraudulent activity. As these fraudulent claims soared, Kansas families, some of whom applied for benefits months ago, have still been unable to receive their benefits.

Previously, the state’s unemployment trust fund had nearly $1 billion in reserves. The department’s payout of fraudulent claims has more quickly spent down the trust fund. When the trust fund

reserves are low, Kansas business owners are on the hook to refill it, meaning businesses are expected to see their premiums skyrocket to cover the fraudulent claims.

Last week there was a bill introduced to protect the employers that support the Unemployment Trust Fund, House Bill 2195. The Commerce and Economic Development Committee held a hearing regarding the fraud cases with the Department of Labor on Wednesday, February 3.

The Appropriations Committee held a hearing on House Bill 2195 on Thursday, February 4. During the committee hearing we heard from the Kansas Chamber of Commerce, employers from across the state, municipalities, and school districts that would be held harmless for the fraud issues and would not be expected to pay the increased premiums. The fiscal impact of House Bill 2195 is $300-400 million.

Medicaid Expansion Funded by Medical Marijuana

On Monday, February 1, Governor Kelly announced legislation for her latest attempt for Medicaid Expansion and having Kansas’ cost offset with the legalization of medicinal marijuana. Under the proposed legislation, Medicaid would be expanded to the full 138% of the Federal poverty line at the 90% to 10% match from the Federal Government. Individuals will be required to pay a premium not to exceed $25 per person or $100 per family, with a provision to grant exceptions based on hardship.

The bill grants the Kansas Department of Health and Environment the authority for overseeing patients and their use of medical marijuana, Kansas Department of Revenue for licensure and fee collections, and the Board of Healing Arts for certifying prescribing physicians. Kansas’ 10% portion for the cost of Medicaid Expansion has been estimated at $70 million a year.

On Wednesday, February 3, the Kansas House of Representatives debated and voted on eight bills, passing seven of those bills to the Kansas State Senate and referring one bill back to the Elections Committee.

One of those bills that we debated and voted on is House Bill 2090, which changes current law regarding vacancies for an elected office due to military service. It also updates “military service” which has not been changed since 1941. This bill passed the House and I voted, “yes.”

Another bill is House Bill 2017, which increases the criminal penalties for the stalking of a minor. The definition of stalking would now include language protecting children under the age of 14. The bill also increases the penalty if convicted of stalking a minor. The bill passed the House with a vote of 125-0.

The next bill is House Bill 2079 which would transfer the responsibilities of the Charitable Organizations and Solicitations Act from the Kansas Secretary of State to the Attorney General. It also increases the fees for charitable organizations from $20 to $25 in order to register. I do not feel that it is necessary to change the authority of the act and it is not appropriate to raise the fees, even if minimal, or charitable organizations at this particular time. I voted, “no” on this bill, though it passed the House, 70-54.

Anytime that one would like to participate and listen to the developments of committee hearings or discussion on the House floor, one can tune in by listening to the audio footage at <a href="http://www.kslegislature.org/li/">www.kslegislature.org</a>.

As always, if you have any concerns, feel free to contact me (785) 296-7672, follow on twitter at @waymaster4house, or email me at troy.waymaster@house.ks.gov. Please contact me regarding any issues and legislation that we are discussing during session.

It is a distinct honor to serve as your representative for the 109th Kansas House District and the state of Kansas. Please contact me with your thoughts, concerns, and questions. I always appreciate hearing from the residents of the 109th House District and others from the state of Kansas, as well.

Troy L. Waymaster, R-Bunker Hill, is the 109th Kansas House District state representative and chairman of the Appropriations Committee.&nbsp;

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/12/1577788173848.jpeg" alt="Rep. Troy L. Waymaster, R-Bunker Hill, 109th Dist.&nbsp;" />
 <figcaption>Rep. Troy L. Waymaster, R-Bunker Hill, 109th Dist.&nbsp;</figcaption>
 </figure>February 5, 2021Diving Into Department of Labor FraudThis week, it surfaced that the state’s unemployment program has paid out an estimated $300 to $400 million in fraudulent claims. In fact, despite being a smaller population state, Kansas now ranks second in the nation for new unemployment claims, only behind Illinois. Experts believe the spike in claims in Kansas is due to the fraudulent activity. As these fraudulent claims soared, Kansas families, some of whom applied for benefits months ago, have still been unable to receive their benefits.Previously, the state’s unemployment trust fund had nearly $1 billion in reserves. The department’s payout of fraudulent claims has more quickly spent down the trust fund. When the trust fundreserves are low, Kansas business owners are on the hook to refill it, meaning businesses are expected to see their premiums skyrocket to cover the fraudulent claims.Last week there was a bill introduced to protect the employers that support the Unemployment Trust Fund, House Bill 2195. The Commerce and Economic Development Committee held a hearing regarding the fraud cases with the Department of Labor on Wednesday, February 3.The Appropriations Committee held a hearing on House Bill 2195 on Thursday, February 4. During the committee hearing we heard from the Kansas Chamber of Commerce, employers from across the state, municipalities, and school districts that would be held harmless for the fraud issues and would not be expected to pay the increased premiums. The fiscal impact of House Bill 2195 is $300-400 million.Medicaid Expansion Funded by Medical MarijuanaOn Monday, February 1, Governor Kelly announced legislation for her latest attempt for Medicaid Expansion and having Kansas’ cost offset with the legalization of medicinal marijuana. Under the proposed legislation, Medicaid would be expanded to the full 138% of the Federal poverty line at the 90% to 10% match from the Federal Government. Individuals will be required to pay a premium not to exceed $25 per person or $100 per family, with a provision to grant exceptions based on hardship.The bill grants the Kansas Department of Health and Environment the authority for overseeing patients and their use of medical marijuana, Kansas Department of Revenue for licensure and fee collections, and the Board of Healing Arts for certifying prescribing physicians. Kansas’ 10% portion for the cost of Medicaid Expansion has been estimated at $70 million a year.Bills Passed the HouseOn Wednesday, February 3, the Kansas House of Representatives debated and voted on eight bills, passing seven of those bills to the Kansas State Senate and referring one bill back to the Elections Committee.One of those bills that we debated and voted on is House Bill 2090, which changes current law regarding vacancies for an elected office due to military service. It also updates “military service” which has not been changed since 1941. This bill passed the House and I voted, “yes.”Another bill is House Bill 2017, which increases the criminal penalties for the stalking of a minor. The definition of stalking would now include language protecting children under the age of 14. The bill also increases the penalty if convicted of stalking a minor. The bill passed the House with a vote of 125-0.The next bill is House Bill 2079 which would transfer the responsibilities of the Charitable Organizations and Solicitations Act from the Kansas Secretary of State to the Attorney General. It also increases the fees for charitable organizations from $20 to $25 in order to register. I do not feel that it is necessary to change the authority of the act and it is not appropriate to raise the fees, even if minimal, or charitable organizations at this particular time. I voted, “no” on this bill, though it passed the House, 70-54.Contact InformationAnytime that one would like to participate and listen to the developments of committee hearings or discussion on the House floor, one can tune in by listening to the audio footage at <a href="http://www.kslegislature.org/li/">www.kslegislature.org</a>.As always, if you have any concerns, feel free to contact me (785) 296-7672, follow on twitter at @waymaster4house, or email me at troy.waymaster@house.ks.gov. Please contact me regarding any issues and legislation that we are discussing during session.It is a distinct honor to serve as your representative for the 109th Kansas House District and the state of Kansas. Please contact me with your thoughts, concerns, and questions. I always appreciate hearing from the residents of the 109th House District and others from the state of Kansas, as well.Troy L. Waymaster, R-Bunker Hill, is the 109th Kansas House District state representative and chairman of the Appropriations Committee.&nbsp;

WAYMASTER: From the Dome to Home Feb. 5

I arrived in Kansas in 1979, having gone to college, grad school and then taught in Minnesota, Wisconsin, Indiana and Illinois, states with a single land-grant flagship university.&nbsp; Kansas, I observed, had a much smaller population but two major universities (KU, KSU) and one (WSU) with such aspirations.&nbsp; Added to these were three regional universities, another (Washburn) receiving substantial state aid, and 19 (count ‘em) community colleges.&nbsp; All for fewer than 2.4 million Kansans.

Such immense capacity seemed crazy then, and even more so now, &nbsp;given the hefty administrative and physical plant costs for all this higher education.

Such surplus capacity and duplication of administration and facilities didn’t bother me much.&nbsp; KU generally stood strong, and my own department supported my teaching and scholarship.

Over time, state backing for higher education consistently fell, federal mandates increased, and tuition rates shot up.&nbsp; In 2009, nevertheless, 47 percent of University expenditures flowed from student tuition and fees to faculty members, the bedrock of any successful school.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Administrators and ancillary personnel rose sharply in numbers and costs, and an increasingly corporate University embarked upon a highly leveraged building spree, gambling (the operative term) on increased federal funding and many more full-pay foreign students.&nbsp; Faculty members were not meaningfully consulted.&nbsp;

By 2020, faculty compensation made up just 25 percent of student tuition and fees, and only 8.4 percent to the total KU budget.&nbsp; That’s right, 8.4 percent.

Bets were called, as income plummeted and costs soared.&nbsp; All Kansas institutions were vulnerable, and KU especially so, given the long-term declining pool of domestic students and then its abrupt loss of foreign students.

The superstructure of Kansas higher education may well tumble, and it will likely be brutal. The implications are legion. Here are just two.

First, I know many young associate professors who recently earned tenure. They are all talented scholars and dedicated teachers. Over the past few years their pay has barely budged, and lately they’ve absorbed temporary cuts.&nbsp; Now they legitimately fear for their jobs, given the KU administration’s cavalier adoption of a policy that will facilitate terminating tenured faculty

These young scholars represent exactly the kind of faculty members that KU should nurture for decades to come, but they, like all their faculty counterparts, rightly question the University’s commitment to their future.

Second, the Regents and KU are threatening to gut the University Press of Kansas. Over the years, UPK has established a sterling national reputation by publishing a catalog of important books. Yet collapsing finances may well destroy this highly regarded part of the Regents system, which serves all Kansas public universities but represents just a drop in the Regents’ fiscal bucket. Nationally, this possibility has generated intense negative reaction from authors and scholars, seriously damaging the state’s academic reputation.&nbsp; No one seems to care.

What’s to be done?&nbsp; Given the Legislature’s lack of support for higher education and the surplus capacity of Kansas state universities, Governor Kelly should constitute a commission, independent of the Regents, to consider downsizing, divestitures, and efficiencies that would support both faculty and valuable entities like the University Press.&nbsp;

The most opportune time to do this was ten or twenty years ago, but it must be done now – right now -- without making faculty members the first targets.

Burdett Loomis is an emeritus professor of political science at the University of Kansas.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574348610067.jpeg" alt="Burdett Loomis is an emeritus professor of political science at the University of Kansas." />
 <figcaption>Burdett Loomis is an emeritus professor of political science at the University of Kansas.</figcaption>
 </figure>I arrived in Kansas in 1979, having gone to college, grad school and then taught in Minnesota, Wisconsin, Indiana and Illinois, states with a single land-grant flagship university.&nbsp; Kansas, I observed, had a much smaller population but two major universities (KU, KSU) and one (WSU) with such aspirations.&nbsp; Added to these were three regional universities, another (Washburn) receiving substantial state aid, and 19 (count ‘em) community colleges.&nbsp; All for fewer than 2.4 million Kansans.Such immense capacity seemed crazy then, and even more so now, &nbsp;given the hefty administrative and physical plant costs for all this higher education.Such surplus capacity and duplication of administration and facilities didn’t bother me much.&nbsp; KU generally stood strong, and my own department supported my teaching and scholarship.Over time, state backing for higher education consistently fell, federal mandates increased, and tuition rates shot up.&nbsp; In 2009, nevertheless, 47 percent of University expenditures flowed from student tuition and fees to faculty members, the bedrock of any successful school.&nbsp;&nbsp;Administrators and ancillary personnel rose sharply in numbers and costs, and an increasingly corporate University embarked upon a highly leveraged building spree, gambling (the operative term) on increased federal funding and many more full-pay foreign students.&nbsp; Faculty members were not meaningfully consulted.&nbsp;By 2020, faculty compensation made up just 25 percent of student tuition and fees, and only 8.4 percent to the total KU budget.&nbsp; That’s right, 8.4 percent.Then came the pandemic.Bets were called, as income plummeted and costs soared.&nbsp; All Kansas institutions were vulnerable, and KU especially so, given the long-term declining pool of domestic students and then its abrupt loss of foreign students.Which gets us to 2021.The superstructure of Kansas higher education may well tumble, and it will likely be brutal. The implications are legion. Here are just two.First, I know many young associate professors who recently earned tenure. They are all talented scholars and dedicated teachers. Over the past few years their pay has barely budged, and lately they’ve absorbed temporary cuts.&nbsp; Now they legitimately fear for their jobs, given the KU administration’s cavalier adoption of a policy that will facilitate terminating tenured facultyThese young scholars represent exactly the kind of faculty members that KU should nurture for decades to come, but they, like all their faculty counterparts, rightly question the University’s commitment to their future.Second, the Regents and KU are threatening to gut the University Press of Kansas. Over the years, UPK has established a sterling national reputation by publishing a catalog of important books. Yet collapsing finances may well destroy this highly regarded part of the Regents system, which serves all Kansas public universities but represents just a drop in the Regents’ fiscal bucket. Nationally, this possibility has generated intense negative reaction from authors and scholars, seriously damaging the state’s academic reputation.&nbsp; No one seems to care.What’s to be done?&nbsp; Given the Legislature’s lack of support for higher education and the surplus capacity of Kansas state universities, Governor Kelly should constitute a commission, independent of the Regents, to consider downsizing, divestitures, and efficiencies that would support both faculty and valuable entities like the University Press.&nbsp;The most opportune time to do this was ten or twenty years ago, but it must be done now – right now -- without making faculty members the first targets.Burdett Loomis is an emeritus professor of political science at the University of Kansas.

INSIGHT KANSAS: Kansas higher education meets the pandemic

Everyone knows that someone stranded in the ocean should not drink the water. The salt content of that water will make a bad situation worse. &nbsp;What many people don’t realize is that this same principle can harm plants. Fertilizers are salts or are converted to salts before plant take-up. They must be salts in order for the plant roots to absorb them. &nbsp;However, salt levels can build up over time and eventually may harm plant roots leading to scorched leaves and unhealthy plants. Though this can happen under field conditions, especially in low rainfall areas, it is particularly critical with houseplants. Houseplants have a certain soil volume that doesn’t change until a plant is repotted. Salt build-up can be a crucial concern especially if the houseplants are fertilized so heavily that the plants can’t use all the nutrients and fertilizer salts build-up. &nbsp;This is especially common in winter when houseplants do not use much fertilizer due to low levels of light.​Leaching an overabundance of salts can be an important practice to ensure the health of our houseplants.

Leaching is not a complicated or difficult process. It consists of adding enough water to wash out excess salts.How much water is enough? Add the amount of water that would equal twice the volume of the pot. This, of course, would need to be done outside or in a bathtub or sink. Water must be added slowly so that it doesn’t overflow the rim of the pot. If salt has formed a crust on the surface of the soil, remove it but don’t take more than 1/4 inch of the underlying media. This may also be a good time to repot the plant. Lauren Fick is the Horticulture Extension Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. If you have questions, she can be contacted by e-mail at&nbsp;<a href="mailto:lfick@k-state.edu">lfick@k-state.edu</a>&nbsp;or by phone at 785-628-9430 or 620-793-1910.&nbsp;

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/2/1580750915301.jpeg" alt="Lauren Fick is the Horticulture Extension Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District.&nbsp;" />
 <figcaption>Lauren Fick is the Horticulture Extension Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District.&nbsp;</figcaption>
 </figure>Everyone knows that someone stranded in the ocean should not drink the water. The salt content of that water will make a bad situation worse. &nbsp;What many people don’t realize is that this same principle can harm plants. Fertilizers are salts or are converted to salts before plant take-up. They must be salts in order for the plant roots to absorb them. &nbsp;However, salt levels can build up over time and eventually may harm plant roots leading to scorched leaves and unhealthy plants. Though this can happen under field conditions, especially in low rainfall areas, it is particularly critical with houseplants. Houseplants have a certain soil volume that doesn’t change until a plant is repotted. Salt build-up can be a crucial concern especially if the houseplants are fertilized so heavily that the plants can’t use all the nutrients and fertilizer salts build-up. &nbsp;This is especially common in winter when houseplants do not use much fertilizer due to low levels of light.​Leaching an overabundance of salts can be an important practice to ensure the health of our houseplants. Leaching is not a complicated or difficult process. It consists of adding enough water to wash out excess salts.How much water is enough? Add the amount of water that would equal twice the volume of the pot. This, of course, would need to be done outside or in a bathtub or sink. Water must be added slowly so that it doesn’t overflow the rim of the pot. If salt has formed a crust on the surface of the soil, remove it but don’t take more than 1/4 inch of the underlying media. This may also be a good time to repot the plant. Lauren Fick is the Horticulture Extension Agent for the Cottonwood Extension District. If you have questions, she can be contacted by e-mail at&nbsp;<a href="mailto:lfick@k-state.edu">lfick@k-state.edu</a>&nbsp;or by phone at 785-628-9430 or 620-793-1910.&nbsp;

FICK: Leaching houseplants 

By KIM BALDWIN McPherson County farmer and rancher

I was recently asked to help judge an FFA speech contest. I happily agreed to help as I thoroughly enjoy listening to young adults present their research and memorized written work before a panel of strangers. Besides, setting aside a few hours to judge is the least I can do to help support a valuable organization that helped shape me.

This year’s contest was void of a building full of chattering high schoolers from around Kansas nervously working through their manuscripts one last time before presenting to a room of judges. There was no electric feeling in the air from teens anxiously pacing hallways prior to their events. There was no tabulation room where FFA advisors would catch up with one another over warm cups of coffee and cold donuts. There was no pizza for students and adult volunteers to devour. This year’s event was virtual.

Some of my best FFA memories were when I’d get up hours before the sun, drive into town, get on a yellow bus with my fellow FFA members and travel to contests and events. Those were always the mornings I didn’t want to hit the snooze button.

On the bus, I’d practice for my contest followed by a jam out session to the likes of AC/DC thanks to someone bringing their boombox. We would all look forward to seeing our friends from across the state and being able to hangout and socialize after completing our contests while waiting for judges to tabulate scorecards. We’d play cards, eat junk food, listen to music and sometimes harass our tired ag teachers. Competing was fun. Building my skills was fun. But the social aspect was something I genuinely looked forward to as well.

I checked into the Zoom meeting room from the comfort of my kitchen. One by one, students from across the central part of Kansas would be admitted into our virtual room at their assigned time to give their prepared speech on a topic of their choice — aiming to be within six and eight minutes — before completing a five-minute question and answer session with the judges.

I’m not sure if the absence of live, in-person stone faced judges staring at you eased the anxiety of this year’s batch of prepared public speakers. I do know there was a new set of unofficial criteria each student had to mentally check aside from making sure their tie was on straight and their jacket was zipped properly before walking into a room and giving their speech at their assigned time.

Students had to be cognizant of their Wi-Fi connections, their audio levels, their lighting, the angle of their computer screens, their backgrounds and any background noises that could potentially derail a speaker. Hands down, there were a lot more that students had to prepare for this year.

While some students presented their speeches in classrooms, others presented from a room in their homes. Regardless, every one of the speakers showed up on time in their official dress to present work they had spent weeks, if not months, preparing.

While it would have been easy to take a pass on this year’s speech event because the traditional environment was nonexistent, and because students didn’t get out of school for the day, and because there was no bus ride where students could bond, and there was no opportunity to mingle with students from other schools while waiting for scores to post. I have to say that agriculture students from across central Kansas still put in the work and performed to the best of their abilities this year even though the extra perks of traveling to a contest and seeing their friends didn't happen.

The caliber of work presented and the number of students competing was not lost. 

While COVID-19 sure has led to the creation of different experiences I don’t think any of us could have imagined a year ago; I admire the students (and their teachers) still pushing forward for continued self-improvement and excellence, even in the time of a pandemic.

"Insight" is a weekly column published by Kansas Farm Bureau, the state's largest farm organization whose mission is to strengthen agriculture and the lives of Kansans through advocacy, education and service.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573617414005.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By KIM BALDWIN McPherson County farmer and rancher I was recently asked to help judge an FFA speech contest. I happily agreed to help as I thoroughly enjoy listening to young adults present their research and memorized written work before a panel of strangers. Besides, setting aside a few hours to judge is the least I can do to help support a valuable organization that helped shape me.This year’s contest was void of a building full of chattering high schoolers from around Kansas nervously working through their manuscripts one last time before presenting to a room of judges. There was no electric feeling in the air from teens anxiously pacing hallways prior to their events. There was no tabulation room where FFA advisors would catch up with one another over warm cups of coffee and cold donuts. There was no pizza for students and adult volunteers to devour. This year’s event was virtual.Some of my best FFA memories were when I’d get up hours before the sun, drive into town, get on a yellow bus with my fellow FFA members and travel to contests and events. Those were always the mornings I didn’t want to hit the snooze button.On the bus, I’d practice for my contest followed by a jam out session to the likes of AC/DC thanks to someone bringing their boombox. We would all look forward to seeing our friends from across the state and being able to hangout and socialize after completing our contests while waiting for judges to tabulate scorecards. We’d play cards, eat junk food, listen to music and sometimes harass our tired ag teachers. Competing was fun. Building my skills was fun. But the social aspect was something I genuinely looked forward to as well.I checked into the Zoom meeting room from the comfort of my kitchen. One by one, students from across the central part of Kansas would be admitted into our virtual room at their assigned time to give their prepared speech on a topic of their choice — aiming to be within six and eight minutes — before completing a five-minute question and answer session with the judges.I’m not sure if the absence of live, in-person stone faced judges staring at you eased the anxiety of this year’s batch of prepared public speakers. I do know there was a new set of unofficial criteria each student had to mentally check aside from making sure their tie was on straight and their jacket was zipped properly before walking into a room and giving their speech at their assigned time.Students had to be cognizant of their Wi-Fi connections, their audio levels, their lighting, the angle of their computer screens, their backgrounds and any background noises that could potentially derail a speaker. Hands down, there were a lot more that students had to prepare for this year.While some students presented their speeches in classrooms, others presented from a room in their homes. Regardless, every one of the speakers showed up on time in their official dress to present work they had spent weeks, if not months, preparing.While it would have been easy to take a pass on this year’s speech event because the traditional environment was nonexistent, and because students didn’t get out of school for the day, and because there was no bus ride where students could bond, and there was no opportunity to mingle with students from other schools while waiting for scores to post. I have to say that agriculture students from across central Kansas still put in the work and performed to the best of their abilities this year even though the extra perks of traveling to a contest and seeing their friends didn't happen.The caliber of work presented and the number of students competing was not lost. While COVID-19 sure has led to the creation of different experiences I don’t think any of us could have imagined a year ago; I admire the students (and their teachers) still pushing forward for continued self-improvement and excellence, even in the time of a pandemic."Insight" is a weekly column published by Kansas Farm Bureau, the state's largest farm organization whose mission is to strengthen agriculture and the lives of Kansans through advocacy, education and service.

Kansas Farm Bureau Insight: Still pushing forward

A Kansas State University beef cattle specialist is urging the state’s producers to continue monitoring their cattle’s condition, especially during periods when Mother Nature sends her winter chill.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Justin Waggoner, a beef systems specialist with K-State Research and Extension, said producers are often ready to deal with heat stress during the summer, but cold stress during the latter stages of winter can also be challenging.&nbsp;&nbsp;

“Cattle are very robust creatures; they are able to withstand a wide range of temperatures,” Waggoner said. “But January and February are often our most extreme temperatures in Kansas, and that can certainly have an impact on cattle.”&nbsp;&nbsp;

Cattle are most comfortable when they are in what is known as the thermoneutral zone, a range of temperatures where they are not experiencing cold or heat stress. &nbsp;&nbsp;

Waggoner said a cow’s condition going into a cold period will effect how the animal can withstand stress.&nbsp;&nbsp;

“If we have a cow that is in good condition, she is going to be able to withstand colder temperatures better than a cow that is exceptionally thin,” he said. “If we take a cow that is in good condition and has had adequate time to grow that winter hair coat, that animal can withstand some fairly cold temperatures. Typically, they won’t experience cold stress until the ambient temperature (the ‘real-feel’ temperature) reaches 18 degrees Fahrenheit.”&nbsp;&nbsp;

Rain, snow and wind complicate the situation, Waggoner added.&nbsp;&nbsp;

“When you wet that hair down, it reduces its ability to trap air and insulate the cow,” he said. “With a wet coat, a cow can experience cold stress even at 60 degrees F.”&nbsp;&nbsp;

Waggoner said cold stress increases the cow’s energy requirement -- not protein which is a common misconception. &nbsp;&nbsp;

“One thing we see producers do when we get a cold weather event is they roll out hay,” Waggoner said. “What I recommend is utilizing hay that is slightly better quality than the forage those cattle currently are grazing. For example, if they had been turned out on milo or corn stalks, then a moderate quality grass hay will be higher quality than those stalks they were on.”&nbsp;&nbsp;

Waggoner also suggested other high quality forages, such as alfalfa, may be used as a supplement. &nbsp;&nbsp;

“In some regions of the country, it’s not uncommon for producers to use concentrates such as corn or byproducts as supplements during the winter. Producers might add 1 to 2 pounds of corn or byproduct feedstuffs under conditions of a storm front, in combination with some of the other things I’ve mentioned.”&nbsp;&nbsp;

Daily updates on weather conditions – including an animal comfort index – is available online from the&nbsp;<a href="https://mesonet.k-state.edu/" target="_blank">Kansas Mesonet</a>. That site allows producers to find conditions specific to their location.&nbsp;&nbsp;

Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at&nbsp;<a href="mailto:aboor@ksu.edu">aboor@ksu.edu</a>&nbsp;or calling 620-793-1910&nbsp;

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141354634.png" alt="Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District." />
 <figcaption>Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District.</figcaption>
 </figure>A Kansas State University beef cattle specialist is urging the state’s producers to continue monitoring their cattle’s condition, especially during periods when Mother Nature sends her winter chill.&nbsp;&nbsp;Justin Waggoner, a beef systems specialist with K-State Research and Extension, said producers are often ready to deal with heat stress during the summer, but cold stress during the latter stages of winter can also be challenging.&nbsp;&nbsp;“Cattle are very robust creatures; they are able to withstand a wide range of temperatures,” Waggoner said. “But January and February are often our most extreme temperatures in Kansas, and that can certainly have an impact on cattle.”&nbsp;&nbsp;Cattle are most comfortable when they are in what is known as the thermoneutral zone, a range of temperatures where they are not experiencing cold or heat stress. &nbsp;&nbsp;Waggoner said a cow’s condition going into a cold period will effect how the animal can withstand stress.&nbsp;&nbsp;“If we have a cow that is in good condition, she is going to be able to withstand colder temperatures better than a cow that is exceptionally thin,” he said. “If we take a cow that is in good condition and has had adequate time to grow that winter hair coat, that animal can withstand some fairly cold temperatures. Typically, they won’t experience cold stress until the ambient temperature (the ‘real-feel’ temperature) reaches 18 degrees Fahrenheit.”&nbsp;&nbsp;Rain, snow and wind complicate the situation, Waggoner added.&nbsp;&nbsp;“When you wet that hair down, it reduces its ability to trap air and insulate the cow,” he said. “With a wet coat, a cow can experience cold stress even at 60 degrees F.”&nbsp;&nbsp;Waggoner said cold stress increases the cow’s energy requirement -- not protein which is a common misconception. &nbsp;&nbsp;“One thing we see producers do when we get a cold weather event is they roll out hay,” Waggoner said. “What I recommend is utilizing hay that is slightly better quality than the forage those cattle currently are grazing. For example, if they had been turned out on milo or corn stalks, then a moderate quality grass hay will be higher quality than those stalks they were on.”&nbsp;&nbsp;Waggoner also suggested other high quality forages, such as alfalfa, may be used as a supplement. &nbsp;&nbsp;“In some regions of the country, it’s not uncommon for producers to use concentrates such as corn or byproducts as supplements during the winter. Producers might add 1 to 2 pounds of corn or byproduct feedstuffs under conditions of a storm front, in combination with some of the other things I’ve mentioned.”&nbsp;&nbsp;Daily updates on weather conditions – including an animal comfort index – is available online from the&nbsp;<a href="https://mesonet.k-state.edu/" target="_blank">Kansas Mesonet</a>. That site allows producers to find conditions specific to their location.&nbsp;&nbsp;Alicia Boor is an Agriculture and Natural Resources agent in the Cottonwood District (which includes Barton and Ellis counties) for K-State Research and Extension. You can contact her by e-mail at&nbsp;<a href="mailto:aboor@ksu.edu">aboor@ksu.edu</a>&nbsp;or calling 620-793-1910&nbsp;

BOOR: Monitor livestock during cold spells

With snow and ice still covering the ground it’s hard to believe that vegetable gardeners are beginning to plan for another growing season. We have hosted successful farmer’s market vendor workshops in the past in the Cottonwood Extension District. This year the Kansas Department of Agriculture and K-State Research and Extension will go virtual with these workshops. Mark your calendars for February 16–19 and register for these learning opportunities designed to assist farmers’ market vendors and managers, and also for those wanting to sell food products directly to consumers.Oh, hey, a reminder, c The workshop series includes three on-line Lunch and Learn sessions, followed by a half-day virtual workshop.

“Over the past year, we’ve seen an increase in people’s enthusiasm for locally sourced food, and these workshops will address common questions and concerns for farmers and small businesses who are embracing these opportunities to reach local consumers,” said Londa Nwadike, food safety specialist with K-State Research and Extension (KSRE) and the University of Missouri. “It’s also important for farmers to understand certain legal, safety and financial parameters before choosing to sell either directly to the consumer or at a farmers’ market.” In 2020, 76 farmers’ markets were registered with KDA’s Central Registration of Farmers’ Markets.

Dates and topics for each Lunch and Learn online session are as follows:

Tuesday, February 16, 2021, noon to 1 p.m.:&nbsp;Food Safety for Value-Added Food Products

Wednesday, February 17, 2021, noon to 1 p.m.:&nbsp;Meat and Poultry Regulations

Thursday, February 18, 2021, noon to 1 p.m.:&nbsp;Taxation and Accepting EBT/SNAP

The half-day virtual workshop on&nbsp;Friday, February 19, 2021, 8:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m.&nbsp;will cover topics such as COVID-19 related changes, Double Up Food Bucks program, Senior Farmers Market Nutrition Program,&nbsp;From the Land of Kansas&nbsp;program, and resources available from KSRE. Keynote speaker Michael Kilpatrick of the Thriving Farmer podcast will also discuss marketing tips for direct-to-consumer sales.

KDA’s weights and measures program will offer free scale certification with a paid registration to an online workshop. A date for this scale certification will be announced soon at our Hays office, 601 Main.&nbsp;

Registration for the February virtual workshops is now open. The cost is $5 per participant. Register at&nbsp;<a href="http://www.fromthelandofkansas.com/FMworkshop">FromtheLandofKansas.com/FMworkshop</a>.

For more information, contact Robin Blume, KDA’s education and events coordinator, at 785-564-6756 or&nbsp;<a href="mailto:robin.blume@ks.gov">Robin.Blume@ks.gov</a>. The workshops are funded by the Kansas Center for Sustainable Agriculture and Alternative Crops, the Kansas Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program, and the Kansas Department of Agriculture.

KDA is committed to providing an environment that enhances and encourages economic growth of the agriculture industry and the Kansas economy. Kansas farmers’ markets not only provide a fresh food source, but also stimulate the local economy. The Kansas Ag Growth Strategy has identified training for small companies via workshops as a key growth outcome for the specialty crop sector. The farmers’ market/direct-to-consumer workshops will provide education through partnerships to help make Kansas farmers, ranchers and agribusinesses more successful.

Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or <a href="mailto:dkrug@ksu.edu">dkrug@ksu.edu</a>&nbsp;

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1573141404420.png" alt="Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District.&nbsp;" />
 <figcaption>Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District.&nbsp;</figcaption>
 </figure>With snow and ice still covering the ground it’s hard to believe that vegetable gardeners are beginning to plan for another growing season. We have hosted successful farmer’s market vendor workshops in the past in the Cottonwood Extension District. This year the Kansas Department of Agriculture and K-State Research and Extension will go virtual with these workshops. Mark your calendars for February 16–19 and register for these learning opportunities designed to assist farmers’ market vendors and managers, and also for those wanting to sell food products directly to consumers.Oh, hey, a reminder, c The workshop series includes three on-line Lunch and Learn sessions, followed by a half-day virtual workshop.“Over the past year, we’ve seen an increase in people’s enthusiasm for locally sourced food, and these workshops will address common questions and concerns for farmers and small businesses who are embracing these opportunities to reach local consumers,” said Londa Nwadike, food safety specialist with K-State Research and Extension (KSRE) and the University of Missouri. “It’s also important for farmers to understand certain legal, safety and financial parameters before choosing to sell either directly to the consumer or at a farmers’ market.” In 2020, 76 farmers’ markets were registered with KDA’s Central Registration of Farmers’ Markets.Dates and topics for each Lunch and Learn online session are as follows:Tuesday, February 16, 2021, noon to 1 p.m.:&nbsp;Food Safety for Value-Added Food ProductsWednesday, February 17, 2021, noon to 1 p.m.:&nbsp;Meat and Poultry RegulationsThursday, February 18, 2021, noon to 1 p.m.:&nbsp;Taxation and Accepting EBT/SNAPThe half-day virtual workshop on&nbsp;Friday, February 19, 2021, 8:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m.&nbsp;will cover topics such as COVID-19 related changes, Double Up Food Bucks program, Senior Farmers Market Nutrition Program,&nbsp;From the Land of Kansas&nbsp;program, and resources available from KSRE. Keynote speaker Michael Kilpatrick of the Thriving Farmer podcast will also discuss marketing tips for direct-to-consumer sales.KDA’s weights and measures program will offer free scale certification with a paid registration to an online workshop. A date for this scale certification will be announced soon at our Hays office, 601 Main.&nbsp;Registration for the February virtual workshops is now open. The cost is $5 per participant. Register at&nbsp;<a href="http://www.fromthelandofkansas.com/FMworkshop">FromtheLandofKansas.com/FMworkshop</a>.For more information, contact Robin Blume, KDA’s education and events coordinator, at 785-564-6756 or&nbsp;<a href="mailto:robin.blume@ks.gov">Robin.Blume@ks.gov</a>. The workshops are funded by the Kansas Center for Sustainable Agriculture and Alternative Crops, the Kansas Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program, and the Kansas Department of Agriculture.KDA is committed to providing an environment that enhances and encourages economic growth of the agriculture industry and the Kansas economy. Kansas farmers’ markets not only provide a fresh food source, but also stimulate the local economy. The Kansas Ag Growth Strategy has identified training for small companies via workshops as a key growth outcome for the specialty crop sector. The farmers’ market/direct-to-consumer workshops will provide education through partnerships to help make Kansas farmers, ranchers and agribusinesses more successful.Donna Krug is the District Director and Family &amp; Consumer Science Agent in the Cottonwood Extension District. You may reach her at: (620)793-1910 or <a href="mailto:dkrug@ksu.edu">dkrug@ksu.edu</a>&nbsp;

KRUG: Virtual workshops set to assist farmer’s market vendors

OK, so why DID the chicken cross the road? Probably because someone on the other side was feeding them illegally. Years ago, a family member vacationing in Florida told me this tale of feral chickens roaming the streets in some Florida communities. I had a hard time believing it then, but an Associated Press story in a recent Hutchinson News suggests it’s a problem once again.

The story tells about free-roaming feral chickens in Key West Florida. It says “With the population getting out of hand, city commissioners are taking action – not by hunting down the fixings for a massive tailgate party, but by going after their human enablers.” The article goes on to tell how fat the chickens are from the popcorn, french fries and bird food they are fed by tourists. One man whose street has been invaded by the chickens, said “The population has literally exploded; they’re being fed, and when you ask anybody to stop it’s like you’re asking them for their firstborn.” When I think of feral wildlife, I imagine destructive feral hogs that wreak havoc in the south, pythons devouring native species in the Everglades, or wild dogs in Australia; you know, beasts that cannot be controlled with a pellet gun and an old-fashioned chicken catcher, but not feral chickens.

This is ridiculous! Why would your solution be to fine those feeding the chickens and not just get rid of the chickens? I have a couple suggested ways of doing that. There have to be chicken farms / ranches in Florida that would love to be given free chickens, so send the city councilmen out at night to collect them from their roosts and simply relocate them.&nbsp;

The second is more of a culinary solution. I would build a fleet of those little carts like the hot dog venders use in New York City. Each would be complete with a Coleman camp stove and a big fiberglass sprayer tank for clean water (this will require cleaning all the herbicide from your tank first.)&nbsp; Your only other investments would be a large frying pan, a couple utensils, a supply of seasonings and condiments, a fifty-pound sack of cracked corn once a week and perhaps a bicycle with which to tow the rig around. Oh, and one of those old-fashioned chicken catchers you can fashion from a piece of heavy fencing wire will also serve you well.

Find a neighborhood with feral chicken problems and get your rig set up early in the morning when the chickens first begin to scratch around. Scatter a little cracked corn around your cart, then simply stand and wait with the chicken catcher behind your back. As yardbirds get within reach, lash out with the catcher and snatch them up by the leg. Spin around in place, clean and pluck them into a trash container hidden under the counter (after all, you don’t want to offend the customers,) now quickly rinse them, cut them up, bread the pieces and chunk them into your skillet full of lard already smoking over the Coleman, and viola; fried feral fowl! A cooler full of ice might also prove handy on busy days so you can catch several birds at once; otherwise simply catch them as needed.&nbsp;

Don’t be afraid to vary your offering either. For example, Kentucky Fried has Original and Extra Crispy; you can offer both Safe and Extra Risky. Use your imagination when naming your business too, as the more exotic the name, the more attention you’ll grab. Names like Freddy’s Fried Feral Fowl or Bob’s Broasted Banties will certainly suck in the patrons.&nbsp;

Folks, the words “feral” and “chicken” should not go together. Notice this has never been a problem here in the Midwest, where we like our fried chicken and have the common sense to solve problems like this logically… Continue to Explore Kansas Outdoors!

Steve Gilliland, Inman, can be contacted by email at stevenrgilliland@gmail.com.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/11/1574696211722.png" alt="Steve&nbsp;Gilliland" />
 <figcaption>Steve&nbsp;Gilliland</figcaption>
 </figure>OK, so why DID the chicken cross the road? Probably because someone on the other side was feeding them illegally. Years ago, a family member vacationing in Florida told me this tale of feral chickens roaming the streets in some Florida communities. I had a hard time believing it then, but an Associated Press story in a recent Hutchinson News suggests it’s a problem once again.The story tells about free-roaming feral chickens in Key West Florida. It says “With the population getting out of hand, city commissioners are taking action – not by hunting down the fixings for a massive tailgate party, but by going after their human enablers.” The article goes on to tell how fat the chickens are from the popcorn, french fries and bird food they are fed by tourists. One man whose street has been invaded by the chickens, said “The population has literally exploded; they’re being fed, and when you ask anybody to stop it’s like you’re asking them for their firstborn.” When I think of feral wildlife, I imagine destructive feral hogs that wreak havoc in the south, pythons devouring native species in the Everglades, or wild dogs in Australia; you know, beasts that cannot be controlled with a pellet gun and an old-fashioned chicken catcher, but not feral chickens.This is ridiculous! Why would your solution be to fine those feeding the chickens and not just get rid of the chickens? I have a couple suggested ways of doing that. There have to be chicken farms / ranches in Florida that would love to be given free chickens, so send the city councilmen out at night to collect them from their roosts and simply relocate them.&nbsp;The second is more of a culinary solution. I would build a fleet of those little carts like the hot dog venders use in New York City. Each would be complete with a Coleman camp stove and a big fiberglass sprayer tank for clean water (this will require cleaning all the herbicide from your tank first.)&nbsp; Your only other investments would be a large frying pan, a couple utensils, a supply of seasonings and condiments, a fifty-pound sack of cracked corn once a week and perhaps a bicycle with which to tow the rig around. Oh, and one of those old-fashioned chicken catchers you can fashion from a piece of heavy fencing wire will also serve you well.Find a neighborhood with feral chicken problems and get your rig set up early in the morning when the chickens first begin to scratch around. Scatter a little cracked corn around your cart, then simply stand and wait with the chicken catcher behind your back. As yardbirds get within reach, lash out with the catcher and snatch them up by the leg. Spin around in place, clean and pluck them into a trash container hidden under the counter (after all, you don’t want to offend the customers,) now quickly rinse them, cut them up, bread the pieces and chunk them into your skillet full of lard already smoking over the Coleman, and viola; fried feral fowl! A cooler full of ice might also prove handy on busy days so you can catch several birds at once; otherwise simply catch them as needed.&nbsp;Don’t be afraid to vary your offering either. For example, Kentucky Fried has Original and Extra Crispy; you can offer both Safe and Extra Risky. Use your imagination when naming your business too, as the more exotic the name, the more attention you’ll grab. Names like Freddy’s Fried Feral Fowl or Bob’s Broasted Banties will certainly suck in the patrons.&nbsp;Folks, the words “feral” and “chicken” should not go together. Notice this has never been a problem here in the Midwest, where we like our fried chicken and have the common sense to solve problems like this logically… Continue to Explore Kansas Outdoors!Steve Gilliland, Inman, can be contacted by email at stevenrgilliland@gmail.com.

Exploring Outdoors Kansas: Feral chickens ... seriously?

Dear Members of the Kansas Board of Regents,

We, the undersigned distinguished professors from Kansas Board of Regents universities, strongly urge the immediate rescinding of the KBOR’s new termination policy. We applaud Allison Garrett (Emporia State), Tisa A. Mason (Fort Hays State), Richard Myers (Kansas State), Steven A. Scott (Pittsburg State), and Richard Muma (Wichita State) for refusing to use the policy. It is harmful to our individual campuses and to the Regents system as a whole.

As Regent Shane Bangerter notes, these are indeed “extreme times.” The chronic underfunding of Kansas higher education has become suddenly acute. However, Regents universities already have a policy crafted specifically to address such extremity--declaring financial exigency allows universities to downsize in the face of financial emergency. In consultation with KBOR, each campus has already developed, via shared governance, the necessary procedures: these should be implemented if a campus determines that they are needed. Best practices for university management require transparency and proper procedure.&nbsp;

To jettison best practices with this substitute policy not only reveals a lack of respect for each campus’ system of shared governance, it threatens long-term damage to the missions of each institution. It undermines the purpose of tenure, which is to allow faculty to pursue their scholarship without fear of repercussions. Academic freedom is the foundation upon which we build discovery, robust research, scholarship and creative activities. It also fosters an environment essential to recruiting and retaining excellent faculty in the future. Finally, the new policy undermines the morale of current staff and faculty at precisely the time when each campus needs extraordinary effort and resilience from them.&nbsp;

Perry Alexander, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KU

K. Christopher Beard, Ecology &amp; Evolutionary Biology, KU

James D. Bever, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, KU

Frank Blecha, Anatomy and Physiology, K-State

George R. Bousfield, Biological Sciences, WSU

Yolanda Broyles-Gonzalez, American Ethnic Studies, K-State

M.M. Chengappa, Veterinary Medicine, K-State

C. Lewis Cocke, Emeritus, Physics, K-State

David Darwin, Civil, Environmental &amp; Architectural Engineering, KU

Jolynn A. Dowling, School of Nursing, WSU

Michael S. Engel, Ecology &amp; Evolutionary Biology, KU

Charles Epp, Public Affairs and Administration, KU

Victor S. Frost, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KU

Robert Goldstein, Department of Geology, KU

Dale Herspring, Emeritus, Political Science, K-State

Stephen Higgs, Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, K-State

Duy H. Hua, Department of Chemistry, K-State

Hartmut Jaeschke, Pharmacology, Toxicology &amp; Therapeutics, KUMC

Michael Kanost, Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, K-State

Barbara A. Kerr, Educational Psychology, KU

Kimberly Kirkpatrick, Psychological Sciences, K-State

Phillip E. Klebba, Biochemistry &amp; Molecular Biophysics, K-State

Susan Lunte, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, KU

Richard Marston, Emeritus, Geography, K-State

Subbaratnam Muthukrishnan, Emeritus, Biochemistry &amp; Molecular Biophysics, K-State

TG Nagaraja, Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, K-State

Randolph J. Nudo, Rehabilitation Medicine, KUMC

Rosemary O’Leary, School of Public Affairs and Administration, KU

Anil Pahwa, Electrical and Computer Engineering, K-State

A. Townsend Peterson, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, KU

William D. Picking, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, KU

David C. Poole, Kinesiology, Anatomy and Physiology, K-State

Harald E.L. Prins, Emeritus, Anthropology, K-State

Mabel L. Rice, Child Language Doctoral Program, KU

Dan Rockhill, Architecture &amp; Design, KU

Robert Rohrschneider, Political Science, KU

Chistophe Royon, Physics and Astronomy, KU

Christian Schoneich, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, KU

James E. Sherow, Emeritus, History, K-State

Paulette Spencer, Mechanical Engineering, KU

Sandra M. Stith, Emeritus, Applied Human Sciences, K-State

Xiuzhi Susan Sun, Grain Science and Industry, K-State

Karan S. Surana, Mechanical Engineering, KU

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2019/12/1575913663048.png" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>Dear Members of the Kansas Board of Regents,We, the undersigned distinguished professors from Kansas Board of Regents universities, strongly urge the immediate rescinding of the KBOR’s new termination policy. We applaud Allison Garrett (Emporia State), Tisa A. Mason (Fort Hays State), Richard Myers (Kansas State), Steven A. Scott (Pittsburg State), and Richard Muma (Wichita State) for refusing to use the policy. It is harmful to our individual campuses and to the Regents system as a whole.As Regent Shane Bangerter notes, these are indeed “extreme times.” The chronic underfunding of Kansas higher education has become suddenly acute. However, Regents universities already have a policy crafted specifically to address such extremity--declaring financial exigency allows universities to downsize in the face of financial emergency. In consultation with KBOR, each campus has already developed, via shared governance, the necessary procedures: these should be implemented if a campus determines that they are needed. Best practices for university management require transparency and proper procedure.&nbsp;To jettison best practices with this substitute policy not only reveals a lack of respect for each campus’ system of shared governance, it threatens long-term damage to the missions of each institution. It undermines the purpose of tenure, which is to allow faculty to pursue their scholarship without fear of repercussions. Academic freedom is the foundation upon which we build discovery, robust research, scholarship and creative activities. It also fosters an environment essential to recruiting and retaining excellent faculty in the future. Finally, the new policy undermines the morale of current staff and faculty at precisely the time when each campus needs extraordinary effort and resilience from them.&nbsp;Sincerely yours,Christer B. Aakeröy, Chemistry, K-StateChristine Aikens, Chemistry, K-StatePerry Alexander, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KUBeth Bailey, History, KUWilliam A. Barnett, Economics, KUThomas J. Barstow, Kinesiology, K-StateAlice Bean, Physics and Astronomy, KUK. Christopher Beard, Ecology &amp; Evolutionary Biology, KUItzhak Ben-Itzhak, Physics, K-StateJames D. Bever, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, KURaj Bhala, School of Law, KUMonica Biernat, Psychology, KUJohn Blair, Division of Biology, K-StateFrank Blecha, Anatomy and Physiology, K-StateGeorge R. Bousfield, Biological Sciences, WSUNyla Branscombe, Psychology, KUYolanda Broyles-Gonzalez, American Ethnic Studies, K-StateJoyce Castle, Music, KUM.M. Chengappa, Veterinary Medicine, K-StateC. Lewis Cocke, Emeritus, Physics, K-StateBernard Cornet, Economics, KUDavid Darwin, Civil, Environmental &amp; Architectural Engineering, KULynne Davis, Music, WSUElizabeth Dodd, English, K-StateWalter Dodds, Biology, K-StateJolynn A. Dowling, School of Nursing, WSUMichael S. Engel, Ecology &amp; Evolutionary Biology, KUCharles Epp, Public Affairs and Administration, KUDavid Farber, History, KUVictor S. Frost, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KURandall Fuller, English, KUKeith Gido, Biology, K-StateBikram S. Gill, Plant Pathology, K-StateRichard Godbeer, History, KURobert Goldstein, Department of Geology, KUWayne Everett Goins, Music, K-StateJohn W. Head, Law, KUAnne D. Hedeman, Art History, KUDale Herspring, Emeritus, Political Science, K-StateStephen Higgs, Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, K-StateDuy H. Hua, Department of Chemistry, K-StateAndrew C. Isenberg, History, KURyszard Jankowiak, Chemistry, K-StateHartmut Jaeschke, Pharmacology, Toxicology &amp; Therapeutics, KUMCMichael Kanost, Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, K-StateBarbara A. Kerr, Educational Psychology, KUM.B. Kirkham, Agronomy, K-StateKimberly Kirkpatrick, Psychological Sciences, K-StatePhillip E. Klebba, Biochemistry &amp; Molecular Biophysics, K-StateJohn F. Leslie, Plant Pathology, K-StateRichard E. Levy, Law, KUSusan Lunte, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, KURolfe Mandel, Anthropology, KURichard Marston, Emeritus, Geography, K-StateSubbaratnam Muthukrishnan, Emeritus, Biochemistry &amp; Molecular Biophysics, K-StateTG Nagaraja, Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, K-StateJoane Nagel, Sociology, KUPhilip Nel, English, K-StateDavid Nualart, Mathematics, KURandolph J. Nudo, Rehabilitation Medicine, KUMCBerl Oakley, Molecular Biosciences, KURosemary O’Leary, School of Public Affairs and Administration, KUDennis H. O’Rourke, Anthropology, KUAnil Pahwa, Electrical and Computer Engineering, K-StateA. Townsend Peterson, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, KUWilliam D. Picking, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, KUDavid C. Poole, Kinesiology, Anatomy and Physiology, K-StateP.V. Vara Prasad, Agronomy, K-StateHarald E.L. Prins, Emeritus, Anthropology, K-StateBharat Ratra, Physics, K-StateCharles W. Rice, Agronomy, K-StateMabel L. Rice, Child Language Doctoral Program, KUDan Rockhill, Architecture &amp; Design, KUDavid Roediger, American Studies, KURobert Rohrschneider, Political Science, KUChistophe Royon, Physics and Astronomy, KUChristian Schoneich, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, KUPaul Selden, Emeritus, Geology, KUPrakash P. Shenoy, Business, KUJames E. Sherow, Emeritus, History, K-StateTom Skrtic, Special Education, KUC. Michael Smith, Entomology, K-StateYan Soibelman, Mathematics, K-StateSteven A. Soper, Chemistry, KUChristopher Sorensen, Physics, K-StatePaulette Spencer, Mechanical Engineering, KUBrian S. Spooner, Biology, K-StateS. G. Sterrett, Philosophy, WSUSandra M. Stith, Emeritus, Applied Human Sciences, K-StateXiuzhi Susan Sun, Grain Science and Industry, K-StateKaran S. Surana, Mechanical Engineering, KUUwe Thumm, Physics, K-StateBarbara Valent, Plant Pathology, K-StateJ. Douglas Walker, Geology, KUStephen Ware, Law, KUSteven F. Warren, Speech, Language, Hearing Sciences and Disorders, KURobert Warrior, American Studies and English, KUMary A. Waters, English, WSURuth Welti, Biology, K-StateRobert E. Weems, Jr., Business History, WSUYong Zhao, Education, KUKun Yan Zhu, Entomology, K-StateDean Zollman, Emeritus, Physics, K-State

LETTER: Kan. professors critical of new termination policy

Kansas Common crude at CHS in McPherson starts the week at $42.50 per barrel. That's unchanged on the week and nearly four dollars higher than the price posted January 1. Kansas daily crude prices have stayed above $42 since January 8th, topping $43 on six of those days. The average price for the month of January was over $42 per barrel for the first time in a year. The U.S. Energy Information Administration says U.S. crude oil output in November increased by more than 10 million barrels over the month before. Kansas output reached 2.19 million barrels, or just over 73,000 barrels per day. That's also slightly higher than the month before. Intent to drill notices filed in the State of Kansas continued to decline last year. There were just 51 intents filed in December, bringing the annual total for 2020 to 560 intents, according to the Kansas Corporation Commission. That's less than half the total from the year before, which was down a third from the year before that.&nbsp; Baker Hughes reported 384 active drilling rigs this week, an increase of six oil rigs. The count in Texas was up seven, while New Mexico was down three rigs for the week. Independent Oil &amp; Gas Service reported an increase in its weekly Rig Count in Kansas. There are eight active drilling rigs in eastern Kansas, up four for the week, while the count west of Wichita was up one at eight active drilling rigs. Kansas regulators approved 36 new drilling permits last week, five of them in Western Kansas, including one in Stafford County. Independent Oil &amp; Gas Service reports 20 newly-completed wells for the week across Kansas. There were 16 east of Wichita and four in Western Kansas, including one in Stafford County. Operators have completed 55 wells across the state so far this year. The government says it's weekly tally of U.S. crude inventories dropped by nearly ten million barrels, but remained about five percent above the five-year average for this time of year. The Energy Information Administration says stockpiles dropped to just under 477 million barrels. EIA reported a decline in U.S. crude-oil imports of one million barrels per day.&nbsp; Over the past four weeks, imports averaged 13.9% less than the same four-week period last year. U.S. crude production last week was down 97,000 barrels per day, dropping below 11 million barrels per day for the first time since last November. Oil-by-rail shipments reached another one-year high last week, with 12,522 tanker cars hauling petroleum products, according to the Association of American Railroads.&nbsp; The running total for the year is down 11% from a year ago. The Biden administration's moratorium of oil and gas leasing on federal public land faced an immediate legal attack from an energy industry group said to represent 200 oil and gas companies. Western Energy Alliance filed a petition in U.S. court in Wyoming, asserting the suspension of leases is "unsupported and unnecessary," and represents an overreach by the government. The alliance asserts that the president doesn't have the authority to ban leasing on public lands. They claim the suspension will cost tens of thousands if not millions of jobs. The oil and gas industry in Texas paid out nearly $14 billion in taxes and royalties last year despite the pandemic. The Texas Oil and Gas Association says the total was lower than the record-high $16.3 billion in taxes and royalties paid in fiscal year 2019, when oil and natural gas production in the Lone Star State surged to records. &nbsp; A new study is prompting some energy producers to rethink proposed flaring regs in the Lone Star State. Research from the energy analysts at Rystad Energy suggests that requiring oil and gas companies to capture 98% of the natural gas produced in Texas could yield more than $440 million in additional revenue in just the next four years. For the third year in a row, lawmakers in New Mexico introduced a measure to block the process that helped make the state the number-three crude-oil producer in the U.S.&nbsp; A ban on fracking was first introduced back in 2019, and a legislative audit from that year found the idea could lead to a $3.5 billion loss in revenue. Opponents assert the move would kill some jobs, and send others across the state line into Texas. The bill's sponsor tells the Carlsbad Current Argus that the measure would not impact any current or ongoing fracking operations, but was meant to give the state some breathing room in addressing the practice’s impact on water and air quality. A Canadian trade group is predicting a slow rebound for that country's oil patch. The Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers expects capital investment in oil and gas to increase 14% this year, to more than 21 billion U.S. dollars. The group projects spending will remain below pre-pandemic levels, and will be less than one-third of the industry's peak investment year back in 2014.

<figure>
 <img src="https://media.eaglewebservices.com/public/2020/6/1592847975802.jpeg" alt="" />
 <figcaption></figcaption>
 </figure>By JOHN P. TRETBARKansas Common crude at CHS in McPherson starts the week at $42.50 per barrel. That's unchanged on the week and nearly four dollars higher than the price posted January 1. Kansas daily crude prices have stayed above $42 since January 8th, topping $43 on six of those days. The average price for the month of January was over $42 per barrel for the first time in a year. The U.S. Energy Information Administration says U.S. crude oil output in November increased by more than 10 million barrels over the month before. Kansas output reached 2.19 million barrels, or just over 73,000 barrels per day. That's also slightly higher than the month before. Intent to drill notices filed in the State of Kansas continued to decline last year. There were just 51 intents filed in December, bringing the annual total for 2020 to 560 intents, according to the Kansas Corporation Commission. That's less than half the total from the year before, which was down a third from the year before that.&nbsp; Baker Hughes reported 384 active drilling rigs this week, an increase of six oil rigs. The count in Texas was up seven, while New Mexico was down three rigs for the week. Independent Oil &amp; Gas Service reported an increase in its weekly Rig Count in Kansas. There are eight active drilling rigs in eastern Kansas, up four for the week, while the count west of Wichita was up one at eight active drilling rigs. Kansas regulators approved 36 new drilling permits last week, five of them in Western Kansas, including one in Stafford County. Independent Oil &amp; Gas Service reports 20 newly-completed wells for the week across Kansas. There were 16 east of Wichita and four in Western Kansas, including one in Stafford County. Operators have completed 55 wells across the state so far this year. The government says it's weekly tally of U.S. crude inventories dropped by nearly ten million barrels, but remained about five percent above the five-year average for this time of year. The Energy Information Administration says stockpiles dropped to just under 477 million barrels. EIA reported a decline in U.S. crude-oil imports of one million barrels per day.&nbsp; Over the past four weeks, imports averaged 13.9% less than the same four-week period last year. U.S. crude production last week was down 97,000 barrels per day, dropping below 11 million barrels per day for the first time since last November. Oil-by-rail shipments reached another one-year high last week, with 12,522 tanker cars hauling petroleum products, according to the Association of American Railroads.&nbsp; The running total for the year is down 11% from a year ago. The Biden administration's moratorium of oil and gas leasing on federal public land faced an immediate legal attack from an energy industry group said to represent 200 oil and gas companies. Western Energy Alliance filed a petition in U.S. court in Wyoming, asserting the suspension of leases is "unsupported and unnecessary," and represents an overreach by the government. The alliance asserts that the president doesn't have the authority to ban leasing on public lands. They claim the suspension will cost tens of thousands if not millions of jobs. The oil and gas industry in Texas paid out nearly $14 billion in taxes and royalties last year despite the pandemic. The Texas Oil and Gas Association says the total was lower than the record-high $16.3 billion in taxes and royalties paid in fiscal year 2019, when oil and natural gas production in the Lone Star State surged to records. &nbsp; A new study is prompting some energy producers to rethink proposed flaring regs in the Lone Star State. Research from the energy analysts at Rystad Energy suggests that requiring oil and gas companies to capture 98% of the natural gas produced in Texas could yield more than $440 million in additional revenue in just the next four years. For the third year in a row, lawmakers in New Mexico introduced a measure to block the process that helped make the state the number-three crude-oil producer in the U.S.&nbsp; A ban on fracking was first introduced back in 2019, and a legislative audit from that year found the idea could lead to a $3.5 billion loss in revenue. Opponents assert the move would kill some jobs, and send others across the state line into Texas. The bill's sponsor tells the Carlsbad Current Argus that the measure would not impact any current or ongoing fracking operations, but was meant to give the state some breathing room in addressing the practice’s impact on water and air quality. A Canadian trade group is predicting a slow rebound for that country's oil patch. The Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers expects capital investment in oil and gas to increase 14% this year, to more than 21 billion U.S. dollars. The group projects spending will remain below pre-pandemic levels, and will be less than one-third of the industry's peak investment year back in 2014.

Opinion